Assigmenmt Amali Pertanian

7/23/2019 Assigmenmt Amali Pertanian

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FRUIT FARM

a. For this week, we had to visit soybean farm in University PutraMalaysia. The location was farm , where it is under fruits unit. This farm



was !uite small. It only included "# hectares. The date for us to visit was

on $% &uly "%', which is a Thursday . The s(ecies for these soya cro(s

are )lycine ma*. They are usually +reen but can be yellow, brown or

black. oybean (lant varies in +rowth and habit. The hei+ht of the (lant

varies from less than %."m to ".%m. The (ods, stems and leaves arecovered with -ne brown or +ray hairs. The leaves fall before the seeds are

mature. The incons(icuous, selffertile /owers are borne in the a*el of the

leaf and are white, (ink or (ur(le. The fruit is a hairy (od that +rows in

clusters of three to -ve.

b. 0ur instructor was 1n. Mohd. 2usni 2amid. 3e were asked to

remove all the weeds and +rass that +rown and the soybean cro(s. 3e

were divided into two +rou(s. )loves were not (rovided for us when we

were removin+ the weeds and +rass. Therefore, we had to clear the weeds

usin+ bare hand. 3e had to be very careful to (revent the soybean (lantsfrom +ettin+ hurt durin+ this (rocess. There were a lot of ladybirds and

+reen worms. 3e en&oyed ourselves very much. After two hours, we

com(leted our tasks. Althou+h we were tired, we were very ha((y and

satis-ed with our duties.

c. 1n Mohd. 2usni told us that soybeans +row best in full sun but

tolerate some li+ht afternoon shade. There is a few ste(s that can allow

soya (lants to +row healthier. At -rst, +rowin+ of weeds and +rass around

the soybean (lants must be controlled so that the soybean (lants are able

to obtain enou+h nutrients from the soil without com(etition amon+

soybean (lants and weeds. 4awn mower and +rass (oison are sim(le and

e5ective ways that can control the weeds. 6esides, fertili7ers are also

necessary for soya (lants durin+ their +rowin+ (rocess. This is because of

fertili7ers will (rovide su8cient nutrients to soya (lants when the soil is

lack of nutrients. oybean (lants are vulnerable to a wide ran+e of

bacterial diseases, fun+al diseases and (arasites. As a result, controllin+

of (ests is vital for kee(in+ soybean (lants healthy. 4astly, to ensure

(roduction of soybeans, shoot of soya (lants should be (runed to reduce

e*cessive folia+e in soybean. 2e also said that United tates, Ar+entina,

6ra7il, 9hina and India are the world:s lar+est soybean (roducers and

re(resent more than ;%< of +lobal soybean (roduction.

d. In conclusion, we learnt about the im(ortant ste(s to make sure that

soya (lants can +row healthier. oybean (lants could brin+ a lot of

advanta+es to human bein+s as they are hi+h nutritional food. oya beans

can be eaten fresh from the (od. oybean (roducts a((ear in lar+e variety

of (rocessed foods. oybean oil that is made of soybean is widely used in

cookin+ and it is +ood for our health. They are also consumed as analternative to meat. In addition, they are basis of soya milk, tofu, miso,



tem(eh and soya (rotein. ince the ';=%s, there has been a marked

increase in the consum(tion of traditional soya foods and the

develo(ment of the other soya foods which stimulate traditional meat and

dairy (roducts such as soya milk, soya sausa+es, soya cheese and soya

yo+urts. 2owever, Malaysia has only a few small soya farms. Therefore, Iho(e that our +overnment will (ut more e5orts in doin+ research of

soybean (lants to discover new s(ecies that can (roduce more soybeans.

Malaysia +overnment also has to (lant more soya (lants as they can brin+

hi+h income to our country.



4A>?9AP1

>UR1R@



0n Au+ust "%' our (ractical was held at the landsca(e nursery

which is in ferti+ation unitB 4adan+ '$. 3e arrived at " (m and then we

been introduced to Mrs. 3an uhana 3an Taib. he did some brie-n+

about dis(layCornamental (lants and our (ractical. 2ere, we learned howto make com(ost soil for seedbed that is use universally for decoratin+

(lants, about horticulture, main com(onents of nursery, introduction to

nursery (lants and mana+ements of nursery.

The brie-n+ started with de-nition of horticulture. 2orticulture

means the science and art of +rowin+ fruits, ve+etables, /owers, or

ornamental (lants. Protected +reenhouse horticulture in Malaysia has

traditionally been concentrated in the hi+hland re+ions of the 9ameron

2i+hlands, where land is scarce and (roduction com(etes with tro(ical

rainforest. A demonstration +reenhouse has been reali7ed at erdan+ in

Malaysia, under the res(onsibility of the ?e(artment of A+riculture D?oAE.

>e*t, we continued with the e*(lanation of main com(onents that

must have in nurseries. The com(onents are house shadin+, insect(roof

house, com(artments and o(en area, soilmi*in+ area and workin+ area.

Then, Mrs. 3an uhana tau+ht us about characteristics of

ornamental (lants. 0rnamental (lants distin+uished from utilitarian and

cro( (lants, such as those used for a+riculture and ve+etable cro(s, and

for forestry or as fruit trees. Thus, they do not (reclude any (articular ty(e

of (lant bein+ +rown both for ornamental !ualities in the +arden, and for

utilitarian (ur(oses in other settin+s. There are two ty(es of themB trees

and shrubs . imilarly certain trees may be called ornamental trees. Thisterm is used when they are used as (art of a +arden or landsca(e settin+,

for instance for their /owers, their te*ture, form and sha(e, and other

aesthetic characteristics. In some countries trees in utilitarian landsca(e

use such as screenin+, and roadside (lantin+s are called amenity trees.

The trees are commonly have woody stems and diameter of $G and hei+ht

of more than '$ feet to reach maturity. 1*am(les of trees are 9oral tree,

Tembusu, Merin&au and a+a tree.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilitarian

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forestry

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forestry

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fruit


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilitarian



Another one is shrubs. These lon+stemmed ornamental shrubs also

known as Hstandards: make +reat +arden features, whether (laced on their

own in a lar+e (ot on the (atio, or in a border. A shrub is a small to

mediumsi7ed woody (lant. It is distin+uished from a tree by its multi(le

stems and shorter hei+ht, usually less than m D"% feetE tall. Plants of

many s(ecies may +row either into shrubs or trees, de(endin+ on their

+rowin+ conditions. mall, low shrubs, +enerally less than " m D. feetE

tall, such as lavender, (eriwinkle and most small +arden varieties of roses,

are often termed subshrubs or bushes. 1*am(les of shrubs are 3ild Tea,

(iceberry, 3hite butter/y and Firecracker (lants.

Finally, we were told about nursery mana+ements. 0n how to build,

mana+e and control a nursery. >ursery (lants re!uire due care and

attention after havin+ either emer+ed from the seeds or have been raised

from other sources like rootstock or throu+h tissue culture techni!ue.

)enerally they are +rown in the o(en -eld under the (rotection of Mother

>ature where, they should be able to face the local environment. It is the

duty main ob&ective of a commercial nursery +rower to su((ly the

nursery (lants with suitable conditions necessary for their develo(ment

+rowth. This is the ma&or work of mana+ement in the nursery which

includes all such o(erations ri+ht from the emer+ence of youn+ (lantlet till

them are fully +rownu( or are ready for u(rootin+ trans(lantin+ in the

main -elds.

For our (ractical, we were divided into four +rou(s to do the soilcom(ostin+. 3e re(laced old (lastics vases with the new vases since the

[email protected] Tuanku ultan harafudin Idris hah B ultan elan+or will be

comin+ for breakin+ fast in Mas&id Putra, UPM.

Throu+hout the (ractical, we:ve +ained so much knowled+e about

(lants and nursery. I ho(e we not &ust havin+ fun but also would a((ly the

information that we:ve +ot for +ood es(ecially to the university and later

the country.


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Height

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavender

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinca

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subshrub


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Height

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavender

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vinca

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rose

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subshrub



611F 9ATT41 U>IT



August 13, 2015

Mr. Ri&alana 6in Abdul )hani had +iven us a very detailed brie-n+

about beef cattle farmin+ done in Farm ' (recisely at ".$% a(m. There

are two sectors done by Farm ' which is farmin+ of beef cattle and

farmin+ of dairy cattle. These two sectors are (laced under ruminant unit,

which actually also in char+e on farmin+ of +oats.

The amount of the beef cattle rou+hly estimated was about '%

which consist of various a+es. The (rice sold for the beef was de(ends on

the events. Usually the beef was sold about RM; (er kilo+ram but when

there are events like 1id Adha ?ay or 9hinese >ew @ear, the (rice rise

ra(idly to RM$% to RM$ (er kilo+ram. There are even times when the

demand for meat was too hi+h, forcin+ the su((liers to im(ort the beeffrom other countries.

Farmin+ of beef cattle is somehow di5erent from farmin+ of dairy

cattle as the cattle for beef are only raised until they are $ to J years

before they are sold to the butchers. This is because when the cow

reaches the a+e of years ' day, the (rice of the cow will dro(. The cows

that are raised more than years D; years ma*imumE are used as the



+enetic donor. The male cows are used to im(re+nate female cows that

can (roduce bi+ and healthy o5s(rin+s.

The KedahKelantan is the main breed used in this farmin+ cattle. The

KedahKelantan cow is an indi+enous cattle of Malaysia. A (rinci(al

com(onent analysis was used to study si7e and sha(e as indicated by the

de(endence structure amon+ measurements. The total variation amon+

measurements associated with the -rst (rinci(al com(onent which was

inter(reted as a measure of +eneral si7e was J%.#<. The second (rinci(al

com(onent contrasted cows tall at the withers, and dee( at the chest with

to( line slo(in+ downward and under line slo(in+ u(ward from front to

rear with those havin+ less wither hei+ht and chest de(th and strai+hter

lines. This contrast accounted for 'J.$< of the variation in body

dimensions. The third (rinci(al com(onent contrasted lon+, narrow, and

dee(er cows with a more com(act ty(e. This contrast accounted for

'%.=< of the variation in body dimensions.

The breed commonly used for beef cattle was 2ereford. It was chosen

because of its +reat +enetics which are e*cellent meat !uality, early

maturity and hi+h (erfomance on fora+e based diets, they are easily

ada(t to their environmental conditions and +ood fertility. 2owever, this

breed alone cannot survive hot and humid tro(ical climate of Malaysia, so

in order to (roduce o5s(rin+s suitable for the climate, 2ereford was the

crossed breed between 6rahman cow and An++es. 6rahman cow are

known for their e*treme tolerance of heat and they are also resistant to

insects due to their thick skin.



F1RTI)ATI0>



Date: 11 JUN 2015

Introduction:

Fertigation comes from two English words, namel fertili!ation and irrigation"Fertigation sstem is one of the #ranches of hdro$onic among others such as microdri$ sstem, hdro$onic flows in, shallow flow hdro$onics, hdro$onics static ,aero$onics and micro s$rin%ler "

&cti'ities:

(e arri'ed at the fertigation center at 2"00)* and welcomed # the $erson

in charge at the fertigation center" (e were #riefed with the information a#outfertigation and how to $lant a tree using fertigation method" +he $erson in charged



informed us that fertigation sstem is ideal for fruiting and leaf 'egeta#les such astomatoes, red $e$$er, egg$lant, melon, straw#erries and ornamental $lants " Inshort, the sstem of this $lant is 'er suita#le for high 'alue cro$s on the mar%et"he also #riefed us a#out how to watering and fertili!ing $lant # using fertigationsstem"(e were di'ided into two grou$s"

+he first grou$ were #ought to the cro$s that $lanted using fertigationmethods while the second grou$ does the wor% of weeding around the fertigationcro$s area"(e are gi'en futher e-$laination a#out the medium used for the $ur$oseof re$lacing the soil functions such as coco$eat, rice hus%, rootwool, $erlite, !eoliteand also 'ermiculate in cro$ fertigation methods" .oco$eat and hus% are widelused #ecause the are chea$, light weight, high /ualit and eas to use"

+hen, we are gi'en a chances to $luc% the tomotoes and classif itaccording to their /ualities"(ere informed that the high /ualit tomotoes will #e

#rought to the sales center for sale" (e were gi'en the o$$ortunit to taste the freshtomatoes"

(hile $luc%ing the tomatoes, we were gi'en e-tra information a#out thewatering and fertili!ing $rocess" In fertigation sstems, fertili!er and water gi'en timeis #etween 3 times a da for 510 minutes" It de$ends on the weather and cro$areas"(e also informed that in fertigation sstem, some e/ui$ment must #e used tocontrol insect $ests and gra!ing # creating greenhouse rain and insect$roof netting"

&fter finish classifing the tomatoes according to their grades, we carried allthe tomatoes # using wheel#arrow to the fertigation center"



Introduction

)ractical wor%s is a com$ulsorwor%s that need to #e done # students of

foundation in science and agriculture" (e were assigned to com$lete our $ractical

wor% in man $laces, namel fertigation, gardens of her#s and aroma, #eef cattleunit, and others" (e start our $ractical wor%s on 4 une 2015"

In garden of her#s and aroma, students get to %now different t$e of her#s and

uses of the her#s" tudents also gi'en o$$ortunities to do hands on wor% to enhance

the understanding on agriculture"

In #eef cattle unit, students were #eing e/ui$$ed with the %nowledge a#out t$e

of cow and har'esting mil%s from them" (e get to %now the wa to maintain and

manage the cattles health care"

In fertigation, we were taught a#out how and when to har'est the small

tomatoes" Its ta%es once in 2 wee%s to har'est it"we were aslo ha'e gi'en to tr

fresh tomatoes" +omatoes will sell at su$ermar%et"

In nurser turf, students ha'e #eing taught a#out the t$e of turf and the function

of it" (e get to %now the wa to $lant and manage it"

In fruit farm, students ha'e #eing taught a#out fruit" +$e of famil of fruit"

tudents were luc% #ecause the $ractical was in fruit season so the ha'e gi'en to

tr the fruit there" Ne-t, deer and goat unit" tudents enhance their %nowledge a#out

t$e of deer and goat" +he can %now a#out the life of their and goat" +his two t$e

of animal were se$arated each other and ha'e a ratio in each fence"

In cocoa farm, students we taught a#out how to #ounching the tree and how to

har'est the cocoa and function wh we doing that things"

Assigmenmt Amali Pertanian

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