Atomic Structure. The structure of the atom ELECTRON – negative, mass nearly nothing PROTON –...
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Transcript of Atomic Structure. The structure of the atom ELECTRON – negative, mass nearly nothing PROTON –...
![Page 1: Atomic Structure. The structure of the atom ELECTRON – negative, mass nearly nothing PROTON – positive, same mass as neutron (“1”) NEUTRON – neutral,](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649f455503460f94c66ba2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Atomic Structure
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The structure of the atom
ELECTRON – negative,
mass nearly nothingPROTON –
positive, same mass as neutron
(“1”)
NEUTRON – neutral,
same mass as proton
(“1”)
The Ancient Greeks used to believe that everything was made up of very small
particles. I did some experiments in 1808 that proved this and called these particles
ATOMS:
Dalton
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Mass and atomic numberParticle Relative Mass Relative Charge
Proton 1 1
Neutron 1 0
Electron 0 -1
MASS NUMBER = number of protons + number of neutrons
SYMBOL
PROTON NUMBER = number of protons (obviously)
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The Atom
Nucleus Electron
Shell or Orbit
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The Atom Hydrogen
Proton Electron
Hydrogen has one proton, one electron and NO neutrons
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The Atom Helium
ElectronProton
Neutron
Helium has two electrons, two protons and two neutrons
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The Atom Helium
ElectronProton
Neutron
Helium has two electrons, two protons and two neutrons
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The Atom Lithium
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
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The Atom Beryllium
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Beryllium has four electrons, four protons and five neutrons.
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The Atom Boron
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Boron has five electrons, five protons and six neutrons.
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The Atom Carbon
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Carbon has six electrons, six protons and six neutrons.
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The Atom Nitrogen
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Nitrogen has seven electrons, seven protons and seven neutrons.
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The Atom Oxygen
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Oxygen has eight electrons, eight protons and eight neutrons.
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The Atom Fluorine
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Fluorine has nine electrons, nine protons and ten neutrons.
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The Atom Neon
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Neon has ten electrons, ten protons and ten neutrons.
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The Atom Sodium
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Sodium has eleven electrons, eleven protons and twelve neutrons.
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HELIUM ATOM
+N
N
+-
-
proton
electron
neutron
Shell
What do these particles consist of?
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How many protons, neutrons and electrons?
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Ionic and Sub Atomic Particles
CATION
+1 lose 1 electron in its outer shell
Ion = atom or group of atoms who gain or lose electron(s)
Number of proton = 11Number of electron = 11 – 1 = 10Number of neutron = 23 – 11 = 12
+2 lose 2 electrons in its outer shell Number of proton = 12Number of electron = 12 – 2 = 10Number of neutron = 24 – 12 = 12
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Ionic and Sub Atomic Particles
ANION
-2 gain 2 electron in its outer shell Number of proton = 8
Number of electron = 8 + 2 = 10Number of neutron = 16 – 8 = 8
-1 gain 1 electrons in its outer shell Number of proton = 17
Number of electron = 17 + 1 = 18Number of neutron = 35 – 17 = 18
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ISOTOPES
p = 1 n = 0 e = 1 p = 1 n = 1 e = 1 p = 1 n = 2 e = 1
Isotopes = same number of protons different number of neutrons
= same AN; different MN
Hydrogen Deuterium Tritium
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ISOBARS
p = 1 n = 2 e = 1 p = 2 n = 1 e = 2
Isobars = same mass number (p + n)
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ISOTONES
p = 1 n = 2 e = 1 p = 2 n = 2 e = 2
Isotones = same number of neutrons
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K39
19Cl
39
17and
P30
15S
31
16and
1.
2.
N15
7O
17
8and
3.
F19
9Ne
20
10and
4.
B10
5B
11
5and
5.
Ag105
47Cd
106
48and
6.
Determine these following pairs of atoms as isotope, isobar or isotone!
isobar
isotope
isotone
isotone
isotone isotone
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Go To Worksheet