ATKIS ATKIS –– Model Model GeneralizationGeneralization and and

OnOn--Demand Map ProductionDemand Map Production

LiqiuLiqiu MengMeng

2000.09.212000.09.21

Technische Universität MünchenTechnische Universität München

��BackgroundBackground

��Multiple Presentation / Multiple Multiple Presentation / Multiple

RepresentationRepresentation

��Strategy of ATKIS Model GeneralizationStrategy of ATKIS Model Generalization

��Operations of OnOperations of On--demand Cartographic demand Cartographic

VisualizationVisualization

Cartographic GeneralizationCartographic Generalization

Model GeneralizationModel Generalization Map DesignMap Design

Multiple Presentation of TopographyMultiple Presentation of TopographyGraphics Graphics --> Graphics> Graphics

Base mapBase map

BasisBasis--DLMDLM

Generalized Map 1Generalized Map 1

Generalized Map 2Generalized Map 2

Generalized Map 3Generalized Map 3

Generalized Map nGeneralized Map n

...

Multiple Representation of TopographyMultiple Representation of TopographyModel Generalization (parallel)Model Generalization (parallel)

DLM1000DLM1000

DLM250DLM250

VisualizationVisualizationDTK50DTK50

DTK250DTK250

DTK1000DTK1000

DLM50DLM50

VisualizationVisualization

VisualizationVisualization

DTK10/25DTK10/25VisualizationVisualizationBasisBasis--DLMDLM

VisualizationVisualizationDTK50DTK50

DTK1000DTK1000VisualizationVisualization

DTK250DTK250VisualizationVisualization

DTK10/25DTK10/25VisualizationVisualization

BasisBasis--DLMDLM

DLM1000DLM1000

DLM250DLM250

DLM50DLM50

Multiple Representation of TopographyMultiple Representation of TopographyModel Generalization (sequential)Model Generalization (sequential)

Definition of local

constraints,

Pattern recognition,

Construction of rules

Generalization toolkit

with metadata

(3)

(4)

Object-based

identification of

algorithms

Model Generalization

Identification of

Generalization operations,

Derivation of secondary

attributes

(2)

Value-adding

Basis-DLM

DLM Basis-OK

DLM OK50

Model comparison,

Definition of global

constraints

(1)

Quality assurance

Cartographic

Visualization of

DLM50

(5)

SK50

IDID--Relationships between Basis OK and OK50Relationships between Basis OK and OK50

1:0 Elimination1:0 Elimination

1:1 without dimensional shift1:1 without dimensional shift

1:1 from area to line1:1 from area to line

1:1 from area to point1:1 from area to point

n:1 without creation of new object IDn:1 without creation of new object ID

n:1 with creation of new object IDn:1 with creation of new object ID

Dominant Dominant

Geometric / SemanticGeometric / Semantic

Qualitative / QuantitativeQualitative / Quantitative

Division of AttributesDivision of Attributes ConstraintsConstraints

Separating Separating

ReducingReducing

Reserving Reserving

Operation 1 Operation 2 Operation l

Algorithm 1 Algorithm 2 Algorithm m

Constraint 1 Constraint 2 Constraint n

Steering Rules

...

...

...

Operations of Model GeneralizationOperations of Model Generalization

Selection / EliminationSelection / Elimination

DimensionDimensionalal ShiftShift

Classification /Classification / TypificationTypification

Line Simplification Line Simplification

Area AmalgamationArea Amalgamation

AggregationAggregation

AssociationAssociation

Hole after elimination Skeleton Area allocation

(Bader & Weibel, 1997)

Before and after elimination Filling based on mode principle

(Schylberg, 1993)

ClassificationClassification

TypificationTypification

Original geometry

Simplified line

Self intersection

Original geometryTopological conflict

with neighboring

obj.

Simplified line

Line SimplificationLine Simplification

Amalgamation of Area ObjectsAmalgamation of Area Objects

SettlementSettlement

VegetationVegetationWaterWater

TownshipTownship

or villageor village

AggregationAggregation

Objects of the same classObjects of the same class

Objects of different classesObjects of different classes

Objects of the same geometry typeObjects of the same geometry type

Objects of different geometry typesObjects of different geometry types

Hierarchical aggregationHierarchical aggregation

n:1n:1

Functional aggregationFunctional aggregation

n:m with n>mn:m with n>m

AssociationAssociation

n:m with n>mn:m with n>m

Molenaar, 1998

Original DataOriginal Data Amalgamation SelectionAmalgamation Selection

/Elimination/Elimination

Original data Classification AmalgamOriginal data Classification Amalgamationation

//TypificationTypification

Execution Sequences of Generation OperationsExecution Sequences of Generation Operations

Derivation of Quantitative MeasuresDerivation of Quantitative Measures

arithmetic, statistic, fuzzyarithmetic, statistic, fuzzy

Definition of Local ConstraintsDefinition of Local Constraints and Rulesand Rules

calling sequence, parameters, iteration degree, calling sequence, parameters, iteration degree,

control points, identity from multicontrol points, identity from multi--identity,identity,

rules rules --> algorithms , rules > algorithms , rules --> conditions + actions> conditions + actions

Enrichment of AlgorithmsEnrichment of Algorithms

applicability, side effects, valid range of a parameter, applicability, side effects, valid range of a parameter,

computer intensity, converging speed, equivalent computer intensity, converging speed, equivalent

method, missing methodmethod, missing method, , integration in dataintegration in data

L1

L2

L3

F1

Rule based treatment of the

object L2 with double identity

Partitioning an object into

homogeneous parts based on

fractal analysis

Strategies for Quality ControlStrategies for Quality Control

��The best possible solution through enrichment ofThe best possible solution through enrichment of

tools and data tools and data

�� An acceptable solution without enrichment of An acceptable solution without enrichment of

tools and datatools and data

�� An acceptable solution through enrichment ofAn acceptable solution through enrichment of

tools and datatools and data

Operations of Map DesignOperations of Map Design

Visible / Hidden Visible / Hidden

Symbolization /Symbolization / Typification Typification

SmoothingSmoothing

ExaggerationExaggeration

DisplacementDisplacement

Text placementText placement

Layout designLayout design

DLMDLM DTKDTK

AppearanceAppearanceGeometryGeometry

Topographic ObjectsTopographic Objects

OnOn--demand demand

VisualizationVisualization

Map as Interface between System User and ModelMap as Interface between System User and Model