Assessment of sustainability of aquaculture in Spain_JCMacias

Spanish Case Study

Regional workshop on the identification of reference points for economic, environmental, social and

governance indicators on aquaculture

General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean Comisión General de Pesca para el Mediterráneo

Table of contents

FOESA Foundation

• Stage 1: Definition of sustainability indicators • Phase 2: Indicators for Mediterranean sea cage aquaculture • Phase 3: Assessment of sustainability of aquaculture in Spain • Phase 4: Sustainability Strategy for Spanish Aquaculture • Phase 5: Strategic Plan

The process: studies and stages

Considerations

Regional workshop on the identification of reference points for economic, environmental, social and governance indicators on aquaculture

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Javier Remiro, Director Cristina Garcia, Technician

(2010- 2013)

Governing Board: Public Foundation Main Goals !

Promote aquaculture image and its products through the social community.!

Platform to analyse and monitor the aquaculture development in Spain.!

Reference point to the scientific, technology and industry community. !

Promote Spanish aquaculture internationally. !


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….Regarding that a sustainable system or process must

t a k e i n t o c o n s i d e r a t i o n f u t u r e g e n e r a t i o n s

development…!

sustainable aquaculture considers environmental

interactions based on best practices and the use of

responsibly resources, encourages socio-economic

development where it is being developed, integrates

harmoniously with other activities and generates

e m p l o y m e n t , e n s u r i n g i t s v i a b i l i t y a n d

sustainability over time."

According to FOESA definition

The process: stages and document

• Definition of Sustainability Indicators in Mediterranean Aquaculture

• Sustainability indicators for floating cages in the Mediterranean Marine Aquaculture

• Assessment of Sustainability of aquaculture in Spain

• Strategy for Sustainable Development of Aquaculture

Spanish (EDSAE)


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1

2

3

4

5


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• Sustainable indicators are defined in order to conduct an assessment on the sustainability of Mediterranean aquaculture, but testing firstly in Spain.

• This assessment is based on reduced indicators covering the environmental, economic and social dimensions of aquaculture, all dimensions are under the eye of governance.

• In total 3 indicators per dimension with their reference number have been obtained.

• The group of indicators has been selected based on a set of criteria independent of area, species and time (wide range of application now and in the future).

• The indicators are defined for 3 levels orientated to farmers, (regional) or countries and the Mediterranean region.

• The selection of indicators was agreed by a group of experts on several workshops and meetings.

• Indicators were tested in Spain using surveys straight focused to all policy stakeholders/civil servants and main producers associations.

"Defining sustainability indicators in the field of Mediterranean aquaculture.”

PCI methodology*

formula & standard with

scores !

3l x 3d x 3in!

Multidisciplinary workshop: economic,

environmental & social groups !

Once identified indicators

criteria and principles were selected (EVAD,

InDAM)!

*Rey-Valette, H., Clement, O., Aubin, J., Mathé, S., Chia, E., Legendre, M., Caruso, D., Mikolasek, O., Blancheton, J.P., Slembrouck, J., Baruthio, A., Rene, F., Levang, P. & Morissens, P. 2008. Guide to the co-construction of sustainable development indicators in aquaculture.

EVAD project, Cirad, Montpellier (France), 144 p. Regional workshop on the identification of reference points for economic, environmental, social and governance indicators on aquaculture

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DIMENSION! PRINCIPLE! CRITERION! INDICATOR!

ECONOMIC!

Strengthen4consumer4responsive4

a n d4 m a r k e t4 o r i e n t e d4

aquaculture!

Level4of4markeCng4and4

promoConal4acCviCes4!1. Market4oriented4aquaculture!

Improve4 r isk4 management4

capabiliCes!Level4of4product4

diversificaCon!2.4DiversificaCon4of4goods4and4

services!S t reng t hen4 t h e4 finan c i a l4

management4of4the4company!L e v e l4 o f4 e c o n o m i c4

performance!3.4EvoluCon4of4the4exLfarm4price4!

ENVIRONMENTAL! Maintain4the4goods4and4services4that4the4ecosystem4provides4to4aquaculture!

Level4of4ecological4footprint!

1. Food4Conversion4RaCo4(FCR)!

2.4ImplementaCon4of4an4Environmental4Monitoring4Program4(EMP)!

Use4of4best4pracCces! 3.4Fulfilment4of4codes4of4good4pracCce!

SOCIOLTERRITORIAL!

Strengthen4corporate4social4responsibility! Quality4of4the4employment! 1. Perdurability4or4employee4

turnover4rate4!Strengthen4the4role4of4producer4organizaCons4in4improving4the4image,4social4awareness4and4responsibiliCes4!

Transparency4and4communicaCons! 2.4CommunicaCon4effort!

Level4of4transparency! 3.4RelaCons4between4employees4and4management4!


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DIMENSION! PRINCIPLE! CRITERIA! INDICATOR!

ECONOMICS4

Promote4a4market4oriented4aquaculture4industry! Market4approach!

1. EvoluCon4of4aquaculture4

total4producCon4value!!

Increase4research4and4development4capabiliCes4and4innovaCon!

Level4of4naConal4research4competence4!

2.4Investment4in4RTD4and4innovaCon4in4aquaculture!

Promote4sustainable4development4in4the4sector!

Level4of4commitment4with4sustainability!

3.4Security4of4investments4!

ENVIRONMENTAL4

Strengthen4insCtuConal4capaciCes4in4relaCon4with4sustainable4development!

Level4of4naConal4recogniCon4of4sustainable4development!

1. Existence4of4well4defined4environmental4aquaculture4policy,4program4and/or4strategy4!

Maintain4the4goods4and4services4that4the4ecosystem4provides4to4aquaculture4!

Level4of4aquaculture4interacCons!

2.4Existence4of4common4criteria4for4an4Allocated4Zone4for4Aquaculture4(AZA)4or4site4selecCon4process!

Minimize4the4global4impact! Level4of4carbon4footprint!! 3.4Carbon4footprint4index!

SOCIOL

TERRITORIAL4

Contribute4to4naConal4development4!Employment4and4working4condiCons4in4the4aquaculture4sector!!

1.4QuanCty4and4quality4of4employment!

Strengthen4the4organisaCon4and4idenCty4of4the4sector4!

Importance4of4training4in4aquaculture4!

2.4NaConal4aquaculture4training4!

Strengthen4insCtuConal4capaciCes4in4relaCon4with4sustainable4development!

Level4of4naConal4recogniCon4of4sustainable4development!

3.4Existence4of4aquaculture4naConal4strategy!!


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Sustainability indicators for floating cages in the Mediterranean Marine Aquaculture


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1. The definition and identification of indicators, capable of measuring sustainable aquaculture at a farm/ business, national and Mediterranean level.

2. To provide the decision makers and the aquaculture producers with a technical tool and advice on the processes of sustainable aquaculture

development adapted to the Mediterranean context.

3. To increase awareness in the sustainable use and management of the social, economic and environmental resources available in order to obtain

a sustainable balance in the management of the activity.

Main goals.

3 indicators per dimension and level= 27 indicators


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Methodology: 3(levels) x 3(ind) x 3(dimen)

For each of these three levels, the p i l l a r s o r d i m e n s i o n s o f s u s t a i n a b i l i t y h a v e b e e n considerate: Socio-territorial, economic, environmental aspects.


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List of indicators used for assessment.


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DIMENSION! PRINCIPLE! CRITERIA! INDICATOR!

ECONOMICS4 Promote4a4market4oriented4aquaculture4industry! Market4approach!

1. EvoluCon4of4aquaculture4total4

producCon4value!

2.4EvoluCon4of4the4aquaculture4products4consumpCon4!

3.4Existence4of4market4tools!

ENVIRONMENTAL4

Maintain4the4goods4and4services4that4the4ecosystem4provides4to4aquaculture!

Level4of4aquaculture4interacCons!

1. Existence4of4common4criteria4for4an4Allocated4Zone4for4Aquaculture4(AZA)4or4site4selecCon4process!

2.4Existence4of4naCve4and4lowLtrophic4species!

Minimize4the4global4impact! Level4of4footprint! 3.4Ecological4and4carbon4footprint4index!

SOCIOL

TERRITORIAL4

Strengthen4the4organisaCon4and4idenCty4of4the4sector4!

Importance4of4iniCaCve4development!

1. Mediterranean4Governance4and4Social4Networks!

Develop4informaCon4systems! Access4to4aquaculture4informaCon4systems!

2.4Existence4of4an4informaCon4system!!

Contribute4to4Mediterranean4development!

Social4integraCon! 3.4Aquaculture4employment4diversificaCon!


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A simple system as a traffic light type¡

Available in Internet


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Year 2011: "Assessing sustainability of aquaculture in Spain.”

An important effort was made contacting every Spanish policy stakeholder and civil servant spread into the 19 Spanish regions making sure they read and answered to the indicators survey at national level.

1) Environmental: inputs/outputs, energy and fulfillment of environmental standards;

2) Social: existence of preventive policies, local employment and existence of communication mechanisms;

3) Economic: ex-farm price per kg/total cost per kg produced, self-sufficiency and number of products on sale.


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The results showed some of the economic indicators were difficult to obtain as farmers are always reluctant to give economic data.


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indicators used were:

1) Environmental: regulation of feed supply and the capture of seeds, existence of EIA and fulfillment of environmental standards;

2) Social: quality of employment in aquaculture, degree of associationism and existence of workers unions;

3) Economic: % of foreign capital in the aquaculture sector, investment in RTD and number of licenses. Spanish aquaculture jurisdictions are given to the regions, therefore legislation differs between them depending on the level of aquaculture development.

…indicator scores up to 5 points:

- 5 sustainable, - 4 nearly sustainable, - 3 approaching sustainability, - 2 far from sustainable and - 1 unsustainable.

Methodology: for national level

Final sustainability assessment can reach a maximum of 45 points being:

- 40-45 sustainable, - 40-35 nearly sustainable, - 35-25 approaching sustainability, - 25-20 far from sustainable and - <20 unsustainable.


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"Strategy for Sustainable Development of Aquaculture Spanish"


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Year 2012: Based on the work done before and the results achieved it was

developed the "Strategy for Sustainable Development of Aquaculture Spanish" which includes an analysis of the initial situation and industry developments on the horizon, 2030 is undertaken and brand guidelines that will serve the development of the national strategic plan of the Spanish aquaculture.

Strategic lines

Actions

Strategic Plan

Environmental management


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• Promote the sustainable development of aquaculture in Spain. • To contribute to the economic and social developmetn on rural

and coastal areas in which aquaculture is or could be developed in the future.

• To promote the protection of natural resources and ecosystem values of those areas

Spanish Aquaculture lead in 2030 aquaculture in the European Union in terms of production and gain more weight in economic terms, reinforcing its dynamic role in rural and coastal areas through job creation and ensuring consumer products the highest quality and sustainable processes

Indicators and assessment of sustainability were the base to built the Plan.

MISSION

Environmental Management

Organizational and Legal Framework

Sectoral Planning Health and animal welfare

R+D+i

Training system Image of the sector

1. Simplification of adminsitrative procedures.

2. Coordinated Teritorial planning

3. Strenght of competitivenes.

4. Enancement of balanced competition conditions.

Strategic4issues/Strategic4DirecCves(EU)

ENVIRONMENTAL

SOCIO-TERRITORIAL


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www.planacuicultura.es

Pluriannual Strategic Plan For Spanish Aquaculture


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on indicators and their utility for assessment sustainability of aquaculture¡¡…

FOESA has developed four projects or stages to arrive to final output that was Strategic Plan: from indicators to Strategic Plan.

The exercise to assessment the sustainability was a first pilot project to test the indicators at country level, and the result show, among the others things, the path of grow and the path to improve the sustainability of aquaculture in Spain.

Regarding to INDICATORS, one of key topic in simplification in number of them and dimensions considered.

The methodology in data collection should be established in order to get real and objectives results (interviews, questionnaires, on-line methods, etc)

At the end, indicators will be use for agents or stakeholders as an assessment tool ¡¡

Main considerations


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teşekkürler

Assessment of sustainability of aquaculture in Spain_JCMacias

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