Atomic Structure

History of Atom

It was the Greek philosopher Democritus (1460-370 BCE), who had a thought in his mind for first time ever in history  that if we start breaking any matter in small particles continually, there will come a point from where it will not be possible to break it further into smaller particle. i.e. matter cannot be infinitely divided. 

But the theory of Democritus was rejected by two other well-known and more popular Greek Philosophers Aristotle and Plato. According to them matter was made up of four elements, air, water, fire and earth. It was only after 2000 years that someone supported the theory of Democritus. Name of that person was John Dalton. He proposed a theory known as Dalton’s atomic theory.

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

The various topics that form a part of atomic structure include:

Sub-atomic Particles

Atomic models

Dual nature of Matter

Photoelectric Effect

Electromagnetic Radiations

Quantum Mechanical Model of Atoms

Electronic Configuration

Discovery of Electron Proton and Neutron

You can get details explanation for these subtopics on the study material page of atomic structure.

 Important Formulas

Atomic Models

How important is atomic structure for exams? Atomic structure is a very important and comparatively easy to

score topic. Weightage of this chapter in IIT JEE, AIPMT and CBSE is about 2%, 3% and 8% of the total marks respectively.

What are the best books for the preparation of Atomic Structure?

Some of the books which are considered to be best for preparation of this section are:

J.D Lee

O.P Tondon

NCERT Text book

NCERT text books are one of the best books for preparing

any topic of chemistry for CBSE and AIPMT. For IIT JEE one should refer to other books like J.D Lee and O.P Tondon also.

How to Prepare Atomic Structure for IIT JEE?

First of all study this chapter from NCERT Text book. Read the chapter number of times and try to understand each and every concept clearly.

Take help of animation and videos which you will find easily on web, to understand the atomic models, photoelectric effect and other related topics. It is very important to have a clear picture of experimental setup and observations in your mind

Once you get all the concepts of chapter, move to the numeric problems.

Start with the solved examples given in the book and slowly move to the unsolved ones.

Once you solve all the questions given in NCERT Text book, you can move to the other books also and try to solve more problems given there.

After finishing the NCERT Text book, you can try J.D Lee and O.P Tondon also to gain in depth knowledge of the chapter.

Look into the previous year question papers for the questions related to the atomic structure and try to solve them all.

You will find that most of the numeric problems are from Behr’s atomic theory and hydrogen spectrum. These two topics are very important by exam. Try to solve as much questions as possible from these two topics.

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