Attachment 7 HCSI SAF

Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaMinistry of Interior

High Commission for Industrial Security

Safety and Fire Protection DirectivesFor Industrial Facilities

SAF 2

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All rights reserved to the High Commission of Industrial Security (HCIS). Copying or distributionprohibited without written permission from HCIS.

Safety and Fire Protection Directives for Industrial Facilities 1




TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

SAF-1 Application of Safety and FireProtection Directives 3

SAF-2 Environmental, Health & Safety (EHS)Management 15

SAF-3 Plant Buildings 29

SAF-4 Fire Protection Systems 47

SAF-5 Industrial Drainage 63

SAF-6 Plant Layout, Spacing, and Access 71

SAF-7 Wellsite Safety 83

SAF-8 Storage Tanks and Storage Vessels 97

SAF-9 Fireproofing in Plants 109

SAF-10 Pressure Piping, Pressure Vessels,and Transportation Pipelines 117

SAF-11 Emergency Shut Down, Isolation,and Depressuring 139




TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

SAF-12 Electrical Safety 147

SAF-13 Work Permits 155

SAF-14 Safe Manufacture, Transportation, Storage,and Use of Explosives Materials andPyrotechnic Articles 171

SAF-15 Private Industrial Fleet Vehicle Filling Stations 187

SAF-16 Bulk Plants and Air Fueling Support Facilities 195

SAF-17 Offshore Production Facilities 205

SAF-18 Mines and Mineral Processing Plants 217

SAF-19 Electric Power Generating Plants andAssociated Facilities 227

SAF-20 Pre-Incident Planning and Managementof Emergencies 239

SAF-21 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 253

SAF-22 Portable Electric and Electronic Devices 265

SAF-1Application of Safety and FireProtection Directives








RESTRICTEDAll rights reserved to HCIS. Copying or distribution prohibited without written permission from HCIS.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page1 Administration 7

1.1 Scope 71.2 Application 71.3 Conflicts and Deviations 7

2 Definitions 7

3 References 7

4 General Requirements 84.1 Modifications 84.2 Authority 84.3 Safety and Fire Directives 94.4 Supersede Prior Directives 94.5 Requirements for Executing

Fire Protection Projects 94.6 Preliminary Design 114.7 Detail Design 114.8 Installation Contractor 124.9 Progress Reports 124.10 Support 124.11 Training 134.12 EHS Management 134.13 Maintenance of Existing Facilities 134.14 Outdoor Equipment

Environmental Criteria 13


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High Commission for Industrial Security SAF-1


1. Administration1.1 Scope

This Directive provides the minimum requirements for companies andestablishments that are subject to the supervision of the High Commissionfor Industrial Security (HCIS), Ministry of Interior, for application of safe-ty and fire protection directives.

1.2 ApplicationThis Directive is applicable to all new facilities, including projects, theexpansion of existing facilities, and upgrades. For application to existingfacilities, the Owner shall assess his facilities against the requirements ofthese Directives and coordinate with the General Secretariat of the HighCommission for Industrial Security (HCIS) to comply with the Security,Safety, and Fire Protection requirements according to these Directives andadd to or modify the existing facilities as required. Where the GeneralSecretariat of the HCIS has assessed deficiencies in existing facilities dur-ing a survey, comparing the current state of the facilities to the requirementsof these Directives, those identified deficiencies shall be corrected by theOwner.

1.3 Conflicts and DeviationsWhere implementation of a requirement is unsuitable or impractical, whereother equivalent company or internationally recognized Standards andCodes are followed, or where any conflict exists between this Directive andother company Standards and Codes, the deviations shall be resolved by theGeneral Secretariat of the HCIS. Deviations lower than the requirements ofthis Directive shall be listed and submitted in a report of non-compliance,with justification and rationale for not following the requirement andapproval shall be received from the General Secretariat of the HCIS prior toimplementation. The documents shall be retained by the company in its per-manent engineering files.

2. DefinitionsHCIS: High Commission for Industrial Security, Ministry of Interior.Owner: Person, partnership, or company that has possession of a facility or estab-lishment.Shall: Indicates a mandatory requirement.Should: Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.

3. ReferencesThe selection of material and equipment, and the design, construction, mainte-nance, operation and repair of equipment and facilities covered by each directiveshall meet the requirements of the latest edition of the references listed by each

directive. The directives are as follows:SAF-1 Application of Safety and Fire Protection DirectivesSAF-2 Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) ManagementSAF-3 Plant Buildings SAF-4 Fire Protection SystemsSAF-5 Industrial DrainageSAF-6 Plant Layout, Spacing, and AccessSAF-7 Wellsite SafetySAF-8 Storage Tanks and Storage VesselsSAF-9 Fireproofing in PlantsSAF-10 Pressure Piping, Pressure Vessels, and Transportation PipelinesSAF-11 Emergency Shutdown, Isolation, and De-pressuringSAF-12 Electrical SafetySAF-13 Work PermitsSAF-14 Safe Manufacture, Transportation, Storage, and Use of Explosive

Materials and Pyrotechnic ArticlesSAF-15 Private Industrial Fleet Vehicle Filling StationsSAF-16 Bulk Plants and Air Fueling Support FacilitiesSAF-17 Offshore Production FacilitiesSAF-18 Mines and Mineral Processing PlantsSAF-19 Electric Power Generating Plants and Associated FacilitiesSAF-20 Pre-Incident Planning and Management of EmergenciesSAF-21 Personal Protective EquipmentSAF-22 Portable Electric and Electronic Devices

4. General Requirements4.1 Modifications

The High Commission for Industrial Security (HCIS) reserves the right tomodify and/or make changes, as deemed necessary, to the Safety and FireProtection Directives without prior notice.

4.2 AuthorityThe national security of Saudi Arabia, including the security of the econo-my and the well being of its population, depends directly on physical andoperational safety of all types of industrial facilities across Saudi Arabia.Therefore, the HCIS shall have the ultimate authority on administratingthese requirements.



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Application of Safety and FireProtection Directives

4.3 Safety and Fire DirectivesIt is obligatory for the Owners of all companies and establishments tobecome familiar and knowledgeable about these Safety and Fire ProtectionDirectives. Some Directives are general in nature and apply to all establish-ments, e.g. SAF-2, Environmental, Health & Safety (EHS) Management;SAF-4, Fire Protection Systems; SAF-12, Electrical Safety; and SAF-20,Pre-Incident Planning and Management of Emergencies. Others apply tomore industrial settings but are still applied generally, e.g. SAF-13, WorkPermits; and SAF-21, Personal Protective Equipment. Many of theDirectives apply to specific types of facilities as described in the scope ofeach individual Directive. The detailed requirements of safety and fire pro-tection for each facility are described in each individual Safety and FireProtection Directives.

4.4 Supersede Prior DirectivesThese directives supersede all Safety and Security Directives previouslyissued by the HCIS.

4.5 Requirements for Executing Fire Protection Projects4.5.1 Designers, contractors and systems for safety and fire protection related

projects at facilities classified under the Safety and Fire ProtectionDirectives shall be approved by the HCIS.

4.5.2 The Owner shall be responsible for providing HCIS with required docu-mentation at least three (3) months before starting the safety and fire pro-tection related project. This will allow a complete evaluation by the HCISof the project and the proposed contractors.

4.5.3 Contractors and suppliers shall be certified by the Ministry of Interior (CivilDefense) and Ministry of Commerce and Industry.a) The Commercial Registration (CR) certificate issued by the Ministry of

Commerce and Industry shall clearly specify that the contractor isauthorized to conduct safety and fire protection related work.

b) The contractor shall be licensed by the competent authority at theMinistry of Interior (the General Directorate of Civil Defense). The cer-tification shall clearly indicate that the contractor is authorized toengage in safety and fire protection related design and/or installationwork. It shall specify the nature and type of authorized activity asincluded in the commercial registration certificate issued by theMinistry of Commerce and Industry.

4.5.4 The Owner shall submit qualification documents to the HCIS for approvalof all contractors that are being considered for providing design and instal-lation of safety and fire protection related projects. The qualification docu-ments shall include a list of previous projects of a similar nature that havebeen executed by the contractor. The list must show the type of work, sizeof project, dates and user of the executed project. Contract award for the


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design or installation shall not proceed until such approvals are receivedfrom the HCIS.

4.5.5 The Owner shall ensure that the company selected for safety and fire pro-tection related work shall have adequate engineering capabilities and quali-fied manpower to design, install, test and maintain the safety and fire pro-tection systems and execute all other work requirements competently. Fireprotection and detection systems shall be designed and installed by profes-sional engineering and design personnel who are qualified, experienced,and specialized in fire protection and detection system design, e.g. undersupervision of a registered professional engineer who is licensed to dodesign in the specialty of fire protection engineering and who has at leastfire years of experience in the design of fire detection and fire extinguish-ing systems.

4.5.6 Owners who use contractors to perform work in and around process areasthat involve hazardous chemicals or hydrocarbons shall establish a contrac-tor qualification process to meet Section 4.3 of SAF-2, Environmental,Health & Safety (EHS) Management.

4.5.7 The HCIS reserves the exclusive right to approve or reject any candidatedesign agency performing the work. The Owner shall ensure that all com-panies participating in the work are approved by HCIS prior to work initia-tion.

4.5.8 The Owner shall ensure that the company selected for safety and fire pro-tection related work shall have prior technical experience inside or outsidethe Kingdom in similar work that matches the scope of the current work.

4.5.9 Contractors receiving bid documents or working on a safety and fire pro-tection system designs, installation or support shall sign Non-DisclosureAgreements (NDA) specifying that the contractor shall maintain all workrelated documents in confidence and not disclose them to any third partywithout prior written approval of the Owner.

4.5.10 Contractors performing safety and fire protection related work shall for-mally certify, in writing, that they shall provide, for the life of the system,after-sales services, support and spare parts for all devices and systemsinstalled.

4.5.11 The Owner shall provide the HCIS with a detailed list of major equipmentor systems, their supplier, the original vendor catalogs showing the specifi-cations of the proposed equipment or systems and their local agent. The listshall include component model numbers, descriptions, manufacturer andlocal agent.

4.5.12.The HCIS shall have the right to reject any equipment, system, or suppliers.In case any equipment, system, or supplier is rejected by HCIS, the Ownershall replace it with one that is approved or submit additional details for jus-tification of approval.

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4.5.13.The Owner shall ensure that any new directions by government thru rulesand regulations instituted for implementation after project contract signingare considered to be included as part of the project.

4.5.14 There shall be no outstanding court claims, objections, or reservationsagainst the contractor executing the work.

4.5.15 The Owner shall not permit any start on safety and fire protection relatedwork until HCIS approval for the design, contractor, major fire protectionequipment and systems is received.

4.5.16 All submissions to the HCIS shall be in writing.

4.6 Preliminary Design4.6.1 The Owner shall prepare a preliminary design package that details the scope

of work, main and auxiliary elements of safety and fire protection relatedwork and site specific requirements.

4.6.2 The preliminary design package shall include the following at a minimum:a) Site plan view drawings showing the layout of the safety and fire pro-

tection related devices and systems relative to the protected facilities.b) Areas covered by the fire protection / detection system.c) Specifications for fire protection / detection equipment at each site.d) Location and installation details of end devices.

4.6.3 The data listed in section 4.7.1 & 4.7.2 shall be submitted to the HCIS forreview and approval prior to commencing detail design, bidding and con-tract award for design and installation.

4.7 Detail Design4.7.1 The Owner shall prepare a detail design package that provides detailed tech-

nical specifications, engineering design and list of bidders for the all ele-ments of design. This package shall contain complete details.

4.7.2 During construction, the Owner shall ensure that ongoing construction sitesshall be surrounded by a Category 4 fence and adequate separation main-tained from existing facilities. The Owner shall coordinate with the HCISon a case-by-case basis.

4.7.3 A copy of the detail design package shall be provided to the HCIS forapproval at least three (3) months prior to awarding the bid, ordering mate-rials or initiating any work specified under the detail design package. Thisdata shall include the items listed below. The Owner shall be responsible forany delay that may occur due to non-compliance with the time requirementsmentioned above or failing to demonstrate compliance with the require-ments in the HCIS directives related to the project work. The Owner isrequired to meet the HCIS time requirements for approvals and ensure fullcompliance with the safety and fire protection directives.

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Application of Safety and FireProtection Directives

4.7.4 The details design package shall include a list of contractors on the bidderslist. The certification of the contractors, as specified under section 4.6 of thisDirective, shall be supplied as part of this package.

4.7.5 A list showing non-compliance, with justification and reasons, for eachapplicable aspect of the HCIS safety and fire protection directives and pro-ject specifications shall be provided as part of this package.

4.7.6 A list of major equipment, systems, their suppliers and their local agent shallbe provided to the HCIS.

4.7.7 The proposed work execution schedule shall be provided as part of thispackage.

4.7.8 Copies of original manufacturer catalogs and device specifications shall beprovided as part of this package.

4.7.9 The technologies, devices and systems to be supplied for the project shallbe obtained from credible and reputable sources and manufacturers. The fullidentities of all sources and manufacturers shall be accurately disclosed inthe documentation sent to HCIS. All information sent to HCIS must be cur-rent.

4.8. Installation ContractorThe installation contractor shall be certified as specified in section 4.6 ofthis directive.

4.9 Progress ReportsThe Owner shall provide the HCIS with progress reports every six (6)months on the progress of safety and fire protection related projects.

4.10 SupportThe Owner shall ensure that all safety and fire protection related installa-tions are supported with a complete maintenance and support infrastructure.

4.10.1 The system contractor shall provide all details and tools required for systemmaintenance. This shall include maintenance manuals, software diagnostics,special tools, calibration equipment and procedures.

4.10.2 The maintenance manuals shall contain recommended maintenance inter-vals, procedures, and recommended spare parts lists.

4.10.3 The Owner shall be responsible for implementing a preventive maintenancestrategy to meet recommended maintenance requirements for all equipment.

4.10.4 All emergency backup generators shall be started-up weekly and maintainedas specified in Security Directive SEC-07.

4.10.5 The Owner shall maintain documentation for all safety and fire protectionequipment installed. This documentation shall include full contact details ofcomponent manufacturers, part numbers, recommended spare parts and




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maintenance manuals needed for each installation.4.10.6 The Owner shall maintain a full set of as-built drawings for all projects. The

drawings shall be maintained as soft copy in an easily accessible format.The Owner shall maintain an index of all drawings pertaining to all safetyand fire protection related systems.

4.11 Training4.11.1 The Owner shall ensure that training is provided to operations and mainte-

nance personnel in the operation and support of all safety and fire protec-tion related systems and devices.

4.11.2 Training shall be provided for new safety and fire protection systemsinstalled in an existing facility prior to system or device deployment.

4.11.3 The Owner shall maintain logs of all training activities. The logs shall listall training provided to personnel and include personnel name, date and typeof training provided.

4.11.4 Personnel assigned to new locations with safety and fire protection installa-tions shall undergo a short training period prior to assuming their newduties.

4.12 EHS ManagementThe Owner shall develop environmental, health, and safety (EHS) policies,procedures and practices that meet the requirements of SAF-2,Environmental, Health & Safety (EHS) Management. The Owner shall doc-ument and communicate specific safety, health, and environmental goalsand objectives in writing to the companys personnel, with clear account-ability for implementation of those goals and objectives.

4.13 Maintenance of Existing Facilities4.13.1 The Owner shall maintain all fire detection and fire protections systems in

working order and shall otherwise ensure that all fire protection installationsare kept in working order with a complete preventive maintenance program.A full set of as-built drawings for all fire protection and fire detection sys-tems shall be maintained including full details of component manufacturers,part numbers, recommended spare parts and maintenance manuals.

4.13.2 The Owner shall make certain that the contractor has the appropriate jobskills, knowledge, and certifications to do the work safely. Contractors thatperform maintenance or repair, turnaround, or major renovation shall haveadequate engineering capabilities and qualified manpower to design, install,test and maintain the equipment and systems they work on and execute allother work requirements competently.

4.14 Outdoor Equipment Environmental Criteria4.14.1 Equipment to be installed outdoor shall be designed to operate without air


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conditioning or forced air ventilation system and, at a minimum, under theconditions of environment detailed below. The equipment shall meet thespecified performance when subjected to the full range of these conditions.

4.14.2 Ambient Temperature Range: -10 degrees C to +65 degrees C (excludingtemperature rise in cabinet)

4.14.3 Ambient Relative Humidity Range: 5% to 100%, non-condensing4.14.4 The normal airborne dust concentration shall be considered as 1 milligram

per milliliter. During sandstorm conditions, dust concentrations reaching500 milligram per milliliter are encountered and winds may gust to 112kilometers per hour. 95 percent of all dust particles are less than 20 microm-eters and 50 percent of all particles are less than 1.5 micrometers in size.Compounds present in the dust include those of sodium, calcium, silicon,magnesium and aluminum. When exposed to wet conditions (100 percenthumidity), these compounds function as electrolytes and can result in severecorrosion of other materials.

4.14.5 Other pollutants present (ppm vol. /vol. in atmosphere, worst case) are:H2S 20 ppm (vol/vol)CO 100 ppm (vol/vol)NOx 5 ppm (vol/vol)SO2 10 ppm (vol/vol)O3 1 ppm (vol/vol)Hydrocarbons 150 ppm (vol/vol)




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SAF-1

SAF-2Environmental, Health & Safety (EHS)Management








TABLE OF CONTENTS



2 Definitions 19

3 References 20

4 General Requirements 214.1. EHS Management System 214.2 Record Keeping 234.3 Process Safety Management 23


SAF-2Environmental, Health & Safety(EHS) Management


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This directive provides the minimum requirements for companies andestablishments that are subject to the supervision of the High Commissionfor Industrial Security (HCIS), Ministry of Interior, for an environmental,health, and safety (EHS) management system that applies a quality systemsapproach to managing EHS activities. Section 4.3 provides the minimumrequirements for process safety management (PSM) where hydrocarbonsand hazardous chemicals are being handled, transferred, or stored.

1.2 ApplicationThis directive is applicable to all facilities, including new projects, theexpansion of existing facilities, and upgrades. For application to existingfacilities, the owner shall assess his facilities against the requirements ofthese directives and coordinate with the General Secretariat of the HCIS tocomply with the security, safety, and fire protection requirements accordingto these directives and add to or modify the existing facilities as required.Where the General Secretariat of the HCIS has assessed deficiencies inexisting facilities during a survey, comparing the current state of the facili-ties to the requirements of these directives, those identified deficienciesshall be corrected by the owner.

1.3 Conflicts and DeviationsWhere implementation of a requirement is unsuitable or impractical, whereother equivalent company or industry standards and codes are followed, orwhere any conflict exists between this directive and other company stan-dards and codes, the deviations shall be resolved by the General Secretariatof the General Secretariat of the HCIS. Deviations lower than the require-ments of this directive shall be listed and submitted in a report of non-com-pliance, with justification and rationale for not following the requirement,and approval shall be received from the General Secretariat of the GeneralSecretariat of the HCIS prior to implementation. The documents shall beretained by the company in its permanent engineering files.

2. DefinitionsANSI: American National Standard Institute, Website: http://www.ansi.org/ API: American Petroleum Institute, Website: http://api-ec.api.org/ Element: A key component of a safe, healthy, and environmentally-sound opera-tion. Goal: General directions or results sought through application of an organizationsstrategies, objectives, and systems.EHS Management System: An environmental, health, and safety (EHS) manage-ment system consists of a collection of processes and procedures used to govern




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EHS activities and the establishment of appropriate behaviors by employees. Theobjective is to protect the health of employees and the public, prevent catastrophicproduct releases from plant facilities, and to minimize business interruptions andlosses. HCIS: High Commission for Industrial Security, Ministry of Interior.Objective: A desired endpoint that helps to achieve compliance with the organiza-tions policies, or otherwise improves performance.Owner: Person, partnership, or company that has possession of a facility or estab-lishment.OSHA: U.S. Department Of Labor, Occupational Safety And Health Administ-ration (OSHA), Title 29, Code of Federal Regulation (CFR) Part 1910, Website:http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/cfr-table-search.html Plant: Facilities used to manufacture, process, store, transport or transfer a mater-ial or substance.Policy: A statement by the organization of its intentions and principles in relationto its overall EHS performance, which provides a framework for action and for set-ting EHS objectives and targets.Procedure: A series of steps to be carried out in logical order for a given situation.Process: A series of actions, changes, or functions by a group of people that bringabout a desired result.Shall: Indicates a mandatory requirement.Should: Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.Targets: Milestones that must be achieved or actions completed within a specifiedtime to meet an objective.

3. ReferencesThis directive adopts the latest edition of the references listed. ANSI Z400.1 Hazardous Industrial Chemicals - Material Safety Data Sheets

- PreparationAPI RP 75 Development of a Safety and Environmental Management

Program for Offshore Operations and FacilitiesAPI STD 2220 Contractor Safety Performance ProcessAPI RP 9000 Management Practices, Self-Assessment Process, and

Resource MaterialsAPI PUB 9100A Model Environmental, Health & Safety (EHS) Management

SystemAPI PUB 9100B Guidance Document for Model EHS Management SystemOSHA 1910.119 Process Safety Management Of Highly Hazardous Chemicals

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Environmental, Health & Safety(EHS) Management


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4. General Requirements4.1 EHS Management System

A system for environmental, health, and safety (EHS) management that isaligned with the principles of API 9000, API 9100A, API 9100B, API 75,29 OSHA 1910 or other applicable internationally recognized best practices,shall be in place. The system may be organized differently as long as thepurpose and all the objectives of a comprehensive EHS management systemare fulfilled.

4.1.1 Policy and Planning a) Management Leadership, Responsibilities and Accountability

Develop EHS policies, allocate adequate resources, and set clear goals,objectives, and targets for establishing and maintaining EHS proceduresand practices. Include a commitment to comply with applicable lawsand regulations. Managers shall document and communicate specificsafety, health, and environmental goals and objectives to their companypersonnel, with clear accountability for implementation of the goals andobjectives.

b) Risk Assessment and ManagementEstablish, maintain, and document a system to identify hazards, assessthe consequences, and manage risks to the company, to company andcontractor personnel, facilities, customers, the public, and the environ-ment.

c) Compliance and Other RequirementsEnsure that all EHS requirements are known and compliance is reflect-ed in relevant procedures and programs. An internal process shall be inplace to enforce EHS requirements.

d) EHS Management Planning and ProgramsA planning process shall be in place to establish and maintain docu-mented EHS objectives and targets, including time frames for achievingthose objectives and targets.

4.1.2 Implementation and Operations a) Personnel Training and Contractor Services

All personnel, including direct employees and contractors, shall begiven the appropriate training needed to understand their responsibili-ties as they relate to EHS. A system shall be in place for selection, place-ment, training, and ongoing assessment of the competencies of employ-ees and contractors based on EHS job qualification criteria. Personalprotective equipment (PPE) requirements shall be identified and com-municated to employees and contractors.


b) Documentation and CommunicationsDrawings and other pertinent documentation such as operating proce-dures, pertinent maintenance, and onstream inspection records arerequired for sound operation and maintenance of facilities. These docu-ments shall be identified, accessible, and kept up-to-date. Proceduresshall be in place to encourage free and open communications on EHSmatters.

c) Facilities Design and ConstructionThe owner shall provide plant facilities that are designed, constructed,operated, inspected, and maintained using the principles of EHS man-agement. Project management systems and procedures shall be docu-mented, well understood, and executed by qualified personnel. Qualitycontrol and inspection systems shall be in place to verify that facilitiesmeet design specifications and that construction is in accordance withinternationally accepted applicable standards and the HCIS directives.

d) Operations, Maintenance and Management of ChangeDevelop and implement operating, maintenance, and inspection proce-dures. Operations with potentially higher risk shall be identified andaddressed with special procedures (e.g., work permit systems are inplace, documented, and enforced). A system shall be in place for man-aging both temporary and permanent operational and facility changes.

e) Community Awareness and Emergency ResponseA system shall be in place, appropriate to the size and nature of the oper-ation, to recognize, document, and respond to community, company,and governmental expectations and concerns about operations impacton public safety and health. Comprehensive emergency response andcrisis management plans shall be in place.

4.1.3 Measurement and Checkinga) EHS Performance Monitoring and Measurement

Periodically monitor the key characteristics of facility and companyoperations and activities that impact EHS performance with the goals,objectives, and targets set out in 4.1.1. Performance shall be provided tomanagement responsible for the facility.

b) Incident Investigation, Reporting and AnalysisA system shall be in place for reporting, investigating, and documentingsafety, health, environmental and regulatory compliance incidents andsignificant near misses. Investigation of all incidents shall be conductedto identify causes and contributing factors. Findings shall be analyzedand preventive actions taken. Communicate lessons learned.

c) EHS Management System AuditInclude a self-audit for the adequacy and enforcement of EHS rulesand procedures. Findings and recommended resolutions shall be




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documented and communicated to the facility management. Correctionsthat are affected as a result of the recommendations shall be tracked bythe owner company. All records shall be retained and made available foraudit to the HCIS (see 4.2).

4.1.4 Management Review and Continual Improvement Management shall regularly review and evaluate the effectiveness of theEHS management system. Findings shall be documented and used to makeimprovements.

4.2 Record Keeping4.2.1 Records for EHS related management reviews and audits for adequacy and

enforcement of EHS rules and procedures shall be retained for at least 10years. Review reports including findings and resolutions shall be madeavailable to the HCIS upon request.

4.2.2 Records for incident investigation, reporting, and analysis shall be retainedfor the life of the company and shall be made available to the HCIS uponrequest.

4.3 Process Safety Management (PSM) 4.3.1 In petroleum and petrochemical industrial facilities and where hazardous

chemicals are being handled, transferred, or stored, a process safety man-agement program shall be in place for preventing or minimizing the conse-quences of catastrophic releases of toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosivematerials that may result in toxic, fire or explosion hazards. Follow U.S.OSHA Title 29, CFR 1910.119, Appendix D or similar best practices thatdescribe the essential elements of a PSM program. The elements of theOSHA PSM program are described below.

4.3.2 Employee Involvement in Process Safety ManagementOwners shall consult with and involve their employees regarding the devel-opment and implementation of the process safety management program andrelated hazard assessments. Owners shall also train and educate theiremployees and inform affected employees of the lessons learned from inci-dent investigations required by the process safety management program.

4.3.3 Process Safety Information for Employeesa) The owner should have process safety information system for employ-

ees and contractors working in their establishment. The compilation ofwritten process safety information is to enable the employer and theemployees involved in operating any process to identify and understandthe hazards posed by those processes involving hazardous chemicals.Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) that meet ANSI Z400.1 should beused to help comply with this. Process safety information should consistof at least the following:


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Toxicity information Permissible exposure limits Physical data Reactivity data Corrosivity data Thermal and chemical stability data Hazardous effects of inadvertent mixing of different materials

b) Information concerning the technology of the process typically includesthe following at a minimum: A block flow diagram or simplified process flow diagram Process chemistry Maximum intended inventory Safe upper and lower limits for such items as temperatures, pressures,

flows or compositions An evaluation of the consequences of deviations, including those affecting

the safety and health of employeesc) Information pertaining to the equipment in the process normally

includes the following: Materials of construction Piping and instrument diagrams (P&ID's) Electrical classification Relief system design and design basis Ventilation system design Design codes and standards employed Material and energy balances for processes Safety systems (e.g. interlocks, detection or suppression systems)

d) The owner should document that equipment complies with recognizedand generally accepted good engineering practices. For existing equip-ment designed and constructed in accordance with codes, standards, orpractices that are no longer in general use, the employer should deter-mine and document that the equipment is designed, maintained, inspect-ed, tested, and operating in a safe manner.

4.3.4 Process Hazard Analysis (PHA)A process safety analysis (PHA) is an organized and systematic effort toidentify and analyze the significance of potential hazards associated withthe processing or handling of highly hazardous chemicals. This analysisassists in determining the hazards or potential failure points or failure modesin a process. The findings are used to design and install safety protectionsystems and determine what actions are needed for improving safety inorder to prevent these failures. This information is intended to supplementthe EHS system requirements above.

4.3.5 Operating ProceduresOperating procedures should address all types of operation of equipmentsuch as operating limits and steps required to correct an operational




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deviation from these limits, initial start-up, normal operations, temporaryoperations, emergency operations, emergency shutdown, and start-up aftermaintenance turnaround. Operating procedures should be readily under-standable and accessible to employees and contractors. Operating proce-dures should be reviewed and updated whenever there is an equipment mod-ification or process change and, even if there are no changes, should bereviewed and confirmed annually.

4.3.6 Training of Employees Employees, including maintenance and contractor employees, need to fullyunderstand the safety and health hazards of the chemicals and the processthey work with for the protection for themselves, other employees, andnearby communities. Each employee, before being involved in operating anewly assigned process, should be trained in an overview of the process andin the operating procedures. The training should include emphasis on thespecific safety and health hazards, emergency operations including shut-down, and safe work practices applicable to the employee's job tasks.

4.3.7 Qualification of ContractorsOwners who use contractors to perform work in and around process areasthat involve hazardous chemicals or hydrocarbons should establish a quali-fication process to meet API 2220. The owner should make certain that thecontractor has the appropriate job skills, knowledge, and certifications to dothe work safely. Contractors that perform maintenance or repair, turnaround,major renovation, or for safety and fire protection related work shall haveadequate engineering capabilities and qualified manpower to design, install,test and maintain the equipment and systems they work on and execute allother work requirements competently. Fire protection and detection systemsshall be designed and installed by professional engineering and design per-sonnel who are qualified, experienced, and specialized in fire protection anddetection system design. In addition, the following requirements shall befollowed.a) The owner shall obtain and evaluate information regarding the contrac-

tors safety performance and programs. b) The owner shall inform contractors of the known potential for fire,

explosion, or toxic release hazards they may encounter while working. c) The owner shall explain the applicable actions needed for emergency

evacuation from the area where the contractor will be working. d) The contractor shall assure that each contract employee is trained in the

work practices necessary to safety perform his job, shall instruct eachemployee on the known potential fire, explosion, or toxic hazards relat-ed to his job, and shall assure that the employee follows the safety rulesof the facility he is working in.


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e) In addition, the contractor shall advise the facility owner of any specialjob related hazards, such as radiation hazards from the x-ray of pipewelds, presented by the contractors work.

4.3.8 Pre-startup Safety ReviewThe owner shall perform a pre-startup safety review for new facilities or formodified facilities when an upgrade or modification is significant. The safe-ty review shall confirm, prior to introduction of hazardous chemicals orhydrocarbons to the process, the following:a) Construction and equipment is in accordance with design specifications.b) Adequate safety operating, maintenance and emergency procedures are

in place.c) For new facilities, a process hazard analysis has been performed and

recommendations have been resolved or implemented before startup.d) That the modified facilities meet the requirements of Management of

Change (see 4.3.11).e) Training of the employees who are operating the process is adequate and

has been completed.4.3.9 Mechanical Integrity

Elements of a mechanical integrity program include the training of mainte-nance and inspection personnel, frequent equipment inspections and tests, arecord keeping system where documentation of inspection and test results iskept, establishment of criteria for acceptable test results, identification andcategorization of equipment and instrumentation scheduled for repair basedon this information, and a program of preventive maintenance wherebreakdown maintenance is undesirable or unsafe.

4.3.10 Work Permit ProcessesThe owner should have a work authorization system or permit system inplace for monitoring potentially hazardous tasks such as non-routine repairactivities, repairs involving welding, cutting, and other hot work, or main-tenance requiring confined space entry. Certain work activities shall be con-trolled by a work permit process that meets HCIS Directive SAF-13, WorkPermits, in order to prevent injury, loss of life, or loss of property from fireor explosion as a result of the work.

4.3.11 Management of ChangeFor existing processes and equipment, the owner should assure that anychanges to equipment or process (other than replacement in kind) followsa management of change procedure. Related drawings, operating proce-dures, and maintenance instructions should to be updated whenever achange is made to equipment or process. owners should also establish ameans to detect and control temporary changes in order to apply appropri-ate safety controls where needed to avoid incidents.




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4.3.12 Incident InvestigationThe owner shall establish a system to promptly investigate and documenteach incident which resulted in or could reasonable have resulted in arelease of chemical or hydrocarbon in the workplace, fire, explosion, orother incident that resulted or could have resulted in significant propertydamage, or harm to employees, contractors, or the public. The lessonslearned by the investigation shall be reviewed with all affected personnel,including contractors, whose job related tasks are relevant to the incidentfindings.

4.3.13 Emergency Planning and ResponseThe owner shall establish and implement an emergency response plan withthe provisions found in SAF-20, Pre-Incident Planning and Management ofEmergencies.

4.3.14 Compliance AuditsOwners shall select a individual or assemble a trained team of people toaudit the process safety management system. Owners shall certify that theyhave evaluated compliance with the provisions of the PSM system at leastevery three years. The findings of the audit shall be documented in a writ-ten report that is available for audit by the HCIS upon request. The employ-er shall promptly determine and document an appropriate response for thefindings of the compliance audit. The audit reports shall be retained by theowner for at least ten years.


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SAF-3Plant Buildings








TABLE OF CONTENTS



2 Definitions 33

3 References 34

4 General Requirements 36

5 Control Buildings and BuildingsRequiring Blast-resistance 41

6 Other Requirements for Buildingsin Plants 43




This directive provides the minimum requirements for companies andestablishments that are subject to the supervision of the High Commissionfor Industrial Security (HCIS), Ministry of Interior, for all plant buildings,including but not limited to buildings that contain control rooms, processinstrumentation buildings, communications buildings, electrical substa-tions, operations and maintenance office buildings, maintenance shops,storages buildings, and mosques.

1.2 ApplicationThis directive is applicable to all facilities, including new projects, theexpansion of existing facilities, and upgrades. For application to existingfacilities, the owner shall assess his facilities against the requirements ofthese directives and coordinate with the secretariat of the GeneralSecretariat of the HCIS to comply with the security, safety, and fire protec-tion requirements according to these directives and add to or modify theexisting facilities as required. Where the General Secretariat of the HCIShas assessed deficiencies in existing facilities during a survey, comparingthe current state of the facilities to the requirements of these directives,those identified deficiencies shall be corrected by the owner.

1.3 Conflicts and DeviationsWhere implementation of a requirement is unsuitable or impractical, whereother equivalent company or industry standards and codes are followed, orwhere any conflict exists between this directive and other company stan-dards and codes, the deviations shall be resolved by the General Secretariatof the HCIS. Deviations lower than the requirements of this directive shallbe listed and submitted in a report of non-compliance, with justification andrationale for not following the requirement, and approval shall be receivedfrom the General Secretariat of the HCIS prior to implementation. The doc-uments shall be retained by the company in its permanent engineering files.

2. DefinitionsAPI: American Petroleum Institute, Website: http://api-ec.api.org/ ASCE: American Society of Civil Engineers, Website: http://www.asce.org/ ASHRAE: American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-ConditioningEngineers, Website: http://www.ashrae.org/ Fire-Scenario Envelope: A three-dimensional space into which fire-potentialequipment can release flammable or combustible fluids capable of burning longenough and with enough intensity to cause substantial property damage (see APIPUB 2218).FM: FM Global (Factory Mutual), Website: http://www.fmglobal.com/


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Functionally Significant Building: Building that is required for the continuedoperation and safe shut-down of the plant, such as control room, process interfacebuilding, and substations.Hazardous (Classified) Area: Locations as defined by API RP 500, API 505,NFPA 70, NFPA 497, or NFPA 499 which have the potential of ignitable mixtureswith respect to electrical equipment installations.HCIS: High Commission for Industrial Security, Ministry of Interior.High-Population Building: Any building, such as offices, mosque, cafeteria,training building, medical clinic, or other occupancy that can contain 25 or morepeople at any time.HVAC: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning.ICC: International Code Council (ICC) Website: http://www.iccsafe.org/ Listed: A device that is tested and certified by an independent testing lab to be suit-able for its purpose.Manned Building: Buildings such as control rooms, operations and maintenanceoffice buildings, and maintenance shops where people are expected to be presentto do their jobs on a regular basis.Noncombustible: Material that will not burn or support burning such as concreteor steel.Owner: Person, partnership, or company that has possession of a facility or estab-lishment.Plant: Facilities used to manufacture, process, store, transport, or transfer a mate-rial or substance.Plant Buildings: All buildings that are within the plant property boundary.NFPA: National Fire Protection Association, Website: http://www.nfpa.org/ Shall: Indicates a mandatory requirement.Should: Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required.UL: Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Website: http://www.ul.com/ Unmanned Building: Buildings which are unattended by people under normalcircumstances, such as substations and process interface buildings.

3. ReferencesThis directive adopts the latest edition of the references listed.API RP 500 Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petro-

leum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1, and Division 2API RP 505 Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petro-

leum Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2 API RP 752 Management of Hazards Associated with Location of Process

Plant BuildingsAPI RP 753 Management of Hazards Associated with Location of Process

Plant Portable BuildingsASCE Report Design of Blast Resistant Buildings in Petrochemical FacilitiesASHRAE 15 Safety Standard for Refrigeration Systems




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ASHRAE 52.1 Gravimetric and Dust-Spot Procedures for Testing Air-CleaningDevices Used in General Ventilation for Removing ParticulateMatter

ASHRAE 52.2 Method of Testing General Ventilation Air-Cleaning Devices forRemoval Efficiency by Particle Size

ASHRAE 55 Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human OccupancyASHRAE 62.1 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air QualityASHRAE 62.2 Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise Resi-

dential BuildingsASHRAE 111 Practices for Measurement, Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing of

Building Heating, Ventilation, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigera-tion Systems

FM FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets ICC EC International Electrical CodeICC IBC International Building CodeICC IEBC International Existing Building CodeICC IECC International Energy Conservation CodeICC IFC International Fire Code ICC IMC International Mechanical CodeICC IPC International Plumbing CodeICC IPSDC International Private Sewage Disposal CodeICC IRC International Residential CodeNFPA 1 Uniform Fire CodeNFPA 10 Portable Fire ExtinguishersNFPA 13 Installation of Sprinkler SystemsNFPA 45 Fire Protection for Laboratories Using ChemicalsNFPA 70 National Electrical CodeNFPA 72 National Fire Alarm CodeNFPA 75 Protection of Information Technology EquipmentNFPA 76 Telecommunications FacilitiesNFPA 80 Fire Doors and Other Opening ProtectivesNFPA 90A Installation of Air-Conditioning and Ventilating SystemsNFPA 101 Life Safety CodeNFPA 221 High Challenge Fire Walls, Fire Walls, and Fire Barrier WallsNFPA 251 Fire Tests of Building Construction and MaterialsNFPA 255 Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials NFPA 497 Classification of Flammable Liquids, Gases, or Vapors and of

Hazardous (Classified) Locations for Electrical Installations inChemical Process Areas

NFPA 499 Classification of Combustible Dusts and of Hazardous (Class-ified) Locations for Electrical Installations in Chemical ProcessAreas


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NFPA 2001 Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing SystemsNFPA 5000 Building Construction and Safety Code

4. General Requirements4.1 Building Location4.1.1 Plant buildings, whether permanent or portable, shall be located in areas that

will minimize exposure to potential external fire, vapor cloud explosion(VCE), or toxic gas hazard. Plant buildings shall include risk-reductiondesign measures to minimize the remaining unacceptable consequences,whether to people or critical equipment. Follow API RP 752 for location ofpermanent buildings and API RP 753 for locating portable buildings. Referto Section 5 of this directive for more details.

4.1.2 At a minimum, the distance between buildings and nearest equipment orstructure shall not be less that the spacing requirements in directive SAF-6,Plant Layout, Spacing and Access. However, SAF-6 does not provide spac-ing that would protect against explosions, jet fires, flare hazards, or toxicgas hazards. It is the owner's responsibility to assess the spacing of equip-ment and buildings due to these hazards by following API RP 752.

4.1.3 Construction camps, apartment buildings and other residential buildingsshall be located outside and a safe distance away from process plants andother facilities.

4.1.4 Buildings Housing Sensitive or Vital EquipmentBuildings that are in an unsecured location, i.e. outside the plant perimetersecurity fence and that are housing sensitive or vital equipment shall meetSecurity Directive SEC-5, Integrated Security System.

4.2 Fire Resistant Construction4.2.1 Plant buildings shall be constructed of noncombustible materials, such as

concrete, masonry, and steel.4.2.2 All interior finishing materials and furniture shall be made of noncom-

bustible material; however, if noncombustible finishing materials are notavailable, then the alternative materials used shall be of a limited fire-spreadindex rating of 25 or less according to NFPA 255.

4.2.3 Rooms in functionally significant buildings that serve an important functionfor plant operation, such as computer rooms, data transmission rooms, pro-cessing rooms, store rooms, control rooms, communication rooms, batteryrooms, and mechanical rooms, shall be subdivided by two-hour fire ratedwalls from rooms that serve different functions, such as offices.

4.2.4 Doors and windows that penetrate fire walls or on the exterior of a buildingshall be fire rated and shall be labeled with its rating of fire resistance. Thedoors and windows shall identify the agency that certified the design. Fire




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rated doors and windows shall meet NFPA 80. a) Fire protection rating of a fire door presumes that the door is installed

with the appropriate frame, hardware, and other accessories required byNFPA 80.

b) Fire rated doors shall be self-closing or automatic closing, i.e. an elec-tro-magnetic device may be used to hold interior fire doors open pro-vided that they are installed on a self-closing door and allow the door toclose in case of fire alarm activation.

c) Fire rated windows shall either be of a fixed type or be automatic clos-ing.

d) Doors designated as security doors to buildings housing sensitive orvital equipment or to perimeter fences or other control of access areasshall be constructed to meet the appropriate security directive. However,all doors shall also meet the following safety requirements:

1) The number of doors shall meet the safety requirements of NFPA101.

2) Doors designated as emergency exits shall meet the specifications ofNFPA 101 for safe egress. Security measures shall not prevent safeegress from occupied buildings.

4.2.5 A HVAC duct penetrating a two-hour fire resistant wall required in 4.2.3shall be provided with a fire rated automatic smoke and fire damper to stopsmoke and fire from spreading throughout the building. The rating of theautomatic damper for the air duct shall be consistent with the fire rating ofthe wall, floor, or ceiling that is penetrated.

4.2.6 Roofing systems shall be fire-resistive, meeting at least UnderwritersLaboratories (UL) class A or B or Factory Mutual (FM) class 1 or 2 rating.

4.2.7 Where instrument or electrical cables penetrate fire walls and partitions, thewall openings shall be sealed with system that is designed to prevent pas-sage of water, fire and smoke. All through-penetration protection systemsshall be tested and rated as specified in NFPA 221.

4.2.8 Management of hazards to reduce risk of plant portable buildings due toexplosion, fire, and toxic release hazards shall meet API RP 753. Specificportable building siting guidelines and procedures for managing changeshall be developed for use and location of portable buildings.

4.3 Access and Egress4.3.1 Building design shall comply with the requirements of NFPA 101 including

minimum size and number of fire exits, emergency lights, and exit signs. 4.3.2 Exits shall be clearly marked so that they are identifiable as exits. Access to

exits shall be marked by readily visible signs where the exit or a pathway toreach the exit is not readily apparent to the occupants.


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4.3.3 There shall be at least two (2) means of egress from any building, room, orspace except as specifically allowed in NFPA 101. Travel distance to anymeans of egress shall not exceed the specified distance required by NFPA101 for each type of occupancy.

4.3.4 Illumination of the means of egress (floors and stairs) shall be not less than108 lux (10 foot-candles), measured at the walking surfaces.

4.3.5 During a power outage, emergency egress illumination shall be provided forat least 1-1/2 hours where illumination shall be on average no less than 10.8lux (1.0 foot-candle), permitted to decline to not less than 6.5 lux (0.06 foot-candles). Emergency lighting systems shall be supplied from storage batter-ies or an on-site generator set and the system shall be installed in accordancewith the requirements of NFPA 70.Exception: Normal and emergency egress illumination is not requiredwhere the purpose of the industrial occupancy does not require routinehuman habitation or where the structure is occupied only during daylighthours and skylights or windows provide the required level of illumination.

4.3.6 Building exits shall face away from equipment handling hazardous materi-al, if possible.

4.3.7 Emergency egress doors shall be provided with door opening hardware thatis designed for both fire and panic protection (the door shall be opened bypushing on a panic bar to exit or is designed so that the door or windowreadily opens outward when pushed). The doors shall be operable from theinside without the use of a key or tool.

4.3.8 Exterior doors and all interior doors penetrating fire walls (fire door) shallbe equipped with automatic, quick-acting, adjustable door closers. Thedoors shall be kept closed and sign-posted to inform all workers to keep thedoors closed.

4.3.9 Fire exit doors shall not be locked in a way that would prevent immediateexit if any persons are inside the room or building.

4.4 Fire Detection and Protection4.4.1 The fire detection, alarm and fire protection systems shall be fully commis-

sioned and tested before a building is occupied.4.4.2 All functionally significant plant buildings such as control rooms, process

interface buildings, substations or any other buildings which are critical tothe continued operation of the plant shall be provided with a fire alarm sys-tem designed according to NFPA 72. Fire detection and alarm systems (firepanels, initiating and end devices, and associated equipment) shall be of theaddressable type, i.e. each component can be individually identifiable at thefire panel.a) Fire alarms systems shall be provided with at least two independent and




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reliable power supplies, one primary and one standby.b) The primary power supply shall have a high degree of reliability. The

secondary power supply (e.g. emergency generation and/or battery)shall be of sufficient capacity to operate the system for 24 hours to meetNFPA 72. The installation of all power supplies to the system shall meetNFPA 70 and NFPA 72.

4.4.3 Detectors shall be installed above suspended ceilings and below raisedfloors of control buildings, computer centers, data processing centers, andtelecommunications facilities where required to meet NFPA 75 or NFPA 76.

4.4.4 Activation of the building fire detection/alarm system for buildings shallproduce audible and visible alarms that can be observed from inside thebuilding, outside the building, and at a permanently manned location, suchas control room or fire station.

4.4.5 Buildings shall be provided with the numbers and types of fire extinguish-ers suitable for the hazards to meet the requirements of NFPA 10.a) Fire extinguishers shall be located where readily accessible in the event

of a fire. b) They shall be located along a normal path of travel and at exits from

areas.

c) Portable fire extinguishers shall be installed on a hanger or bracket sup-plied or placed in cabinets or wall recesses that are clearly identified tocontain a fire extinguisher.

d) Portable extinguishers shall be maintained in a fully charged and oper-able condition. They shall be kept in their designated places at all timeswhen they are not being used.

e) Type and size of portable fire extinguishers shall be based on the typesof hazards presented by the use of the building.

f) Distribution of fire extinguishers in buildings shall depend on the typeof hazard and coverage requirement in NFPA 10. Travel distance to afire extinguisher be consistent with the type of hazard, e.g. no more than23 meters for a class A hazard or 15 meters for a class B hazard. Referto NFPA 10 for more details.

4.4.6 The need for a sprinkler system or other automatic fire extinguishing sys-tem shall be determined by the owner based on best international fire pro-tection practices to protect life and property as specified below: a) At a minimum, fire detection and protection systems shall be installed

where required by the IBC and its associated fire code, the IFC; NFPA5000 and its associated fire code, NFPA 1; or the applicable SaudiBuilding Code.

b) The design of fire protection systems shall comply with the appropriateNFPA Standard, such as NFPA 13 for sprinkler systems and NFPA 2001for clean agent fire extinguishing systems.


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4.4.7 Fixed carbon dioxide (CO2) fire protection systems shall not be used formanned buildings.

4.4.8 Fire protection shall be provided according to the SAF-4, Fire ProtectionSystems.

4.4.9 Fire protection for storage buildings shall comply with NFPA 13.4.4.10 Fire detection, protection, and fire prevention procedures for laboratories

shall comply with NFPA 45.4.4.1 Fire protection of computer rooms, communication equipment rooms, and

plant control rooms shall comply with NFPA 75 and NFPA 76 where loss offunction of computer and telecommunications equipment and data willimpact life safety, process plant safety, or where third parties are criticallyaffected.

4.4.12 Control rooms, including all subfloor spaces, and areas above false ceilingsshall be monitored by installing an early warning fire detection (EWFD)smoke detection system that meets NFPA 76.

4.5 Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Systems4.5.1 The building shall be maintained under positive pressure if the electrical

area classification indicates building pressurization is needed. Hazardous(classified) locations are defined in NFPA 70, Chapter 5, Special Occupan-cies and Directive SAF-12, Electrical Safety.

4.5.2 The need for combustible gas and toxic gas detectors in the air inlet to abuilding HVAC system shall be determined by the potential for the buildingbeing impacted by these hazards.

4.5.3 Air intake of a pressurized building shall be located in a non-classified area.4.5.4 The HVAC system controller shall be powered from the plant emergency

power supply or, if emergency power is not available, the most reliablepower supply that is available.

4.5.5 The air intake damper to the HVAC shall automatically close upon detectionof combustible gas, toxic gas, or smoke in the air.

4.5.6 The air damper shall fail safe, e.g. close upon loss of power to protect thebuilding occupants.

4.5.7 Fire protection of the air duct system and all other aspects of installation ofan air-conditioning and ventilation system shall meet NFPA 90A.

4.6 Combustible materials contained inside the rooms due to normal use shallbe minimized in functionally significant buildings. Necessary books anddrawings used during work shall be stored in closed metal cabinets anddesks as much as possible.

4.7 First aid kits shall be provided in manned buildings. The owner shall pro-vide employees with the training needed to use the first aid kits effectively.




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4.8 Storage of flammable liquids shall be either outdoors in a dedicated locationor in dedicated metal cabinets or noncombustible buildings that are specifi-cally designed for flammable liquid storage to meet NFPA 30 and the IBC.

5. Control Buildings and Other Buildings Requiring Blast-resistance5.1 Control buildings, multiple-occupancy buildings that contain control rooms,

and other functionally significant buildings that are identified by the ownerto require equivalent protection in refineries, petrochemical plants, andother types of facilities that produce, process, or store flammable, toxic, orexplosive substances, shall be located to minimize exposure to fire, explo-sion or release of hazardous materials (see Section 4.1, above). When nec-essary, they shall be made blast resistant to the extent needed to prevent col-lapse due to overpressure from a vapor cloud explosion if one were to occurfrom a plant-related incident.

5.2 While the spacing and design of the control building should be guided bythe principles of API 752, the minimum spacing between a control building(or building that contains a control room) and vessels, tanks, or otherprocess equipment handling combustible, flammable, toxic, or explosivematerials shall be 30 meters.

5.3 The control building shall be designed to prevent the entry of combustible,flammable, or toxic liquids, gases or vapors.

5.4 Control buildings located inside of a plant shall be single-story and withoutwindows.Exceptions: In plants where there is no explosion hazard, 5.4 does notapply. Where the windows are specially designed to withstand the over-pressure should an explosion occur, windows are allowed.

5.5 Control buildings shall be blast-resistant to the extent needed to prevent col-lapse from a plant-related incident. Simulation of the resultant overpressureand suction overpressure from a potential plant related explosion shall bedone using a registered or chartered professional engineer from an engi-neering firm that specializes in such simulation. The results shall be used forthe basis of structural design by a professional engineering firm.

5.5.1 The simulation shall be used to select blast overpressure and duration(impulse) for the structural design basis.

5.5.2 The simulation shall take into account existing process equipment andfuture plant expansion equipment that is likely to be installed.

5.5.3 Rebound effects shall be computed and combined with the effects of nega-tive phase loads, if any, based on the time dependent response.

5.6 Design of blast-resistant buildings shall be accomplished by a registered orchartered professional engineer that is experienced in blast-resistant struc-tural design. The design engineer shall design the structure in accordance


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with the building performance requirements to withstand overpressure andsuction overpressure. The design shall be consistent with the provisions ofthe ASCE report on design of blast resistant buildings in petrochemicalfacilities or equivalent measures and procedures on how to design suchbuildings.

5.6.1 The engineer shall use dynamic (not static) analysis and design methodsappropriate for the specific blast design. The selected methods shall ade-quately model the dynamic response of the structure to the applied blastloads and the structural component interaction.

5.6.2 The required resistance for each structural component shall be based on thepeak blast pressure (or load) and duration, the natural period of the compo-nent, and the maximum allowable response (deformation).

5.6.3 Wind and seismic loads need not be combined with blast loading.5.6.4 Brittle construction, including unreinforced concrete, prestressed concrete,

unreinforced masonry (block, brick, clay tile), poured gypsum, and cement-asbestos panels, shall not be used for load carrying components of blastresistant buildings.

5.6.5 Walls shall be reinforced concrete of load-bearing type designed to resistbending and transmit horizontal shear. Precast concrete panels may be usedbut shall be either mechanically anchored to cast-in-place reinforced con-crete columns or provided with built-in, load transmitting anchors.Reinforced concrete or fully-grouted reinforced masonry of appropriatestrength and thickness shall be used as cladding for fragment resistance.

5.6.6 Reinforced concrete components shall be designed, using ultimate strengthmethods, in accordance with the provisions of the ASCE report. In-planeand secondary bending stresses shall be accounted for in the design.Interaction of forces in two directions, including biaxial bending, shall beconsidered.

5.6.7 Components shall be adequately laterally braced to prevent premature buck-ling failure during the positive and rebound response.

5.6.8 Connections shall be designed for at least 120% of the member's controllingresistance (flexure or shear, whichever is lower).

5.6.9 Design for compression elements, such as load-bearing walls and exteriorcolumns, should consider secondary bending effects.

5.7 No combustible, flammable, or toxic material piping shall be piped into orthrough the control building.

5.8 No process or material handling equipment, pressure vessels, storage tanks,or piping containing combustible, flammable, or toxic materials shall belocated above or under a control room or building.

5.9 Offices, dining areas, and other types of rooms in the control building shall




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be limited to what is needed for the plant to function properly. Non-essen-tial offices, dining and recreational rooms shall be separate from the controlbuilding and located in a safe location (see 4.1.3).

5.10 Exterior doors shall face away from process areas whenever possible. 5.10.1 All exterior doors, including equipment access double doors, shall meet the

blast resistance requirements of the structural walls of the building.Manufacturers shall certify that blast resistant doors are designed to with-stand the intended blast loading. The doors shall be marked with the manu-facturers name and rating information.

5.10.2 External frames for blast resistant doors shall be set in grooves or anchoredon all sides to prevent doors and frames from being blown into the buildingin the event of an explosion. Exterior doors shall open outwards and beequipped with automatic door closers. The doors shall be kept closed andsign-posted to inform workers to keep the doors closed at all times.

5.11 The parts of the ventilation and air conditioning equipment that are neces-sarily external to the building shall be shielded or otherwise designed to sur-vive any anticipated blast effects.

5.11.1 The fan inlet ducting shall be elevated, be free of leaks, and be protectedfrom mechanical damage and corrosion to prevent ingress of flammable ortoxic vapors or gases.

5.11.2 Inlet duct openings shall be minimized, arranged to be shielded from directblast, and prevent pressure on the top surfaces of suspended ceilings.

5.11.3 External louvers, their frames, and associated components shall be capableof withstanding design blast over-pressures.

5.12 Sanitary sewer and water supply systems shall be connected to the controlroom in such a way to prevent the possibility of damage to those utilities ifan explosion were to occur. The sanitary sewer shall not be connected to theindustrial drain system from the plant. All design shall take into considera-tion the prevention of the ingress of flammable or toxic materials into thebuilding.

6. Other Requirements for Buildings in Plants6.1 External doors shall have dust proof/air stop weather strips.6.2 Glass panels shall not be used in exterior doors of plant buildings.

6.3 Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)6.3.1 Plant buildings shall be designed with a heating, ventilation and air condi-

tioning systems that meet the International Mechanical Code (IMC) and theapplicable ASHRAE standards for heating, refrigerating, and air-condition-ing.


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6.3.2 Ducting shall be of non-combustible materials. Ducts that are expected tobe below the dew point temperature shall be insulated on their exterior toprevent condensation on the exposed surface and within the insulating mate-rial.

6.3.3 Air intake of a pressurized building shall be located in a nonclassified areaas defined by NFPA 70, free from smoke, flammable, and toxic vapors orgases, and any other foreign matter. In plants where petroleum or chemicalproducts are being processed, flammable and/or toxic gas detectors shall beprovided at the air intake, depending on the hazard. The detectors shallalarm in case of detection.a) Filtering shall be provided to prevent entry of contaminates and any

other foreign matter. Filtering devices shall meet the applicable require-ments of ASHRAE Standards 52.1 or 52.2.

b) Air quality inside the building shall meet the applicable requirements ofASHRAE Standards 62.1, and 62.2 (also see Section 5.12 below).

6.3.4 The building ventilation system shall be designed to control fresh air supplyand provide air intake shutdown/internal air recycle capability to prevent theingress of smoke, flammable, and toxic vapors or gases where the potentialof such hazards exist.

6.3.5 Air-handling units providing building pressurization shall be provided with100% standby units that are powered by separate power sources.

6.3.6 Building pressurization shall be monitored by a differential pressure gaugeand switch connected between the inside and outside of the building. Lossof building pressurization shall alarm at the nearest control room.

6.3.7 The ventilation and air conditioning equipment system shall be designed toprevent the entry of flammable vapors or gases in accordance with theapplicable NFPA 496.

6.3.8 Any room/building requiring pressurization shall be designed to withstandan internal pressure of no less than 6.5 millimeter water gauge (0.25 inchwater gauge).

6.3.9 The ventilation and air conditioning system for buildings requiring pressur-ization shall maintain an internal building positive pressure of at least 2.5millimeter water gauge (0.1 inch water gauge) with all doors and otheropenings closed. a) The system shall be capable of providing a minimum outward velocity

of 0.30 m/sec (60 ft/min) through all openings. All doors capable ofbeing opened, except equipment doors that are used infrequently, shallbe considered open. An allowance for other openings shall be included.An alarm shall activate at the control room upon loss of pressurizationbelow this 2.5 mm water gauge.

b) Outside air flow rate available for building pressurization equal to not




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less than two (2) air changes per hour of the total pressurized space withdoors closed. The design pressure shall be 6.5 millimeter water gauge(0.25 inch water).

6.3.10 Interior dry bulb design temperature shall be 22 C (75 F), 50% relativehumidity with the outside conditions based on recognized local design con-ditions. a) The thermal environmental conditions shall meet ASHRAE 55. HVAC

systems shall be capable of maintaining dry bulb temperature and rela-tive humidity (if applicable) within the performance range given inTable 1, ASHRAE 55, unless stricter indoor design conditions arerequired.

b) The number of doors and other penetrations shall be minimized so thatpositive pressure can be maintained, while at the same time, the numberof doors shall be adequate for safe exit per NFPA 101. The system shallbe tested and balanced to meet ASHRAE STD 111.

c) Devices to read and indicate temperature, relative humidity, and theindoor/outdoor differential pressure shall be installed in the controlroom.

d) Air lock type entries are required to entrances normally used by person-nel. Air locks are not required for large doors used infrequently to bringin large equipment.

6.3.11 Ventilation and air conditioning equipment located in hazardous (classified)areas shall meet the requirements of NFPA 70.

6.3.12 Air-conditioning and refrigeration installations shall meet the safetyrequirements of ASHRAE Standard 15.

6.4 Maximum allowable noise levels inside the an occupied room in a plantbuilding, such as a control room, shall be 55 decibels to be achieved with-out hearing protection for the occupants.

6.5 A fire detection and alarm system shall be installed that will monitor for fireand/ or smoke in all rooms adjacent to the control room.

6.6 Two-hour fire-resistant separation shall separate control rooms from otherareas such as communications rooms, rack rooms, process interface equip-ment rooms, computer rooms, store rooms, kitchens, toilets, mechanicalrooms, electrical switchgear rooms, laboratories, workshops, and offices.The two-hour fire-resistant separation shall be of materials or assembliesthat have withstood a fire test exposure per NFPA 251.

6.7 Fixed fire protection shall meet the requirements of NFPA 75 for controlrooms and multiple occupancy buildings that contain control rooms.

6.8 If a raised access, modular type computer floor is used, the floor compo-nents shall meet the fire-resistant requirements of the IFC or NFPA 1. a) Smoke detectors shall be provided at internals under the floor that meet


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NFPA 72. b) Ventilation under the floor shall be adequate to meet the requirements of

the wiring and other components.6.9 Electrical power feed and communications cables to control buildings shall

be underground to the extent possible to protect them from mechanical dam-age during a fire or explosion.a) All cables or conduits entering the building shall be from underground.b) Underground cable and conduit systems shall be designed for under-

ground service. c) The cable entry points shall be designed and sealed in such a way as to

protect against any potential overpressure effects and to prevent theentry of fire, flammable gas or vapor, liquid chemicals, hydrocarbons,water, insects, or rodents.

6.10 Emergency power systems shall be provided for emergency lighting, build-ing pressurization systems, power to control systems, and communications.




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SAF-4Fire Protection Systems








TABLE OF CONTENTS





2 Definitions 51

3 References 52

4 General Requirements 534.1 Fire Protection Codes 534.2 Fire Detection and Alarm 534.3 Sprinkler Systems 544.4 Portable Fire Extinguishers 544.5 Qualifications of Designers 544.6 Access and Supply 544.7 Fire Hydrants 554.8 Water Mains and Branches 564.9 Post Indicating Valves (PIV) 584.10 Water Pumps 584.11 Specialized Applications 594.12 Warehouse and Storage Areas 61Table 1 Environmental Properties of

Halon 1301, Novec 1230, and FM-200 60Figure 1 Example of a typical Carbon

Dioxide Warning Sign. 61


This directive provides the minimum requirements for companies andestablishments that are subject to the supervision of the High Commissionfor Industrial Security (HCIS), Ministry of Interior, for fire protection sys-tems, including fire detection and alarm, extinguishing, and firefighting sys-tems.

1.2 ApplicationThis directive is applicable to all facilities, including new projects, theexpansion of existing facilities, and upgrades. For application to existingfacilities, the owner shall assess his facilities against the requirements ofthese directives and coordinate with the secretariat of the GeneralSecretariat of the HCIS to comply with the security, safety, and fire protec-tion requirements according to these directives and add to or modify theexisting facilities as required. Where the General Secretariat of the HCIShas assessed deficiencies in existing facilities during a survey, comparingthe current state of the facilities to the requirements of these directives,those identified deficiencies shall be corrected by the owner.

1.3 Conflicts and DeviationsWhere implementation of a requirement is unsuitable or impractical, whereother equivalent company or industry standards and codes are followed, orwhere any conflict exists between this directive and other company stan-dards and codes, the deviations shall be resolved by the General Secretariatof the HCIS. Deviations lower than the requirements of this directive shallbe listed and submitted in a report of non-compliance, with justification andrationale for not following the requirement, and approval shall be receivedfrom the General Secretariat of the HCIS prior to implementation. The doc-uments shall be retained by the company in

Attachment 7 HCSI SAF

Documents

Transcript of Attachment 7 HCSI SAF