Attitude Lie

7/31/2019 Attitude Lie

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Attitudes & Values

Prepared by Rushad Shah



Attitudes can be defined as a persistenttendency to feel and behave in a particularway towards some object.

OR

Attitudes are evaluate statements - eitherfavourable or unfavourable – concerning

objects, people or events.



If a man perceives some relationshipbetween two things or between somethingand a characteristic of it, he is said to holda belief. (The harder you work, the more

profit you earn).

An attitude is an organisation of severalbeliefs focused on a specific object

(physical or social, concrete or abstract) orsituation, predisposing one to respond insome preferential manner.



There are three basic components:-

1. Emotional Component: Involves the persons

feelings, or affect – positive, neutral, ornegative - about an object.



2. Informational component:Consists of the beliefs and information theindividual has about the object. It makes nodifference whether or not this information isempirically correct or real.



3. Behavioural Component:

Consists of a persons tendency to behave in a

particular way towards an object.



Attitudes determine meaning: Much of whatis seen in the environment and in otherpeople’s behaviour is determined byattitudes.

Attitudes Organise Facts: Objective eventscan be differently perceived by different

people because of different attitudes.



Attitudes reconcile contradictions: People do

hold contradictory opinions. However, withthe proper attitude as a background,intelligent people can reconcile or rationalisethe same actions which to others are obviouscontradictions.



Attitudes selects Facts

From the plethora of environmental facts and

stimuli, one tends to select those which are inconsonance with one’s cherished beliefs andattitudes. Attitudes thus act as a screen orfilter.



Prior Commitments: This occurs when peoplefeel a commitment to a particular course of action and are unwilling to change.

Insufficient Information: Sometimes peopledo not see any reason to change theirattitudes.



Providing new information: This method is

often used for overcoming barrier tochanging attitudes.

Use of Fear: If high degree of fear arousal isused, people often reject the message

because it is too threatening.



If low of fear arousal are used people often

ignore them.

If moderate levels of fear are aroused peopleoften become aware of the situation and willchange their attitudes.



Resolving Discrepancies: Another way of changing attitudes is by resolvingdiscrepancies between attitudes andbehaviour.

Influence of friends and peers: Attitudes canchange through persuasion from friends and

peers.



: This means taking

people who are dissatisfied with a situationand getting them involved in improvingthings.



Job Involvement- Extend that a person identifies with their job.

Organisational Commitment

- Extend that a person identifies with theorganisation. This a great predictor forturnover.

Job Satisfaction

- A persons general attitude toward work.



It is job related attitude that refers to anindividuals general attitude towards his or her

job.

Locke had defined it as “a pleasurable orpositive emotional state resulting from theappraisal of one’s job or job experience”.



Job satisfaction is an emotional response to a job situation. As such it cannot ne seen, onlyinferred.

Job satisfaction is often determined by howwell outcomes meet or exceed expectations.

Job satisfaction represents several relatedattitudes.



ActiveExit Voice

Destructive Constructive

Neglect Loyalty

Passive



: Dissatisfaction expressed through behaviourdirected towards leaving the organisation.

: Dissatisfaction expressed through active and

constructive attempts to improve conditions.

: Dissatisfaction expressed by passivelywaiting for conditions to improve.

: Dissatisfaction expressed throughallowing conditions to worsen.



Commitment is defined as (1) a strong desireto remain a member of a particularorganisation; (2) a willingness to exert highlevels of effort on behalf of organisation; (3) a

definite belief in, and acceptance of thevalues and goals of the organisation.



Mayer and Allen’s (1991) – Three componentmodel

- Affective commitment – Involves theemployee’s emotional attachment to,identification with, and involvement in theorganisation.

- Continuance Commitment – Involves

commitment based on the costs that theemployee associates with leaving theorganisation.



- Normative Commitment - Involves the

employee’s feelings of obligation to stay withthe organisation.



The greatest discovery of my generation isthat a human being CAN alter his life bychanging his attitude.

William James

And so it is with you – you are in charge of your attitude.



Value is the worth or excellence or the degreeof worth ascribed to an object or a classthereof. It is an enduring belief that a specificmode of conduct or end state of existence is

personally and socially preferable to thealternative modes of conduct or end states of existence.



Value is a standard or yardstick to guide

actions, attitudes, evaluations and justifications of the self and others.



Is it worth or excellence ascribed to aparticular aspect of the work in themanager’s interaction with that work.



A number of dimensions of work may beidentified for understanding the work valuesof managers. These include the opportunitythe work offers for a person to (a) be creative,

(b) earn money, (c) take challenges, (d) serveothers, (e) have good working conditions, (f)enjoy prestige and status,



(g) have good colleagues, (h) have a stable &secure job, (i) be independent, (j) doacademic work, (k) do rural work.



A value may be of two different types- instrumental values : this relates to a singlebelief that always takes the form: “ I believethat such and such a mode of conduct (e.g.

Honesty, courage etc.) is personally andsocially preferable in all situations withrespect to all objects”.



- Terminal Value: It takes a comparable form; “Ibelieve that such and such an end state of existence ( e.g. Salvation, a world at peaceetc.) is personally and socially worth striving

for.- The goals that a person would like to achieve

during his or her lifetime.



Thanks

Attitude Lie

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