Atoms, Elements, & the Periodic Table Earth Science Intro Unit.

Atoms, Elements, & the Periodic TableEarth Science Intro Unit

What is an Atom?1. Atom is the Smallest particle

into which an element can be divided and still be the same element

2. Building blocks of matter.• Make up everything around

you.• Individual atoms are too small

to be seen.• 1 penny is made up of 2 x 1022

atoms.– 20,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

atoms

I will be able to describe and identify the parts that make up an atom.

What makes up an Atom?• Parts of the Atom

NUCLEUS– small dense center of the atom.

• Contains:– Protons (+)– Neutrons (neutral)


What is makes up an Atom?• Parts of the Atom

Electron-1. Smallest Subatomic particle2. Negative charge 3. Found orbiting in the

electron cloud outside the nucleus.


_


Proton- 1. Subatomic particle found

in the nucleus of an atom.

2. Positive charge.


+


Neutron- 1.Subatomic particle found

in the nucleus of an atom.

2.Neutral charge.


n

What makes up an Element?• Element– A substance made

of a single kind of atom.

I will be able to describe what an Element is and how to use the Periodic Table.

AlAluminum

HeHelium

CCarbon

NNitrogen

OOxygen

NeNeon

NaSodium

SiSilcon

ArArgon

CaCalcium

FeIron

AuGold

MgMagnesium

HHydrogen

What is the Periodic Table?• Periodic Table


Chlorine

35.45

17

ClAtomic number

Element Name

Chemical Symbol

Atomic Mass

•Indicates the number of protons and electrons.

•Round to the nearest whole number ( .5 or greater goes up)

What is the Periodic Table?• Periodic Table– A table created by Mendeleev

• Arranges the elements according to their atomic numbers


I will be able to use the info displayed on the periodic table to determine characteristics of the elements.

Chlorine

35.45

17

ClAtomic #

Atomic Mass(round this number to the

nearest whole number)

# Protons = Atomic Number

# Neutrons = Atomic Mass - Atomic Number

# Electrons = Atomic Number

What is The Periodic Table?• Periodic Table


Compounds, Mixtures and SolutionsEarth Science Intro Unit

What is a Compound?• Compounds– a substance made up of

different kinds of atoms chemically combined.• Ex. NaCl – salt (table salt)

– Na= sodium ; a solid that explodes when it comes in contact with any form of water

– Cl= Clorine; a poisonous gas

I will be able to define and describe the differences between compounds and mixtures.

What is a Mixture?• Mixtures– two or more substances

that are combined physically not chemically

– Made of many different kinds of particles that can usually be separated.

– Examples: trail mix and oatmeal with strawberries


What are the two types of mixtures?1.Homogeneous –

substances in the mixture are evenly spread out.

• Uniform composition• Air• Corn Oil• Vinegar• Solutions- salt water• Solutions – sugar water


What are the two types of mixtures?2. Heterogeneous – a mixture that

does not have uniform (or the same) composition• Rocks- made up of minerals

in different proportions.• Sand at the beach.

• Vinegar and Oil


What is a Solution?• Solutions– Special kind of mixture called

homogeneous mixture– One substance is dissolved in

another substanceExamples: • Salt dissolved in water,• Coffee• Tea

I will be able to define and describe what a solution is.

Atoms, Elements, & the Periodic Table Earth Science Intro Unit.

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Transcript of Atoms, Elements, & the Periodic Table Earth Science Intro Unit.