ASP.NET MVC Internals
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Vitaly Baum @butaji ASP.NET MVC Internals
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Transcript of ASP.NET MVC Internals
Vitaly Baum @butaji
ASP.NET MVC Internals
▪Web Application▪MVC▪What and How
▪Controller▪How do I write Controllers? ▪How do requests come to Controller?
▪View▪How does ViewEngine render views? ▪Why do I need to change ViewEngine?
AGENDA
QUESTIONS• Non-IIS
• Azure in production
• NoSQL
• NGINX
OK. MVC
MVC• Front Controller
An object that handles all requests
• Page Controller
An object that handles a request for a specific page or action on a Web site
HTTP
HTTP
1. Request 2. Environment 3. Response
IIS• System.Web.dll
• IHttpHandler (extensions)
• IHttpModule (HttpApplication events)
using System;using System.Web;
public class LoggingHttpModule : IHttpModule{ public void Dispose() {}
public void Init(HttpApplication context) { context.BeginRequest += BeginRequest; }
void BeginRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) {
Logger.Instance.Log("Hi there!");}
}
public class RequestHandler : IHttpHandler{ public RequestHandler() { }
public bool IsReusable { get { return false; } }
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context) { context.Response.ContentType = "application/json"; context.Response.Write("{ id : 1 }"); }}
ASP.NET MVC?
• Were implemented on HttpHandlers
• https://servicestack.net/features
• http://www.castleproject.org/projects/monorail/
• http://mvc.fubu-project.org
IIS + ASP.NET• Highly coupled
• Hard to manage (ain’t my job)
• New features only with OS updates
a. Web Server b. Middleware c. Application
SERVER INTEROP
• authentication • cookies • authorization • output caching • localisation • request servicing (app)
MIDDLEWARE
SERVER INTEROP• Rack (ruby)
• WSGI (Python)
• Node.js
• OWIN (.NET)
require 'rack' app = Proc.new do |env| # ENV HASH [
'200', # HTTP CODE {'Content-‐Type' => 'text/html'}, ['A barebones rack app.’] # BODY
] end Rack::Handler::WEBrick.run app
MIDDLEWARE
var http = require('http');
var server = http.createServer(function (req, res) {
res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
res.end('Hello World\n');
})
server.listen(1337, '127.0.0.1');
MIDDLEWARE
var express = require('express') var app = express()
app.use(function (req, res, next) { console.log('Time:', Date.now()); next(); });
MIDDLEWARE
//OWIN Implementation
using AppFunc = Func< IDictionary<string, object>, Task >;
MIDDLEWARE
OWINpublic class Startup {
public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app) {
app.Run(context => { return context
.Response.WriteAsync("Hi OWIN/Katana"); });
} }
ASP.NET MVC
ASP.NET MVC LIFECYCLERouting UrlRoutingModule -> IRouteHandler -> IHttpHandler
Controller Execute -> Filters -> Model Binding -> Action
Action Your Code
Result Views -> TypeFormater
ROUTE HANDLERpublic class MyRouteHandler : IRouteHandler { public IHttpHandler GetHttpHandler( RequestContext requestContext) { var handler = new MyMVCHandler(); handler.RequestContext = requestContext; return handler; } }
ROUTE HANDLER• In case of dynamic routes
• CMS
• Blog with custom Slugs
MVC HANDLERpublic class MyMVCHandler : MvcHandler{ protected override void ProcessRequest(IHttpContext httpContext) {var controllerName = GetRequiredString(this.RequestContext.RouteData, "controller"); var controller = CreateController(controllerName); var controllerContext = new ControllerContext(base.RequestContext, controller); controller.Execute(controllerContext); } private IController CreateController(string controllerName) { return _controllerFactory.Create(controllerName); }}
DEPENDENCY MGMT
public class CustomControllerFactory : IControllerFactory { public IController CreateController(RequestContext requestContext, string name) { return _serviceLocator.Resolve<IController>(name); } }
DEPENDENCY MGMT//ASP.NET vNext has new way to inject dependencies
public class Startup { public void Configure(IBuilder app) { var services = new ServiceCollection(); services.AddTransient<IMessageGenerator, HelloMessageGenerator>();
app.UseMiddleware(typeof(ContainerMiddleware)); } }
OK. CTRL
CONTROLLER FAT VS SKINNY
CONTROLLER[HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")] public async Task<ActionResult> DeleteConfirmed(int id) { var album = await _storeContext.Albums.FindAsync(id); if (album == null) { return HttpNotFound();
}
_storeContext.Albums.Remove(album); await _storeContext.SaveChangesAsync();
return RedirectToAction("Index"); }
CONTROLLER[HttpPost, ActionName("Delete")] public async Task<ActionResult> DeleteConfirmed(int id) {
var removed = await _albumService.Remove(id);
return Status.NotFound == removed.Status ? HttpNotFound() : RedirectToAction(“Index");
}
CONTROLLER
//vNext can host POCOs controllers public List<Data> GetData() { return null; //will return 204 (NoContent)
}
def {action_name}( {params} )app_res = {domain_service}.{call}( {params} )return app_res
end
OK. VIEW
SEO OF SPA
SEO OF SPAMIDDLEWARE
Middleware
ApplicationGET / User-Agent: Chrome
GET / User-Agent: Google
JSON
Middleware
Application
GET / User-Agent: Google
GET / User-Agent: Chrome
HTML
SEO OF SPASHARED TEMPLATES
SHARED TEMPLATES
Server ClientTemplate
{{#repo}} <b>{{name}}</b>{{/repo}}
{ "repo": [ { "name": "resque" }, { "name": "hub" }, { "name": "rip" } ]}
<b>resque</b><b>hub</b><b>rip</b>+ =
YET ANOTHER TEMPLATE
VIEW ENGINEpublic interface IViewEngine { ViewEngineResult FindPartialView(ControllerContext ctx, string name, bool useCache);
ViewEngineResult FindView(ControllerContext ctx, string viewName, string masterName, bool useCache);
void ReleaseView(ControllerContext ctx, IView view); }
public interface IView { void Render(ViewContext ctx, TextWriter writer); }
http://buildstarted.com/2013/12/16/javascript-view-engine-for-aspnet/
VIEW ENGINEservices.AddMvc().Configure<MvcOptions>(
options => {
options.ViewEngines.Add( new MyCustomerViewEngine ());
});
COVERED TOPICS▪Web Application▪MVC▪What and How
▪Controller▪How do I write Controllers? ▪How do requests come to Controller?
▪View▪How does ViewEngine render views? ▪Why do I need to change ViewEngine?
THANK YOU
Vitaly Baum @butaji
