Asst.Prof.Dr.Surasak Mungsing

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November 18, 2009 2

What isCloud Computing?

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Objective

To provide a general overview of cloud computing including:•How could affect my future business•Is the cloud for me and my business•What are some of the issues I should consider•Why should this be important to me

Cloud computing concepts and definition Cloud Characteristics, Types and

Deployment Models Cloud infrastructure Issues Clouds vs. Traditional

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“Comes from the early days of the Internet where we drew the network as a cloud… we didn’t care where the messages went… the cloud hid it from us” – Kevin Marks, Google

First cloud around networking (TCP/IP abstraction)

Second cloud around documents (WWW data abstraction)

The emerging cloud combines the infrastructure complexities of servers, applications, data, and heterogeneous platforms

1960 - John McCarthy opined that "computation may someday be organized as a public utility"

Early 1990s – The term “cloud” comes into commercial use referring to large networks and the advancement of the Internet.

1999 – Salesforce.com is established, providing an “on demand” SaaS (Software as a Service).

2001 – IBM details the SaaS concept in their “Autonomic Computing Manifesto”

2005 – Amazon provides access to their excess capacity on a utility computing and storage basis

2007 – Google, IBM, various Universities embark on a large scale cloud computing research project

2008 – Gartner says cloud computing will “shape the relationship among consumers of IT services, those who use IT services and those who sell them”

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Lots of confusion Several different “loosely applied”

definitions a style of computing in which massively

scalable IT-related capabilities are provided "as a service" using Internet technologies to multiple external customers

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an internal or external “cloud enabled” service offering

the provision of dynamically scalable and often virtualized resources as a service over the Internet.

a general term for anything that involves delivering hosted services over the Internet.

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• Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. (NIST Definition, National Institute of Standards and Technology)

• This cloud model promotes availability and is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models.

Definition Continued

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On-demand self-service Broad network access (Internet) Resource pooling

◦Location independence Rapid elasticity Measured service

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• Cloud computing often leverages:– Massive and Rapid scalability– Homogeneity– Virtualization– Resilient computing– Low cost software– Geographic distribution, (many

datacenters)– Service orientation– Advanced security technologies

Additional Cloud Characteristics

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• Private Cloud (a.k.a. Internal Cloud)– enterprise owned or leased

• Community Cloud (a.k.a. External Cloud)– shared infrastructure for specific

community

• Public cloud (a.k.a. External Cloud)– Sold to the public, mega-scale

infrastructure

• Hybrid cloud– composition of two or more clouds

Cloud Deployment Models

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• Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS)– Use provider’s applications over a network

• Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS)– Deploy customer-created applications to a

cloud • Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

– Rent processing, storage, network capacity, and other fundamental computing resources

To be considered “cloud” services are deployed on top of cloud infrastructure that has the key characteristics

Cloud Service Models

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Issues with the Cloud• Security (number 1 concern)

• Performance• Availability• Lack of Standards• Inability to Customize• Hard to Integrate with current in-house IT• Regulatory requirements• Not enough suppliers yet

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• Clouds are massively complex systems that can be reduced to simple primitives that are replicated thousands of times

• These complexities create many issues related to security as well as all aspects of Cloud computing

• Clouds typically have a single security architecture but have many customers with different demands

• Cloud security issues may drive and define how we adopt and deploy cloud computing solutions

• Highly sensitive data is likely to be on private clouds where organizations have complete control over their security model

Analyzing Cloud Security

• Core objectives and principles that cloud computing must meet to be successful: – Security – Scalability– Availability – Performance – Cost-effective – Acquire resources on demand – Release resources when no longer needed – Pay for what you use – Leverage others’ core competencies – Turn fixed cost into variable cost

Objectives of Cloud Computing

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More on Security• Trusting vendor’s security model • Where is the data stored and who is

securing it• Inability to respond to audit requirements• Indirect administrator accountability• Loss of physical control• Data retention / backup standards• Redundancy / Disaster Recovery • Handling Compliance

o GLBA, HIPAA, SOX, PCYo State lawso International – EU Data Protection Directiveo FTC Scrutinyo SAS 70 Audits

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Peer to Peer◦ BOINC, Skype

Web Apps◦ Facebook, Twitter,

YouTube Security as a Service

◦ MessageLabs, Purewire, ScanSafe, Zscaler

Software plus services◦ Microsoft Online Services

Software as a Service◦ GoogleApps, Salesforce,

SpringCM Storage

◦ Content Distribution BitTorret, Amazon

CloudFront◦ Sychronisation

LiveMesh

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Three distinct characteristics that differentiate clouds from traditional hosting◦ It is sold on demand

Typically by the minute or the hour◦ It is elastic

A user can have as much or as little of a service as they want at any given time

◦ The service is fully managed by the provider The consumer needs nothing but a personal

computer and Internet access

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• Estimates vary widely on possible cost savingso “If you move your data center to a cloud provider, it will

cost a tenth of the cost.” – Brian Gammage, Gartner Fellow

• Use of cloud applications can reduce costs from 50% to 90% - CTO of Washington D.C.

• IT resource subscription pilot demonstrated a 28% cost savings - Alchemy Plus cloud (backing from Microsoft)

• “Using Cloud infrastructure saves 18% to 28% before considering that you no longer need to buy peak capacity” – George Reese, founder Valtira and enStratus

• When implementing Cloud you must consider other costs which may not be apparent today.

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Application Service(SaaS)

Application Platform

Server Platform

Storage Platform Amazon S3, Dell, Apple, ...

3Tera, EC2, SliceHost, GoGrid, RightScale, Linode

Google App Engine, Mosso,Force.com, Engine Yard,Facebook, Heroku, AWS

MS Live/ExchangeLabs, IBM, Google Apps; Salesforce.comQuicken Online, Zoho, Cisco

19th May, 09

mark.ba

ker@co

mputer.org

Services

Application

Development

Platform

Storage

Hosting

DescriptionServices – Complete business services such as PayPal, OpenID, OAuth, Google Maps, Alexa

Services

ApplicationFocused

InfrastructureFocused

Application – Cloud based software that eliminates the need for local installation such as Google Apps, Microsoft Online

Storage – Data storage or cloud based NAS such as CTERA, iDisk, CloudNAS

Development – Software development platforms used to build custom cloud based applications (PAAS & SAAS) such as SalesForce

Platform – Cloud based platforms, typically provided using virtualization, such as Amazon ECC, Sun Grid

Hosting – Physical data centers such as those run by IBM, HP, NaviSite, etc.

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Add new services for your users quickly and cost effectively

Software delivery model◦ Increasingly popular with SMEs◦ No hardware or software to manage◦ Service delivered through a browser

Advantages◦ Pay per use◦ Instant Scalability◦ Security◦ Reliability◦ APIs

Exampleso CRM, Financial Planning, Human Resources, Word processing

Commercial Services: Salesforce.com, emailcloud

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Platform delivery model◦ Platforms are built upon Infrastructure, which is expensive◦ Estimating demand is not a science!◦ Platform management is not fun!

Popular services◦ Storage◦ Database◦ Scalability

Advantages:◦ Pay per use ◦ Instant Scalability◦ Security◦ Reliability◦ APIs

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Computer infrastructure delivery modelAccess to infrastructure stack:◦ Full OS access◦ Firewalls◦ Routers◦ Load balancing

Advantages◦ Pay per use◦ Instant Scalability◦ Security◦ Reliability◦ APIs

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Common Factors◦ Pay per use◦ Instant Scalability◦ Security◦ Reliability◦ APIs

Advantages◦ Lower cost of ownership◦ Reduce infrastructure management responsibility◦ Allow for unexpected resource loads◦ Faster application rollout

Cloud Economics◦ Multi-tenented◦ Virtualisation lowers costs by increasing utilisation◦ Economies of scale afforded by technology◦ Automated update policy

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SaaSSaaS◦ Your current CRM package is not managing the load or you simply don’t want

to host it in-house….use a SaaS provider such as Salesforce.com

◦ Your email is hosted on an exchange server in your office and it is very slow…outsource this using Hosted Exchange.

PaaSPaaS◦ You need to host a large file (5Mb) on your website and make it available for

35,000 users for only two months duration. Use Cloud Front from Amazon.

◦ You want to start storage services on your network for a large number of files and you do not have the storage capacity…use Amazon S3.

IaaSIaaS◦ You want to run a batch job but you don’t have the infrastructure necessary

to run it in a timely manner. Use Amazon EC2.

◦ You want to host a website, but only for a few days. Use Flexiscale.

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Cloud Computing http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing

Question & Answer http://netforbeginners.about.com/od/c/f/cloudcomputing.htm

ระบบประมวลผลกล��มเมฆhttp://www.vcharkarn.com/vblog/3 8 3 7 8 /5

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