The Peloponnesian War Athens and Their Allies Vs. Sparta and Their Allies.
Athens vs. Sparta
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Transcript of Athens vs. Sparta
![Page 1: Athens vs. Sparta](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56813098550346895d9676ec/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Athens vs. Sparta
Two city states of Ancient Greece
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How would people describe your country’s…
Government Education Social Structure Allies Military Strength Lifestyle Cultural Achievement
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Comparison Activity
In groups you will complete a chart comparing different features of Athens and Sparta
In groups of 2 you will create a chart comparing: Location Government Education Social Structure Allies Military Strength Lifestyle Cultural Achievement Role of Women Food Population
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Athens Sparta
Population
Government
Social Structure
Allies/Military
Lifestyle/Values
Education
Role of Women
Cultural Achievement
Food
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Population(remember that no accurate census was ever taken)
Athens Approximately
140,000 in Athens itself
By 432 B.C. largest city-state(included Attica) Between 140 and
150 thousand Athenians
50,000 aliens and 100,000 slaves
Sparta 8,000 adult males No estimate on
number of women Over 100,000 slaves
and semi-enslaved people
![Page 6: Athens vs. Sparta](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022072015/56813098550346895d9676ec/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Government
Athens Direct democracy Elected officials
including 10 generals, magistrates
Council of 500: administer decision made by Assembly
Chosen by lottery Assembly: all male
citizens; passed laws Word for non
participants: idiotes Trial by jury
Sparta Oligarchy: rule by few Combination of different
forms of government Two kings: led army 5 Overseers: ran day-to-
day operations of Sparta; had veto power
Senate: 28 men over 60; elected for life; acted as judges; proposed legislation
Assembly: all Spartan males
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Social Structure
Athens Freemen: all male citizens Upper: Aristocrats
Land owners Naval captains and
military leaders Middle: small farmers Lower: craftsman and
trireme rowers Metics: foreigners…not
allowed to own land Slaves: treated less
harshly than other Greek city-states
Women rarely seen outside the home and had no rights
Sparta Spartiates: Land owning
military professionals Perioeci: foreigners who
were craftsman, artisans Women had few rights but
were more independent in Sparta than anywhere else in Greece
Helots: slaves(farmed) who worked on the Spartiates land
Gave 1/2 of all their produce to Spartiates, especially the military
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Allies/Military
Athens Delian League:
collection of city-states that pledged loyalty to Athens Athens taxed them
for protection Athens had very
strong navy following the Persian Wars (Themistocles)
Sparta Peloponnesian League: Superior army on land Entire culture was
focused on the art of war
Eventually defeated Athens in Peloponnesian Wars
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Lifestyle / ValuesAthens
Democratic values Participation in
government a civic responsibility
Many religious holidays
Theatre / sporting events
Trading empire brought contact with many other cultures
Sparta Militaristic values Citizens were not
permitted to own luxuries like gold or silver
Children were taught to respect elderly, women, and warriors
Disliked foreigners
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EducationAthens
Schools taught reading, writing and mathematics, music, poetry, sport and gymnastics
Ages 5-14 (wealthy went until 18)
Academies were set up to study philosophy, rhetoric, and ethics
Girls were taught homemaking skills
Sparta Boys: at age 7 they were
taken from their parents and taught the art of war
Had to steal to survive At age 20 they entered
the military At age 30 they were
able to marry(could only visit their wives by sneaking out of the barracks
Girls: at age 7 they were reading and writing, gymnastics, athletics and survival skills
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Role of Women
Athens Women were kept
at home Could not
participate in athletics
Some women held high posts at religious ceremonies
Sparta Girls were educated Could participate in
sports Goal was to produce
healthy babies Married at 18 Enjoyed a great deal
of freedom Could own and
control their property Expected to protect
land while husband was at war
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Cultural Achievement
Athens Art
Sculptures Pottery
Architecture Drama Literature Philosophy Science Medicine Mathematics Democracy Loved to discuss:
symposiums
Sparta
Military supremacy Simple lifestyle “ideal” community
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Food
Athens Enjoyed food from
all over the empire Trade brought
goods from all over the Mediterranean region
Loved wine, olives bread, cheeses
Sparta Spartan broth:
pork, blood, salt, vinegar YIKES
Trained to dislike luxuries and fancy food
Men lived separate from wives for much of the time
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Discussion
If you were a young teenage girl of the citizen class, in which city-state would you rather live? Why?
If you were a slave, in which would you rather live? Why?
If you were a boy of the citizen class, in which would you rather live? Why?
If you were a young soldier, in which would you rather live? Why?
If you were a very wealthy person of the citizen class, in which would you rather live? Why?
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Peloponnesian War