Attachment, Learning, Interfaith Relations and Prejudice in Canada Presentation for Canadian Race...

Attachment, Learning, Interfaith Relations and Prejudice in Canada

Presentation for Canadian Race Relations Foundation

JACK JEDWAB ASSOCIATION FOR CANADIAN STUDIES October 17, 2012

Methodology

Conducted by the firm Leger Marketing for the Association for Canadian Studies and the Canadian Race Relations Foundation, was done via web panel with 1522 respondents between March 17 and March 19, 2012. Across the country an equivalent phone survey would have a margin of error of 2.9 points 19 times out of 20)

Attachment to religion lowest across identities-increases amongst 65 plus

Total A manA

woman 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 + French English OtherTotal Weight

1522 735 787 179 247 297 307 226 267 332 877 297

TotNumb

1522 813 709 115 206 313 392 223 273 428 954 132

Canada 84% 83% 86% 79% 80% 82% 88% 87% 89% 54% 95% 89%

Prov 88% 87% 88% 83% 85% 85% 87% 90% 94% 91% 88% 82%

My Lang Group

78% 75% 81% 62% 78% 77% 82% 80% 85% 84% 80% 65%

My Ethnic Community

51% 50% 53% 40% 49% 58% 55% 47% 54% 57% 50% 47%

My Religious Group

38% 34% 41% 29% 32% 40% 34% 37% 52% 26% 39% 45%

Strong Attachment to Religion does not imply weaker attachment to Canada

I have a very strong, somewhat strong, somewhat weak or very weak sense of attachment to the following: /

My Religious Group

Very strongSomewhat

strongSomewhat

weak Very weak

I have a very strong, somewhat strong, somewhat weak or very weak sense of attachment to the following: / Canada

Very strong 72.3% 59.0% 48.8% 51.9%

Somewhat strong

18.8% 30.8% 33.1% 28.2%

Somewhat weak

6.2% 7.1% 14.4% 11.1%

Very weak 2.7% 3.2% 3.7% 8.7%

Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Nor does strong attachment to ethnicity imply weaker attachment to Canada

I have a very strong, somewhat strong, somewhat weak or very weak sense of attachment to the following: /

My ethnic community

Very strongSomewhat

strongSomewhat

weak Very weak

I have a very strong, somewhat strong, somewhat weak or very weak sense of attachment to the following: / Canada

Very strong 69.0% 56.5% 47.9% 56.5%

Somewhat strong

19.0% 33.0% 32.8% 21.4%

Somewhat weak

7.5% 6.8% 15.3% 11.2%

Very weak 4.4% 3.8% 4.0% 10.9%

Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Canadians can practice freely but rights of women may be affected

AGREE Total A man

A woman 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 + French English Other

People can

practise their

religion freely in Canada

91% 93% 90% 91% 94% 91% 91% 91% 90% 84% 94% 94%

Religion inevitably poses a threat to women's rights

45% 44% 45% 49% 44% 40% 42% 49% 45% 55% 43% 35%

Religion brings people together more than it divides them

47% 44% 49% 42% 43% 47% 44% 43% 58% 40% 48% 51%

I want to learn more about religions other than my own

49% 48% 49% 46% 56% 51% 42% 48% 48% 40% 55% 41%

Yes to Religious Pluralism, But…

AGREE Total A man

A woman 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 + French English Other

There is room for a variety of religions in Canada

82% 84% 81% 84% 83% 80% 83% 84% 79% 74% 82% 91%

We have to take steps to protect our Canadian religious traditions from outside influences

51% 48% 54% 41% 53% 46% 45% 53% 69% 65% 51% 38%

Those who want to learn more about religions other than their own go in with far

less negativity I want to learn more about religions other than my own

Negative Strongly agree

Somewhat agree

Somewhat disagree

Strongly disagree

Relations Between Muslims and non-Muslims

39% 44% 55.6% 62.1%

Relations Between Jews and non-Jews

28% 24.2% 30.9% 40%

Muslims 26.9% 33.1% 54.1% 58.3%

Canadian Multicultural Policy

22.3% 29.2% 34.5% 48.1%

Jews 12.3% 13.4% 21.3% 27.7%

Supporters of MC Policy exhibit more positive views of communities

Do you have a very positive, somewhat positive, somewhat negative or very negative opinion of the following: / Canadian Multicultural Policy

Very Positive and Somewhat Positive view of…

Very positiveSomewhat

positiveSomewhat

negative Very negative

Immigrants 93.0% 82.3% 51.4% 41.0%

Aboriginals 87.2% 77.4% 50.5% 43.2%

Muslims 76.3% 60.6% 27.3% 15.9%

Jews 84.6% 83.6% 64.8% 56.8%

Francophones 82.5% 67.2% 42.8% 36.5%

Those who want to learn more about other religions

more likely to agree that religion unifies


Religion brings people together more than it divides them

Strongly agreeSomewhat

agreeSomewhat

disagreeStrongly

disagree

Strongly agree 27.1% 39.1% 20.0% 13.8%

Somewhat agree 11.4% 45.7% 28.9% 14.0%

Somewhat disagree 8.8% 34.4% 34.9% 21.9%

Strongly disagree 10.3% 22.5% 18.3% 48.9%

Those who want to learn more about other religions more trusting of Muslims


The following can be trusted a lot, somewhat trusted, trusted a little or not trusted at all: / Muslims


agreeSomewhat

disagreeStrongly

disagree

Trusted a lot 41.8% 34.2% 6.8% 17.1%

Somewhat trusted 14.6% 44.0% 24.3% 17.1%

Trusted a little 7.1% 35.6% 34.5% 22.8%

Not trusted at all 3.7% 21.5% 28.9% 46.0%

Those who want to learn more about other religions more trusting of Jews


The following can be trusted a lot, somewhat trusted, trusted a little or not trusted at all: / Jews


agreeSomewhat

disagreeStrongly

disagree

Trusted a lot 29.8% 38.3% 13.6% 18.3%

Somewhat trusted 11.4% 41.0% 27.3% 20.3%

Trusted a little 6.8% 27.7% 37.8% 27.7%

Not trusted at all 5.0% 20.1% 20.9% 54.0%

As observed below, some 43% of Canadians strongly agree that they have heard negative comments about Muslims over the past year compared with 31% in the case of Aboriginals and 25% in the case of Jews.

I have heard negative comments about…in the past year

Strongly agree

Somewhat agree

Somewhat disagree

Strongly disagree

Muslims 43.5% 38.8% 11.1% 6.5% 100.0%

Aboriginals 31.2% 37.6% 20.7% 10.4% 100.0%

Jews 24.7% 34.4% 26.4% 14.5% 100.0%

People least likely to agree that discrimination

towards black people not their fault If there is discrimination against…it is mainly their fault

Total

18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 +

Muslims 42% 28% 41% 38% 39% 39% 62%

Jews 26% 20% 30% 25% 26% 24% 28%

Black People 19% 24% 20% 17% 17% 16% 20%

Most Canadians possess negative view of relations between Muslims and non-Muslims

Relations Between Muslims and Non-Muslims

Total Maritimes QC ON MB/SK AB BCTOTAL positive

38% 57% 26% 42% 42% 42% 35%

Very positive 8% 12% 4% 11% 9% 10% 6%

Somewhat positive

30% 45% 22% 31% 33% 32% 29%

TOTAL negative

51% 30% 66% 47% 47% 49% 50%

Somewhat negative

33% 23% 38% 32% 27% 30% 41%

Very negative 18% 7% 28% 15% 20% 19% 9%

I prefer not answering

11% 13% 7% 11% 11% 9% 15%

Young people more optimistic around relations between Muslims and non-Muslims

Relations Between Muslims and Non-Muslims

18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 + French English OtherTOTAL positive

56% 35% 34% 43% 38% 29% 25% 44% 38%

Very positive 24% 4% 7% 7% 5% 8% 5% 9% 10%

Somewhat positive

32% 31% 27% 35% 34% 22% 20% 35% 28%

TOTAL negative

31% 51% 54% 47% 53% 64% 66% 46% 52%

Somewhat negative

20% 37% 41% 30% 30% 38% 38% 31% 34%

Very negative 11% 14% 14% 17% 24% 26% 28% 14% 17%


13% 14% 12% 11% 8% 7% 9% 11% 10%

Those who were the most likely to have heard negative comments about Muslims were the most likely to hold negative opinions about them. But those with moderate exposure to such comments held negative views to the same degree as those who heard very little negative remarks about Muslims.

Do you have a very positive, somewhat positive, somewhat negative or very negative opinion of the

following: / Muslims

I have heard negative

comments about

Muslims in the past

yearSomewhat negative Very negative Total Negative

Strongly agree 33.2% 22.6% 55.8%

Somewhat agree 29.6% 7.3% 36.9%

Somewhat disagree 17.3% 12.5% 29.8%

Strongly disagree 18.4% 17.3% 35.7%

I have heard negative comments about Muslims in the past year

Strongly agree

Somewhat agree

Somewhat disagree

Strongly disagree

Age 43.5% 38.8% 11.1% 6.5% 100.0%

18-24 years of age 48.9% 38.3% 6.1% 6.7% 100.0%

25-34 years of age 45.3% 38.1% 12.6% 4.0% 100.0%

35-44 years of age 37.2% 38.3% 18.5% 6.0% 100.0%

45-54 years of age 38.6% 41.5% 9.2% 10.8% 100.0%

55-64 years of age 44.9% 33.0% 15.4% 6.6% 100.0%

65-74 years of age 46.3% 45.8% 4.9% 3.0% 100.0%

Negative comments about Muslims have been heard to roughly equal degrees across the age spectrum

Quebecers most negative about relations between Jews and non-Jews

Relations Between Jews and Non-Jews

Total Maritimes QC ON MB/SK AB BC

TOTAL positive

59% 67% 38% 67% 61% 63% 64%

Very positive

15% 23% 6% 19% 14% 18% 13%

Somewhat positive

44% 43% 32% 49% 47% 45% 51%

TOTAL negative

30% 20% 52% 23% 26% 31% 21%

Somewhat negative

23% 18% 36% 18% 20% 22% 20%

Very negative

7% 2% 16% 5% 6% 9% 1%


10% 13% 9% 10% 13% 6% 15%

Young Canadians somewhat less likely to be

positive about relations between Jews and non-Jews

Relations Between Jews and Non-Jews

18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 + FrenchEnglis

h OtherTOTAL positive

69% 50% 55% 57% 59% 68% 39% 67% 62%

Very positive

23% 13% 12% 14% 11% 19% 8% 17% 17%

Somewhat positive

46% 37% 43% 44% 48% 49% 31% 50% 45%

TOTAL negative

19% 36% 31% 31% 34% 28% 51% 23% 27%

Somewhat negative

9% 30% 25% 23% 24% 22% 35% 19% 21%

Very negative

10% 6% 6% 7% 10% 6% 16% 5% 7%


11% 14% 14% 12% 7% 4% 10% 10% 11%

In the case of Jews, those who were more exposed to negative comments were more likely to hold negative opinions about the group

Do you have a very positive, somewhat positive, somewhat negative or very negative opinion of the following: / Jews

I have heard negative comments

about Jews in the past year

Somewhat negative Very negative Total Negative Strongly agree 16.5% 8.5% 25.0%

Somewhat agree 18.9% 3.1% 22%

Somewhat disagree 10.4% 2.5% 12.9%

Strongly disagree 5.9% 5.9% 11.8%

Of the following, rank in order where you think racism and prejudice is most present

First Choice Total

18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 +

Internet 49% 55% 53% 47% 45% 51% 44%

Radio or Television

19% 19% 14% 22% 20% 17% 19%

Amongst Friends and Family Members

11% 13% 13% 10% 11% 6% 11%

My Place of Work of School

8% 7% 5% 9% 9% 10% 8%


First Choice

Total French English Allophones

Internet 49% 39% 53% 46%

Radio or Television 19% 23% 17% 18%


11% 15% 10% 8%

My Place of Work of School 8% 8% 7% 12%

Exposure to prejudice does not always result in acceptance of it

Negative Opinion of the Following…(Combined somewhat and very)

Strongly Agree I have heard negative remarks about…


First Choice

Muslims

Jews

Muslims

Jews

Internet 40.2 16.0 44.9 23.8

Newspapers 52.1 24.7 31.4 16.2

Radio or Television 44.2 21.4 43.8 28.5


55.2 20.9 48.8 24.1

My Place of Work of School 42.7 23.2 38.7 27.4

In My Neighbourhood 45.8 17.0 47.4 27.4

Attachment, Learning, Interfaith Relations and Prejudice in Canada Presentation for Canadian Race...

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