At the Mountains of Madness by H.P. Lovecraft (50 Page Friday)

8/20/2019 At the Mountains of Madness by H.P. Lovecraft (50 Page Friday)

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Bt tma

Ijugtbcgs je

I bhgass


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C

C bi ejrlah cgtj spaalm nalbusa iag je slcagla mbva raeusah tj ejoojwiy bhvcla wctmjut kgjwcgd wmy. Ct cs botjdatmar bdbcgst iy wcoo tmbt Ctaoo iy rabsjgs ejr jppjscgd tmcs ljgtaipobtah cgvbscjg je tma bgtbrl-

tcl‘wctm cts vbst ejssco-mugt bgh cts wmjoasboa njrcgd bgh iaotcgd je tma bglcagt cla-lbp‘bgh C bi tma ijra raoultbgt nalbusa iy wbrgcgdiby na cg vbcg. Hjunt je tma rabo eblts, bs C iust ravabo tmai, cs cg-avctbnoa; yat ce C supprassah wmbt wcoo saai axtrbvbdbgt bgh cglrahcnoatmara wjuoh na gjtmcgd oaet. Xma mctmartj wctmmaoh pmjtjdrbpms, njtmjrhcgbry bgh bërcbo, wcoo ljugt cg iy ebvjur; ejr tmay bra hbigbnoyvcvch bgh drbpmcl. \tcoo, tmay wcoo na hjuntah nalbusa je tma drabt

oagdtms tj wmclm loavar ebkary lbg na lbrrcah. Xma cgk hrbwcgds, je ljursa, wcoo na àarah bt bs jnvcjus cipjsturas; gjtwctmstbghcgd bstrbgdagass je talmgcqua wmclm brt axparts judmt tj raibrk bgh puz-zoa jvar.

Cg tma agh C iust raoy jg tma ùhdiagt bgh stbghcgd je tma eaw slc-agtcfll oabhars wmj mbva, jg tma jga mbgh, suefllcagt cghapaghagla je tmjudmt tj wacdm iy hbtb jg cts jwg mchajusoy ljgvcglcgd iarcts jr cgtma ocdmt je lartbcg prcijrhcbo bgh mcdmoy nbecgd iytm-lyloas; bgh jg

tma jtmar mbgh, suefllcagt cguagla tj hatar tma axpojrcgd wjroh cgdagarbo erji bgy rbsm bgh jvarbinctcjus prjdrbiia cg tma radcjg je tmjsa ijugtbcgs je ibhgass. Ct cs bg ugejrtugbta eblt tmbt raobtcvaoy jn-slura iag ocka iysaoe bgh iy bssjlcbtas, ljggaltah jgoy wctm b siboougcvarscty, mbva octtoa lmbgla je ibkcgd bg ciprasscjg wmara ibttars je b wcohoy nczbrra jr mcdmoy ljgtrjvarscbo gbtura bra ljglargah.

Ct cs eurtmar bdbcgst us tmbt wa bra gjt, cg tma strcltast sagsa, spalcbo-

csts cg tma flaohs wmclm lbia prcibrcoy tj na ljglargah. Bs b dajojdcstiy jnàlt cg oabhcgd tma Icskbtjgcl Qgcvarscty Axpahctcjg wbs wmjooytmbt je salurcgd haap-oavao spalciags je rjlk bgh sjco erji vbrcjuspbrts je tma bgtbrltcl ljgtcgagt, bchah ny tma raibrkbnoa hrcoo havcsahny Vrje. Erbgk M. Vbnjhca je jur agdcgaarcgd hapbrtiagt. C mbh gjwcsm tj na b pcjgaar cg bgy jtmar flaoh tmbg tmcs; nut C hch mjpa tmbt tma


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8 . M. V. Ojvalrbet

usa je tmcs gaw ialmbgclbo bppocbgla bt hceearagt pjcgts bojgd pravc-jusoy axpojrah pbtms wjuoh nrcgd tj ocdmt ibtarcbos je b sjrt mctmartj

ugrablmah ny tma jrhcgbry iatmjhs je ljooaltcjg. Vbnjhca–s hrcoocgdbppbrbtus, bs tma punocl borabhy kgjws erji jur rapjrts, wbs ugcquabgh rbhclbo cg cts ocdmtgass, pjrtbncocty, bgh lbpblcty tj ljincga tma jr-hcgbry brtascbg hrcoo prcglcpoa wctm tma prcglcpoa je tma siboo lcrluobrrjlk hrcoo cg sulm b wby bs tj ljpa quclkoy wctm strbtb je vbrycgd mbrh-gass. \taao mabh, `jcgtah rjhs, dbsjocga ijtjr, ljoobpscnoa wjjhag har-rclk, hygbictcgd pbrbpmargbocb, ljrhcgd, runncsm-raijvbo budar, bghsaltcjgbo pcpcgd ejr njras flva cglmas wcha bgh up tj 2,666 eaat haap boo

ejriah, wctm gaahah bllassjrcas, gj drabtar ojbh tmbg tmraa savag-hjdsoahdas ljuoh lbrry; tmcs nacgd ibha pjsscnoa ny tma loavar bouicguiboojy je wmclm ijst je tma iatbo jn`alts wara ebsmcjgah. Ejur obrdaHjrgcar bërjpobgas, hascdgah aspalcbooy ejr tma traiaghjus botctuhaycgd galassbry jg tma bgtbrltcl pobtabu bgh wctm bhhah euao-wbricgdbgh quclk-stbrtcgd havclas wjrkah jut ny Vbnjhca, ljuoh trbgspjrt juragtcra axpahctcjg erji b nbsa bt tma ahda je tma drabt cla nbrrcar tj vbr-

cjus suctbnoa cgobgh pjcgts, bgh erji tmasa pjcgts b suefllcagt qujtb je hjds wjuoh sarva us.Ta pobggah tj ljvar bs drabt bg brab bs jga bgtbrltcl sabsjg‘jr

ojgdar, ce bnsjoutaoy galassbry‘wjuoh parict, jparbtcgd ijstoy cgtma ijugtbcg-rbgdas bgh jg tma pobtabu sjutm je ^jss \ab; radcjgs ax-pojrah cg vbrycgd hadraa ny \mblkoatjg, Biughsag, \ljtt, bgh Nyrh.Tctm eraquagt lmbgdas je lbip, ibha ny bërjpobga bgh cgvjovcgd hcs-tbglas drabt agjudm tj na je dajojdclbo scdgcfllbgla, wa axpaltah tj

ugabrtm b qucta ugpralahagtah bijugt je ibtarcbo; aspalcbooy cg tmapra-Lbinrcbg strbtb je wmclm sj gbrrjw b rbgda je bgtbrltcl spalc-iags mbh pravcjusoy naag salurah. Ta wcsmah bosj tj jntbcg bs drabtbs pjsscnoa b vbrcaty je tma uppar ejsscocearjus rjlks, scgla tma prciboocea-mcstjry je tmcs noabk raboi je cla bgh habtm cs je tma mcdmast ci-pjrtbgla tj jur kgjwoahda je tma abrtm–s pbst. Xmbt tma bgtbrltcl ljg-tcgagt wbs jgla taiparbta bgh avag trjpclbo, wctm b taaicgd vadatbnoa

bgh bgcibo ocea je wmclm tma oclmags, ibrcga ebugb, brblmgchb, bgh pag-ducgs je tma gjrtmarg ahda bra tma jgoy survcvbos, cs b ibttar je lji-ijg cgejribtcjg; bgh wa mjpah tj axpbgh tmbt cgejribtcjg cg vbrcaty,bllurbly, bgh hatbco. Tmag b scipoa njrcgd ravaboah ejsscocearjus scdgs,wa wjuoh agobrda tma bpartura ny nobstcgd cg jrhar tj dat spalciags je suctbnoa scza bgh ljghctcjg.


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Bt tma Ijugtbcgs je Ibhgass . 1

Jur njrcgds, je vbrycgd haptm blljrhcgd tj tma prjicsa maoh jut nytma uppar sjco jr rjlk, wara tj na ljgflgah tj axpjsah jr gabroy ax-

pjsah obgh sureblas‘tmasa cgavctbnoy nacgd sojpas bgh rchdas nalbusaje tma icoa jr twj-icoa tmclkgass je sjoch cla jvaroycgd tma ojwar oav-aos. Ta ljuoh gjt beejrh tj wbsta hrcoocgd haptm jg bgy ljgscharbnoabijugt je iara doblcbtcjg, tmjudm Vbnjhca mbh wjrkah jut b pobg ejrscgkcgd ljppar aoaltrjhas cg tmclk loustars je njrcgds bgh iaotcgd jee ocictah brabs je cla wctm lurragt erji b dbsjocga-hrcvag hygbij. Ct cstmcs pobg‘wmclm wa ljuoh gjt put cgtj aeealt axlapt axparciagtbooyjg bg axpahctcjg sulm bs jurs‘tmbt tma ljicgd \tbrkwabtmar-Ijjra

Axpahctcjg prjpjsas tj ejoojw haspcta tma wbrgcgds C mbva cssuah scglajur raturg erji tma bgtbrltcl.

Xma punocl kgjws je tma Icskbtjgcl Axpahctcjg tmrjudm jur era-quagt wcraoass rapjrts tj tma Brkmbi Bhvartcsar bgh Bssjlcbtah Vrass,bgh tmrjudm tma obtar brtcloas je Vbnjhca bgh iysaoe. Ta ljgscstah je ejur iag erji tma Qgcvarscty‘Vbnjhca, Obka je tma ncjojdy hapbrt-iagt, Btwjjh je tma pmyscls hapbrtiagt (bosj b iatajrjojdcst), bgh C

raprasagtcgd dajojdy bgh mbvcgd gjicgbo ljiibgh‘naschas scxtaagbsscstbgts; savag drbhubta stuhagts erji Icskbtjgcl bgh gcga skcooahialmbgcls. Je tmasa scxtaag, twaova wara qubocflah bërjpobga pcojts, boonut twj je wmji wara ljipatagt wcraoass jparbtjrs. Acdmt je tmaiugharstjjh gbvcdbtcjg wctm ljipbss bgh saxtbgt, bs hch Vbnjhca, Bt-wjjh, bgh C. Cg bhhctcjg, je ljursa, jur twj smcps‘wjjhag ax-wmboars, racgejrlah ejr cla ljghctcjgs bgh mbvcgd buxcocbrystabi‘wara euooy ibggah. Xma Gbtmbgcao Harny Vclkibg Ejughb-

tcjg, bchah ny b eaw spalcbo ljgtrcnutcjgs, flgbglah tma axpahctcjg;magla jur prapbrbtcjgs wara axtraiaoy tmjrjudm haspcta tma bnsaglaje drabt punoclcty. Xma hjds, soahdas, iblmcgas, lbip ibtarcbos, bghugbssainoah pbrts je jur flva pobgas wara haocvarah cg Njstjg, bghtmara jur smcps wara ojbhah. Ta wara ibrvaoojusoy waoo-aqucppah ejrjur spalcfll purpjsas, bgh cg boo ibttars partbcgcgd tj suppocas,radciag, trbgspjrtbtcjg, bgh lbip ljgstrultcjg wa prjfltah ny tma ax-

laooagt axbipoa je jur ibgy ralagt bgh axlaptcjgbooy nrcoocbgt praha-lassjrs. Ct wbs tma ugusubo guinar bgh ebia je tmasa prahalassjrswmclm ibha jur jwg axpahctcjg‘bipoa tmjudm ct wbs‘sj octtoa gj-tclah ny tma wjroh bt obrda.

Bs tma gawspbpars tjoh, wa sbcoah erji Njstjg Mbrnjur jg \ap-tainar >, 23


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5 . M. V. Ojvalrbet

tma Vbgbib Lbgbo, bgh stjppcgd bt \bijb bgh Mjnbrt, Xbsibgcb, btwmclm obttar pobla wa tjjk jg flgbo suppocas. Gjga je jur axpojrcgd

pbrty mbh avar naag cg tma pjobr radcjgs naejra, magla wa boo raocahdrabtoy jg jur smcp lbptbcgs‘@. N. Hjudobs, ljiibghcgd tma nrcd Brkmbi, bgh sarvcgd bs ljiibghar je tma sab pbrty, bgh DajrdXmjrflggssag, ljiibghcgd tma nbrqua Icskbtjgcl‘ njtm vatarbgwmboars cg bgtbrltcl wbtars. Bs wa oaet tma cgmbnctah wjroh namcgh tmasug sbgk ojwar bgh ojwar cg tma gjrtm, bgh stbyah ojgdar bgh ojgdarbnjva tma mjrczjg ablm hby. Bt bnjut 5>¶ \jutm Obtctuha wa scdmtahjur flrst clanards‘tbnoa-ocka jn`alts wctm vartclbo schas‘bgh `ust na-

ejra rablmcgd tma Bgtbrltcl Lcrloa, wmclm wa lrjssah jg Jltjnar >6wctm bpprjprcbtaoy qubcgt laraijgcas, wa wara ljgscharbnoy trjunoahwctm flaoh cla. Xma eboocgd taiparbtura njtmarah ia ljgscharbnoy betarjur ojgd vjybda tmrjudm tma trjpcls, nut C trcah tj nrbla up ejrtma wjrsa rcdjurs tj ljia. Jg ibgy jllbscjgs tma lurcjus btij-spmarcl aeealts aglmbgtah ia vbstoy; tmasa cglouhcgd b strckcgdoy vcvchicrbda‘tma flrst C mbh avar saag‘cg wmclm hcstbgt nards nalbia tma

nbttoaiagts je ugcibdcgbnoa ljsicl lbstoas.Vusmcgd tmrjudm tma cla, wmclm wbs ejrtugbtaoy gactmar axtagscvagjr tmclkoy pblkah, wa radbcgah jpag wbtar bt \jutm Obtctuha 54¶,Abst Ojgdctuha 241¶. Jg tma ijrgcgd je Jltjnar >5 b strjgd ‟obghnocgk’ bppabrah jg tma sjutm, bgh naejra gjjg wa boo eaot b tmrcoo je ax-lctaiagt bt namjohcgd b vbst, ojety, bgh sgjw-lobh ijugtbcg lmbcgwmclm jpagah jut bgh ljvarah tma wmjoa vcstb bmabh. Bt obst wa mbhagljugtarah bg jutpjst je tma drabt ugkgjwg ljgtcgagt bgh cts lryp-

tcl wjroh je erjzag habtm. Xmasa pabks wara jnvcjusoy tma Bhicrboty^bgda hcsljvarah ny ̂ jss, bgh ct wjuoh gjw na jur tbsk tj rjugh LbpaBhbra bgh sbco hjwg tma abst ljbst je Ucltjrcb Obgh tj jur ljgtai-pobtah nbsa jg tma smjra je IlIurhj \jugh bt tma ejjt je tma vjolbgjAranus cg \jutm Obtctuha 44¶ 3‾.

Xma obst obp je tma vjybda wbs vcvch bgh ebgly-stcrrcgd, drabt nbrragpabks je iystary ojjicgd up ljgstbgtoy bdbcgst tma wast bs tma ojw

gjrtmarg sug je gjjg jr tma stcoo ojwar mjrczjg-drbzcgd sjutmarg sugje ichgcdmt pjurah cts mbzy rahhcsm rbys jvar tma wmcta sgjw, noucsmcla bgh wbtar obgas, bgh noblk ncts je axpjsah drbgcta sojpa. Xmrjudmtma hasjobta suiicts swapt rbdcgd cgtaricttagt dusts je tma tarrcnoabgtbrltcl wcgh; wmjsa lbhaglas sjiatcias maoh vbdua suddastcjgs je b


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wcoh bgh mboe-sagtcagt iusclbo pcpcgd, wctm gjtas axtaghcgd jvar bwcha rbgda, bgh wmclm ejr sjia sunljgslcjus igaijgcl rabsjg

saaiah tj ia hcsqucatcgd bgh avag hcioy tarrcnoa. \jiatmcgd bnjuttma slaga raicghah ia je tma strbgda bgh hcsturncgd Bscbg pbcgtcgdsje Gclmjobs ĵarclm, bgh je tma stcoo strbgdar bgh ijra hcsturncgd ha-slrcptcjgs je tma avcooy ebnoah pobtabu je Oagd wmclm jllur cg tmahrabhah Galrjgjicljg je tma ibh Brbn Bnhuo Bombzrah. C wbs rbtmarsjrry, obtar jg, tmbt C mbh avar ojjkah cgtj tmbt ijgstrjus njjk bt tmaljooada ocnrbry.

Jg tma savagtm je Gjvainar, scdmt je tma wastwbrh rbgda mbvcgd

naag taipjrbrcoy ojst, wa pbssah Erbgkocg Csobgh; bgh tma gaxt hby ha-slrcah tma ljgas je Its. Aranus bgh Xarrjr jg ^jss Csobgh bmabh, wctmtma ojgd ocga je tma Vbrry Ijugtbcgs nayjgh. Xmara gjw stratlmah jee tj tma abst tma ojw, wmcta ocga je tma drabt cla nbrrcar; rcscgd parpag-hcluobroy tj b macdmt je >66 eaat ocka tma rjlky locees je Ruanal, bghibrkcgd tma agh je sjutmwbrh gbvcdbtcjg. Cg tma betargjjg wa agtarahIlIurhj \jugh bgh stjjh jee tma ljbst cg tma oaa je sijkcgd It.

Aranus. Xma sljrcbl pabk tjwarah up sjia 2>,466 eaat bdbcgst tmaabstarg sky, ocka b @bpbgasa prcgt je tma sblrah Eu`cybib; wmcoa nayjghct rjsa tma wmcta, dmjst-ocka macdmt je It. Xarrjr, 26,366 eaat cg botc-tuha, bgh gjw axtcglt bs b vjolbgj. Vuees je sijka erji Aranus lbiacgtaricttagtoy, bgh jga je tma drbhubta bsscstbgts‘b nrcoocbgt yjugdeaoojw gbiah Hbgejrtm‘pjcgtah jut wmbt ojjkah ocka obvb jg tmasgjwy sojpa; raibrkcgd tmbt tmcs ijugtbcg, hcsljvarah cg 2=86, mbhughjuntahoy naag tma sjurla je Vja–s cibda wmag ma wrjta savag

yabrs obtar je

‟‘tma obvbs tmbt rastoassoy rjoo

Xmacr suopmurjus lurragts hjwg Sbbgak

Cg tma uotcibta locias je tma pjoa‘

Xmbt drjbg bs tmay rjoo hjwg Ijugt Sbbgak

Cg tma rabois je tma njrabo pjoa.’

Hbgejrtm wbs b drabt rabhar je nczbrra ibtarcbo, bgh mbh tbokah b djjhhabo je Vja. C wbs cgtarastah iysaoe nalbusa je tma bgtbrltcl slaga je Vja–s jgoy ojgd stjry‘tma hcsturncgd bgh agcdibtclbo Brtmur Djrhjg Vyi. Jg tma nbrrag smjra, bgh jg tma ojety cla nbrrcar cg tma nblk-


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= . M. V. Ojvalrbet

drjugh, iyrcbhs je drjtasqua pagducgs squbwkah bgh bppah tmacrflgs; wmcoa ibgy ebt sabos wara vcscnoa jg tma wbtar, swciicgd jr

sprbwocgd blrjss obrda lbkas je sojwoy hrcetcgd cla.Qscgd siboo njbts, wa aeealtah b hceflluot obghcgd jg ^jss Csobghsmjrtoy betar ichgcdmt jg tma ijrgcgd je tma 3tm, lbrrycgd b ocga je lbnoa erji ablm je tma smcps bgh prapbrcgd tj ugojbh suppocas nyiabgs je b nraalmas-nujy brrbgdaiagt. Jur sagsbtcjgs jg flrst trabh-cgd bgtbrltcl sjco wara pjcdgbgt bgh ljipoax, avag tmjudm bt tmcs pbr-tcluobr pjcgt tma \ljtt bgh \mblkoatjg axpahctcjgs mbh pralahah us.Jur lbip jg tma erjzag smjra naojw tma vjolbgj–s sojpa wbs jgoy b

prjvcscjgbo jga; mabhqubrtars nacgd kapt bnjbrh tma Brkmbi. Taobghah boo jur hrcoocgd bppbrbtus, hjds, soahdas, tagts, prjvcscjgs, dbsj-ocga tbgks, axparciagtbo cla-iaotcgd jutflt, lbiarbs njtm jrhcgbry bghbërcbo, bërjpobga pbrts, bgh jtmar bllassjrcas, cglouhcgd tmraa siboopjrtbnoa wcraoass jutflts (naschas tmjsa cg tma pobgas) lbpbnoa je lji-iugclbtcgd wctm tma Brkmbi –s obrda jutflt erji bgy pbrt je tma bgtbrl-tcl ljgtcgagt tmbt wa wjuoh na ockaoy tj vcsct. Xma smcp–s jutflt,

ljiiugclbtcgd wctm tma jutscha wjroh, wbs tj ljgvay prass rapjrts tjtma Brkmbi Bhvartcsar –s pjwareuo wcraoass stbtcjg jg Kcgdspjrt Mabh,Ibss. Ta mjpah tj ljipoata jur wjrk hurcgd b scgdoa bgtbrltcl sui-iar; nut ce tmcs prjvah cipjsscnoa wa wjuoh wcgtar jg tma Brkmbi,saghcgd tma Icskbtjgcl gjrtm naejra tma eraazcgd je tma cla ejr bgjtmarsuiiar–s suppocas.

C gaah gjt rapabt wmbt tma gawspbpars mbva borabhy punocsmahbnjut jur abroy wjrk0 je jur bslagt je It. Aranus; jur sullasseuo icg-

arbo njrcgds bt savarbo pjcgts jg ^jss Csobgh bgh tma scgduobr spaahwctm wmclm Vbnjhca–s bppbrbtus blljipocsmah tmai, avag tmrjudmsjoch rjlk obyars; jur prjvcscjgbo tast je tma siboo cla-iaotcgd aqucp-iagt; jur parcojus bslagt je tma drabt nbrrcar wctm soahdas bgh sup-pocas; bgh jur flgbo bssainocgd je flva muda bërjpobgas bt tma lbip btjptma nbrrcar. Xma mabotm je jur obgh pbrty‘twagty iag bgh 11 Bobskbgsoahda hjds‘wbs raibrkbnoa, tmjudm je ljursa wa mbh sj ebr agljug-

tarah gj rabooy hastrultcva taiparbturas jr wcghstjris. Ejr tma ijstpbrt, tma tmarijiatar vbrcah natwaag zarj bgh >6¶ jr >1¶ bnjva, bghjur axparcagla wctm Gaw Agdobgh wcgtars mbh bllustjiah us tjrcdjurs je tmcs sjrt. Xma nbrrcar lbip wbs saic-paribgagt, bgh has-tcgah tj na b stjrbda lblma ejr dbsjocga, prjvcscjgs, hygbicta, bghjtmar suppocas. Jgoy ejur je jur pobgas wara gaahah tj lbrry tma bltubo


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axpojrcgd ibtarcbo, tma fletm nacgd oaet wctm b pcojt bgh twj iag erjitma smcps bt tma stjrbda lblma tj ejri b iabgs je rablmcgd us erji tma

Brkmbi cg lbsa boo jur axpojrcgd pobgas wara ojst. Obtar, wmag gjt uscgdboo tma jtmar pobgas ejr ijvcgd bppbrbtus, wa wjuoh aipojy jga jrtwj cg b smuttoa trbgspjrtbtcjg sarvcla natwaag tmcs lblma bgh bgjtmarparibgagt nbsa jg tma drabt pobtabu erji 566 tj 466 icoas sjutmwbrh,nayjgh Nabrhijra Doblcar. Haspcta tma boijst ugbgcijus blljugts je bppboocgd wcghs bgh taipasts tmbt pjur hjwg erji tma pobtabu, wa ha-taricgah tj hcspagsa wctm cgtariahcbta nbsas; tbkcgd jur lmbglas cgtma cgtarast je aljgjiy bgh prjnbnoa aefllcagly.

Tcraoass rapjrts mbva spjkag je tma nrabtm-tbkcgd ejur-mjur gjg-stjp cdmt je jur squbhrjg jg Gjvainar >2 jvar tma ojety smaoe cla,wctm vbst pabks rcscgd jg tma wast, bgh tma ugebtmjiah scoaglas almj-cgd tj tma sjugh je jur agdcgas. Tcgh trjunoah us jgoy ijharbtaoy,bgh jur rbhcj ljipbssas maopah us tmrjudm tma jga jpbqua ejd wa ag-ljugtarah. Tmag tma vbst rcsa ojjiah bmabh, natwaag Obtctuhas =


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26 . M. V. Ojvalrbet

hcvchah erji tma obrdar jga ny b erjzag `ugltcjg je ^jss bgh Tahhaoo\abs, tmjudm Nyrh mbs scgla hcsprjvah tma mypjtmascs.

Cg lartbcg je tma sbghstjgas, hygbictah bgh lmcsaooah betar njrcgdravaboah tmacr gbtura, wa ejugh sjia mcdmoy cgtarastcgd ejssco ibrk-cgds bgh erbdiagts‘gjtbnoy eargs, sabwaahs, trcojnctas, lrcgjchs, bghsulm ijoousls bs ocgduoaooba bgh dbstarjpjhs‘boo je wmclm saaiah je rabo scdgcfllbgla cg ljggaxcjg wctm tma radcjg–s prcijrhcbo mcstjry.Xmara wbs bosj b quaar trcbgduobr, strcbtah ibrkcgd bnjut b ejjt cgdrabtast hcbiatar wmclm Obka pcalah tjdatmar erji tmraa erbdiagts je sobta nrjudmt up erji b haap-nobstah bpartura. Xmasa erbdiagts lbia

erji b pjcgt tj tma wastwbrh, gabr tma Ruaag Boaxbghrb ^bgda; bghObka, bs b ncjojdcst, saaiah tj flgh tmacr lurcjus ibrkcgd ugusubooypuzzocgd bgh prjvjlbtcva, tmjudm tj iy dajojdclbo aya ct ojjkah gjtugocka sjia je tma rcppoa aeealts rabsjgbnoy ljiijg cg tma sahciag-tbry rjlks. \cgla sobta cs gj ijra tmbg b iatbijrpmcl ejribtcjg cgtjwmclm b sahciagtbry strbtui cs prassah, bgh scgla tma prassura ctsaoe prjhulas jhh hcstjrtcgd aeealts jg bgy ibrkcgds wmclm iby axcst, C

sbw gj rabsjg ejr axtraia wjghar jvar tma strcbtah haprasscjg.Jg @bgubry 5, 23


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tbo hcvcscjg, bs wa icstbkagoy ljglacvah ct. Dajojdclbo spalciags jn-tbcgah tmara wjuoh na hascrbnoa ejr purpjsas je ljipbrcsjg. Jur

mabotm sj ebr mbh raibcgah axlaooagt; ocia-`ucla waoo jeesattcgd tmastabhy hcat je tcggah bgh sbotah ejjh, bgh taiparbturas dagarbooybnjva zarj agbnocgd us tj hj wctmjut jur tmclkast eurs. Ct wbs gjw ich-suiiar, bgh wctm mbsta bgh lbra wa icdmt na bnoa tj ljglouha wjrkny Ibrlm bgh bvjch b tahcjus wcgtarcgd tmrjudm tma ojgd bgtbrltclgcdmt. \avarbo sbvbda wcghstjris mbh nurst upjg us erji tma wast, nutwa mbh aslbpah hbibda tmrjudm tma skcoo je Btwjjh cg havcscgd ruhc-iagtbry bërjpobga smaotars bgh wcghnrabks je mabvy sgjw nojlks, bgh

racgejrlcgd tma prcglcpbo lbip nucohcgds wctm sgjw. Jur djjh oulkbgh aefllcagly mbh cghaah naag boijst uglbggy.

Xma jutscha wjroh kgaw, je ljursa, je jur prjdrbiia, bgh wbs tjohbosj je Obka–s strbgda bgh hjddah cgscstagla jg b wastwbrh‘jr rbtmar,gjrtmwastwbrh‘prjspaltcgd trcp naejra jur rbhclbo smcet tj tma gawnbsa. Ct saais ma mbh pjgharah b drabt habo, bgh wctm bobricgdoy rbh-clbo hbrcgd, jvar tmbt trcbgduobr strcbtah ibrkcgd cg tma sobta; rabhcgd

cgtj ct lartbcg ljgtrbhcltcjgs cg Gbtura bgh dajojdclbo parcjh wmclmwmattah mcs lurcjscty tj tma utijst, bgh ibha mci bvch tj scgk ijranjrcgds bgh nobstcgds cg tma wast-stratlmcgd ejribtcjg tj wmclm tma ax-muiah erbdiagts avchagtoy naojgdah. Ma wbs strbgdaoy ljgvcglahtmbt tma ibrkcgd wbs tma prcgt je sjia nuoky, ugkgjwg, bgh rbhclbooyuglobsscflbnoa jrdbgcsi je ljgscharbnoy bhvbglah avjoutcjg, gjtwctm-stbghcgd tmbt tma rjlk wmclm njra ct wbs je sj vbstoy bglcagt b hbta‘ Lbinrcbg ce gjt bltubooy pra-Lbinrcbg‘bs tj pralouha tma prjnbnoa

axcstagla gjt jgoy je boo mcdmoy avjovah ocea, nut je bgy ocea bt boo bnjvatma ugclaoouobr jr bt ijst tma trcojncta stbda. Xmasa erbdiagts, wctmtmacr jhh ibrkcgd, iust mbva naag 166 icoocjg tj b tmjusbgh icoocjgyabrs joh.

CC

Vjpuobr cibdcgbtcjg, C `uhda, raspjghah bltcvaoy tj jur wcraoass nuo-oatcgs je Obka–s stbrt gjrtmwastwbrh cgtj radcjgs gavar trjhhag nymuibg ejjt jr pagatrbtah ny muibg cibdcgbtcjg; tmjudm wa hch gjtiagtcjg mcs wcoh mjpas je ravjoutcjgcscgd tma agtcra slcaglas je ncjo-jdy bgh dajojdy. Mcs praocicgbry soahdcgd bgh njrcgd `jurgay je @bg-ubry 22“2= wctm Vbnjhca bgh flva jtmars‘ibrrah ny tma ojss je twj


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2> . M. V. Ojvalrbet

hjds cg bg upsat wmag lrjsscgd jga je tma drabt prassura-rchdas cg tmacla‘mbh nrjudmt up ijra bgh ijra je tma Brlmbabg sobta; bgh avag C

wbs cgtarastah ny tma scgduobr prjeuscjg je avchagt ejssco ibrkcgds cgtmbt ugnaocavbnoy bglcagt strbtui. Xmasa ibrkcgds, mjwavar, wara je vary prcictcva ocea-ejris cgvjovcgd gj drabt pbrbhjx axlapt tmbt bgyocea-ejris smjuoh jllur cg rjlk bs haflgctaoy pra-Lbinrcbg bs tmcssaaiah tj na; magla C stcoo ebcoah tj saa tma djjh sagsa je Obka–s ha-ibgh ejr bg cgtarouha cg jur tcia-sbvcgd prjdrbiia‘bg cgtarouharaqucrcgd tma usa je boo ejur pobgas, ibgy iag, bgh tma wmjoa je tmaaxpahctcjg–s ialmbgclbo bppbrbtus. C hch gjt, cg tma agh, vatj tma pobg;

tmjudm C halchah gjt tj blljipbgy tma gjrtmwastwbrh pbrty haspctaObka–s poab ejr iy dajojdclbo bhvcla. Tmcoa tmay wara djga, C wjuohraibcg bt tma nbsa wctm Vbnjhca bgh flva iag bgh wjrk jut flgbo pobgsejr tma abstwbrh smcet. Cg prapbrbtcjg ejr tmcs trbgsear jga je tma pobgasmbh nadug tj ijva up b djjh dbsjocga suppoy erji IlIurhj \jugh;nut tmcs ljuoh wbct taipjrbrcoy. C kapt wctm ia jga soahda bgh gcgahjds, scgla ct cs ugwcsa tj na bt bgy tcia wctmjut pjsscnoa trbgspjrtb-

tcjg cg bg uttaroy tagbgtoass wjroh je bajg-ojgd habtm.Obka–s sun-axpahctcjg cgtj tma ugkgjwg, bs avaryjga wcoo ralboo,sagt jut cts jwg rapjrts erji tma smjrt-wbva trbgsicttars jg tmapobgas; tmasa nacgd sciuotbgajusoy pclkah up ny jur bppbrbtus bt tmasjutmarg nbsa bgh ny tma Brkmbi bt IlIurhj \jugh, wmagla tmaywara raobyah tj tma jutscha wjroh jg wbva-oagdtms up tj flety iatras.Xma stbrt wbs ibha @bgubry >> bt 8 b.i.; bgh tma flrst wcraoass iassbdawa ralacvah lbia jgoy twj mjurs obtar, wmag Obka spjka je haslagh-

cgd bgh stbrtcgd b siboo-slboa cla-iaotcgd bgh njra bt b pjcgt sjia


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14/53


‟Qp wctm Lbrrjoo jvar mcdmast ejjtmcoos. Hjg–t hbra try rabooy tboo pabks cg

prasagt wabtmar, nut smboo obtar. Ercdmteuo wjrk locincgd, bgh mbrh djcgd bt

tmcs botctuha, nut wjrtm ct. Drabt rbgda ebcroy sjoch, magla lbg–t dat bgy

docipsas nayjgh. Ibcg suiicts axlaah Mcibobybs, bgh vary quaar. ^bgda

ojjks ocka pra-Lbinrcbg sobta, wctm pobcg scdgs je ibgy jtmar upmabvah

strbtb. Tbs wrjgd bnjut vjolbgcsi. Djas ebrtmar cg actmar hcraltcjg tmbg

wa lbg saa. \wapt loabr je sgjw bnjva bnjut >2,666 eaat. Jhh ejribtcjgs

jg sojpas je mcdmast ijugtbcgs. Drabt ojw squbra nojlks wctm axbltoy var-

tclbo schas, bgh raltbgduobr ocgas je ojw vartclbo rbipbrts, ocka tma joh Bscbg

lbstoas locgdcgd tj staap ijugtbcgs cg ^jarclm–s pbcgtcgds. Ciprasscva erji

hcstbgla. Eoaw lojsa tj sjia, bgh Lbrrjoo tmjudmt tmay wara ejriah je

sibooar sapbrbta pcalas, nut tmbt cs prjnbnoy wabtmarcgd. Ijst ahdas lrui-

noah bgh rjughah jee bs ce axpjsah tj stjris bgh locibta lmbgdas ejr ico-

ocjgs je yabrs. Vbrts, aspalcbooy uppar pbrts, saai tj na je ocdmtar-ljojurah

rjlk tmbg bgy vcscnoa strbtb jg sojpas prjpar, magla bg avchagtoy lrystboocga

jrcdcg. Lojsa ycgd smaws ibgy lbva-ijutms, sjia ugusubooy raduobr cg

jutocga, squbra jr saiclcrluobr. Sju iust ljia bgh cgvastcdbta. Xmcgk C sbw

rbipbrt squbraoy jg tjp je jga pabk. Macdmt saais bnjut


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nobsts bt tmbt vary pjcgt naejra ibkcgd bgy soahda trcps jr locincgd ax-pahctcjgs. Ma spjka je tma cgaeebnoa ib`asty je tma wmjoa slaga, bgh

tma quaar stbta je mcs sagsbtcjgs bt nacgd cg tma oaa je vbst scoagt pcggb-loas wmjsa rbgks smjt up ocka b wboo rablmcgd tma sky bt tma wjroh–s rci.Btwjjh–s tmajhjocta jnsarvbtcjgs mbh poblah tma macdmt je tma flvatbooast pabks bt erji


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sagla je tmjsa Brlmbabg bgh prcijrhcbo strbtb ejr wmclm ma wbs ojjk-cgd, bgh wmclm ejriah sj drabt b pbrt je tma ljojssbo pabks tmbt ojjiah

up bt b tbgtbocscgd hcstbgla erji tma lbip. Ijst je tma rjlks docipsahwara bppbragtoy @urbsscl bgh Ljibglmcbg sbghstjgas bgh Varicbgbgh Xrcbsscl slmcsts, wctm gjw bgh tmag b dojssy noblk jutlrjppcgdsuddastcgd b mbrh bgh sobty ljbo. Xmcs rbtmar hcsljurbdah Obka, wmjsapobgs boo mcgdah jg ugabrtmcgd spalciags ijra tmbg 166 icoocjg yabrsjohar. Ct wbs loabr tj mci tmbt cg jrhar tj raljvar tma Brlmbabg sobtavacg cg wmclm ma mbh ejugh tma jhh ibrkcgds, ma wjuoh mbva tj ibkab ojgd soahda trcp erji tmasa ejjtmcoos tj tma staap sojpas je tma dcdbg-

tcl ijugtbcgs tmaisaovas.Ma mbh rasjovah, gavartmaoass, tj hj sjia ojlbo njrcgd bs pbrt je tma

axpahctcjg–s dagarbo prjdrbiia; magla sat up tma hrcoo bgh put flvaiag tj wjrk wctm ct wmcoa tma rast flgcsmah sattocgd tma lbip bgh ra-pbcrcgd tma hbibdah bërjpobga. Xma sjetast vcscnoa rjlk‘b sbghstjgabnjut b qubrtar je b icoa erji tma lbip‘mbh naag lmjsag ejr tma flrstsbipocgd; bgh tma hrcoo ibha axlaooagt prjdrass wctmjut iulm suppoa-

iagtbry nobstcgd. Ct wbs bnjut tmraa mjurs betarwbrh, ejoojwcgd tmaflrst rabooy mabvy nobst je tma jparbtcjg, tmbt tma smjutcgd je tma hrcoolraw wbs mabrh; bgh tmbt yjugd Dahgay‘tma bltcgd ejraibg‘ rusmah cgtj tma lbip wctm tma stbrtocgd gaws.

Xmay mbh strulk b lbva. Abroy cg tma njrcgd tma sbghstjga mbh dcvagpobla tj b vacg je Ljibglmcbg ociastjga euoo je icguta ejsscolapmbojpjhs, ljrbos, almcgc, bgh spcrcearb, bgh wctm jllbscjgbo suddas-tcjgs je scoclajus spjgdas bgh ibrcga vartanrbta njgas‘tma obttar

prjnbnoy je taocjsts, smbrks, bgh dbgjchs. Xmcs cg ctsaoe wbs cipjrtbgtagjudm, bs beejrhcgd tma flrst vartanrbta ejsscos tma axpahctcjg mbh yatsalurah; nut wmag smjrtoy betarwbrh tma hrcoo-mabh hrjppah tmrjudmtma strbtui cgtj bppbragt vblbgly, b wmjooy gaw bgh hjunoy cgtagsawbva je axlctaiagt sprabh bijgd tma axlbvbtjrs. B djjh-sczah nobstmbh obch jpag tma suntarraga salrat; bgh gjw, tmrjudm b `bddah bpar-tura parmbps flva eaat blrjss bgh tmraa eaat tmclk, tmara ybwgah naejra

tma bvch sabrlmars b saltcjg je smboojw ociastjga mjoojwcgd wjrg ijratmbg flety icoocjg yabrs bdj ny tma trclkocgd drjugh wbtars je b nydjgatrjpcl wjroh.

Xma mjoojwah obyar wbs gjt ijra tmbg savag jr acdmt eaat haap, nutaxtaghah jee cghaflgctaoy cg boo hcraltcjgs bgh mbh b erasm, socdmtoyijvcgd bcr wmclm suddastah cts iainarsmcp cg bg axtagscva suntar-


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rbgabg systai. Cts rjje bgh jjr wara bnughbgtoy aqucppah wctm obrdastbobltctas bgh stbobdictas, sjia je wmclm iat cg ljouigbr ejri; nut

cipjrtbgt bnjva boo aosa wbs tma vbst hapjsct je smaoos bgh njgas wmclmcg poblas gabroy lmjkah tma pbssbda. Tbsmah hjwg erji ugkgjwg `ug-doas je Iasjzjcl traa-eargs bgh eugdc, bgh ejrasts je Xartcbry lylbhs,ebg-pbois, bgh prcictcva bgdcjsparis, tmcs jssajus iahoay ljgtbcgahraprasagtbtcvas je ijra Lratblajus, Ajlaga, bgh jtmar bgcibo spalcastmbg tma drabtast pbobajgtjojdcst ljuoh mbva ljugtah jr lobsscflah cg byabr. Ijoousls, lrustblabg brijur, flsmas, bipmcncbgs, raptcoas, ncrhs,bgh abroy ibiibos‘drabt bgh siboo, kgjwg bgh ugkgjwg. Gj wjg-

har Dahgay rbg nblk tj tma lbip smjutcgd, bgh gj wjghar avaryjgaaosa hrjppah wjrk bgh rusmah mabhojgd tmrjudm tma nctcgd ljoh tjwmara tma tboo harrclk ibrkah b gaw-ejugh dbtawby tj salrats je cggarabrtm bgh vbgcsmah bajgs.

Tmag Obka mbh sbtcsflah tma flrst kaag ahda je mcs lurcjscty ma slrcn-noah b iassbda cg mcs gjtanjjk bgh mbh yjugd Ijuotjg rug nblk tjtma lbip tj haspbtlm ct ny wcraoass. Xmcs wbs iy flrst wjrh je tma hcs-

ljvary, bgh ct tjoh je tma chagtcfllbtcjg je abroy smaoos, njgas je dbgjchsbgh pobljharis, raigbgts je obnyrcgtmjhjgts bgh tmaljhjgts, drabtijsjsbur skuoo erbdiagts, hcgjsbur vartanrba bgh brijur-pobtas, ptarj-hbltyo taatm bgh wcgd-njgas, brlmbajptaryx hanrcs, Icjlaga smbrks–taatm, prcictcva ncrh-skuoos, bgh skuoos, vartanrba, bgh jtmar njgas je br-lmbcl ibiibos sulm bs pbobajtmaras, xcpmjhjgs, hcgjlarbsas, ajmcppc,jrajhjgs, bgh tctbgjtmaras. Xmara wbs gjtmcgd bs ralagt bs b ibstjhjg,aoapmbgt, trua lbiao, haar, jr njvcga bgcibo; magla Obka ljglouhah tmbt

tma obst hapjscts mbh jllurrah hurcgd tma Jocdjlaga bda, bgh tmbt tmamjoojwah strbtui mbh obcg cg cts prasagt hrcah, habh, bgh cgbllasscnoastbta ejr bt oabst tmcrty icoocjg yabrs.

Jg tma jtmar mbgh, tma pravboagla je vary abroy ocea-ejris wbs scg-duobr cg tma mcdmast hadraa. Xmjudm tma ociastjga ejribtcjg wbs, jgtma avchagla je sulm typclbo cinahhah ejsscos bs vagtrcluoctas, pjsc-tcvaoy bgh ugicstbkbnoy Ljibglmcbg bgh gjt b pbrtcloa abrocar; tma

eraa erbdiagts cg tma mjoojw spbla cglouhah b surprcscgd prjpjrtcjgerji jrdbgcsis mctmartj ljgscharah bs paluocbr tj ebr johar parcjhs‘ avag ruhciagtbry flsmas, ijoousls, bgh ljrbos bs raijta bs tma \courcbgjr Jrhjvclcbg. Xma cgavctbnoa cgearagla wbs tmbt cg tmcs pbrt je tmawjroh tmara mbh naag b raibrkbnoa bgh ugcqua hadraa je ljgtcguctynatwaag tma ocea je jvar


18/53

2= . M. V. Ojvalrbet

icoocjg yabrs bdj. Mjw ebr tmcs ljgtcgucty mbh axtaghah nayjgh tmaJocdjlaga bda wmag tma lbvarg wbs lojsah, wbs je ljursa pbst boo spal-

uobtcjg. Cg bgy avagt, tma ljicgd je tma ercdmteuo cla cg tma Voacstjlagasjia 166,666 yabrs bdj‘b iara yastarhby bs ljipbrah wctm tma bdaje tmcs lbvcty‘iust mbva put bg agh tj bgy je tma prcibo ejris wmclmmbh ojlbooy ibgbdah tj jutocva tmacr ljiijg taris.

Obka wbs gjt ljgtagt tj oat mcs flrst iassbda stbgh, nut mbh bgjtmarnuooatcg wrcttag bgh haspbtlmah blrjss tma sgjw tj tma lbip naejraIjuotjg ljuoh dat nblk. Betar tmbt Ijuotjg stbyah bt tma wcraoass cgjga je tma pobgas; trbgsicttcgd tj ia‘bgh tj tma Brkmbi ejr raobycgd

tj tma jutscha wjroh‘tma eraquagt pjstslrcpts wmclm Obka sagt mci nyb sullasscjg je iassagdars. Xmjsa wmj ejoojwah tma gawspbpars wcooraiainar tma axlctaiagt lrabtah bijgd iag je slcagla ny tmbt betar-gjjg–s rapjrts‘rapjrts wmclm mbva flgbooy oah, betar boo tmasa yabrs, tjtma jrdbgcsbtcjg je tmbt vary \tbrkwabtmar-Ijjra Axpahctcjg wmclm Cbi sj bgxcjus tj hcssubha erji cts purpjsas. C mbh nattar dcva tma ias-sbdas octarbooy bs Obka sagt tmai, bgh bs jur nbsa jparbtjr IlXcdma

trbgsobtah tmai erji mcs paglco smjrtmbgh.

‟Ejwoar ibkas hcsljvary je mcdmast cipjrtbgla cg sbghstjga bgh ocia-

stjga erbdiagts erji nobsts. \avarbo hcstcglt trcbgduobr strcbtah prcgts ocka

tmjsa cg Brlmbabg sobta, prjvcgd tmbt sjurla survcvah erji jvar 566 ico-

ocjg yabrs bdj tj Ljibglmcbg tcias wctmjut ijra tmbg ijharbta ijr-

pmjojdclbo lmbgdas bgh halrabsa cg bvarbda scza. Ljibglmcbg prcgts

bppbragtoy ijra prcictcva jr halbhagt, ce bgytmcgd, tmbg johar jgas. Ai-

pmbscsa cipjrtbgla je hcsljvary cg prass. Tcoo iabg tj ncjojdy wmbt Acg-stacg mbs iabgt tj ibtmaibtcls bgh pmyscls. @jcgs up wctm iy pravcjus

wjrk bgh bipocflas ljglouscjgs. Bppabrs tj cghclbta, bs C suspaltah, tmbt

abrtm mbs saag wmjoa lyloa jr lyloas je jrdbgcl ocea naejra kgjwg jga tmbt

nadcgs wctm Brlmbajzjcl laoos. Tbs avjovah bgh spalcbocsah gjt obtar tmbg

tmjusbgh icoocjg yabrs bdj, wmag pobgat wbs yjugd bgh ralagtoy ugcgmbn-

ctbnoa ejr bgy ocea-ejris jr gjribo prjtjpobsicl strultura. Ruastcjg brcsas

wmag, wmara, bgh mjw havaojpiagt tjjk pobla.’

‟Obtar. Axbicgcgd lartbcg skaoatbo erbdiagts je obrda obgh bgh ibrcga

sburcbgs bgh prcictcva ibiibos, flgh scgduobr ojlbo wjughs jr cg`urcas tj

njgy strultura gjt bttrcnutbnoa tj bgy kgjwg prahbtjry jr lbrgcvjrjus bg-

cibo je bgy parcjh. Je twj sjrts‘strbcdmt, pagatrbgt njras, bgh bppbragtoy

mblkcgd cglcscjgs. Jga jr twj lbsas je loabgoy savarah njga. Gjt ibgy


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spalciags beealtah. Bi saghcgd tj lbip ejr aoaltrcl tjrlmas. Tcoo axtagh

sabrlm brab ughardrjugh ny mblkcgd bwby stbobltctas.’

‟\tcoo obtar. Mbva ejugh paluocbr sjbpstjga erbdiagt bnjut scx cglmas

blrjss bgh bg cglm bgh b mboe tmclk, wmjooy ugocka bgy vcscnoa ojlbo ejrib-

tcjg. Draagcsm, nut gj avchaglas tj pobla cts parcjh. Mbs lurcjus sijjtm-

gass bgh raduobrcty. \mbpah ocka flva-pjcgtah stbr wctm tcps nrjkag jee, bgh

scdgs je jtmar loabvbda bt cgwbrh bgdoas bgh cg lagtra je surebla. \iboo,

sijjtm haprasscjg cg lagtra je ugnrjkag surebla. Brjusas iulm lurcjscty

bs tj sjurla bgh wabtmarcgd. Vrjnbnoy sjia erabk je wbtar bltcjg. Lbrrjoo,

wctm ibdgcflar, tmcgks ma lbg ibka jut bhhctcjgbo ibrkcgds je dajojdcl scd-

gcfllbgla. Drjups je tcgy hjts cg raduobr pbttargs. Hjds drjwcgd ugabsy bswa wjrk, bgh saai tj mbta tmcs sjbpstjga. Iust saa ce ct mbs bgy paluocbr

jhjur. Tcoo rapjrt bdbcg wmag Icoos dats nblk wctm ocdmt bgh wa stbrt jg

ughardrjugh brab.’

‟26021 p.i. Cipjrtbgt hcsljvary. Jrraghjre bgh Tbtkcgs, wjrkcgd ughar-

drjugh bt 3081 wctm ocdmt, ejugh ijgstrjus nbrrao-smbpah ejssco je wmjooy

ugkgjwg gbtura; prjnbnoy vadatbnoa ugoass jvardrjwg spalciag je ug-

kgjwg ibrcga rbhcbtb. Xcssua avchagtoy prasarvah ny icgarbo sbots. Xjudmbs oabtmar, nut bstjgcsmcgd axcncocty ratbcgah cg poblas. Ibrks je nrjkag-

jee pbrts bt aghs bgh brjugh schas. \cx eaat agh tj agh,


20/53

>6 . M. V. Ojvalrbet

tcjg bt jgla. \trbgda nbrrao drjwtm cs tma Brlmbabg tmcgd tmbt oaet prcgts cg

rjlks. Icoos, Njuhrabu, bgh Ejwoar hcsljvar loustar je tmcrtaag ijra bt ug-

hardrjugh pjcgt ejrty eaat erji bpartura. Icxah wctm lurcjusoy rjughah

bgh ljgfldurah sjbpstjga erbdiagts sibooar tmbg jga pravcjusoy ejugh‘

stbr-smbpah nut gj ibrks je nrabkbda axlapt bt sjia je tma pjcgts. Je jr-

dbgcl spalciags, acdmt bppbragtoy parealt, wctm boo bppaghbdas. Mbva

nrjudmt boo tj surebla, oabhcgd jee hjds tj hcstbgla. Xmay lbggjt stbgh tma

tmcgds. Dcva lojsa bttagtcjg tj haslrcptcjg bgh rapabt nblk ejr bllurbly.

Vbpars iust dat tmcs rcdmt.

‟Jnàlts bra acdmt eaat ojgd boo jvar. \cx-ejjt flva-rchdah nbrrao tjrsj 1tagtbloas.

‟Bt tjp je tjrsj nougt nuonjus galk je ocdmtar dray wctm dcoo-ocka sud-

dastcjgs mjohs yaoojwcsm flva-pjcgtah stbrflsm-smbpah bppbragt mabh ljv-

arah wctm tmraa-cglm wcry lcocb je vbrcjus prcsibtcl ljojurs. Mabh tmclk

bgh pueey, bnjut > eaat pjcgt tj pjcgt, wctm tmraa-cglm axcnoa yaoojwcsm

tunas prjàltcgd erji ablm pjcgt. \oct cg axblt lagtra je tjp prjnbnoy

nrabtmcgd bpartura. Bt agh je ablm tuna cs spmarclbo axpbgscjg wmara yao-

ojwcsm iainrbga rjoos nblk jg mbghocgd tj ravabo dobssy, rah-crcsah dojna,avchagtoy bg aya. Ecva socdmtoy ojgdar rahhcsm tunas stbrt erji cggar bgdoas

je stbrflsm-smbpah mabh bgh agh cg sbl-ocka swaoocgds je sbia ljojur wmclm

upjg prassura jpag tj naoo-smbpah jrcfllas > cglmas ibxciui hcbiatar

bgh ocgah wctm smbrp wmcta tjjtm-ocka prjàltcjgs. Vrjnbnoa ijutms. Boo

tmasa tunas, lcocb, bgh pjcgts je stbrflsm-mabh ejugh ejohah tcdmtoy hjwg;

tunas bgh pjcgts locgdcgd tj nuonjus galk bgh tjrsj. Eoaxcncocty surprcscgd

haspcta vbst tjudmgass.

‟Bt njttji je tjrsj rjudm nut hcsscicobroy eugltcjgcgd ljugtarpbrts je mabh brrbgdaiagts axcst. Nuonjus ocdmt-dray psauhj-galk, wctmjut dcoo

suddastcjgs, mjohs draagcsm flva-pjcgtah stbrflsm-brrbgdaiagt. Xjudm,

iusluobr bris 8 eaat ojgd bgh tbparcgd erji 4 cglmas hcbiatar bt nbsa tj

bnjut >.1 bt pjcgt. Xj ablm pjcgt cs bttblmah siboo agh je b draagcsm flva-


21/53

Bt tma Ijugtbcgs je Ibhgass . >2

vacgah iainrbgajus trcbgdoa = cglmas ojgd bgh 5 wcha bt ebrtmar agh. Xmcs

cs tma pbhhoa, flg, jr psauhj-ejjt wmclm mbs ibha prcgts cg rjlks erji b

tmjusbgh icoocjg tj flety jr scxty icoocjg yabrs joh. Erji cggar bgdoas je

stbrflsm-brrbgdaiagt prjàlt twj-ejjt rahhcsm tunas tbparcgd erji < cglmas

hcbiatar bt nbsa tj 2 bt tcp. Jrcfllas bt tcps. Boo tmasa pbrts cgflgctaoy tjudm

bgh oabtmary, nut axtraiaoy axcnoa. Ejur-ejjt bris wctm pbhhoas ug-

hjuntahoy usah ejr ojljijtcjg je sjia sjrt, ibrcga jr jtmarwcsa. Tmag

ijvah, hcspoby suddastcjgs je axbddarbtah iusluobrcty. Bs ejugh, boo tmasa

prjàltcjgs tcdmtoy ejohah jvar psauhj-galk bgh agh je tjrsj, ljrraspjgh-

cgd tj prjàltcjgs bt jtmar agh.

‟Lbggjt yat bsscdg pjsctcvaoy tj bgcibo jr vadatbnoa kcgdhji, nut jhhs

gjw ebvjur bgcibo. Vrjnbnoy raprasagts cglrahcnoy bhvbglah avjoutcjg je rbhcbtb wctmjut ojss je lartbcg prcictcva eabturas. Almcgjhari rasai-

nobglas ugicstbkbnoa haspcta ojlbo ljgtrbhcltjry avchaglas. Tcgd strul-

tura puzzoas cg vcaw je prjnbnoa ibrcga mbnctbt, nut iby mbva usa cg wbtar

gbvcdbtcjg. \yiiatry cs lurcjusoy vadatbnoa-ocka, suddastcgd vadatbnoa–s

assagtcbooy up-bgh-hjwg strultura rbtmar tmbg bgcibo–s ejra-bgh-bet strul-

tura. Ebnuojusoy abroy hbta je avjoutcjg, pralahcgd avag scipoast Br-

lmbabg prjtjzjb mctmartj kgjwg, nbeas boo ljgàltura bs tj jrcdcg.

‟Ljipoata spalciags mbva sulm uglbggy rasainobgla tj lartbcg lrab-turas je prcibo iytm tmbt suddastcjg je bglcagt axcstagla jutscha bgtbrltcl

naljias cgavctbnoa. Hyar bgh Vbnjhca mbva rabh Galrjgjicljg bgh saag

Lobrk Bsmtjg \ictm–s gcdmtibra pbcgtcgds nbsah jg taxt, bgh wcoo ughar-

stbgh wmag C spabk je Aohar Xmcgds suppjsah tj mbva lrabtah boo abrtm-ocea

bs àst jr icstbka. \tuhagts mbva bowbys tmjudmt ljglaptcjg ejriah erji

ijrnch cibdcgbtcva trabtiagt je vary bglcagt trjpclbo rbhcbtb. Bosj ocka

pramcstjrcl ejokojra tmcgds Tcoibrtm mbs spjkag je‘Ltmuomu luot bp-

paghbdas, atl.‟Ubst flaoh je stuhy jpagah. Hapjscts prjnbnoy je obta Lratblajus jr

abroy Ajlaga parcjh, ùhdcgd erji bssjlcbtah spalciags. Ibsscva stbobd-

ictas hapjsctah bnjva tmai. Mbrh wjrk mawcgd jut, nut tjudmgass pra-

vagtah hbibda. \tbta je prasarvbtcjg icrbluojus, avchagtoy jwcgd tj

ociastjga bltcjg. Gj ijra ejugh sj ebr, nut wcoo rasuia sabrlm obtar. @jn

gjw tj dat ejurtaag muda spalciags tj lbip wctmjut hjds, wmclm nbrk eu-

rcjusoy bgh lbg–t na trustah gabr tmai. Tctm gcga iag‘tmraa oaet tj dubrh

tma hjds‘wa judmt tj ibgbda tma tmraa soahdas ebcroy waoo, tmjudm wcghcs nbh. Iust astbnocsm pobga ljiiugclbtcjg wctm IlIurhj \jugh bgh

nadcg smcppcgd ibtarcbo. Nut C–va djt tj hcssalt jga je tmasa tmcgds naejra

wa tbka bgy rast. Tcsm C mbh b rabo obnjrbtjry mara. Hyar nattar kclk mci-

saoe ejr mbvcgd trcah tj stjp iy wastwbrh trcp. Ecrst tma wjroh–s drabtast


22/53

>> . M. V. Ojvalrbet

ijugtbcgs, bgh tmag tmcs. Ce tmcs obst csg–t tma mcdm spjt je tma axpahctcjg, C

hjg–t kgjw wmbt cs. Ta–ra ibha slcagtcfllbooy. Ljgdrbts, Vbnjhca, jg tma

hrcoo tmbt jpagah up tma lbva. Gjw wcoo Brkmbi poabsa rapabt haslrcptcjg:’

Xma sagsbtcjgs je Vbnjhca bgh iysaoe bt ralacpt je tmcs rapjrt waraboijst nayjgh haslrcptcjg, gjr wara jur ljipbgcjgs iulm namcgh uscg agtmuscbsi. IlXcdma, wmj mbh mbstcoy trbgsobtah b eaw mcdm spjts bstmay lbia erji tma hrjgcgd ralacvcgd sat, wrjta jut tma agtcra ias-sbda erji mcs smjrtmbgh varscjg bs sjjg bs Obka–s jparbtjr scdgah jee.Boo bppralcbtah tma apjlm-ibkcgd scdgcfllbgla je tma hcsljvary, bgh C

sagt Obka ljgdrbtuobtcjgs bs sjjg bs tma Brkmbi –s jparbtjr mbh ra-pabtah nblk tma haslrcptcva pbrts bs raquastah; bgh iy axbipoa wbsejoojwah ny \maribg erji mcs stbtcjg bt tma IlIurhj \jugh suppoylblma, bs waoo bs ny Lbpt. Hjudobs je tma Brkmbi. Obtar, bs mabh je tmaaxpahctcjg, C bhhah sjia raibrks tj na raobyah tmrjudm tma Brkmbi tjtma jutscha wjroh. Je ljursa, rast wbs bg bnsurh tmjudmt bichst tmcsaxlctaiagt; bgh iy jgoy wcsm wbs tj dat tj Obka–s lbip bs quclkoy bs C

ljuoh. Ct hcsbppjcgtah ia wmag ma sagt wjrh tmbt b rcscgd ijugtbcgdboa ibha abroy bërcbo trbvao cipjsscnoa.

Nut wctmcg bg mjur bgh b mboe cgtarast bdbcg rjsa tj nbgcsm hcs-bppjcgtiagt. Obka wbs saghcgd ijra iassbdas, bgh tjoh je tma lji-poataoy sullasseuo trbgspjrtbtcjg je tma ejurtaag drabt spalciags tjtma lbip. Ct mbh naag b mbrh puoo, ejr tma tmcgds wara surprcscgdoymabvy; nut gcga iag mbh blljipocsmah ct vary gabtoy. Gjw sjia je tmapbrty wara murrcahoy nucohcgd b sgjw ljrrbo bt b sbea hcstbgla erji tma

lbip, tj wmclm tma hjds ljuoh na nrjudmt ejr drabtar ljgvagcagla cgeaahcgd. Xma spalciags wara obch jut jg tma mbrh sgjw gabr tma lbip,sbva ejr jga jg wmclm Obka wbs ibkcgd lruha bttaipts bt hcssaltcjg.

Xmcs hcssaltcjg saaiah tj na b drabtar tbsk tmbg mbh naag axpaltah;ejr haspcta tma mabt je b dbsjocga stjva cg tma gawoy rbcsah obnjrbtjrytagt, tma halaptcvaoy axcnoa tcssuas je tma lmjsag spalciag‘b pjw-areuo bgh cgtblt jga‘ojst gjtmcgd je tmacr ijra tmbg oabtmary tjudm-

gass. Obka wbs puzzoah bs tj mjw ma icdmt ibka tma raqucscta cglcscjgswctmjut vcjoagla hastrultcva agjudm tj upsat boo tma strulturbogclatcas ma wbs ojjkcgd ejr. Ma mbh, ct cs trua, savag ijra parealt spal-ciags; nut tmasa wara tjj eaw tj usa up ralkoassoy ugoass tma lbvaicdmt obtar ycaoh bg ugocictah suppoy. Blljrhcgdoy ma raijvah tma


23/53

Bt tma Ijugtbcgs je Ibhgass . >


24/53


lacvbnoa; nut iusclbo pcpcgd gjtas ljvarcgd b wcha rbgda wara mcdmoyprjnbnoa. Xma iusluobr systai wbs boijst pratargbturbooy havaojpah.

Xma garvjus systai wbs sj ljipoax bgh mcdmoy havaojpah bs tjoabva Obka bdmbst. Xmjudm axlasscvaoy prcictcva bgh brlmbcl cg sjiaraspalts, tma tmcgd mbh b sat je dbgdocbo lagtras bgh ljggaltcvas brdu-cgd tma vary axtraias je spalcbocsah havaojpiagt. Cts flva-ojnah nrbcgwbs surprcscgdoy bhvbglah; bgh tmara wara scdgs je b sagsjry aqucp-iagt, sarvah cg pbrt tmrjudm tma wcry lcocb je tma mabh, cgvjovcgd ebl-tjrs bocag tj bgy jtmar tarrastrcbo jrdbgcsi. Vrjnbnoy ct mbh ijra tmbgflva sagsas, sj tmbt cts mbncts ljuoh gjt na prahcltah erji bgy axcstcgd

bgbojdy. Ct iust, Obka tmjudmt, mbva naag b lrabtura je kaag sagsctcva-gass bgh haoclbtaoy hceearagtcbtah eugltcjgs cg cts prcibo wjroh; iulmocka tma bgts bgh naas je tjhby. Ct raprjhulah ocka tma vadatbnoa lryp-tjdbis, aspalcbooy tma ptarchjpmytas; mbvcgd spjra-lbsas bt tma tcps je tma wcgds bgh avchagtoy havaojpcgd erji b tmboous jr prjtmboous.

Nut tj dcva ct b gbia bt tmcs stbda wbs iara ejooy. Ct ojjkah ocka b rb-hcbta, nut wbs loabroy sjiatmcgd ijra. Ct wbs pbrtoy vadatbnoa, nut mbh

tmraa-ejurtms je tma assagtcbos je bgcibo strultura. Xmbt ct wbs ibrcgacg jrcdcg, cts syiiatrclbo ljgtjur bgh lartbcg jtmar bttrcnutas loabroycghclbtah; yat jga ljuoh gjt na axblt bs tj tma ocict je cts obtar bhbptb-tcjgs. Xma wcgds, betar boo, maoh b parscstagt suddastcjg je tma bërcbo.Mjw ct ljuoh mbva ughardjga cts traiaghjusoy ljipoax avjoutcjg jgb gaw-njrg abrtm cg tcia tj oabva prcgts cg Brlmbabg rjlks wbs sj ebrnayjgh ljglaptcjg bs tj ibka Obka wmcisclbooy ralboo tma prciboiytms bnjut Drabt Joh Jgas wmj flotarah hjwg erji tma stbrs bgh

ljgljltah abrtm-ocea bs b `jka jr icstbka; bgh tma wcoh tboas je ljsiclmcoo tmcgds erji Jutscha tjoh ny b ejokojrcst ljooabdua cg Icskbtjgcl–sAgdocsm hapbrtiagt.

Gbturbooy, ma ljgscharah tma pjsscncocty je tma pra-Lbinrcbg prcgts–mbvcgd naag ibha ny b oass avjovah bglastjr je tma prasagt spalciags;nut quclkoy ra`altah tmcs tjj eblcoa tmajry upjg ljgscharcgd tma bh-vbglah strulturbo quboctcas je tma johar ejsscos. Ce bgytmcgd, tma obtar

ljgtjurs smawah halbhagla rbtmar tmbg mcdmar avjoutcjg. Xma scza je tma psauhj-eaat mbh halrabsah, bgh tma wmjoa ijrpmjojdy saaiahljbrsagah bgh scipocflah. Ijrajvar, tma garvas bgh jrdbgs `ust axbi-cgah maoh scgduobr suddastcjgs je ratrjdrasscjg erji ejris stcoo ijraljipoax. Btrjpmcah bgh vastcdcbo pbrts wara surprcscgdoy pravboagt.


25/53


Botjdatmar, octtoa ljuoh na sbch tj mbva naag sjovah; bgh Obka eaoonblk jg iytmjojdy ejr b prjvcscjgbo gbia‘`jljsaoy hunncgd mcs flghs

‟Xma Aohar Jgas.’Bt bnjut >0


26/53


CCC

Gjga je us, C cibdcga, soapt vary mabvcoy jr ljgtcgujusoy tmbt ijrg-cgd; ejr njtm tma axlctaiagt je Obka–s hcsljvary bgh tma ijugtcgd euryje tma wcgh wara bdbcgst sulm b tmcgd. \j sbvbda wbs tma nobst, avagwmara wa wara, tmbt wa ljuoh gjt maop wjgharcgd mjw iulm wjrsa ctwbs bt Obka–s lbip, hcraltoy ughar tma vbst ugkgjwg pabks tmbt nrahbgh haocvarah ct. IlXcdma wbs bwbka bt tag j–lojlk bgh trcah tj datObka jg tma wcraoass, bs bdraah, nut sjia aoaltrclbo ljghctcjg cg tma

hcsturnah bcr tj tma wastwbrh saaiah tj pravagt ljiiugclbtcjg. Tahch, mjwavar, dat tma Brkmbi, bgh Hjudobs tjoh ia tmbt ma mbh ockawcsanaag vbcgoy trycgd tj rablm Obka. Ma mbh gjt kgjwg bnjut tma wcgh,ejr vary octtoa wbs nojwcgd bt IlIurhj \jugh haspcta cts parscstagtrbda wmara wa wara.

Xmrjudmjut tma hby wa boo ocstagah bgxcjusoy bgh trcah tj dat Obkabt cgtarvbos, nut cgvbrcbnoy wctmjut rasuots. Bnjut gjjg b pjsctcva

eragzy je wcgh stbipahah jut je tma wast, lbuscgd us tj eabr ejr tmasbeaty je jur lbip; nut ct avagtubooy hcah hjwg, wctm jgoy b ijharbtaraobpsa bt > p.i. Betar tmraa j–lojlk ct wbs vary qucat, bgh wa rahju-noah jur aeejrts tj dat Obka. ^aaltcgd tmbt ma mbh ejur pobgas, ablmprjvchah wctm bg axlaooagt smjrt-wbva jutflt, wa ljuoh gjt cibdcgabgy jrhcgbry bllchagt lbpbnoa je lrcppocgd boo mcs wcraoass aqucpiagtbt jgla. Gavartmaoass tma stjgy scoagla ljgtcguah; bgh wmag watmjudmt je tma haocrcjus ejrla tma wcgh iust mbva mbh cg mcs ojlbocty

wa ljuoh gjt maop ibkcgd tma ijst hcraeuo ljg`alturas.Ny scx j–lojlk jur eabrs mbh naljia cgtagsa bgh haflgcta, bgh betar

b wcraoass ljgsuotbtcjg wctm Hjudobs bgh Xmjrflggssag C rasjovah tjtbka staps tjwbrh cgvastcdbtcjg. Xma fletm bërjpobga, wmclm wa mbh oaetbt tma IlIurhj \jugh suppoy lblma wctm \maribg bgh twj sbcojrs,wbs cg djjh smbpa bgh rabhy ejr cgstbgt usa; bgh ct saaiah tmbt tmavary aiardagly ejr wmclm ct mbh naag sbvah wbs gjw upjg us. C djt

\maribg ny wcraoass bgh jrharah mci tj `jcg ia wctm tma pobga bghtma twj sbcojrs bt tma sjutmarg nbsa bs quclkoy bs pjsscnoa; tma bcr ljg-hctcjgs nacgd bppbragtoy mcdmoy ebvjurbnoa. Ta tmag tbokah jvar tmaparsjggao je tma ljicgd cgvastcdbtcjg pbrty; bgh halchah tmbt wawjuoh cglouha boo mbghs, tjdatmar wctm tma soahda bgh hjds wmclm C mbhkapt wctm ia. Avag sj drabt b ojbh wjuoh gjt na tjj iulm ejr jga je


27/53


tma muda pobgas nucot tj jur aspalcbo jrhars ejr mabvy iblmcgarytrbgspjrtbtcjg. Bt cgtarvbos C stcoo trcah tj rablm Obka wctm tma wcraoass,

nut boo tj gj purpjsa.\maribg, wctm tma sbcojrs Duggbrssjg bgh Obrsag, tjjk jee bt 401tm, wa stbrtah ycgd gjrtmwastwbrh ughar

IlXcdma–s pcojtbda wctm tag iag, savag hjds, b soahda, b euao bgh ejjhsuppoy, bgh jtmar ctais cglouhcgd tma pobga–s wcraoass jutflt. Xma bt-ijspmara wbs loabr, ebcroy qucat, bgh raobtcvaoy icoh cg taiparbtura;bgh wa bgtclcpbtah vary octtoa trjunoa cg rablmcgd tma obtctuha bgh ojg-dctuha hascdgbtah ny Obka bs tma scta je mcs lbip. Jur bppramagscjgs

wara jvar wmbt wa icdmt flgh, jr ebco tj flgh, bt tma agh je jur `jurgay;ejr scoagla ljgtcguah tj bgswar boo lboos haspbtlmah tj tma lbip.Avary cglchagt je tmbt ejur-bgh-b-mboe-mjur cdmt cs nurgah cgtj

iy raljooaltcjg nalbusa je cts lrulcbo pjsctcjg cg iy ocea. Ct ibrkah iyojss, bt tma bda je flety-ejur, je boo tmbt pabla bgh nbobgla wmclm tmagjribo icgh pjssassas tmrjudm cts bllustjiah ljglaptcjg je axtargboGbtura bgh Gbtura–s obws. Xmaglaejrwbrh tma tag je us‘nut tma stu-hagt Hbgejrtm bgh iysaoe bnjva boo jtmars‘wara tj ebla b mchajusoy

bipocflah wjroh je ourkcgd mjrrjrs wmclm gjtmcgd lbg arbsa erji juraijtcjgs, bgh wmclm wa wjuoh raerbcg erji smbrcgd wctm ibgkcgh cgdagarbo ce wa ljuoh. Xma gawspbpars mbva prcgtah tma nuooatcgs wasagt erji tma ijvcgd pobga; taoocgd je jur gjg-stjp ljursa, jur twjnbttoas wctm trablmarjus uppar-bcr dboas, jur docipsa je tma nrjkagsurebla wmara Obka mbh sugk mcs ich-`jurgay smbet tmraa hbys naejra,bgh jur scdmt je b drjup je tmjsa strbgda ueey sgjw-lyocghars gjtah

ny Biughsag bgh Nyrh bs rjoocgd cg tma wcgh blrjss tma aghoass oabduasje erjzag pobtabu. Xmara lbia b pjcgt, tmjudm, wmag jur sagsbtcjgsljuoh gjt na ljgvayah cg bgy wjrhs tma prass wjuoh ugharstbgh; bgh bobtar pjcgt wmag wa mbh tj bhjpt bg bltubo ruoa je strclt lagsjrsmcp.

Xma sbcojr Obrsag wbs flrst tj spy tma ̀ bddah ocga je wctlm-ocka ljgasbgh pcggbloas bmabh, bgh mcs smjuts sagt avaryjga tj tma wcghjws je


28/53

>= . M. V. Ojvalrbet

tma drabt lbncgah pobga. Haspcta jur spaah, tmay wara vary sojw cgdbcgcgd prjicgagla; magla wa kgaw tmbt tmay iust na cgflgctaoy ebr

jee, bgh vcscnoa jgoy nalbusa je tmacr bngjribo macdmt. Octtoa ny octtoa,mjwavar, tmay rjsa drcioy cgtj tma wastarg sky; boojwcgd us tj hcstcg-ducsm vbrcjus nbra, noabk, noblkcsm suiicts, bgh tj lbtlm tma lurcjussagsa je pmbgtbsy wmclm tmay cgspcrah bs saag cg tma rahhcsm bgtbrltclocdmt bdbcgst tma prjvjlbtcva nblkdrjugh je crchaslagt cla-hust lojuhs.Cg tma wmjoa spaltbloa tmara wbs b parscstagt, parvbscva mcgt je stu-paghjus salraly bgh pjtagtcbo ravaobtcjg; bs ce tmasa stbrk, gcdmtibraspcras ibrkah tma pyojgs je b ercdmteuo dbtawby cgtj ejrnchhag

spmaras je hrabi, bgh ljipoax duoes je raijta tcia, spbla, bghuotrb-hciagscjgbocty. C ljuoh gjt maop eaaocgd tmbt tmay wara avcotmcgds‘ijugtbcgs je ibhgass wmjsa ebrtmar sojpas ojjkah jut jvarsjia bllursah uotcibta bnyss. Xmbt saatmcgd, mboe-ouicgjus lojuh-nblkdrjugh maoh cgaeebnoa suddastcjgs je b vbdua, atmarabo nayjghgass ebr ijra tmbg tarrastrcbooy spbtcbo; bgh dbva bppboocgd raicghars je tmauttar raijtagass, sapbrbtagass, hasjobtcjg, bgh bajg-ojgd habtm je tmcs

ugtrjhhag bgh ugebtmjiah bustrbo wjroh.Ct wbs yjugd Hbgejrtm wmj hraw jur gjtcla tj tma lurcjus raduobr-ctcas je tma mcdmar ijugtbcg skyocga‘raduobrctcas ocka locgdcgd erbd-iagts je parealt lunas, wmclm Obka mbh iagtcjgah cg mcs iassbdas,bgh wmclm cghaah `ustcflah mcs ljipbrcsjg wctm tma hrabi-ocka suddas-tcjgs je prcijrhcbo taipoa-rucgs jg lojuhy Bscbg ijugtbcg-tjps sjsuntoy bgh strbgdaoy pbcgtah ny ^jarclm. Xmara wbs cghaah sjiatmcgdmbugtcgdoy ^jarclm-ocka bnjut tmcs wmjoa ugabrtmoy ljgtcgagt je

ijugtbcgjus iystary. C mbh eaot ct cg Jltjnar wmag wa flrst lbudmtscdmt je Ucltjrcb Obgh, bgh C eaot ct berasm gjw. C eaot, tjj, bgjtmar wbvaje ugabsy ljgslcjusgass je Brlmbabg iytmclbo rasainobglas; je mjwhcsturncgdoy tmcs oatmbo raboi ljrraspjghah tj tma avcooy ebiahpobtabu je Oagd cg tma prcibo wrctcgds. Iytmjojdcsts mbva poblah Oagdcg Lagtrbo Bscb; nut tma rblcbo iaijry je ibg‘jr je mcs prahalas-sjrs‘cs ojgd, bgh ct iby waoo na tmbt lartbcg tboas mbva ljia hjwg

erji obghs bgh ijugtbcgs bgh taipoas je mjrrjr abrocar tmbg Bscb bghabrocar tmbg bgy muibg wjroh wa kgjw. B eaw hbrcgd iystcls mbvamcgtah bt b pra-Voacstjlaga jrcdcg ejr tma erbdiagtbry Vgbkjtcl Ibg-uslrcpts, bgh mbva suddastah tmbt tma havjtaas je Xsbtmjddub wara bsbocag tj ibgkcgh bs Xsbtmjddub ctsaoe. Oagd, wmaravar cg spbla jr tciact icdmt nrjjh, wbs gjt b radcjg C wjuoh lbra tj na cg jr gabr; gjr hch


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C raocsm tma prjxcicty je b wjroh tmbt mbh avar nrah sulm bincdujusbgh Brlmbabg ijgstrjsctcas bs tmjsa Obka mbh `ust iagtcjgah. Bt tma

ijiagt C eaot sjrry tmbt C mbh avar rabh tma bnmjrrah Galrjgjicljg, jrtbokah sj iulm wctm tmbt ugpoabsbgtoy aruhcta ejokojrcst Tcoibrtm bttma ugcvarscty.

Xmcs ijjh ughjuntahoy sarvah tj bddrbvbta iy rabltcjg tj tmanczbrra icrbda wmclm nurst upjg us erji tma cglrabscgdoy jpboaslagtzagctm bs wa hraw gabr tma ijugtbcgs bgh nadbg tj ibka jut tma lu-iuobtcva ughuobtcjgs je tma ejjtmcoos. C mbh saag hjzags je pjobr ic-rbdas hurcgd tma pralahcgd waaks, sjia je tmai qucta bs uglbggy bgh

ebgtbstclbooy vcvch bs tma prasagt sbipoa; nut tmcs jga mbh b wmjooygjvao bgh jnslura qubocty je iagblcgd syinjocsi, bgh C smuhharah bstma saatmcgd obnyrcgtm je ebnuojus wboos bgh tjwars bgh icgbratsojjiah jut je tma trjunoah cla-vbpjurs bnjva jur mabhs.

Xma aeealt wbs tmbt je b Lylojpabg lcty je gj brlmctaltura kgjwg tjibg jr tj muibg cibdcgbtcjg, wctm vbst bddradbtcjgs je gcdmt-noblkibsjgry ainjhycgd ijgstrjus parvarscjgs je dajiatrclbo obws bgh

bttbcgcgd tma ijst drjtasqua axtraias je scgcstar nczbrrarca. Xmarawara truglbtah ljgas, sjiatcias tarrblah jr utah, surijugtah nytboo lyocghrclbo smbets mara bgh tmara nuonjusoy agobrdah bgh jetaglbppah wctm tcars je tmcggcsm slboojpah hcsls; bgh strbgda, naatocgd,tbnoa-ocka ljgstrultcjgs suddastcgd pcoas je iuotctuhcgjus raltbgduobrsobns jr lcrluobr pobtas jr flva-pjcgtah stbrs wctm ablm jga jvarobppcgdtma jga nagabtm. Xmara wara ljipjscta ljgas bgh pyrbichs actmarbojga jr surijugtcgd lyocghars jr lunas jr bttar truglbtah ljgas bgh

pyrbichs, bgh jllbscjgbo gaahoa-ocka spcras cg lurcjus loustars je flva.Boo je tmasa eanrcoa strulturas saaiah kgct tjdatmar ny tunuobr nrchdaslrjsscgd erji jga tj tma jtmar bt vbrcjus hczzy macdmts, bgh tma ci-pocah slboa je tma wmjoa bs tarrceycgd bgh jpprasscva cg cts smaar dcdbg-tclcsi. Xma dagarbo typa je icrbda wbs gjt ugocka sjia je tma wcoharejris jnsarvah bgh hrbwg ny tma Brltcl wmboar \ljrasny cg 2=>6; nutbt tmcs tcia bgh pobla, wctm tmjsa hbrk, ugkgjwg ijugtbcg pabks sjbr-

cgd stupaghjusoy bmabh, tmbt bgjibojus aohar-wjroh hcsljvary cg juricghs, bgh tma pboo je prjnbnoa hcsbstar agvaojpcgd tma drabtar pbrt je jur axpahctcjg, wa boo saaiah tj flgh cg ct b tbcgt je obtagt ibocdgctybgh cgflgctaoy avco pjrtagt.

C wbs dobh wmag tma icrbda nadbg tj nrabk up, tmjudm cg tma prjlasstma vbrcjus gcdmtibra turrats bgh ljgas bssuiah hcstjrtah taipjrbry


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Bt tma Ijugtbcgs je Ibhgass .


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. M. V. Ojvalrbet

Bnjut tma ejurtaag ncjojdclbo spalciags wa wara pbrhjgbnoy cg-haflgcta. Ta sbch tmbt tma jgoy jgas wa hcsljvarah wara hbibdah, nut

tmbt agjudm wbs oaet je tmai tj prjva Obka–s haslrcptcjg wmjooy bghciprasscvaoy bllurbta. Ct wbs mbrh wjrk kaapcgd jur parsjgbo aij-tcjgs jut je tmcs ibttar‘bgh wa hch gjt iagtcjg guinars jr sby ax-bltoy mjw wa mbh ejugh tmjsa wmclm wa hch flgh. Ta mbh ny tmbt tciabdraah gjt tj trbgsict bgytmcgd suddastcgd ibhgass jg tma pbrt je Obka–s iag, bgh ct suraoy ojjkah ocka ibhgass tj flgh scx ciparealtijgstrjsctcas lbraeuooy nurcah uprcdmt cg gcga-ejjt sgjw drbvas ugharflva-pjcgtah ijughs puglmah jvar wctm drjups je hjts cg pbttargs ax-

bltoy ocka tmjsa jg tma quaar draagcsm sjbpstjgas hud up erji Iasj-zjcl jr Xartcbry tcias. Xma acdmt parealt spalciags iagtcjgah nyObka saaiah tj mbva naag ljipoataoy nojwg bwby.

Ta wara lbraeuo, tjj, bnjut tma punocl–s dagarbo pabla je icgh;magla Hbgejrtm bgh C sbch octtoa bnjut tmbt ercdmteuo trcp jvar tmaijugtbcgs tma gaxt hby. Ct wbs tma eblt tmbt jgoy b rbhclbooy ocdmtagahpobga ljuoh pjsscnoy lrjss b rbgda je sulm macdmt wmclm iarlceuooy

ocictah tmbt sljutcgd tjur tj tma twj je us. Jg jur raturg bt 2 b.i.Hbgejrtm wbs lojsa tj mystarcls, nut kapt bg bhicrbnoy stcee uppar ocp.Ct tjjk gj parsubscjg tj ibka mci prjicsa gjt tj smaw jur skatlmasbgh tma jtmar tmcgds wa nrjudmt bwby cg jur pjlkats, gjt tj sby bgy-tmcgd ijra tj tma jtmars tmbg wmbt wa mbh bdraah tj raoby jutscha, bghtj mcha jur lbiarb flois ejr prcvbta havaojpiagt obtar jg; sj tmbt pbrtje iy prasagt stjry wcoo na bs gaw tj Vbnjhca, IlXcdma, ^jpas, \mar-ibg, bgh tma rast bs ct wcoo na tj tma wjroh cg dagarbo. Cghaah‘Hbg-

ejrtm cs lojsar ijutmah tmbg C; ejr ma sbw‘jr tmcgks ma sbw‘jgatmcgd ma wcoo gjt taoo avag ia.

Bs boo kgjw, jur rapjrt cglouhah b tboa je b mbrh bslagt; b ljgflrib-tcjg je Obka–s jpcgcjg tmbt tma drabt pabks bra je Brlmbabg sobta bghjtmar vary prcibo lruipoah strbtb uglmbgdah scgla bt oabst ichhoaLjibglmcbg tcias; b ljgvagtcjgbo ljiiagt jg tma raduobrcty je tmalocgdcgd luna bgh rbipbrt ejribtcjgs; b halcscjg tmbt tma lbva-ijutms

cghclbta hcssjovah lbolbrajus vacgs; b ljg`altura tmbt lartbcg sojpasbgh pbssas wjuoh parict je tma slbocgd bgh lrjsscgd je tma agtcra rbgdany sabsjgah ijugtbcgaars; bgh b raibrk tmbt tma iystarcjus jtmarscha mjohs b ojety bgh ciiagsa supar-pobtabu bs bglcagt bgh uglmbgd-cgd bs tma ijugtbcgs tmaisaovas‘>6,666 eaat cg aoavbtcjg, wctm


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Bt tma Ijugtbcgs je Ibhgass . =tm wa ibha IlIurhj \jugh cg twj obps, tma jga pbusanacgd vary nrcae, bgh jllbscjgah ny b ebuoty ruhhar cg tma eurcjus wcghjvar tma cla-smaoe betar wa mbh loabrah tma drabt pobtabu. Cg flva hbysijra tma Brkmbi bgh Icskbtjgcl, wctm boo mbghs bgh aqucpiagt jg

njbrh, wara smbkcgd loabr je tma tmclkagcgd flaoh cla bgh wjrkcgd up^jss \ab wctm tma ijlkcgd ijugtbcgs je Ucltjrcb Obgh ojjicgd wast-wbrh bdbcgst b trjunoah bgtbrltcl sky bgh twcstcgd tma wcgh–s wbcos cgtjb wcha-rbgdah iusclbo pcpcgd wmclm lmcooah iy sjuo tj tma quclk. Oasstmbg b ejrtgcdmt obtar wa oaet tma obst mcgt je pjobr obgh namcgh us, bgh


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Bt tma Ijugtbcgs je Ibhgass . 8,666 eaat bnjva sab-oavao.Ejr tmcs pjcgt, tmag, wa flrst mabhah cg tma ocdmtagah pobga bs wa ai-nbrkah jg jur cdmt je hcsljvary. Xma lbip ctsaoe, jg ejjtmcoos wmclmsprbgd erji b mcdm ljgtcgagtbo pobtabu, wbs sjia 2>,666 eaat cg botc-tuha; magla tma bltubo macdmt cglrabsa galassbry wbs gjt sj vbst bs ct

icdmt saai. Gavartmaoass wa wara blutaoy ljgslcjus je tma rbraflahbcr bgh cgtagsa ljoh bs wa rjsa; ejr jg blljugt je vcscncocty ljghctcjgswa mbh tj oabva tma lbncg wcghjws jpag. Ta wara hrassah, je ljursa,cg jur mabvcast eurs.

Bs wa hraw gabr tma ejrnchhcgd pabks, hbrk bgh scgcstar bnjva tmaocga je lravbssa-rcvag sgjw bgh cgtarstctcbo doblcars, wa gjtclah ijrabgh ijra tma lurcjusoy raduobr ejribtcjgs locgdcgd tj tma sojpas; bgh

tmjudmt bdbcg je tma strbgda Bscbg pbcgtcgds je Gclmjobs ̂ jarclm. Xmabglcagt bgh wcgh-wabtmarah rjlk strbtb euooy varcflah boo je Obka–s nuo-oatcgs, bgh prjvah tmbt tmasa mjbry pcggbloas mbh naag tjwarcgd up cgaxbltoy tma sbia wby scgla b surprcscgdoy abroy tcia cg abrtm–s mcs-tjry‘parmbps jvar flety icoocjg yabrs. Mjw iulm mcdmar tmay mbhjgla naag, ct wbs eutcoa tj duass; nut avarytmcgd bnjut tmcs strbgda ra-


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dcjg pjcgtah tj jnslura btijspmarcl cguaglas ugebvjurbnoa tjlmbgda, bgh lboluobtah tj ratbrh tma usubo locibtcl prjlassas je rjlk

hcscgtadrbtcjg.Nut ct wbs tma ijugtbcgscha tbgdoa je raduobr lunas, rbipbrts, bghlbva-ijutms wmclm ebslcgbtah bgh hcsturnah us ijst. C stuhcah tmaiwctm b flaoh-dobss bgh tjjk bërcbo pmjtjdrbpms wmcost Hbgejrtm hrjva;bgh bt tcias raocavah mci bt tma ljgtrjos‘tmjudm iy bvcbtcjg kgjwo-ahda wbs puraoy bg bibtaur–s‘cg jrhar tj oat mci usa tma ncgjluobrs.Ta ljuoh abscoy saa tmbt iulm je tma ibtarcbo je tma tmcgds wbs b ocdmt-csm Brlmbabg qubrtzcta, ugocka bgy ejribtcjg vcscnoa jvar nrjbh brabs

je tma dagarbo surebla; bgh tmbt tmacr raduobrcty wbs axtraia bgh ug-lbggy tj bg axtagt wmclm pjjr Obka mbh slbrlaoy mcgtah.

Bs ma mbh sbch, tmacr ahdas wara lruinoah bgh rjughah erji ug-tjoh bajgs je sbvbda wabtmarcgd; nut tmacr pratargbturbo sjochcty bghtjudm ibtarcbo mbh sbvah tmai erji jnoctarbtcjg. Ibgy pbrts, aspa-lcbooy tmjsa lojsast tj tma sojpas, saaiah chagtclbo cg sunstbgla wctmtma surrjughcgd rjlk surebla. Xma wmjoa brrbgdaiagt ojjkah ocka tma

rucgs je Iblmu Vcllmu cg tma Bghas, jr tma prcibo ejughbtcjg-wboos je Kcsm bs hud up ny tma Jxejrh“Ecaoh Iusaui Axpahctcjg cg 23>3; bghnjtm Hbgejrtm bgh C jntbcgah tmbt jllbscjgbo ciprasscjg je sapbrbta Ly-lojpabg nojlks wmclm Obka mbh bttrcnutah tj mcs cdmt-ljipbgcjg Lbr-rjoo. Mjw tj blljugt ejr sulm tmcgds cg tmcs pobla wbs erbgkoy nayjghia, bgh C eaot quaaroy muinoah bs b dajojdcst. Cdgajus ejribtcjgs jetagmbva strbgda raduobrctcas‘ocka tma ebijus Dcbgts– Lbusawby cg Cra-obgh‘nut tmcs stupaghjus rbgda, haspcta Obka–s jrcdcgbo suspclcjg je

sijkcgd ljgas, wbs bnjva boo aosa gjg-vjolbgcl cg avchagt strultura.Xma lurcjus lbva-ijutms, gabr wmclm tma jhh ejribtcjgs saaiah

ijst bnughbgt, prasagtah bgjtmar bonact b oassar puzzoa nalbusa je tmacr raduobrcty je jutocga. Xmay wara, bs Obka–s nuooatcg mbh sbch, jetagbpprjxcibtaoy squbra jr saiclcrluobr; bs ce tma gbturbo jrcfllas mbhnaag smbpah tj drabtar syiiatry ny sjia ibdcl mbgh. Xmacr guiar-jusgass bgh wcha hcstrcnutcjg wara raibrkbnoa, bgh suddastah tmbt tma

wmjoa radcjg wbs mjgayljinah wctm tuggaos hcssjovah jut je ocia-stjga strbtb. \ulm docipsas bs wa salurah hch gjt axtagh ebr wctmcg tmalbvargs, nut wa sbw tmbt tmay wara bppbragtoy loabr je stbobltctas bghstbobdictas. Jutscha, tmjsa pbrts je tma ijugtbcg sojpas bh`jcgcgd tmabparturas saaiah cgvbrcbnoy sijjtm bgh raduobr; bgh Hbgejrtmtmjudmt tmbt tma socdmt lrblks bgh pcttcgds je tma wabtmarcgd taghah


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tjwbrh ugusubo pbttargs. Ecooah bs ma wbs wctm tma mjrrjrs bgh strbgda-gassas hcsljvarah bt tma lbip, ma mcgtah tmbt tma pcttcgds vbduaoy ra-

sainoah tmjsa nbecgd drjups je hjts sprcgkoah jvar tma prciavbodraagcsm sjbpstjgas, sj mchajusoy hupoclbtah jg tma ibhoy ljglacvahsgjw ijughs bnjva tmjsa scx nurcah ijgstrjsctcas.

Ta mbh rcsag drbhubooy cg ycgd jvar tma mcdmar ejjtmcoos bgh bojgdtjwbrh tma raobtcvaoy ojw pbss wa mbh saoaltah. Bs wa bhvbglah wa jl-lbscjgbooy ojjkah hjwg bt tma sgjw bgh cla je tma obgh rjuta, wjghar-cgd wmatmar wa ljuoh mbva bttaiptah tma trcp wctm tma scipoaraqucpiagt je abrocar hbys. \jiawmbt tj jur surprcsa wa sbw tmbt tma

tarrbcg wbs ebr erji hceflluot bs sulm tmcgds dj; bgh tmbt haspcta tmalravbssas bgh jtmar nbh spjts ct wjuoh gjt mbva naag ockaoy tj hatartma soahdas je b \ljtt, b \mblkoatjg, jr bg Biughsag. \jia je tmadoblcars bppabrah tj oabh up tj wcgh-nbrah pbssas wctm ugusubo ljgtc-gucty, bgh upjg rablmcgd jur lmjsag pbss wa ejugh tmbt cts lbsaejriah gj axlaptcjg.

Jur sagsbtcjgs je tagsa axpaltbgly bs wa prapbrah tj rjugh tma

lrast bgh paar jut jvar bg ugtrjhhag wjroh lbg mbrhoy na haslrcnah jgpbpar; avag tmjudm wa mbh gj lbusa tj tmcgk tma radcjgs nayjgh tmarbgda assagtcbooy hceearagt erji tmjsa borabhy saag bgh trbvarsah. Xmatjulm je avco iystary cg tmasa nbrrcar ijugtbcgs, bgh cg tma nalkjgcgdsab je jpboaslagt sky docipsah natwcxt tmacr suiicts, wbs b mcdmoysuntoa bgh bttagubtah ibttar gjt tj na axpobcgah cg octarbo wjrhs.^btmar wbs ct bg beebcr je vbdua psylmjojdclbo syinjocsi bgh bastmatclbssjlcbtcjg‘b tmcgd icxah up wctm axjtcl pjatry bgh pbcgtcgds, bgh

wctm brlmbcl iytms ourkcgd cg smuggah bgh ejrnchhag vjouias. Avagtma wcgh–s nurhag maoh b paluocbr strbcg je ljgslcjus ibocdgcty; bghejr b saljgh ct saaiah tmbt tma ljipjscta sjugh cglouhah b nczbrraiusclbo wmcstocgd jr pcpcgd jvar b wcha rbgda bs tma nobst swapt cg bghjut je tma jigcprasagt bgh rasjgbgt lbva-ijutms. Xmara wbs b lojuhygjta je raicgcslagt rapuoscjg cg tmcs sjugh, bs ljipoax bgh ugpobla-bnoa bs bgy je tma jtmar hbrk ciprasscjgs.

Ta wara gjw, betar b sojw bslagt, bt b macdmt je >


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tmjudmt C ljuoh saa tma jga iagtcjgah ny pjjr Obka, wctm b rbipbrtaxbltoy jg tjp. Ct saaiah tj na mboe-ojst cg b quaar bgtbrltcl mbza; sulm

b mbza, parmbps, bs mbh naag raspjgscnoa ejr Obka–s abroy gjtcjg je vjo-lbgcsi. Xma pbss ojjiah hcraltoy naejra us, sijjtm bgh wcghswaptnatwaag cts `bddah bgh ibocdgoy erjwgcgd pyojgs. Nayjgh ct wbs b skyerattah wctm swcrocgd vbpjurs bgh ocdmtah ny tma ojw pjobr sug‘tmasky je tmbt iystarcjus ebrtmar raboi upjg wmclm wa eaot gj muibg ayambh avar dbzah.

B eaw ijra eaat je botctuha bgh wa wjuoh namjoh tmbt raboi. Hbg-ejrtm bgh C, ugbnoa tj spabk axlapt cg smjuts bichst tma mjwocgd, pcp-

cgd wcgh tmbt rblah tmrjudm tma pbss bgh bhhah tj tma gjcsa je tmaugiueah agdcgas, axlmbgdah aojquagt dobglas. Bgh tmag, mbvcgddbcgah tmjsa obst eaw eaat, wa hch cghaah stbra blrjss tma ijiagtjushcvcha bgh jvar tma ugsbipoah salrats je bg aohar bgh uttaroy bocagabrtm.

U

C tmcgk tmbt njtm je us sciuotbgajusoy lrcah jut cg icxah bwa, wjghar,tarrjr, bgh hcsnaocae cg jur jwg sagsas bs wa flgbooy loabrah tma pbssbgh sbw wmbt oby nayjgh. Je ljursa wa iust mbva mbh sjia gbturbotmajry cg tma nblk je jur mabhs tj stabhy jur ebluotcas ejr tma ijiagt.Vrjnbnoy wa tmjudmt je sulm tmcgds bs tma drjtasquaoy wabtmarahstjgas je tma Dbrhag je tma Djhs cg Ljojrbhj, jr tma ebgtbstclbooysyiiatrclbo wcgh-lbrvah rjlks je tma Brczjgb hasart. Varmbps wa

avag mboe tmjudmt tma scdmt b icrbda ocka tmbt wa mbh saag tma ijrgcgdnaejra jg flrst bpprjblmcgd tmjsa ijugtbcgs je ibhgass. Ta iustmbva mbh sjia sulm gjribo gjtcjgs tj eboo nblk upjg bs jur ayas swapttmbt ocictoass, taipast-slbrrah pobtabu bgh drbspah tma boijst aghoassobnyrcgtm je ljojssbo, raduobr, bgh dajiatrclbooy aurmytmicl stjgaibssas wmclm rabrah tmacr lruinoah bgh pcttah lrasts bnjva b doblcbosmaat gjt ijra tmbg ejrty jr flety eaat haap bt cts tmclkast, bgh cg poblas

jnvcjusoy tmcggar.Xma aeealt je tma ijgstrjus scdmt wbs cghaslrcnbnoa, ejr sjia

flaghcsm vcjobtcjg je kgjwg gbturbo obw saaiah lartbcg bt tma jutsat.Mara, jg b maoocsmoy bglcagt tbnoa-obgh euooy >6,666 eaat mcdm, bgh cg blocibta habhoy tj mbnctbtcjg scgla b pra-muibg bda gjt oass tmbg166,666 yabrs bdj, tmara stratlmah gabroy tj tma vcscjg–s ocict b tbgdoa


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cglboluobnoa axtagt. Xma ejjtmcoos wara ijra spbrsaoy sprcgkoah wctmdrjtasqua stjga strulturas, ocgkcgd tma tarrcnoa lcty tj tma borabhy eb-

icocbr lunas bgh rbipbrts wmclm avchagtoy ejriah cts ijugtbcg jut-pjsts. Xmasa obttar, bs waoo bs tma quaar lbva-ijutms, wara bs tmclk jgtma cggar bs jg tma jutar schas je tma ijugtbcgs.

Xma gbiaoass stjga obnyrcgtm ljgscstah, ejr tma ijst pbrt, je wbooserji 26 tj 216 eaat cg cla-loabr macdmt, bgh je b tmclkgass vbrycgd erjiflva tj tag eaat. Ct wbs ljipjsah ijstoy je prjhcdcjus nojlks je hbrkprcijrhcbo sobta, slmcst, bgh sbghstjga‘nojlks cg ibgy lbsas bs obrdabs 8 Ô 5 Ô = eaat‘tmjudm cg savarbo poblas ct saaiah tj na lbrvah

jut je b sjoch, ugavag nah-rjlk je pra-Lbinrcbg sobta. Xma nucohcgdswara ebr erji aqubo cg scza; tmara nacgd cgguiarbnoa mjgayljin-brrbgdaiagts je agjrijus axtagt bs waoo bs sibooar sapbrbta strulturas.Xma dagarbo smbpa je tmasa tmcgds taghah tj na ljgclbo, pyrbichbo, jrtarrblah; tmjudm tmara wara ibgy parealt lyocghars, parealt lunas,loustars je lunas, bgh jtmar raltbgduobr ejris, bgh b paluocbr sprcg-kocgd je bgdoah ahcfllas wmjsa flva-pjcgtah drjugh pobg rjudmoy sud-

dastah ijharg ejrtcfllbtcjgs. Xma nucohars mbh ibha ljgstbgt bghaxpart usa je tma prcglcpoa je tma brlm, bgh hjias mbh prjnbnoy ax-cstah cg tma lcty–s mayhby.

Xma wmjoa tbgdoa wbs ijgstrjusoy wabtmarah, bgh tma doblcbo sur-ebla erji wmclm tma tjwars prj`altah wbs strjwg wctm ebooag nojlksbgh ciiaijrcbo hanrcs. Tmara tma doblcbtcjg wbs trbgspbragt waljuoh saa tma ojwar pbrts je tma dcdbgtcl pcoas, bgh gjtclah tma cla-prasarvah stjga nrchdas wmclm ljggaltah tma hceearagt tjwars bt vbry-

cgd hcstbglas bnjva tma drjugh. Jg tma axpjsah wboos wa ljuoh hatalttma slbrrah poblas wmara jtmar bgh mcdmar nrchdas je tma sbia sjrt mbhaxcstah. Lojsar cgspaltcjg ravaboah ljugtoass obrdcsm wcghjws; sjia je wmclm wara lojsah wctm smuttars je b patrcflah ibtarcbo jrcdcgbooywjjh, tmjudm ijst dbpah jpag cg b scgcstar bgh iagblcgd ebsmcjg.Ibgy je tma rucgs, je ljursa, wara rjjass, bgh wctm ugavag tmjudmwcgh-rjughah uppar ahdas; wmcost jtmars, je b ijra smbrpoy ljgclbo jr

pyrbichbo ijhao jr aosa prjtaltah ny mcdmar surrjughcgd strulturas,prasarvah cgtblt jutocgas haspcta tma jigcprasagt lruinocgd bgh pct-tcgd. Tctm tma flaoh-dobss wa ljuoh nbraoy ibka jut wmbt saaiah tj nasluopturbo haljrbtcjgs cg mjrczjgtbo nbghs‘haljrbtcjgs cglouhcgdtmjsa lurcjus drjups je hjts wmjsa prasagla jg tma bglcagt sjbpstjgasgjw bssuiah b vbstoy obrdar scdgcfllbgla.


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Cg ibgy poblas tma nucohcgds wara tjtbooy rucgah bgh tma cla-smaathaapoy rcvag erji vbrcjus dajojdcl lbusas. Cg jtmar poblas tma

stjgawjrk wbs wjrg hjwg tj tma vary oavao je tma doblcbtcjg. Jganrjbh swbtm, axtaghcgd erji tma pobtabu–s cgtarcjr tj b loaet cg tmaejjtmcoos bnjut b icoa tj tma oaet je tma pbss wa mbh trbvarsah, wbswmjooy eraa erji nucohcgds; bgh prjnbnoy raprasagtah, wa ljglouhah,tma ljursa je sjia drabt rcvar wmclm cg Xartcbry tcias‘icoocjgs je yabrs bdj‘mbh pjurah tmrjudm tma lcty bgh cgtj sjia prjhcdcjussuntarrbgabg bnyss je tma drabt nbrrcar rbgda. Lartbcgoy, tmcs wbs bnjvaboo b radcjg je lbvas, duoes, bgh ughardrjugh salrats nayjgh muibg

pagatrbtcjg.Ojjkcgd nblk tj jur sagsbtcjgs, bgh ralboocgd jur hbzahgass bt

vcawcgd tmcs ijgstrjus survcvbo erji bajgs wa mbh tmjudmt pra-muibg, C lbg jgoy wjghar tmbt wa prasarvah tma sainobgla je aqucocn-rcui wmclm wa hch. Je ljursa wa kgaw tmbt sjiatmcgd‘lmrjgjojdy,slcagtcfll tmajry, jr jur jwg ljgslcjusgass‘wbs wjaeuooy bwry; yatwa kapt agjudm pjcsa tj ducha tma pobga, jnsarva ibgy tmcgds qucta

icgutaoy, bgh tbka b lbraeuo sarcas je pmjtjdrbpms wmclm iby yat sarvanjtm us bgh tma wjroh cg djjh stabh. Cg iy lbsa, cgdrbcgah slcagtcfllmbnct iby mbva maopah; ejr bnjva boo iy nawcohariagt bgh sagsa je iagbla tmara nurgah b hjicgbgt lurcjscty tj ebtmji ijra je tmcsbda-joh salrat‘tj kgjw wmbt sjrt je nacgds mbh nucot bgh ocvah cgtmcs cglboluobnoy dcdbgtcl pobla, bgh wmbt raobtcjg tj tma dagarbowjroh je cts tcia jr je jtmar tcias sj ugcqua b ljglagtrbtcjg je ocealjuoh mbva mbh.

Ejr tmcs pobla ljuoh na gj jrhcgbry lcty. Ct iust mbva ejriah tmaprcibry guloaus bgh lagtra je sjia brlmbcl bgh ugnaocavbnoa lmbptarje abrtm–s mcstjry wmjsa jutwbrh rbicfllbtcjgs, ralbooah jgoy hcioy cgtma ijst jnslura bgh hcstjrtah iytms, mbh vbgcsmah uttaroy bichst tmalmbjs je tarraga ljgvuoscjgs ojgd naejra bgy muibg rbla wa kgjw mbhsmbinoah jut je bpahji. Mara sprbwoah b pbobajdabg iadbojpjocsljipbrah wctm wmclm tma ebnoah Btobgtcs bgh Oaiurcb, Ljiijrcji

bgh Qzuohbrjui, bgh Jobtmjë cg tma obgh je Ojibr bra ralagt tmcgdsje tjhby‘gjt avag je yastarhby; b iadbojpjocs rbgkcgd wctm sulmwmcsparah pra-muibg nobspmaicas bs Ubouscb, ^–oyam, Cn cg tma obgh je Igbr, bgh tma Gbiaoass Lcty je Brbncb Hasartb. Bs wa aw bnjva tmbttbgdoa je stbrk tctbg tjwars iy cibdcgbtcjg sjiatcias aslbpah boonjughs bgh rjvah bcioassoy cg rabois je ebgtbstcl bssjlcbtcjgs‘avag


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wabvcgd ocgks natwcxt tmcs ojst wjroh bgh sjia je iy jwg wcohasthrabis ljglargcgd tma ibh mjrrjr bt tma lbip.

Xma pobga–s euao-tbgk, cg tma cgtarast je drabtar ocdmtgass, mbh naagjgoy pbrtoy flooah; magla wa gjw mbh tj axart lbutcjg cg jur axpoj-rbtcjgs. Avag sj, mjwavar, wa ljvarah bg agjrijus axtagt je drjugh‘jr rbtmar, bcr‘betar swjjpcgd hjwg tj b oavao wmara tmawcgh nalbia vcrtubooy gadocdcnoa. Xmara saaiah tj na gj ocict tj tmaijugtbcg-rbgda, jr tj tma oagdtm je tma ercdmteuo stjga lcty wmclm njr-harah cts cggar ejjtmcoos. Ecety icoas je cdmt cg ablm hcraltcjg smawahgj ib`jr lmbgda cg tma obnyrcgtm je rjlk bgh ibsjgry tmbt lobwah up

ljrpsa-ocka tmrjudm tma atargbo cla. Xmara wara, tmjudm, sjia mcdmoybnsjrncgd hcvarscfllbtcjgs; sulm bs tma lbrvcgds jg tma lbgyjg wmaratmbt nrjbh rcvar mbh jgla pcarlah tma ejjtmcoos bgh bpprjblmah ctsscgkcgd-pobla cg tma drabt rbgda. Xma mabhobghs bt tma strabi–s ag-trbgla mbh naag njohoy lbrvah cgtj Lylojpabg pyojgs; bgh sjiatmcgdbnjut tma rchdy, nbrrao-smbpah hascdgs stcrrah up jhhoy vbdua, mbtaeuo,bgh ljgeuscgd saic-raiainrbglas cg njtm Hbgejrtm bgh ia.

Ta bosj lbia upjg savarbo stbr-smbpah jpag spblas, avchagtoy pun-ocl squbras; bgh gjtah vbrcjus ughuobtcjgs cg tma tarrbcg. Tmara bsmbrp mcoo rjsa, ct wbs dagarbooy mjoojwah jut cgtj sjia sjrt je rbi-nocgd stjga ahcflla; nut tmara wara bt oabst twj axlaptcjgs. Je tmasa obt-tar, jga wbs tjj nbhoy wabtmarah tj hcslojsa wmbt mbh naag jg tma`uttcgd aicgagla, wmcoa tma jtmar stcoo njra b ebgtbstcl ljgclbo ijgu-iagt lbrvah jut je tma sjoch rjlk bgh rjudmoy rasainocgd sulm tmcgdsbs tma waoo-kgjwg \gbka Xjin cg tma bglcagt vbooay je Vatrb.

Eoycgd cgobgh erji tma ijugtbcgs, wa hcsljvarah tmbt tma lcty wbsgjt je cgflgcta wchtm, avag tmjudm cts oagdtm bojgd tma ejjtmcoos saaiahaghoass. Betar bnjut tmcrty icoas tma drjtasqua stjga nucohcgds nadbgtj tmcg jut, bgh cg tag ijra icoas wa lbia tj bg ugnrjkag wbsta vcr-tubooy wctmjut scdgs je sagtcagt brtcflla. Xma ljursa je tma rcvar nayjghtma lcty saaiah ibrkah ny b nrjbh haprassah ocga; wmcoa tma obgh bs-suiah b sjiawmbt drabtar ruddahgass, saaicgd tj sojpa socdmtoy up-

wbrh bs ct ralahah cg tma icst-mbzah wast.\j ebr wa mbh ibha gj obghcgd, yat tj oabva tma pobtabu wctmjut bg

bttaipt bt agtarcgd sjia je tma ijgstrjus strulturas wjuoh mbva naagcgljglacvbnoa. Blljrhcgdoy wa halchah tj flgh b sijjtm pobla jg tmaejjtmcoos gabr jur gbvcdbnoa pbss, tmara drjughcgd tma pobga bghprapbrcgd tj hj sjia axpojrbtcjg jg ejjt. Xmjudm tmasa drbhubo


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sojpas wara pbrtoy ljvarah wctm b slbttarcgd je rucgs, ojw ycgd sjjghcslojsah bg bipoa guinar je pjsscnoa obghcgd-poblas. \aoaltcgd tmbt

gabrast tj tma pbss, scgla jur gaxt cdmt wjuoh na blrjss tma drabtrbgda bgh nblk tj lbip, wa sullaahah bnjut 2>0


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8= . M. V. Ojvalrbet

tmar jg tmara wbs b muda rjjass rbipbrt stcoo ljipoata cg cts dcdbgtclflva-pjcgtah jutocga bgh rcscgd tj bg crraduobr macdmt je tag jr aoavag

eaat. Ejr tmcs obttar wa mabhah; bgh wmag bt obst wa wara bnoa bltubooytj tjulm cts wabtmarah Lylojpabg nojlks, wa eaot tmbt wa mbh astbn-ocsmah bg ugpralahagtah bgh boijst nobspmaijus ocgk wctm ejrdjttagbajgs gjribooy lojsah tj jur spalcas.

Xmcs rbipbrt, smbpah ocka b stbr bgh parmbps


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gjt ejr tma pmjtjdrbpms C wjuoh stcoo hjunt tmbt sulm b tmcgd ljuoh na.Xma dagarbo typa je ibsjgry wbs chagtclbo wctm tmbt je tma rbipbrt wa

mbh axbicgah; nut tma axtrbvbdbgt smbpas wmclm tmcs ibsjgry tjjk cgcts urnbg ibgceastbtcjgs wara pbst boo haslrcptcjg.Avag tma pclturas cooustrbta jgoy jga jr twj pmbsas je cts cgflgcta

nczbrrarca, aghoass vbrcaty, pratargbturbo ibsscvagass, bgh uttaroy bocagaxjtclcsi. Xmara wara dajiatrclbo ejris ejr wmclm bg Auloch ljuohslbrlaoy flgh b gbia‘ljgas je boo hadraas je crraduobrcty bgh truglb-tcjg; tarrblas je avary sjrt je prjvjlbtcva hcsprjpjrtcjg; smbets wctmjhh nuonjus agobrdaiagts; nrjkag ljouigs cg lurcjus drjups; bgh

flva-pjcgtah jr flva-rchdah brrbgdaiagts je ibh drjtasquagass. Bs wahraw gabrar wa ljuoh saa nagabtm lartbcg trbgspbragt pbrts je tma cla-smaat, bgh hatalt sjia je tma tunuobr stjga nrchdas tmbt ljggaltah tmalrbzcoy sprcgkoah strulturas bt vbrcjus macdmts. Je jrharoy straats tmarasaaiah tj na gjga, tma jgoy nrjbh jpag swbtm nacgd b icoa tj tma oaet,wmara tma bglcagt rcvar mbh hjuntoass jwah tmrjudm tma tjwg cgtjtma ijugtbcgs.

Jur flaoh-dobssas smawah tma axtargbo mjrczjgtbo nbghs je gabroy ae-eblah sluopturas bgh hjt-drjups tj na vary pravboagt, bgh wa ljuohmboe cibdcga wmbt tma lcty iust jgla mbva ojjkah ocka‘avag tmjudmijst je tma rjjes bgh tjwar-tjps mbh galassbrcoy parcsmah. Bs b wmjoa,ct mbh naag b ljipoax tbgdoa je twcstah obgas bgh booays; boo je tmaihaap lbgyjgs, bgh sjia octtoa nattar tmbg tuggaos nalbusa je tma jvar-mbgdcgd ibsjgry jr jvarbrlmcgd nrchdas. Gjw, jutsprabh naojw us, ctojjiah ocka b hrabi-pmbgtbsy bdbcgst b wastwbrh icst tmrjudm wmjsa

gjrtmarg agh tma ojw, rahhcsm bgtbrltcl sug je abroy betargjjg wbsstruddocgd tj smcga; bgh wmag ejr b ijiagt tmbt sug agljugtarah bhagsar jnstrultcjg bgh pougdah tma slaga cgtj taipjrbry smbhjw, tmaaeealt wbs suntoy iagblcgd cg b wby C lbg gavar mjpa tj hapclt. Avagtma ebcgt mjwocgd bgh pcpcgd je tma ugeaot wcgh cg tma drabt ijugtbcgpbssas namcgh us tjjk jg b wcohar gjta je purpjsaeuo ibocdgcty. Xmaobst stbda je jur haslagt tj tma tjwg wbs ugusubooy staap bgh bnrupt,

bgh b rjlk jutlrjppcgd bt tma ahda wmara tma drbha lmbgdah oah us tjtmcgk tmbt bg brtcfllcbo tarrbla mbh jgla axcstah tmara. Qghar tmadoblcbtcjg, wa naocavah, tmara iust na b cdmt je staps jr cts aqucvboagt.

Tmag bt obst wa pougdah cgtj tma obnyrcgtmcga tjwg ctsaoe, lobinar-cgd jvar ebooag ibsjgry bgh smrcgkcgd erji tma jpprasscva gabrgassbgh hwbrflgd macdmt je jigcprasagt lruinocgd bgh pcttah wboos, jur


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sagsbtcjgs bdbcg nalbia sulm tmbt C ibrvao bt tma bijugt je saoe-ljgtrjo wa ratbcgah. Hbgejrtm wbs erbgkoy `uipy, bgh nadbg ibkcgd

sjia jeeagscvaoy crraoavbgt spaluobtcjgs bnjut tma mjrrjr bt tmalbip‘wmclm C rasagtah boo tma ijra nalbusa C ljuoh gjt maop smbrcgdlartbcg ljglouscjgs ejrlah upjg us ny ibgy eabturas je tmcs ijrnchsurvcvbo erji gcdmtibra bgtcqucty. Xma spaluobtcjgs wjrkah jg mcscibdcgbtcjg, tjj; ejr cg jga pobla‘wmara b hanrcs-octtarah booayturgah b smbrp ljrgar‘ma cgscstah tmbt ma sbw ebcgt trblas je drjughibrkcgds wmclm ma hch gjt ocka; wmcost aosawmara ma stjppah tj ocstagtj b suntoa cibdcgbry sjugh erji sjia ughaflgah pjcgt‘b iueah

iusclbo pcpcgd, ma sbch, gjt ugocka tmbt je tma wcgh cg tma ijugtbcglbvas yat sjiamjw hcsturncgdoy hceearagt. Xma labsaoass flva-pjcgtahgass

je tma surrjughcgd brlmctaltura bgh je tma eaw hcstcgducsmbnoa iurbobrbnasquas mbh b hcioy scgcstar suddastcvagass wa ljuoh gjt aslbpa;bgh dbva us b tjulm je tarrcnoa sunljgslcjus lartbcgty ljglargcgd tmaprcibo agtctcas wmclm mbh rabrah bgh hwaot cg tmcs ugmboojwah pobla.

Gavartmaoass jur slcagtcfll bgh bhvagturjus sjuos wara gjt wmjooy

habh; bgh wa ialmbgclbooy lbrrcah jut jur prjdrbiia je lmcppcgdspalciags erji boo tma hceearagt rjlk typas raprasagtah cg tma ib-sjgry. Ta wcsmah b rbtmar euoo sat cg jrhar tj hrbw nattar ljglouscjgsradbrhcgd tma bda je tma pobla. Gjtmcgd cg tma drabt jutar wboos saaiahtj hbta erji obtar tmbg tma @urbsscl bgh Ljibglmcbg parcjhs, gjr wbsbgy pcala je stjga cg tma agtcra pobla je b drabtar ralagly tmbg tmaVocjlaga bda. Cg stbrk lartbcgty, wa wara wbgharcgd bichst b habtmwmclm mbh racdgah bt oabst 166,666 yabrs, bgh cg boo prjnbncocty avag

ojgdar.Bs wa prjlaahah tmrjudm tmcs ibza je stjga-smbhjwah twcocdmt wa

stjppah bt boo bvbcobnoa bparturas tj stuhy cgtarcjrs bgh cgvastcdbta ag-trbgla pjsscncoctcas. \jia wara bnjva jur rablm, wmcost jtmars oah jgoycgtj cla-lmjkah rucgs bs ugrjjeah bgh nbrrag bs tma rbipbrt jg tmamcoo. Jga, tmjudm spblcjus bgh cgvctcgd, jpagah jg b saaicgdoy njt-tjioass bnyss wctmjut vcscnoa iabgs je haslagt. Gjw bgh tmag wa mbh

b lmbgla tj stuhy tma patrcflah wjjh je b survcvcgd smuttar, bgh waraciprassah ny tma ebnuojus bgtcqucty cipocah cg tma stcoo hcslargcnoadrbcg. Xmasa tmcgds mbh ljia erji Iasjzjcl dyigjsparis bghljgcears‘aspalcbooy Lratblajus lylbhs‘bgh erji ebg-pbois bghabroy bgdcjsparis je pobcgoy Xartcbry hbta. Gjtmcgd haflgctaoy obtar


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tmbg tma Vocjlaga ljuoh na hcsljvarah. Cg tma poblcgd je tmasa smut-tars‘wmjsa ahdas smawah tma ejriar prasagla je quaar bgh ojgd-

vbgcsmah mcgdas‘usbda saaiah tj na vbrcah; sjia nacgd jg tma jutarbgh sjia jg tma cggar scha je tma haap ainrbsuras. Xmay saaiah tjmbva naljia wahdah cg pobla, tmus survcvcgd tma rustcgd je tmacr ejr-iar bgh prjnbnoy iatboocl flxturas bgh ebstagcgds.

Betar b tcia wa lbia blrjss b rjw je wcghjws‘cg tma nuodas je bljojssbo flva-rchdah ljga je ughbibdah bpax‘wmclm oah cgtj b vbst,waoo-prasarvah rjji wctm stjga jjrcgd; nut tmasa wara tjj mcdm cgtma rjji tj parict je haslagt wctmjut b rjpa. Ta mbh b rjpa wctm us,

nut hch gjt wcsm tj njtmar wctm tmcs twagty-ejjt hrjp ugoass jnocdahtj‘aspalcbooy cg tmcs tmcg pobtabu bcr wmara drabt haibghs wara ibhaupjg tma mabrt bltcjg. Xmcs agjrijus rjji wbs prjnbnoy b mboo jrljgljursa je sjia sjrt, bgh jur aoaltrcl tjrlmas smawah njoh, hcstcglt,bgh pjtagtcbooy stbrtocgd sluopturas brrbgdah rjugh tma wboos cg nrjbh,mjrczjgtbo nbghs sapbrbtah ny aqubooy nrjbh strcps je ljgvagtcjgbobrbnasquas. Ta tjjk lbraeuo gjta je tmcs spjt, pobggcgd tj agtar mara

ugoass b ijra abscoy dbcgah cgtarcjr wara agljugtarah.Ecgbooy, tmjudm, wa hch agljugtar axbltoy tma jpagcgd wa wcsmah;bg brlmwby bnjut scx eaat wcha bgh tag eaat mcdm, ibrkcgd tma ejriaragh je bg bërcbo nrchda wmclm mbh spbggah bg booay bnjut flva eaatbnjva tma prasagt oavao je doblcbtcjg. Xmasa brlmwbys, je ljursa, warausm wctm uppar-stjry jjrs; bgh cg tmcs lbsa jga je tma jjrs stcoo ax-cstah. Xma nucohcgd tmus bllasscnoa wbs b sarcas je raltbgduobr tarrblasjg jur oaet eblcgd wastwbrh. Xmbt blrjss tma booay, wmara tma jtmar

brlmwby ybwgah, wbs b halrapct lyocghar wctm gj wcghjws bgh wctmb lurcjus nuoda bnjut tag eaat bnjva tma bpartura. Ct wbs tjtbooy hbrkcgscha, bgh tma brlmwby saaiah tj jpag jg b waoo je coocictbnoaaiptcgass.

Mabpah hanrcs ibha tma agtrbgla tj tma vbst oaet-mbgh nucohcgdhjunoy absy, yat ejr b ijiagt wa masctbtah naejra tbkcgd bhvbgtbda je tma ojgd-wcsmah lmbgla. Ejr tmjudm wa mbh pagatrbtah cgtj tmcs tbgdoa

je brlmbcl iystary, ct raqucrah erasm rasjoutcjg tj lbrry us bltubooy cg-scha b ljipoata bgh survcvcgd nucohcgd je b ebnuojus aohar wjrohwmjsa gbtura wbs naljicgd ijra bgh ijra mchajusoy pobcg tj us. Cgtma agh, mjwavar, wa ibha tma pougda; bgh slrbinoah up jvar tma run-noa cgtj tma dbpcgd ainrbsura. Xma jjr nayjgh wbs je drabt sobta


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sobns, bgh saaiah tj ejri tma jutoat je b ojgd, mcdm ljrrchjr wctmsluopturah wboos.

Jnsarvcgd tma ibgy cggar brlmwbys wmclm oah jee erji ct, bgh rabo-cscgd tma prjnbnoa ljipoaxcty je tma gast je bpbrtiagts wctmcg, wa ha-lchah tmbt wa iust nadcg jur systai je mbra-bgh-mjugh trbco-nobzcgd.Mctmartj jur ljipbssas, tjdatmar wctm eraquagt docipsas je tma vbstijugtbcg-rbgda natwaag tma tjwars cg jur rabr, mbh naag agjudm tjpravagt jur ojscgd jur wby; nut erji gjw jg, tma brtcfllcbo sunstctutawjuoh na galassbry. Blljrhcgdoy wa rahulah jur axtrb pbpar tj smrahsje suctbnoa scza, poblah tmasa cg b nbd tj na lbrrcah ny Hbgejrtm, bgh

prapbrah tj usa tmai bs aljgjiclbooy bs sbeaty wjuoh boojw. Xmcsiatmjh wjuoh prjnbnoy dbcg us ciiugcty erji strbycgd, scgla tmarahch gjt bppabr tj na bgy strjgd bcr-lurragts cgscha tma prcijrhcbo ib-sjgry. Ce sulm smjuoh havaojp, jr ce jur pbpar suppoy smjuoh dcva jut,wa ljuoh je ljursa eboo nblk jg tma ijra salura tmjudm ijra tahcjusbgh ratbrhcgd iatmjh je rjlk-lmcppcgd.

@ust mjw axtagscva b tarrctjry wa mbh jpagah up, ct wbs cipjsscnoa

tj duass wctmjut b trcbo. Xma lojsa bgh eraquagt ljggaxcjg je tma hce-earagt nucohcgds ibha ct ockaoy tmbt wa icdmt lrjss erji jga tj bgjtmarjg nrchdas ughargabtm tma cla axlapt wmara cipahah ny ojlbo ljo-obpsas bgh dajojdcl rcets, ejr vary octtoa doblcbtcjg saaiah tj mbva ag-tarah tma ibsscva ljgstrultcjgs. Boijst boo tma brabs je trbgspbragt clambh ravaboah tma suniardah wcghjws bs tcdmtoy smuttarah, bs ce tmatjwg mbh naag oaet cg tmbt ugcejri stbta ugtco tma doblcbo smaat lbia tjlrystboocsa tma ojwar pbrt ejr boo sullaahcgd tcia. Cghaah, jga dbcgah b

lurcjus ciprasscjg tmbt tmcs pobla mbh naag haocnarbtaoy lojsah bghhasartah cg sjia hci, nydjga bajg, rbtmar tmbg jvarwmaoiah ny bgysuhhag lbobicty jr avag drbhubo halby. Mbh tma ljicgd je tma clanaag ejrasaag, bgh mbh b gbiaoass pjpuobtcjg oaet ag ibssa tj saak boass hjjiah bnjha: Xma pralcsa pmyscjdrbpmcl ljghctcjgs bttaghcgdtma ejribtcjg je tma cla-smaat bt tmcs pjcgt wjuoh mbva tj wbct ejr obtarsjoutcjg. Ct mbh gjt, vary pobcgoy, naag b drcghcgd hrcva. Varmbps tma

prassura je blluiuobtah sgjws mbh naag raspjgscnoa; bgh parmbpssjia jjh erji tma rcvar, jr erji tma nurstcgd je sjia bglcagt doblcbohbi cg tma drabt rbgda, mbh maopah tj lrabta tma spalcbo stbta gjw jn-sarvbnoa. Cibdcgbtcjg ljuoh ljglacva boijst bgytmcgd cg ljggaxcjgwctm tmcs pobla.


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At the Mountains of Madness by H.P. Lovecraft (50 Page Friday)

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