Assetic (Symfony Live Paris)

Introducing AsseticAsset Management for PHP 5.3

March 4, 2011

@kriswallsmith

• Symfony Guru at

• Symfony core team member

• Doctrine contributor

• 10+ years experience with PHP and web development

• Open source evangelist and international speaker

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• PHP 5.3 + Symfony2

• MongoDB + Doctrine MongoDB ODM

• MySQL + Doctrine2 ORM

• Less CSS

• jQuery

Symfony2 is FAST

But you can still f*** that up

We build tools thatencourage best practices

Best practices like…

• Dependency injection (DI)

• Proper caching, edge side includes (ESI)

• Test-driven development (TDD)

• Don't repeat yourself (DRY)

• Keep it simple, SVP (KISS)

• Performance

If you haven’t optimized your frontend, you haven’t optimized

Get your assets in line.

A poorly optimized frontendcan destroy UX

…and SEO!

http://googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.com/2010/04/using-site-speed-in-web-search-ranking.html

Asset Management

Lots of awesome tools:

Lots of awesome tools:• CoffeeScript

• Compass Framework

• CSSEmbed

• Google Closure Compiler

• JSMin

• LESS

• Packer

• SASS

• Sprockets

• Stylus

• YUI Compressor

The ones written in PHP…

This is a difficult problem

Assetic makes it easy

as•cet•i•cismdescribes a lifestyle characterized by abstinence from various sorts of worldly

pleasures often with the aim of pursuing religious and spiritual goals

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstinence

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstinence

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirituality

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirituality

No B.S.

Enough talk

# /path/to/web/js/core.php

$core = new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js');$core->load();

header('Content-Type: text/javascript');echo $core->dump();


$core = new AssetCollection(array( new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js'), new GlobAsset('/path/to/js/core/*.js'),));$core->load();



$core = new AssetCollection(array( new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js'), new GlobAsset('/path/to/js/core/*.js'),));$core->load();


Merge many files into one == fewer HTTP requests


$core = new AssetCollection(array( new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js'), new GlobAsset('/path/to/js/core/*.js'),), array( new YuiCompressorJsFilter('/path/to/yui.jar'),));$core->load();



$core = new AssetCollection(array( new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js'), new GlobAsset('/path/to/js/core/*.js'),), array( new YuiCompressorJsFilter('/path/to/yui.jar'),));$core->load();


Compress the merged asset == less data over the wire

Assetic isAssets & Filters

Inspired by Python’s webassets

https://github.com/miracle2k/webassets

Assets have lazy, mutable content

A filter acts on an asset’s contents during “load” and “dump”

Assets can be gathered in collections

A collection is an asset

Filter

Asset

FilterFilter

Asset

FilterFilter

Asset

Load

FilterFilter

Asset

Dum

p

FilterFilter

Asset

Asset Collection

FilterFilter

Asset

FilterFilter

Asset

Asset Collection

Asset Collection

FilterFilter

Asset

FilterFilter

Asset

FilterFilter

Asset

FilterFilter

Asset

# /path/to/web/css/styles.php

$styles = new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass', array( new SassFilter(),));

header('Content-Type: text/css');echo $styles->dump();


$styles = new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass', array( new SassFilter(),));


Load is implied


$styles = new AssetCollection(array( new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass', array( new SassFilter(), )), new FileAsset('/path/to/more.css'),));



$styles = new AssetCollection(array( new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass', array( new SassFilter(), )), new FileAsset('/path/to/more.css'),), array( new YuiCompressorCss('/path/to/yui.jar'),));



$styles = new AssetCollection(array( new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass', array( new SassFilter(), )), new FileAsset('/path/to/more.css'),), array( new YuiCompressorCss('/path/to/yui.jar'),));


Lazy! The filesystem isn't touched until now

Basic Asset Classes

• AssetCollection

• AssetReference

• FileAsset

• GlobAsset

• StringAsset

Core Filter Classes• CallablesFilter

• CoffeeScriptFilter

• CssRewriteFilter

• GoogleClosure\CompilerApiFilter

• GoogleClosure\CompilerJarFilter

• LessFilter

• Sass\SassFilter

• Sass\ScssFilter

• SprocketsFilter

• StylusFilter

• Yui\CssCompressorFilter

• Yui\JsCompressorFilter

• More to come…

Asset Manager

$am = new AssetManager();$am->set('jquery', new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js'));

$plugin = new AssetCollection(array( new AssetReference($am, 'jquery'), new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.plugin.js'),));

$core = new AssetCollection(array( $jquery, $plugin1, $plugin2,));

header('text/javascript');echo $core->dump();

$core = new AssetCollection(array( $jquery, $plugin1, $plugin2,));

header('text/javascript');echo $core->dump();

jQuery will only be included once

Filter Manager

$yui = new YuiCompressorJs();$yui->setNomunge(true);

$fm = new FilterManager();$fm->set('yui_js', $yui);

$jquery = new FileAsset('/path/to/core.js');$jquery->ensureFilter($fm->get('yui_js'));

$core = new AssetCollection(array( $jquery, new GlobAsset('/path/to/js/core/*.js'),));$core->ensureFilter($fm->get('yui_js'));

$jquery = new FileAsset('/path/to/core.js');$jquery->ensureFilter($fm->get('yui_js'));

$core = new AssetCollection(array( $jquery, new GlobAsset('/path/to/js/core/*.js'),));$core->ensureFilter($fm->get('yui_js'));

jQuery will only be compressed once

Asset Factory

$fm = new FilterManager();$fm->set('coffee', new CoffeeScriptFilter());$fm->set('closure', new ClosureFilter());

$factory = new AssetFactory('/path/to/web');$factory->setFilterManager($fm);

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', 'closure'));

header('Content-Type: text/javascript');echo $asset->dump();

Debug Mode

Debugging compressedJavascript sucks

Mark filters for omissionin debug mode using a “?”

// new AssetFactory('/path/to/web', $debug = true);

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', 'closure'));


// new AssetFactory('/path/to/web', true);

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', '?closure'));


// new AssetFactory('/path/to/web', false);

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', '?closure'), array('debug' => true));


Good: Basic Caching


$styles = new AssetCollection( array(new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass')), array(new SassFilter()));

echo $styles->dump();


$styles = new AssetCache(new AssetCollection( array(new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass')), array(new SassFilter())), new FilesystemCache('/path/to/cache'));



$styles = new AssetCache(new AssetCollection( array(new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass')), array(new SassFilter())), new FilesystemCache('/path/to/cache'));


Run the filters once and cache the content

Better: HTTP Caching

// $core = new AssetCache(...

$mtime = gmdate('D, d M y H:i:s', $core->getLastModified()).' GMT';

if ($mtime == $_SERVER['HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE']) { header('HTTP/1.0 304 Not Modified'); exit();}

header('Content-Type: text/javascript');header('Last-Modified: '.$mtime);echo $core->dump();

Best: Static Assets

# /path/to/scripts/dump_assets.php

$am = new AssetManager();$am->set('foo', $foo);// etc...

$writer = new AssetWriter('/path/to/web');$writer->writeManagerAssets($am);

Best-est:Content Distribution Network

new AssetWriter('s3://my-bucket')

new AssetWriter('s3://my-bucket')

A CloudFront S3 bucket

Custom Stream Wrappers

$s3 = new Zend_Service_Amazon_S3($key, $secret);$s3->registerStreamWrapper();

Not Lazy Enough?

Asset Formulae and theLazy Asset Manager

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', '?closure'), array('output' => 'js/*.js'));

$formula = array( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', '?closure'), array('output' => 'js/*.js'));

$am = new LazyAssetManager($factory);$am->setFormula('core_js', $formula);

header('Content-Type: text/javascript');echo $am->get('core_js')->dump();

A ThoughtAssets are a part of the view layer

and should be defined there.

<?php foreach (assetic_javascripts( array('js/core.js', 'js/more.js'), array('?yui_js')) as $url): ?>

<script src="<?php echo $url ?>"></script>

<?php endforeach; ?>

An IssueAssets defined in the view layer must actually exist somewhere

Option Number BadLazily dump assets to the

web directory

Option Number GoodEagerly dump assets to the

web directory

A template is a configuration file

Formula Loadersextract asset formulae from templates

$loader = new FunctionCallsFormulaLoader();$resource = new DirectoryResource( '/path/to/templates', '/\.php$/');

$formulae = $loader->load($resource);

$am = new LazyAssetManager($factory);$am->setLoader('php', $loader);$am->addResource($resource, 'php');


$am = new LazyAssetManager($factory);$am->setLoader('php', $loader);$am->addResource($resource, 'php');


Expensive every time

$cache = new ConfigCache('/path/to/cache');

$loader = new CachedFormulaLoader( $loader, $cache, $debug);

$cache = new ConfigCache('/path/to/cache');

$loader = new CachedFormulaLoader( $loader, $cache, $debug);

Whether to stat each file for changes

Twig Integration

$twig->addExtension(new AsseticExtension($factory));

{% assetic 'js/*.coffee' filter='coffee' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endassetic %}

{% assetic 'js/*.coffee' filter='coffee' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endassetic %}

{% assetic 'js/*.coffee' filter='coffee' output='js/*.js' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endassetic %}

{% assetic 'js/*.coffee' filter='coffee' output='js/*.js' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endassetic %}

{% javascripts 'js/*.coffee' filter='coffee,?closure' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endjavascripts %}

{% javascripts 'js/*.coffee' filter='coffee,?closure' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endjavascripts %}

Adds a default output string

{% javascripts 'js/*.coffee' filter='coffee,?closure' debug=true %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endjavascripts %}

AsseticBundleSymfony2 integration

{% assetic filter='scss,?yui_css', output='css/all.css', '@MainBundle/Resources/sass/main.scss', '@AnotherBundle/Resources/sass/more.scss' %}<link href="{{ asset_url }}" rel="stylesheet" />{% endassetic %}

Configuration

assetic: debug: %kernel.debug% use_controller: %kernel.debug% read_from: %kernel.root_dir%/../web write_to: s3://mybucket

{# when use_controller=true #}

<script src="{{ path('assetic_foo') }}"...

# routing_dev.yml_assetic: resource: . type: assetic

{# when use_controller=false #}

<script src="{{ asset('js/core.js') }}"></script>

{# when use_controller=false #}

<script src="{{ asset('js/core.js') }}"></script>

Lots for free

The Symfony2 Assets Helper

• Multiple asset domains

• Cache buster

framework: templating: assets_version: 1.2.3 assets_base_urls: - http://assets1.domain.com - http://assets2.domain.com - http://assets3.domain.com - http://assets4.domain.com

{% assetic filter='scss,?yui_css', output='css/all.css', '@MainBundle/Resources/sass/main.scss', '@AnotherBundle/Resources/sass/more.scss' %}<link href="{{ asset_url }}" rel="stylesheet" />{% endassetic %}

assetic:dump

$ php app/console assetic:dump web/

$ php app/console assetic:dump s3://my-bucket

assetic:dump --watchDump static assets in the background as you develop

Questions?

http://github.com/kriswallsmith/assetic

Assetic (Symfony Live Paris)

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