ASSE 1002-2008 Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet Tanks

Performance Requirements for

Anti-Siphon FillValves for WaterCloset Tanks

American Society of Sanitary Engineering

ASSE Standard #1002-2008

ASSE Board Approved: APRIL 28, 2008ANSI Approval: DATE

An American National Standard

American Society of Sanitary EngineeringWestlake, Ohio

Copyright © 2008, 1999, 1986, 1979, 1976

Neither this standard, nor any portion thereof, may be reproduced without the written consentof the American Society of Sanitary Engineering.

No product may be said to be ASSE approved unless the manufacturer has applied to theASSE, has had his product tested according to the applicable ASSE Standards, and when theproduct has passed the test, displays the ASSE Seal on the product.

Instructions for receiving the authorization to display the Seal are available from ASSE'sInternational Office. Organizations wishing to adopt or list any ASSE Standard should print theASSE Standard number on the cover page first and in equal or larger type to that of the adoptingor listing organization.

General Information

Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet Tanks iASSE Standard #1002- 2008

ii Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet TanksASSE Standard #1002 - 2008

This foreword shall not be considered a part of the standard, however, it is offered to providebackground information.

ASSE standards are developed in the interest of consumer safety.

This standard outlines the performance requirements for Anti-siphon Fill Valves (Ballcocks) forGravity Water Closet Flush Tanks, and describes those performance requirements in terms ofmethods of testing applicable to all such units, equivalent materials or methods of testingintended to demonstrate compliance with these requirements are also acceptable.

Recognition is made of the time volunteered by members of the working group and of thesupport of the manufacturers who also participated in the meetings for this standard.

This standard does not imply ASSE’s endorsement of a product which conforms to theserequirements.

Compliance with this standard does not imply acceptance by any code body.

It is recommended that these devices be installed consistent with local codes by qualified andtrained professionals.

This standard was promulgated in accordance with procedures developed by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI).

Foreword

Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet Tanks iiiASSE Standard #1002 - 2008

Edward LyczkoProduct Standards Committee ChairmanCleveland ClinicCleveland, Ohio

Rand H. AckroydRand EngineeringNewburyport, Massachusetts

Gunnar O. CollinsCollins Backflow Specialists, Inc.Palatine, Illinois

Judson W. CollinsJULYCO ProfessionalsMannford, Oklahoma

Shannon M. CorcoranASSE Standards CoordinatorWestlake, Ohio

A. Richard EmmersonGeneral InterestBuffalo Grove, Illinois

Ron GeorgeRon George Design & ConsultingNewport, Michigan

Charles GrossInternational Association of Plumbingand Mechanical OfficialsWalnut, California

Steven HazzardASSE Staff EngineerWestlake, Ohio

2007-08 Product Standards Committee

John F. Higdon, P.E.Apollo Valves/Conbraco Industries, Inc.Pageland, South Carolina

Valentine Lehr, P.E.Lehr AssociatesNew York, New York

Chuck LottPrecision Plumbing Products, Inc.Portland, Oregon

Peter MarzecUnited Association ofPlumbers and PipefittersWashington, D.C.

Brad NollWilkins, A Division of Zurn Industries, Inc.Paso Robles, California

Thomas C. PitcherelloState of New JerseyBordentown, New Jersey

Shabbir RawalpindiwalaKohler CompanyKohler, Wisconsin

Tsan-Liang Su, Ph.D.Center for Environmental SystemsStevens Institute of TechnologyHoboken, New Jersey

iv Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet TanksASSE Standard #1002 - 2008

Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet Tanks vASSE Standard #1002 - 2008

Arturo Robles1002 Working Group ChairmanFluidmaster, Inc.San Juan Capistrano, California

Bruce ArtunezCoast FoundryPamona, California

Steven HazzardASSE Staff EngineerWestlake, Ohio

Larry HimmelblauChicago Faucet Co. / GeberitDes Plaines, Illinois

Sarah MorganOatey CompanyCleveland, Ohio

Norman M. KummerlenMoen, Inc.North Olmsted, Ohio

Shabbir RawalpindiwalaKohler CompanyKohler, Wisconsin

1002 Working Group

Sally RemediosDelta Faucet Co.Indianapolis, Indiana

Steve TokarzBrass CraftNovi, Michigan

David ViolaIAPMOOntarioa, California

John WatsonSloan Valve CompanyFranklin Park, Illinois

Chip WayLavelle IndustriesBurlington, Wisconsin

Manfred WolpertChicago Faucet Co. / GeberitDes Plaines, Illinois

Table of Contents

vi Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet TanksASSE Standard #1002 - 2008

Section I ........................................................................................................................................................... 11.0 General ................................................................................................................................................ 11.1 Application ........................................................................................................................................... 11.2 Scope .................................................................................................................................................. 1

Figure 1 - Shank, Locknut and Coupling Nut Dimensions .................................................................... 21.3 Reference Standards ........................................................................................................................... 2

Section II ......................................................................................................................................................... 32.0 Test Specimens ................................................................................................................................... 32.1 Samples Submitted for Test ................................................................................................................. 32.2 Samples Tested ................................................................................................................................... 32.3 Drawings.............................................................................................................................................. 32.4 Rejection ............................................................................................................................................. 3

Section III ........................................................................................................................................................ 43.0 Performance Requirements and Compliance Testing .......................................................................... 43.1 Elevated Pressure and Temperature Test ............................................................................................ 43.2 Cycle Test ............................................................................................................................................ 43.3 Critical Level Marking and Backflow Prevention Test ........................................................................... 5

Figure 2 - Anti-Siphon Fill Valve Test Assembly ................................................................................... 53.4 Total Flow Test - Retrofit Devices Only ................................................................................................ 63.5 Refill Capacity Test - Retrofit Devices Only .......................................................................................... 6

Section IV ........................................................................................................................................................ 84.0 Detailed Requirements ........................................................................................................................ 84.1 Materials .............................................................................................................................................. 84.2 Identification and Markings .................................................................................................................. 84.3 Installation Instructions ........................................................................................................................ 8

Section V ......................................................................................................................................................... 95.0 Definitions ............................................................................................................................................ 9

Appendix A ....................................................................................................................................................... 9

Anti-Siphon Fill Valves forWater Closet Tanks

Section I

1.0 General

1.1 ApplicationThis standard provides dimensional and minimum performance requirements for anti-siphon fillvalves for water closet tanks (herein referred to as the “device”), including protection of the potablewater supply against back siphonage of water from the water closet tank.

1.2 Scope

1.2.1 DescriptionThese devices are cold water supply valves that are installed within water closet tanks to providetank refill and a trap reseal after flushing a water closet. They are equipped with backflowprevention devices or an air gap.

1.2.2 Working PressureThe device shall be designed to operate at a minimum pressure range of 20.0 psi to 125.0 psi static(137.9 kPa to 861.9 kPa).

1.2.3 Capacity - Total Fill and Refill

1.2.3.1 Original Equipment ManufacturerWhen the device is furnished as original equipment with a manufacturer’s water closet, the totalflow capacity shall be sufficient to assure proper operation of the fixture in accordance with theperformance standard, ASME A112.19.2. The device shall deliver a fill rate through the refill orificeas required by the water closet manufacturer.

1.2.3.2 Retrofit UseWhen the device is furnished to retrofit water closets, the device shall deliver a minimum flow rateat 15.0 psig (103.4 kPa) flowing pressure of 1.5 GPM (5.7 L/min), and a minimum refill flow rate,through the refill orifice, of 20% of the total fill rate at 15.0 psi (103.4 kPa) flowing pressure.

1.2.4 Leakage and Spray ContainmentThe device shall not spray or otherwise leak water to the outside of the water closet tank duringoperation.

1.2.5 Backflow PreventionThe device shall be equipped with a means to prevent backflow due to back siphonage. Air inletports shall be protected in such a manner as to reduce the risk of the intake of foreign materialinto the device.

Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet Tanks 1ASSE Standard #1002 - 2008

1.2.6 Refill TubeA means shall be provided to secure the refill tube in its installed position.

1.2.7 Dimensional Criteria for Fill Valve ComponentsDimensions for shanks, coupling nuts and locknuts shall be as shown in Figure 1. Threaddimensions shall be 15/16-14 UNS-1 per ASME/ANSI B1.1. See Appendix A.

Figure 1Shank, Locknut and Coupling Nut Dimensions

1.3 Reference StandardsReferenced industry standards shall mean the listed edition of the standard.• ASME A112.18.3-2002 – Performance Requirements for Backflow Protection Devices and

Systems in Plumbing Fixture Fittings• ASME A112.19.2-2003 – Vitreous China Plumbing Fixtures and Hydraulic Requirements for

Water Closets and Urinals• ASME B1.1- 2003 – Unified Inch Screw Threads

COUPLING NUT

<>

F

A 15/16-14UNS-1 Thread

B 1.40 inches (35.56 mm) minimum diameter

C 1.37 inches (34.8 mm) minimum

D 1.62 inches (41.15 mm) minimum

E 0.625 - 0.700 inches (15.88 mm - 17.78 mm) inside diameter

F 0.50 inches (12.70 mm) minimum effective thread depth

G 0.31 inches (7.87 mm) minimum

H 0.5 inches (12.70 mm) minimum depth

NOTE 1: 0.1 inches (2.5 mm) maximum chamfer permissible as shown in figures.

NOTE 2: Thread lead-in chamfers shall be permitted

NOTE 3: The shank bottom surface shall be smooth and suitable for sealing with flat washers.

NOTE 4: 0.1 inch (2.5 mm) maximum lead in for thread shall be allowed.

A

SHANK

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<>

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B

A

CD

H

<>

Note 3

< >E

→Note 1

→Note 2

→Note 4→

LOCKNUT (OR MOUNTING NUT)

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B

G A

→Note 2

2 Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet TanksASSE Standard #1002 - 2008

Section II

2.0 Test Specimens

2.1 Samples Submitted for the TestThree (3) devices of each model shall be submitted by the manufacturer.

2.2 Samples TestedThe testing agency shall select one (1) of each model for the full test. Tests shall be performedin the order listed on one (1) device of each model submitted.

2.3 DocumentationAssembly drawings, installation instructions, and other information which are needed to enablea testing agency to determine compliance with this standard, shall accompany devices whensubmitted for examination and performance tests.

2.4 RejectionFailure of one (1) device shall be cause for rejection of that model.


Section III

3.0 Performance Requirements and Compliance Testing

3.1 Elevated Pressure and Temperature Test

3.1.1 PurposeThe purpose of this test is to evaluate the device’s performance at elevated temperatures andpressures; and to ensure that the manufacturer has provided a means for securing the refill tubeto the overflow tube and that it remains in place during the test.

3.1.2 ProcedureThe device shall be installed in a water closet tank or container per the manufacturer’s instructions.The water shall be permitted to be displaced in the water closet tank or container. The water supplytemperature for this test shall be maintained at 120.0 °F ± 5.0 °F (48.9 °C ± 2.8 °C), with a staticpressure of 125.0 psi (861.9 kPa).

Flush the water closet tank every five (5) minutes for a total of fifty (50) cycles using a flush volumetolerance of 1.4 to 2.0 gallons (5.3 to 7.6 liters).

Following this test, and with the water closet tank filled with water maintained at 120.0 °F ± 5.0 °F(48.9 °C ± 2.8 °C), the pressure in the device shall be raised to 150.0 psig (1034.3 kPa) andmaintained for five (5) minutes. The device shall be checked for leakage, distortion, or otherindications of damage which would affect the device’s performance.

3.1.3 CriteriaAny indications of leakage, distortion, or other damage which affects the device’s performanceshall result in a rejection of the device. Failure of the refill tube to remain in place throughout thistest shall result in a rejection of the device.

3.2 Cycle Test

3.2.1 PurposeThe purpose of this test is to demonstrate the device’s long-term operational performance.

3.2.2 ProcedureInstall the device per the manufacturer’s instructions in a water closet tank or container. The deviceshall be operated a total of seventy-five thousand (75,000) cycles at a minimum of 90.0 psi (620.6kPa) static pressure and 70.0 psig (482.7 kPa) minimum flowing pressure using ambienttemperature [65.0 °F - 80.0 °F (18.3 °C to 26.7 °C)] water. For each cycle, the tank shall be filledand the cycle shall have a maximum cycle time of one (1) minute. The water shall be permittedto be displaced in the tank to accelerate this test. Following this test, maintain a static pressureof 125.0 psig ( 861.9 kPa) for five (5) minutes, and observe for leakage, distortion, or otherindications of damage which would affect the device’s performance.

3.2.3 CriteriaAny indications of leakage, distortion, or other damage which affects the device’s performanceshall result in a rejection of the device. Failure of the refill tube to remain in place throughout thistest shall result in a rejection of the device.


3.3 Critical Level Marking and Backflow Prevention Test

3.3.1 PurposeThe purpose of this test is to verify the Critical Level (CL) marking, and ensure that the backflowprevention feature functions as intended.

3.3.2 ProcedureInstall the device in accordance with Figure 2. Foul all of the check valves, seats and checkingmembers with a 0.032 inches (0.8 mm) diameter wire. The fouling wire shall be placed at a singlepoint on each seating area.

Figure 2Anti-Siphon Fill Valve Test Assembly

A sight glass shall be assembled to the shank assembly as shown in Figure 2. Start with the tankwater level 0.125 inches (3.2 mm) below the vacuum breaker air port(s) or water dischargeopenings (air gaps type). As the water level is lowered, the device shall be subjected to aninstantaneous vacuum of 25 inches of mercury (84.7 kPa) until there is no water in the sight glass.Next, apply an intermittent vacuum of 5 inches of mercury (16.9 kPa) for five (5) seconds on andfive (5) seconds off until there is no water in the sight glass. Repeat the intermittent vacuum test


Antisiphon Fill Valve

Bowl Refill Tube

ColoredWater

Test Tank →

Lock Nut→

Sight Glass →

← Pressure Gauge

← Quick Opening Valve

← Slow Opening Valve

→ To Vacuum Tank

WaterCollecting

Drain

AABB

← Tank Fill Tube

at 10, 15, 20, and 25 inches of mercury (33.9 kPa, 50.8 kPa, 67.8 kPa, and 84.7 kPa) until thereis no water in the sight glass. This determines line “BB”, the elevation at which back-siphonageceases as the test tank water level is lowered.

To determine line “AA”, the elevation at which back-siphonage begins as the level is raised, setthe water level one (1) inch (25.4 mm) below line “BB”. The device shall be subjected to aninstantaneous vacuum of 25 inches of mercury (84.7 kPa). Increase the water level by incrementsof 0.125 inch (3.2 mm) until water appears in the sight glass. At each 0.125 inch (3.2 mm)increment, apply an intermittent vacuum of 5 inches of mercury (16.9 kPa) for five (5) seconds onand five (5) seconds off until water appears in the sight glass. Repeat the intermittent vacuum testat 10, 15, 20, and 25 inches of mercury (33.9 kPa, 50.8 kPa, 67.8 kPa, and 84.7 kPa) until waterappears in the sight glass.

While lines “AA” and “BB” may coincide, the lower of the two (2) lines shall be determined to bethe Critical Level (CL) of the device.

3.3.3 Criteriaa) If the Critical Level (CL) mark on the device is at or below the Critical Level (CL) determined

in Section 3.3.2, proceed to Section 3.5.b) If water fails to appear in the sight glass, the device shall be tested to Section 3.3.4.c) If the Critical Level (CL) mark on the device is above the Critical Level (CL) determined in

Section 3.3.2, this shall result in a rejection of the device.

3.3.4 Procedure to Determine if There are Hidden ChecksInstall the device in accordance with Figure 2. Hold all of the check valves, seats and checkingmembers fully open. Seal off the air inlet ports. A sight glass shall be assembled to the shankassembly as shown in Figure 2. Submerge the device completely under the water in the watercloset tank, and subject the device to a vacuum of 25 inches of mercury (84.7 kPa). Check for waterin the sight glass.

Failure of water to appear in the sight glass shall indicate the presence of a hidden check valve.Repeat the procedure in Section 3.3.4 with the check valve(s) fully open until water appears in thesight glass. Retest to Section 3.3.2.

3.4 Total Flow Test - Retrofit Devices Only

3.4.1 PurposeThe purpose of this test is to verify that the retrofit device meets minimum flow rates.

3.4.2 ProcedureThe device shall be set to run fully open with a flowing pressure of 15.0 psi (103.4 kPa) measuredat the inlet to the device. Measure the flow rate for a minimum of one (1) minute.

3.4.3 CriteriaFailure of the device to flow a minimum of 1.5 GPM (5.7 L/min) at 15.0 psi (103.4 kPa) flowingpressure shall result in a rejection of the device.

3.5 Refill Capacity Test - Retrofit Devices Only

3.5.1 PurposeThe purpose of the test is to verify that the device meets minimum refill requirements.


3.5.2 ProcedureThe device shall be set to run fully open with a flowing pressure of 15.0 psi (103.4 kPa) measuredat the inlet of the device. The refill flow rate shall be measured for a minimum of one (1) minute.

3.5.3 CriteriaFailure of the device to flow a minimum of 20% of the flow rate measured in Section 3.4.2 throughthe refill tube at 15.0 psi (103.4 kPa) flowing pressure shall result in a rejection of the device.


Section IV

4.0 Detailed Requirements

4.1 MaterialsSolder and fluxes containing lead in excess of 0.2% shall not be used in contact with potable water.Metal alloys in contact with potable water shall not exceed 8% lead.

4.2 Identification and MarkingsEach device shall be permanently marked with the following information in such a manner that thedevice can be readily identified after installation.a) Manufacturer’s name or trademark;b) Model name or number, or part number;c) Critical Level marking for device with air inlet ports.

4.3 Installation InstructionsWhen devices are furnished to retrofit water closets, installation instructions shall be provided withthe final packaged product.


1. Excerpt from the ASME A112.18.1/CSA B125.1).

Fill Valve Shanks

NominalShank Size

External ThreadDesignation

Major Diameter of Thread

Minimum Maximum Minimum

Pitch Diameter of Thread

Maximum

15/16 inch(23.81 mm)

15/16-14UNS-1A

0.9359 inch(23.77 mm)

0.9204 inch(23.37 mm)

0.8895 inch(22.50 mm)

0.8816 inch(22.39 mm)

Fill Valve Locknuts and Coupling Nuts

NominalSize

Internal ThreadDesignation

Minor Diameter of Thread

Minimum Maximum Minimum

Pitch Diameter of Thread

Maximum

15/16 inch(23.81 mm)

15/16-14UNS-1B

0.8681 inch(22.05 mm)

0.8602 inch(21.85 mm)

0.9014inch(22.90 mm)

0.8911 inch(22.63 mm)

Section V

5.0 DefinitionsDefinitions not found in this Section are located in the Plumbing Dictionary, Sixth Edition, publishedby the ASSE.

Anti-Siphon Fill ValveAnti-siphon fill valves are cold water supply valves that are installed within water closet tanks toprovide tank refill and a trap reseal after flushing a water closet. They are equipped with backflowprevention devices or an air gap.

Critical LevelThe lowest water level in a fitting at which backsiphonage will not occur1.

Appendix AThis Appendix shall not be considered a part of the standard. It is provided for informationalpurposes only.

Thread Dimensions (For Reference Only)

The information in this appendix is the result of a series of calculations which are specified inreference standard ASME/ANSI B1.1.


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ASSE 1002-2008 Anti-Siphon Fill Valves for Water Closet Tanks

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