ASSOCHAM's 7th Agricultural Summit "AGRI@8%- Challenges and Way Out“ Inputs, Farm Technologies &...
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Transcript of ASSOCHAM's 7th Agricultural Summit "AGRI@8%- Challenges and Way Out“ Inputs, Farm Technologies &...
ASSOCHAM's 7th Agricultural Summit "AGRI@8%- Challenges and Way Out“
Inputs, Farm Technologies & Productivity
Dr. K C Ravi 15th February 2013
Classification: PUBLIC
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Future Agriculture Outlook
Classification: PUBLIC
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Did you know that…?
By 2050, global population will rise by about
a third to 9 billion people
Out of which 1.7 billion will be in India alone
Calorie demand will increase by 50%52% of India’s population is involved in
Agriculture
yet it contributes just 13.7% to India’s GDP
Source: FAO, World Bank statistics, Syngenta
Classification: PUBLIC
4
World Population and Environmental stresses are increasing
World Stress Map
Source: UNEP, Cline, Syngenta
Climate change impact
HighMedium
Low
Classification: PUBLIC
Reduction in Water
and Arable Land
19502.5 billion
20117 billion
20509 billionEmerging
Developed
Source: FAO, Syngenta analysis
More than 80% of
population growth happens
in emerging markets
The Demand for Food and
Feed will increase by 50% from 2010 to 2050
1950 1 hectarefed 2 people
2030 1 hectare needsto feed 5 people
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The grower’s world is getting increasingly complex
Future Farmer
Global FinancialInstability
Value Chain
Governmentsand Regulators
SocietalPressures
Environmental pressures
Input costs
Classification: PUBLIC
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Challenges facing the Indian Grower
Classification: PUBLIC
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Growing population and food demand
Classification: PUBLIC
By 2050 total calorie requirement will go up from 2495 to 3000. Food grain production would need to
increase by 5.5 MT annually.
Continuing migration of people into cities, an increase in wealth and a shift towards diets rich in meat and
dairy, will raise demand for high-value food commodities by > 100%
High value foods require better infrastructure for
handling, value-addition, processing, marketing.
Key challenges for Input providers: Develop technologies and management options in a deteriorating production environment.
Create infrastructure and evolve institutional arrangements for production, post-harvest and marketing of high-value commodities
and their value-added products.
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Source: UN and FAO, 2005
Arable Land (ha) per person
Most populous countries have least room to expand
Produce more with less…Land | Water | Labor
Growing resource constraints
Much of India’s total arable area already in use (46%)Most remaining land has serious soil and terrain constraints
Classification: PUBLIC
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Agriculture is India’s largest user of water
>40% lost to inefficient practices
Syngenta Solution: ‘More crop per drop’
● Drip irrigation ensures effective water and fertilizer supply.
● Drought-tolerant seeds help produce - reliable yields even when water is scarce.
● Weed control with herbicides lowers tillage, improves water absorption.
● Better Agronomy: Hi-Pop, Mulching, Protected Cultivation help increase yield.
● New irrigation technologies can
reduce water use 30% to 60%.
Source: UN-Water and FAO
Produce more with less…Land | Water | Labor
Growing resource constraints
Classification: PUBLIC
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● Farm demographics- aging population and migration to cities influence agricultural labor availability
● High-tech machines, complex production processes and strict production regulations require skilled labor. This affects capital requirements
Source: UN-Water and FAO
Produce more with less…Land | Water | Labor
Growing resource constraints
Classification: PUBLIC
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Indian agriculture dominated by small farmers
Landholdings declined from 2.30ha in 70s to 1.32 ha in 2000-01
If this continues, average size would be
a mere 0.68 ha in 2020 and 0.32 ha in
2030
Decline causing fall in farm income.
Smallholders moving to postharvest and non-farm activities
Input provider challenges: Evolve technologies and management options for
smallholders and involve them in agri-supply chain through institutional innovations
Classification: PUBLIC
12 Classification: PUBLIC Source: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), World Bank
Climate change
By the end of this century, global temperature will increase by 1.8 to 4.0°C. This will Impact water availability, cause floods, droughts, recession of glaciers. Dynamics of pests and diseases would be significantly altered. Which will result in greater instability in food productionInput provider challenges: Increased adaptation and mitigation research, capacity-building, changes in policies, and regional as well as global co-operation.Syngenta developing framework to understand environmental impacts of agriculture to increase productivity per hectare while reducing the environmental impacts. •
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Degradation of production environment
● Soil erosion has degraded 120.72 million ha of land in India
● 8.4 million ha has soil salinity and water-logging
● Water-table & water quality deteriorating.
● Green-revolution belt exhibiting problems owing to over-exploitation and mismanagement of soil-and-water resources
● Input provider challenge: Stop further degradation and rehabilitate degraded land and water resources cost-effectively
Classification: PUBLIC
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Future orientation of input providers
Classification: PUBLIC
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Research, Extension and Technology
● R&D: Need to shift from research focused on irrigated areas towards research on crops and cropping systems in the dry lands, hills, tribal and other marginal areas
● Private sector participation in extension need to be intensified● Agriculture needs new technologies and integration of the full
technology toolbox from genetics all through the various parts of chemistry
Classification: PUBLIC
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Harnessing Science
Synergies of frontier sciences
Agricultural research needs to leverage —nano-technology, ICT, remote sensing; Geographic Information System and GPS for improving research efficiency, better targeting of technologies and identifying production and marketing environments
Power of biotechnology
Time tested 1st and 2nd generation biotechnologies should be used to speed-up breeding processes, reduce investment on research for increasing yields, minimizing production risks, sustaining environment and meeting consumer preferences
Science part of transgenic research should be continued and further strengthened
Classification: PUBLIC
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Syngenta Solution: Innovating across technologies to transform the way crops are grown
Breeding
Native traits
GM traits
Seed care
Crop Protection
Nutrients, water
Machinery
Grower’s needs
TechnologyWeedcontrol
Insectcontrol
Diseasecontrol
Nematodecontrol
Yieldpotential
Nitrogenefficiency
Drought Qualitytraits
Laborshortage
Postharvest
Chemical solutions
Biological solutions
Classification: PUBLIC
Services
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Resource conservation
Full Potential of conservation agriculture, zero tillage,
precision agriculture and micro-irrigation for different
agro eco-regions needs to be exploited
Efficient farming systems, composite farming, INTEGRATED crop management, nutrient
management, pest management and water management should be perfected further for wider adaptability, integrated with public and
private sector programmes for holistic development
Enhanced participation of stakeholders and
increased agro ecological literacy to be given priority
in managing resources
Classification: PUBLIC
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Agricultural diversification and the value chain
Meet demand for high-value
commodities by using research to
augment their production more
efficiently, competitively
Develop improved genotypes
(varieties and hybrids) and agronomy for
raising productivity in
different agro-eco-regions
Give priority to Consumer-
preferred quality traits and food
safety
Since these are perishables, R&D focus needs be on entire value-chain from production and postharvest to value-addition, processing and
marketing
Classification: PUBLIC
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Post-harvest and value-addition:18 to 25% losses occur in supply-chain from production to consumption.
Three-pronged strategy
needed to reduce post-
harvest losses
Compress supply chain
by linking producers
and markets;
Promote processing of
food commodities in
production catchments to
add value before being
marketed
Small-scale processing chambers,
storages with conventional
and non-conventional
energy sources
Classification: PUBLIC
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Institutions and policies
● PPPs are essential● Growing uncertainties call for policies and institutional mechanisms,
evolving decision-making processes, mobilizing political support and improving governance of service providers
● Added challenge- intellectual property rights regime ● Effective, need-based institutions to accelerate innovations and link
farmers with different stakeholders● Innovative institutional models, pro-agricultural policies and regulatory
mechanisms needed.
Classification: PUBLIC
22 Classification: PUBLIC
Thank You!