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Astrobiology with ALMA: Searching for Prebiotic Compounds in Protoplanetary Disks Claudia Lage 1,...
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Transcript of Astrobiology with ALMA: Searching for Prebiotic Compounds in Protoplanetary Disks Claudia Lage 1,...
![Page 1: Astrobiology with ALMA: Searching for Prebiotic Compounds in Protoplanetary Disks Claudia Lage 1, Eduardo Janot-Pacheco 2, Philippe Bendjoya 3, Olga Suarez.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062422/56649ed55503460f94be6269/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Astrobiology with ALMA: Searching for Prebiotic
Compounds in Protoplanetary Disks
Claudia Lage1, Eduardo Janot-Pacheco2, Philippe
Bendjoya3, Olga Suarez3, Martine Adrian-Scotto3,
Bruno Lopez3, Alex Carciofi2, Armando Domiciano3
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Looking forward understand life's cosmic origin with ALMA
- exoplanetary formation vs. ASTROBIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT exoplanets formation
- better resolution in defining molecular mapping and complexity for different stars' ages
- complex biomolecules: how to observe them ?
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The chemical elements present in your body today were formed inside stars !!!
RELATIVE ABUNDANCE (% TOTAL)EARTH HUMAN BODY SUN
O 47.00 H 63.00 H 71.00
Si 28.00 O 25.50 He 27.10
Al 7.90 C 9.50 O 0.97
Fe 4.50 N 1.40 C 0.40
Ca 3.50 Ca 0.31 N 0.10
Na 2.50 P 0.22 Si 0.10
K 2.50 Cl 0.08 Mg 0.08
Mg 2.20 K 0.06 Ne 0.06
Ti 0.50 S 0.05 Fe 0.01
H 0.20 Na 0.03 S 0.04
C 0.20 Mg 0.01
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HBasic chemistry,
from simple to complex
life as we know it = life as we CHON it
Two-element pre-biotic compounds:CH4 CO H2O NH3
Three-element pre-biotic compounds:HCO− HCN
(formaldehyde) (hydrogen cyanide)
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Formaldehyde (HCOH),hydrogen cyanide (HCN),sugars,aminoacids
HBasic chemistry,
from simple to complex
life as we know it = life as we CHON it
Two-element pre-biotic compounds:CH4 CO H2O NH3
Three-element pre-biotic compounds:HCO− HCN
(formaldehyde) (hydrogen cyanide) Formaldehyde (HCOH),hydrogen cyanide (HCN),sugars,aminoacids
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 1972, 69(4): 809–811. Nonprotein Amino Acids from Spark Discharges and Their Comparison with the Murchison Meteorite Amino Acids, Yecheskel Wolman, William J. Haverland, and Stanley L. Miller
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What to tr@ck ? (a real highway to follow !)
- particular spectral signatures of simple biogenic C,O,N compounds, together (ex. Earth IR spectrum);
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Sugars → energy source
Nucleobases → DNA, RNA
Aminoacids → proteins
Lipids → membranes
Life building blocks – who are they ?
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Primitive abiogenic reactions supposed tohave generated life building blocks
[HCN]8 = purines (DNA nucleobases)
From simple to complex ...
Saladino et al., 2004
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Primitive abiogenic reactions supposed tohave generated life building blocks
[?] = pyrimidines (DNA nucleobase)
From simple to complex ...
Powner et al., Nature 2009
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Primitive abiogenic reactions supposed tohave generated life building blocks
HCHO = simple sugars
From simple to complex ...
Prebiotic synthesis of simple sugars by an interstellar formose reaction.Jalbout AF. Orig Life Evol Biosph, 2008, 38(6):489-497
Sugar synthesis from a gas-phase formose reaction. Jalbout AF, Abrell L, Adamowicz L, Polt R, Apponi AJ, Ziurys LM. Astrobiology, 2007, 7(3):433-442.
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Primitive abiogenic reactions supposed tohave generated life building blocks
HCHO + HCN = simple aminoacids
From simple to complex ...
acetonitrile glycine
S Miller and James Cleaves II, The prebiotic chemistry on Primitive Earth
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Primitive abiogenic reactions supposed tohave generated life building blocks
From simple to complex ...
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... now you can sleep with this challenge on your bedside table....
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Astrobiology with ALMA
Williams & Cieza 2011
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Life ELSEWHERE...setting points:
CHON
spontaneously formed complex organics (simple, together → complex)
complex biomolecules: HOW to unequivocally detect ??
☞☞
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SOME SPECTRAL DATA !!!!
The quest for detection/identification of complex biomolecules
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NIST database, http://www.nist.gov/srd/nist35.htm
TRANSITION BANDS IN IR RANGE, butNO KNOWN SPECTRUM IN RADIO
Yan Lu et al., J. Inorg. Biochem. 2003 (backbone sugar in RNA)
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THE SPECTRAL FOREST !!
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ALMA & radio spectral database: 0 lines for simpler aminoacid glycine
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VLT-MATISSE (mid-IR SpectroScopic Interferometer)
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Comparison between VLT-MATISSE and ALMA
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Modeling IR spectra of key biomolecules
– to start with feasible model vs experimental correlations
– modelization under different T, P parameters
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Take-away conclusions in the search for life elsewhere:
– define key biomolecules which detection could be better ascribed to the existence of complex chemical pathways
– seek for representative spectral bands to define spectral signatures of complex biomolecules
– modelization of radio signatures to match radio observations of potentially astrobiologically important targets → ALMA !!!
– complimentary IR / radio observations for better tracking of molecular complexity (“life” ??)
– astrochemists needed !
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AstroBio Science Team:
Claudia Lage
Eduardo Janot-Pacheco
Alex Carciofi
Philippe Bendjoya
Olga Suarez
Bruno Lopez
Martine Adrian-Scotto
Armando Domiciano
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let's dive in science now !!
thank you !!
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Primitive abiogenic reactions supposed tohave generated life building blocks
HCHO = simple sugars = complex sugars
From simple to complex ...
H. James Cleaves II, The prebiotic geochemistry of formaldehyde, Precambrian Research, 2008, 164(3-4):111–118