ATM Machine

Introduction

A automated teller machine (ATM) or the automatic banking machine (ABM) is a computerised telecommunications device that provides the clients of a financial institution with access to financial transactions in a public space without the need for a cashier, human clerk or bank teller. On most modern ATMs, the customer is identified by inserting a plastic ATM card with a magnetic stripe or a plastic smart card with a chip, that contains a unique card number and some security information such as an expiration date . Authentication is provided by the customer entering a personal identification number (PIN)

Using an ATM, customers can access their bank accounts

1. To make cash withdrawals

2. Check their account balances

3. exchange rate for foreign travellers.

Example- If the currency being withdrawn from the ATM is different from that which the bank account is denominated in (e.g.: Withdrawing Japanese Yen from a bank account containing US Dollars), the money will be converted at a wholesale exchange rate. Thus, ATMs often provide the best possible exchange rate for foreign travellers and are heavily used for this purpose as well.

History

An old ATM

The idea of self-service in retail banking developed through independent and simultaneous efforts in Japan, Sweden, the United States and the United Kingdom.

In the USA Luther George Simjian was developed the first cash dispenser machine in June -30 -1960 . The roll out of this machine, called Bankograph, was delayed a couple of years.

An exprimental Bankograph was installed in New York city in 1961

by the City Bank Of New York .

A first Cash dispensing device was used in 1966 in Tokyo.

ATM first used in December 1972 in UK. Which is designed by IBM2984.

Other names for ATM machine

1. Automated Transaction Machine

2. Automated banking machine

3. cash point (in Britain),

4. money machine

5. bank machine,

6. cash machine

7. hole-in-the-wall, Bancomat (in various countries in Europe and Russia)

8. Multibanco( in Portugal)

9. Any Time Money (in India).

Locations

Locations means where ATM machines are placed

1.Near or inside the premises of banks

2. shopping centers/malls

3.Airports

4.Grocery stores

5. Petrol/gas stations

6.Restaurants

7.Any place large numbers of people may gather

Hardware

• An ATM is the typically made up of the following devices:• CPU (to control the user interface and transaction devices)• Magnetic and/or Chip card reader (to identify the customer)• PIN Pad (similar in layout to a Touch tone or Calculator

keypad), often manufactured as part of a secure enclosure.• Secure cryptoprocessor, generally within a secure enclosure.• Display (used by the customer for performing the transaction)• Function key buttons (usually close to the display) or a

Touchscreen (used to select the various aspects of the transaction)

• Record Printer (to provide the customer with a record of their transaction)

• Vault (to store the parts of the machinery requiring restricted access)

• Housing (for aesthetics and to attach signage to)

Software

• With the hardware, standard commercial operating systems and programming environments can be used inside of ATMs.

• Typical platforms previously used in ATM development include RMX or OS/2. Today the vast majority of ATMs worldwide use a Microsoft OS, primarily Windows XP Professional or Windows XP Embedded. A small number of deployments may still be running older versions such as Windows NT, Windows CE or Windows 2000. Notably, Vista was not widely adopted in ATMs.

How ATM Machine WorksProcess for withdraw cash1.After the customer ATM card is approved the screen shows list of

operation.

2.After amount of withdraw is entered the ATM opens one of four boxes by activating a door that rolls up to expose the face of a bill

3.At same time a suction device pulls the correct number of bill.

4.The bills are placed on rollers and moved to holding area until they are dispensed.

5.If the wrong number of bill is pulled or the bill is damaged the ATM machine .Drop that bill into reject box and repeat the process.

6.The bills are dispensed.

7.A receipt is printed and transaction is recorded.

Process for deposit of money

1.After the customer ATM card is approved the screen shows list of operation.

2.Once a deposited envelope is filled out and inserted into a deposit slot , it is pulled by rollers into a box.

3.Before it is dropped into bank the date , users bank account number and deposit total are printed on envelope.

4.A receipt or a complete bank statement is printed ,and the transaction is recorded.

A Wincor Nixdorf ATM running Windows 2000

A Suncorp Metway ATM running OS/2

Security

1.Physical

Customer identity integrity

To verify cardholder identities have been tested and deployed in some countries, such as finger and palm vein patterns and facial recognition technologies. However, recently, cheaper mass production equipment has been developed and being installed in machines globally that detect the presence of foreign objects on the front of ATMs, current tests have shown 99% detection success for all types of devices.

• ATMs are often covered by mechanical shutters to prevent tampering with the machines when they are not in use.

• Alarm sensors are placed inside the ATM and in ATM servicing areas to alert their operators when doors have been opened by unauthorized personnel.

• Rules are usually set by the government or ATM operating body that dictate what happens when integrity systems fail.

Device operation integrity

Functions of ATM machine• Deposit currency recognition, acceptance, and recycling• Paying routine bills, fees, and taxes (utilities, phone bills, social security,

legal fees, taxes, etc.)• Printing bank statements• Updating passbooks• Loading monetary value into stored value cards• Purchasing

– Postage stamps– Lottery tickets– Train tickets– Concert tickets– Movie tickets– Shopping mall gift certificates.

• Games and promotional features[

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