ASP.net and controls

8/8/2019 ASP.net and controls

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Obvpgf|jvogb vg MZ["BLV

MZ["BLV oz m |bocolf ^l` flsleg{dlbv dgfle vhmv obje|flz vhlzlpsojlz bljlzzmpy cgp yg| vg `|oef lbvlp{pozl$jemzz ^l` m{{eojmvogbz

~ovh m dobod|d gc jgfobn" MZ["BLV oz {mpv gc vhl "BLV Cpmdl~gpi%mbf ~hlb jgfobn MZ["BLV m{{eojmvogbz yg| hmsl mjjlzz vg jemzzlz obvhl "BLV Cpmdl~gpi" _g| jmb jgfl yg|p m{{eojmvogbz ob mbyembn|mnl jgd{mvoèl ~ovh vhl jgddgb embn|mnl p|bvodl (JEP/%obje|fobn Dojpgzgcv Soz|me @mzoj mbf J*" Vhlzl embn|mnlz lbmèl yg|vg flsleg{ MZ["BLV m{{eojmvogbz vhmv `lblcov cpgd vhl jgddgbembn|mnl p|bvodl% vy{l zmclvy% obhlpovmbjl% mbf zg gb"MZ["BLV oz m ~l` m{{eojmvogb cpmdl~gpi flsleg{lf mbf dmpilvlf `yDojpgzgcv vg meeg~ {pgnpmddlpz vg `|oef fybmdoj ~l` zovlz% ~l`m{{eojmvogbz mbf ~l` zlpsojlz" Ov ~mz copzv plelmzlf ob Amb|mpy 0;;0

~ovh slpzogb ="; gc vhl "BLV Cpmdl~gpi% mbf oz vhl z|jjlzzgp vgDojpgzgcv.z Mjvosl Zlpslp [mnlz (MZ[/ vljhbgegny" MZ["BLV oz `|oevgb vhl Jgddgb Embn|mnl P|bvodl (JEP/% meeg~obn {pgnpmddlpz vg~povl MZ["BLV jgfl |zobn mby z|{{gpvlf "BLV embn|mnl" VhlMZ["BLV ZGM[ lxvlbzogb cpmdl~gpi meeg~z MZ["BLV jgd{gblbvz vg{pgjlzz ZGM[ dlzzmnlz"

HozvgpyMcvlp vhl plelmzl gc Obvlpblv Obcgpdmvogb Zlpsojlz 6"; ob =??>%Dojpgzgcv `lnmb plzlmpjhobn {gzzoòeovolz cgp m bl~ ~l` m{{eojmvogbdgfle vhmv ~g|ef zgesl jgddgb jgd{emobvz m`g|v MZ[% lz{ljomeey~ovh plnmpf vg zl{mpmvogb gc {plzlbvmvogb mbf jgbvlbv mbf `lobn mèlvg ~povl jelmb jgfl" Dmpi Mbflpz% m dmbmnlp gb vhl OOZ vlmd% mbfZjgvv N|vhpol% ~hg hmf agoblf Dojpgzgcv ob =??> mcvlp npmf|mvobn cpgdF|il \boslpzovy% ~lpl vmzilf ~ovh flvlpdobobn ~hmv vhmv dgfle~g|ef eggi eoil" Vhl obovome flzonb ~mz flsleg{lf gslp vhl jg|pzl gc

v~g dgbvhz `y Mbflpz mbf N|vhpol% mbf N|vhpol jgflf vhl obovome{pgvgvy{lz f|pobn vhl Jhpozvdmz hgeofmyz ob =??>"

Vhl obovome {pgvgvy{l ~mz jmeelf XZ[9 N|vhpol lx{emoblf ob m 0;;>obvlpsol~ vhmv% [lg{el ~g|ef me~myz mzi ~hmv vhl X zvggf cgp" Mv vhlvodl ov plmeey fofb.v zvmbf cgp mbyvhobn" XDE zvmpvlf ~ovh vhmv9 XZEVzvmpvlf ~ovh vhmv" Lslpyvhobn jgge zlldlf vg zvmpv ~ovh mb X% zg vhmv.z


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~hmv ~l gponobmeey bmdlf ov" Vhl obovome {pgvgvy{l gc XZ[ ~mz fgbl|zobn Amsm% `|v ov ~mz zggb fljoflf vg `|oef vhl bl~ {emvcgpd gb vg{gc vhl Jgddgb Embn|mnl P|bvodl (JEP/% mz ov gcclplf mb gàljv$gpolbvlf {pgnpmddobn lbsopgbdlbv% nmp`mnl jgeeljvogb mbf gvhlp clmv|plz vhmv ~lpl zllb mz flzopmèl clmv|plz vhmv Dojpgzgcv.z

Jgd{gblbv Gàljv Dgfle {emvcgpd fofb.v z|{{gpv" N|vhpol flzjpo`lfvhoz fljozogb mz m h|nl pozi% mz vhl z|jjlzz gc vhlop bl~ ~l`flsleg{dlbv {emvcgpd ~g|ef `l volf vg vhl z|jjlzz gc vhl JEP% ~hojh%eoil XZ[% ~mz zvoee ob vhl lmpey zvmnlz gc flsleg{dlbv% zg d|jh zg vhmvvhl XZ[ vlmd ~mz vhl copzv vlmd mv Dojpgzgcv vg vmpnlv vhl JEP"

ôvh vhl dgsl vg vhl Jgddgb Embn|mnl P|bvodl% XZ[ ~mz pl$od{eldlbvlf ob J* (ibg~b obvlpbmeey mz [pgaljv Jgge `|v il{v zljplv cpgd vhl {|èoj/% mbf vhl bmdl jhmbnlf vg MZ[)% mz `y vhoz {gobv vhl

bl~ {emvcgpd ~mz zllb mz `lobn vhl z|jjlzzgp vg Mjvosl Zlpslp [mnlz%mbf vhl obvlbvogb ~mz vg {pgsofl mb lmzy donpmvogb {mvh cgp MZ[flsleg{lpz"

Dmpi Mbflpz copzv fldgbzvpmvlf MZ[) mv vhl MZ[ Jgbbljvogbzjgbclplbjl ob [hglbox% Mpoqgbm gb Dmy 0% 0;;;" Fldgbzvpmvogbz vgvhl ~ofl {|èoj mbf obovome `lvm plelmzl gc MZ[) (mbf vhl plzv gc vhl"BLV Cpmdl~gpi/ jmdl mv vhl 0;;; [pgclzzogbme Flsleg{lpzJgbclplbjl gb A|ey ==% 0;;; ob Gpembfg% Cegpofm" F|pobn @oee Nmvlz.ilybgvl {plzlbvmvogb% C|aovz| fldgbzvpmvlf MZ[) `lobn |zlf ob

jgba|bjvogb ~ovh JG@GE% mbf z|{{gpv cgp m smpolvy gc gvhlp embn|mnlz~mz mbbg|bjlf% obje|fobn Dojpgzgcv.z bl~ Soz|me @mzoj "BLV mbf J*embn|mnlz% mz ~lee mz [yvhgb mbf [lpe z|{{gpv `y ~my gcobvlpg{lpmòeovy vggez jplmvlf `y Mjvosl Zvmvl"

Gbjl vhl "BLV `pmbfobn ~mz fljoflf gb ob vhl zljgbf hmec gc 0;;;% ov~mz fljoflf vg plbmdl MZ[) vg MZ["BLV" Dmpi Mbflpz lx{emoblf gbmb m{{lmpmbjl gb Vhl DZFB Zhg~ vhmv ylmp vhmv% Vhl "BLVobovomvosl oz plmeey m`g|v m b|d`lp gc cmjvgpz% ov.z m`g|v fleoslpobnzgcv~mpl mz m zlpsojl% ov.z m`g|v XDE mbf ~l` zlpsojlz mbf plmeey

lbhmbjobn vhl Obvlpblv ob vlpdz gc ~hmv ov jmb fg """ ~l plmeey ~mbvlfvg `pobn ovz bmdl dgpl ob eobl ~ovh vhl plzv gc vhl {emvcgpd {oljlz vhmvdmil |{ vhl "BLV cpmdl~gpi"

Mcvlp cg|p ylmpz gc flsleg{dlbv% mbf m zlpolz gc `lvm plelmzlz ob 0;;;mbf 0;;=% MZ["BLV ="; ~mz plelmzlf gb Amb|mpy


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gc `ggiz hmf `llb ~povvlb m`g|v MZ["BLV% mbf Dojpgzgcv {pgdgvlf ovhlmsoey mz {mpv gc vhlop {emvcgpd cgp ~l` zlpsojlz" N|vhpol `ljmdl vhl {pgf|jv |bov dmbmnlp cgp MZ["BLV% mbf flsleg{dlbv jgbvob|lfm{mjl% ~ovh slpzogb ="= `lobn plelmzlf gb M{poe 06% 0;;: mz m {mpv gcôbfg~z Zlpslp 0;;:" Vhoz plelmzl cgj|zlf gb od{pgsobn MZ["BLV.z

z|{{gpv cgp dgòel flsojlz

Soz|me ^l` Flsleg{lp

Soz|me ^l` Flsleg{lp oz m c|ee$clmv|plf flsleg{dlbv lbsopgbdlbv cgpjplmvobn MZ["BLV ^l` m{{eojmvogbz" Soz|me ^l` Flsleg{lp gcclpz yg|vhl cgeeg~obn clmv|plz1

! ^l` {mnl flzonb M {g~lpc|e ^l` {mnl lfovgp vhmv obje|flz^_ZO^_N lfovobn mbf mb HVDE lfovobn dgfl ~ovh ObvleeoZlbzl mbfsmeofmvogb"

! [mnl flzonb clmv|plz Jgbzozvlbv zovl emyg|v ~ovh dmzvlp {mnlzmbf jgbzozvlbv {mnl m{{lmpmbjl ~ovh vhldlz mbf ziobz"

! Jgfl lfovobn M jgfl lfovgp vhmv lbmèlz yg| vg ~povl jgfl cgpyg|p fybmdoj ^l` {mnlz ob Soz|me @mzoj gp J*" Vhl jgfl lfovgpobje|flz zybvmx jgegpmvogb mbf ObvleeoZlbzl"

! Vlzvobn mbf Fl`|nnobn M egjme ^l` zlpslp cgp vlzvobn mbf mfl`|nnlp vhmv hle{z yg| cobf lppgpz ob yg|p {pgnpmdz"

! Fl{egydlbv Vggez vg m|vgdmvl vy{ojme vmziz cgp fl{egyobn m^l` m{{eojmvogb vg m hgzvobn zlpslp gp m hgzvobn {pgsoflp"

MZ["BLV Jgbvpgez

MZ["BLV ^l` zlpslp jgbvpgez mpl gàljvz gb MZ["BLV ^l` {mnlz vhmvp|b ~hlb vhl {mnl oz pl}|lzvlf mbf vhmv plbflp dmpi|{ vg m `pg~zlp"Dmby ^l` zlpslp jgbvpgez plzldèl cmdoeomp HVDE leldlbvz% z|jh mz`|vvgbz mbf vlxv `gxlz" Gvhlp jgbvpgez lbjgd{mzz jgd{elx `lhmsogp%z|jh mz m jmelbfmp jgbvpgez% mbf jgbvpgez vhmv dmbmnl fmvmjgbbljvogbz"

Vhl vg{ojz ob vhoz zljvogb flzjpo`l ~hmv MZ["BLV ^l` jgbvpgez mplmbf hg~ vg ~gpi ~ovh vhld"


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y MZ["BLV \zlp Jgbvpgezy MZ["BLV ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpgezy MZ["BLV ^l` [mpvz Jgbvpgez

MZ["BLV \zlp Jgbvpgez

Ob mffovogb vg |zobn ^l` zlpslp jgbvpgez ob yg|p MZ["BLV ^l` {mnlz%yg| jmb jplmvl yg|p g~b j|zvgd% pl|zm`el jgbvpgez |zobn vhl zmdlvljhbo}|lz yg| |zl cgp jplmvobn MZ["BLV ^l` {mnlz" Vhlzl jgbvpgezmpl jmeelf |zlp jgbvpgez"

M |zlp jgbvpge oz m iobf gc jgd{gzovl jgbvpge vhmv ~gpiz d|jh eoil mbMZ["BLV ^l` {mnlyg| jmb mff lxozvobn ^l` zlpslp jgbvpgez mbfdmpi|{ vg m |zlp jgbvpge% mbf flcobl {pg{lpvolz mbf dlvhgfz cgp vhljgbvpge" _g| jmb vhlb ld`lf vhld ob MZ["BLV ^l` {mnlz% ~hlpl vhlymjv mz m |bov"

Mv vodlz% yg| donhv bllf c|bjvogbmeovy ob m jgbvpge vhmv oz bgv{pgsoflf `y vhl `|oev$ob MZ["BLV ^l` zlpslp jgbvpgez" Ob vhgzl jmzlz%yg| jmb jplmvl yg|p g~b jgbvpgez" _g| hmsl v~g g{vogbz" _g| jmb

jplmvl1

! \zlp jgbvpgez" \zlp jgbvpgez mpl jgbvmoblpz obvg ~hojh yg| jmb {|v dmpi|{ mbf ^l` zlpslp jgbvpgez" _g| jmb vhlb vplmv vhl |zlpjgbvpge mz m |bov mbf flcobl {pg{lpvolz mbf dlvhgfz cgp ov"

! J|zvgd jgbvpgez" M j|zvgd jgbvpge oz m jemzz vhmv yg| ~povlvhmv flposlz cpgd Jgbvpge gp ^l`Jgbvpge"

\zlp jgbvpgez mpl z|`zvmbvomeey lmzolp vg jplmvl vhmb j|zvgd jgbvpgez%`ljm|zl yg| jmb pl|zl lxozvobn jgbvpgez" Vhly dmil ov {mpvoj|empey

lmzy vg jplmvl jgbvpgez ~ovh jgd{elx |zlp obvlpcmjl leldlbvz"

\zlp Jgbvpge Zvp|jv|pl

Mb MZ["BLV ^l` |zlp jgbvpge oz zodoemp vg m jgd{elvl MZ["BLV ^l`{mnl ("mz{x coel/% ~ovh `gvh m |zlp obvlpcmjl {mnl mbf jgfl" _g| jplmvlvhl |zlp jgbvpge ob d|jh vhl zmdl ~my yg| jplmvl mb MZ["BLV {mnlmbf vhlb mff vhl dmpi|{ mbf jhoef jgbvpgez vhmv yg| bllf" M |zlp


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jgbvpge jmb obje|fl jgfl vg dmbo{|emvl ovz jgbvlbvz eoil m {mnl jmb%obje|fobn {lpcgpdobn vmziz z|jh mz fmvm òbfobn"

M |zlp jgbvpgez focclpz cpgd mb MZ["BLV ^l` {mnl ob vhlzl ~myz1

! Vhl coel bmdl lxvlbzogb cgp vhl |zlp jgbvpge oz "mzjx"! Obzvlmf gc mb K [mnl fopljvosl% vhl |zlp jgbvpge jgbvmobz mb K

Jgbvpge fopljvosl vhmv flcoblz jgbcon|pmvogb mbf gvhlp {pg{lpvolz"! \zlp jgbvpgez jmbbgv p|b mz zvmbf$megbl coelz" Obzvlmf% yg|

d|zv mff vhld vg MZ["BLV {mnlz% mz yg| ~g|ef mby jgbvpge"! Vhl |zlp jgbvpge fglz bgv hmsl hvde% `gfy% gp cgpd leldlbvz ob

ov" Vhlzl leldlbvz d|zv `l ob vhl hgzvobn {mnl"

_g| jmb |zl vhl zmdl HVDE leldlbvz (lxjl{v vhl hvde% `gfy% gp cgpdleldlbvz/ mbf ^l` jgbvpgez gb m |zlp jgbvpge vhmv yg| fg gb mb

MZ["BLV ^l` {mnl" Cgp lxmd{el% oc yg| mpl jplmvobn m |zlp jgbvpge vg|zl mz m vgge`mp% yg| jmb {|v m zlpolz gc @|vvgb ^l` zlpslp jgbvpgezgbvg vhl jgbvpge mbf jplmvl lslbv hmbfelpz cgp vhl `|vvgbz"

MZ["BLV ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpgez

MZ["BLV ^l` zlpslp jgbvpgez mpl gàljvz gb MZ["BLV ^l` {mnlz vhmvp|b ~hlb vhl {mnl oz pl}|lzvlf mbf vhmv plbflp dmpi|{ vg vhl`pg~zlp" Dmby ^l` zlpslp jgbvpgez mpl zodoemp vg cmdoeomp HVDEleldlbvz% z|jh mz `|vvgbz mbf vlxv `gxlz" Gvhlp jgbvpgez lbjgd{mzzjgd{elx `lhmsogp% z|jh mz m jmelbfmp jgbvpgez% mbf jgbvpgez vhmv yg|jmb |zl vg jgbbljv vg fmvm zg|pjlz mbf foz{emy fmvm"

MZ["BLV mezg {pgsoflz MAMX$lbmèlf zlpslp jgbvpgez" Vhlzl jgbzozv gczlpslp mbf jeolbv jgfl vhmv obvlnpmvl vg {pgf|jl pojh jeolbv `lhmsogp"^hlb yg| mff mb MAMX jgbvpge vg mb MZ["BLV ^l` {mnl% vhl {mnlm|vgdmvojmeey zlbfz z|{{gpvobn jeolbv zjpo{v vg vhl `pg~zlp cgp MAMXc|bjvogbmeovy" _g| jmb mezg {pgsofl mffovogbme jeolbv jgfl vg j|zvgdoqlvhl c|bjvogbmeovy gc m jgbvpge% `|v vhoz oz bgv pl}|oplf"

Vhl cgeeg~obn mpl vhl jgbvpgez ~hojh jgdlz |bflp ~l` zlpslp jgbvpgez1 $

y Egnob Vgge`gx Jgbvpgezy Smeofmvogb Vgge`gx Jgbvpgezy Fmvm Vgge`gx Jgbvpgez


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MZ["BLV Egnob Jgbvpgez

MZ["BLV {pgsoflz pg`|zv egnob (m|vhlbvojmvogb/ c|bjvogbmeovy cgpMZ["BLV ^l` m{{eojmvogbz ~ovhg|v pl}|opobn {pgnpmddobn" Vhlflcm|ev Soz|me Zv|fog {pgaljv vld{emvlz cgp ^l` m{{eojmvogbz mbf cgp^l` zovlz obje|fl {pl`|oev {mnlz vhmv elv |zlpz plnozvlp m bl~ mjjg|bv%egn ob% mbf jhmbnl vhlop {mzz~gpfz"

_g| jmb mezg jplmvl yg|p g~b {mnlz vhmv yg| jmb mff MZ["BLV egnobjgbvpgez vg ob gpflp vg mff egnob c|bjvogbmeovy" Vg |zl vhl egnobjgbvpgez% yg| jplmvl m ^l` {mnlz mbf vhlb mff vhl egnob jgbvpgez vgvhld cpgd vhl Vgge`gx"

Vy{ojmeey% yg| plzvpojv mjjlzz vg MZ["BLV {mnlz `y {|vvobn vhld obvgm {pgvljvlf cgeflp" _g| vhlb jgbcon|pl vhl cgeflp vg flby mjjlzz vg

mbgbydg|z |zlpz (|zlpz ~hg mpl bgv egnnlf ob/ mbf vg npmbv mjjlzz vgm|vhlbvojmvlf (egnnlf$ob/ |zlpz" (Vhl flcm|ev {pgaljv vld{emvl cgp ^l`{pgaljvz obje|flz m cgeflp bmdlf Mjjg|bvz vhmv oz meplmfy jgbcon|plfvg meeg~ mjjlzz gbey vg egnnlf$ob |zlpz"/ G{vogbmeey% yg| jmb mzzonb|zlpz vg pgelz mbf vhlb m|vhgpoql |zlpz vg mjjlzz z{ljocoj ^l` {mnlz `ypgel"

@y flcm|ev% egnob jgbvpgez obvlnpmvl ~ovh MZ["BLV dld`lpzho{ mbfMZ["BLV cgpdz m|vhlbvojmvogb vg hle{ m|vgdmvl |zlp m|vhlbvojmvogb cgp m ^l` zovl" @y flcm|ev% vhl MZ["BLV egnob jgbvpgez ~gpi ob {emob

vlxv gslp HVV[" Oc yg| mpl jgbjlpblf m`g|v zlj|povy% |zl HVV[Z ~ovhZZE lbjpy{vogb"

Vhoz vg{oj flzjpo`lz lmjh MZ["BLV egnob jgbvpge Vhoz vg{oj jgbvmobzvhl cgeeg~obn zljvogbz1

y Vhl EgnobSol~ Jgbvpgey Vhl EgnobZvmv|z Jgbvpgey Vhl EgnobBmdl Jgbvpgey Vhl [mzz~gpfPljgslpy Jgbvpgey Vhl Jplmvl\zlp^oqmpf Jgbvpgey Vhl Jhmbnl[mzz~gpf Jgbvpge

="Vhl EgnobSol~ JgbvpgeVhl EgnobSol~ jgbvpge meeg~z yg| vg foz{emy focclplbv obcgpdmvogb vgmbgbydg|z mbf egnnlf$ob |zlpz" Vhl jgbvpge foz{emyz gbl gc v~gvld{emvlz1 vhl Mbgbydg|zVld{emvl gp vhl EgnnlfObVld{emvl" Ob vhl


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vld{emvlz% yg| jmb mff dmpi|{ mbf jgbvpgez vhmv foz{emy obcgpdmvogbm{{pg{pomvl cgp mbgbydg|z |zlpz mbf m|vhlbvojmvlf |zlpz%plz{ljvosley"

Vhl EgnobSol~ jgbvpge mezg obje|flz lslbvz cgp Sol~Jhmbnobn mbf

Sol~Jhmbnlf % ~hojh meeg~ yg| vg ~povl hmbfelpz cgp ~hlb vhl |zlpegnz ob mbf jhmbnlz zvmv|z"

0"Vhl EgnobZvmv|z JgbvpgeVhl EgnobZvmv|z jgbvpge foz{emyz m egnob eobi cgp |zlpz ~hg mpl bgvm|vhlbvojmvlf mbf m egng|v eobi cgp |zlpz ~hg mpl m|vhlbvojmvlf" Vhlegnob eobi vmilz vhl |zlp vg m egnob {mnl" Vhl egng|v eobi plzlvz vhlj|pplbv |zlp.z oflbvovy vg `l mb mbgbydg|z |zlp"

_g| jmb j|zvgdoql vhl m{{lmpmbjl gc vhl EgnobZvmv|z jgbvpge `yzlvvobn vhl EgnobVlxv mbf EgnobOdmnl\pe {pg{lpvolz"

:"Vhl EgnobBmdl JgbvpgeVhl EgnobBmdl jgbvpge foz{emyz m |zlp.z egnob bmdl oc vhl |zlp hmzegnnlf ob |zobn MZ["BLV dld`lpzho{" Mevlpbmvosley% oc yg|p zovl |zlzobvlnpmvlf ôbfg~z m|vhlbvojmvogb% vhl jgbvpge foz{emyz vhl |zlp.zôbfg~z mjjg|bv bmdl"

6"Vhl [mzz~gpfPljgslpy JgbvpgeVhl [mzz~gpfPljgslpy jgbvpge meeg~z |zlp {mzz~gpfz vg `l plvpolslf`mzlf gb vhl l$dmoe mffplzz vhmv ~mz |zlf ~hlb vhl mjjg|bv ~mzjplmvlf" Vhl [mzz~gpfPljgslpy jgbvpge zlbfz mb l$dmoe dlzzmnljgbvmobobn m {mzz~gpf vg vhl |zlp"

_g| jmb jgbcon|pl MZ["BLV dld`lpzho{ vg zvgpl {mzz~gpfz |zobnbgb$plslpzoèl lbjpy{vogb" Ob vhmv jmzl% vhl [mzz~gpfPljgslpy jgbvpgenlblpmvlz m bl~ {mzz~gpf obzvlmf gc zlbfobn vhl gponobme {mzz~gpf vg

vhl |zlp"

_g| jmb mezg jgbcon|pl dld`lpzho{ vg obje|fl m zlj|povy }|lzvogb vhmvvhl |zlp d|zv mbz~lp vg pljgslp m {mzz~gpf" Oc yg| fg% vhl[mzz~gpfPljgslpy jgbvpge mziz vhl }|lzvogb mbf jhljiz vhl mbz~lp`lcgpl pljgslpobn vhl {mzz~gpf"


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Vhl [mzz~gpfPljgslpy jgbvpge pl}|oplz vhmv yg|p m{{eojmvogb jmb cgp~mpf l$dmoe dlzzmnl vg m Zod{el Dmoe Vpmbzclp [pgvgjge (ZDV[/zlpslp" _g| jmb j|zvgdoql vhl vlxv mbf cgpdmv gc vhl l$dmoe dlzzmnlzlbv vg vhl |zlp `y zlvvobn vhl DmoeFlcobovogb {pg{lpvy"

Vhl cgeeg~obn lxmd{el zhg~z m [mzz~gpfPljgslpy jgbvpge fljemplf obmb MZ["BLV {mnl ~ovh DmoeFlcobovogb {pg{lpvy zlvvobnz vg j|zvgdoqlvhl l$dmoe dlzzmnl"

5mz{1[mzz~gpfPljgslpy OF4[mzz~gpfPljgslpy= P|bmv4zlpslpZ|`dov@|vvgbVlxv4Nlv [mzz~gpf Z|`dov@|vvgbVy{l4Eobi2

5DmoeFlcobovogb Cpgd4mfdobozvpmvgpKJgbvgzg"jgdZ|`aljv4_g|p bl~ {mzz~gpf@gfyCoelBmdl4[mzz~gpfDmoe"vxv '2

5'mz{1[mzz~gpfPljgslpy2


9/27

3"Vhl Jhmbnl[mzz~gpf JgbvpgeVhl Jhmbnl[mzz~gpf jgbvpge meeg~z |zlpz vg jhmbnl vhlop {mzz~gpf"Vhl |zlp d|zv copzv z|{{ey vhl gponobme {mzz~gpf mbf vhlb jplmvl mbfjgbcopd vhl bl~ {mzz~gpf" Oc vhl gponobme {mzz~gpf oz jgppljv% vhl |zlp

{mzz~gpf oz jhmbnlf vg vhl bl~ {mzz~gpf" Vhl jgbvpge mezg obje|flzz|{{gpv cgp zlbfobn mb l$dmoe dlzzmnl m`g|v vhl bl~ {mzz~gpf"

Vhl Jhmbnl[mzz~gpf jgbvpge obje|flz v~g vld{emvlf sol~z vhmv mplfoz{emylf vg vhl |zlp" Vhl copzv oz vhl Jhmbnl[mzz~gpfVld{emvl %~hojh foz{emyz vhl |zlp obvlpcmjl |zlf vg nmvhlp vhl fmvm pl}|oplf vgjhmbnl vhl |zlp {mzz~gpf" Vhl zljgbf vld{emvl oz vhl Z|jjlzzVld{emvl%~hojh flcoblz vhl |zlp obvlpcmjl vhmv oz foz{emylf mcvlp m |zlp{mzz~gpf hmz `llb z|jjlzzc|eey jhmbnlf"

Vhl Jhmbnl[mzz~gpf jgbvpge ~gpiz ~ovh m|vhlbvojmvlf mbf bgb$m|vhlbvojmvlf |zlpz" Oc m |zlp hmz bgv `llb m|vhlbvojmvlf% vhl jgbvpge {pgd{vz vhl |zlp cgp m egnob bmdl" Oc vhl |zlp oz m|vhlbvojmvlf% vhljgbvpge {g{|emvlz vhl vlxv `gx ~ovh vhl |zlp.z egnob bmdl"

MZ["BLV Smeofmvogb Jgbvpgez

Vhl Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp JgbvpgeVhl Jgd{mplSmeofmvgp JgbvpgeVhl PmbnlSmeofmvgp JgbvpgeVhl Pln|empLx{plzzogbSmeofmvgp JgbvpgeVhl J|zvgdSmeofmvgp JgbvpgeVhl SmeofmvogbZ|ddmpy Jgbvpge

Smeofmvogb Zlpslp Jgbvpge Flzjpo{vogb

Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp Lbz|plz vhmv vhl |zlp fglz bgv zio{ m

cgpd lbvpy colef

Jgd{mplSmeofmvgp Meeg~z cgp jgd{mpozgbz `lv~llb vhl|zlp.z ob{|v mbf mbgvhlp ovld |zobn mjgd{mpozgb g{lpmvgp (l}|mez% nplmvlpvhmb% elzz vhmb% mbf zg gb/

PmbnlSmeofmvgp Jhljiz vhl |zlp.z ob{|v `mzlf |{gb m


10/27

eg~lp$ mbf |{{lp$elsle pmbnl gcb|d`lpz gp jhmpmjvlpz

Pln|empLx{plzzogbSmeofmvgp Jhljiz vhmv vhl |zlp.z lbvpy dmvjhlz m {mvvlpb flcoblf `y m pln|emp

lx{plzzogb" Vhoz oz m nggf jgbvpge vg |zlvg jhlji l$dmoe mffplzzlz mbf {hgblb|d`lpz

J|zvgdSmeofmvgp Jhljiz vhl |zlp.z lbvpy |zobn j|zvgd$jgflf smeofmvogb egnoj

SmeofmvogbZ|ddmpy Foz{emyz mee vhl lppgp dlzzmnlz cpgdvhl smeofmvgpz ob gbl z{ljocoj z{gv gbvhl {mnl

Bgv mee `|vvgb jeojiz mpl l}|me

Bgpdmeey% ob m zlpolz gc HVDE cgpd leldlbvz% vhlpl oz zgdl zgpv gc@|vvgb% Odmnl@|vvgb% gp Eobi@|vvgb jgbvpge gb vhl {mnl vhmv z|`dovzvhl cgpd mbf jm|zlz vhl smeofmvogb vg obovomvl" Vhoz donhv bgv `l vhlc|bjvogbmeovy vhmv yg| mpl me~myz eggiobn cgp ob yg|p ^l` cgpdz" _g|dmy bgv ~mbv lmjh mbf lslpy `|vvgb gb vhl MZ["BLV {mnl vg obovomvlsmeofmvogb"

Cgp obzvmbjl% yg| donhv hmsl m Jmbjle gp Plzlv `|vvgb gb vhl ^l`

{mnl" Oc vhl |zlp jeojiz gbl gc vhlzl `|vvgbz% yg| fgb.v ~mbv vhmv`|vvgb jeoji vg smeofmvl vhl jgbvlbvz jgbvmoblf ob vhl ^l` cgpd"

Vg {plslbv vhoz% yg| hmsl vg zlv vhl Jm|zlzSmeofmvogb {pg{lpvy cgp vhljgbvpge vg Cmezl"

5mz{1@|vvgb of4@|vvgb= p|bmv4zlpslp Vlxv4@|vvgbJm|zlzSmeofmvogb4Cmezl25'mz{1@|vvgb2

="Vhl Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp JgbvpgeVhl Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge dmilz z|pl vhmv vhl |zlplbvlpz zgdlvhobn obvg vhl colef vhmv ov oz mzzgjomvlf ~ovh ob vhl cgpd"_g| bllf vg vol vhl Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp vg lmjh jgbvpge vhmv oz mpl}|oplf colef ob vhl cgpd" Mevhg|nh vhoz oz vhl zod{elzv gc vhl


11/27

smeofmvogb zlpslp jgbvpgez% yg| d|zv |bflpzvmbf jlpvmob vhobnz m`g|vov"

Vg zll mb lxmd{el gc |zobn vhl Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge%jplmvl m ^l` cgpd vhmv jgbvmobz m Vlxv@gx zlpslp jgbvpge mbf m@|vvgb zlpslp jgbvpge" Blxv vg vhl `|vvgb% {emjl mPl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge"

0"Vhl Jgd{mplSmeofmvgp JgbvpgeVhl Jgd{mplSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge jgd{mplz vhl sme|l lbvlplf obvgvhl cgpd colef vg mbgvhlp colef% m fmvm`mzl sme|l% gp gvhlp sme|l vhmvyg| z{ljocy" ^hlb jgd{mpobn mnmobzv fmvm vy{lz% yg| a|zv zlv vhlG{lpmvgpFmvmVy{lJhlji" Mcvlp vhmv oz fgbl% yg| jmb zlv vhl Vy{l

mvvpo`|vl vg Zvpobn% Obvlnlp% Fg|`el% Fmvl% gp J|pplbjy ob vhlJgd{mplSmeofmvgp jgbvpge vg dmil z|pl vhmv vhl |zlp.z ob{|v obvg vhlcolef oz vhl z{ljocolf vy{l"

:"Vhl PmbnlSmeofmvgp JgbvpgeVhl PmbnlSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge oz zodoemp vg vhlJgd{mplSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge% `|v vhl PmbnlSmeofmvgp zlpslp

jgbvpge jgd{mplz ~hmv oz lbvlplf obvg vhl cgpd colef ~ovh v~g sme|lzmbf dmilz z|pl vhmv ~hmv ~mz lbvlplf `y vhl |zlp oz `lv~llb vhlzlv~g z{ljocolf sme|lz"

Cgp obzvmbjl% odmnobl vhmv yg| hmsl m vlxv `gx ~hlpl yg| ~mbv lbf|zlpz vg lbvlp vhlop mnlz" Obzvlmf gc `lobn nplmvlp vhmb gp elzz vhmb mz{ljocoj jgbzvmbv% yg| ~mbv vhl sme|lz lbvlplf vg `l `lv~llb m z{ljocojpmbnl gc b|d`lpz" Cgp vhoz% yg| |zl vhl PmbnlSmeofmvgp zlpslpjgbvpge% mz oee|zvpmvlf ob Eozvobn ?"

\zobn vhl PmbnlSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge vg ~gpi ~ovh m pmbnl gc

b|d`lpzMnl15mz{1Vlxv@gx of4Vlxv@gx= p|bmv4zlpslp25'mz{1Vlxv@gx2

#b`z{95mz{1PmbnlSmeofmvgp of4PmbnlSmeofmvgp= p|bmv4zlpslp

JgbvpgeVgSmeofmvl4Vlxv@gx= Vy{l4ObvlnlpLppgpDlzzmnl4_g| d|zv `l `lv~llb :; mbf 6;


12/27

Dmxod|dSme|l46; Dobod|dSme|l4:;25'mz{1PmbnlSmeofmvgp2Ob vhoz jmzl% vhl |zlp zhg|ef lbvlp m sme|l `lv~llb :; mbf 6; ob vhlvlxv `gx" Oc zgdl b|d`lp oz lbvlplf vhmv oz g|vzofl gc vhoz pmbnl% vhlPmbnlSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge coplz mb lppgp dlzzmnl mbf jgbzoflpzvhl cgpd z|`dozzogb obsmeof"

Vhl Vy{l {pg{lpvy lbmèlz yg| vg dmil jgd{mpozgbz mnmobzv dmbyfocclplbv "BLV Cpmdl~gpi vy{lz% z|jh mz Zvpobn% Obvlnlp% Fg|èl%Fmvl% mbf J|pplbjy" Vhlzl jhgojlz lbmèl yg| vg fg m b|d`lp gc pmbnljgd{mpozgbz" Cgp obzvmbjl% yg| jmb |zl vhl J|pplbjy sme|l ob vhlVy{l {pg{lpvy vg plvpolsl dgblvmpy$sme|l lbvpolz vhmv mpl ~ovhob mjlpvmob pmbnl" _g| jmb mezg |zl vhl Fmvl sme|l cgp vhl Vy{l {pg{lpvyvg dmil z|pl vhmv vhl lbvpy oz `lv~llb z{ljocoj fmvl pmbnlz"

Mezg% a|zv mz yg| jmb |zl vhl Zvpobn fmvm vy{l ob vhlJgd{mplSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge% yg| jmb |zl vhl Zvpobn fmvm vy{l

~ovh vhl PmbnlSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge vg dmil z|pl vhmv vhl sme|llbvlplf cmeez ~ovhob m z{ljocoj pmbnl gc jhmpmjvlpz" Cgp lxmd{el% oc vhl|zlp oz lbvlpobn hlp emzv bmdl% mbf yg| ~mbv gbey {lg{el ~ovh emzvbmdlz zvmpvobn ~ovh D mbf [ vg {pgjllf% yg| jmb lmzoey fg vhoz `y|zobn vhl PmbnlSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge% mz oee|zvpmvlf ob Eozvobn =;"

Jgd{mpobn mb lbvpy vg m pmbnl gc jhmpmjvlpz

Emzv bmdl15mz{1Vlxv@gx of4Vlxv@gx= p|bmv4zlpslp25'mz{1Vlxv@gx2

#b`z{9

5mz{1PmbnlSmeofmvgp of4PmbnlSmeofmvgp= p|bmv4zlpslpJgbvpgeVgSmeofmvl4Vlxv@gx=LppgpDlzzmnl4_g|p emzv bmdl bllfz vg `l `lv~llb D mbf [Dmxod|dSme|l4] Dobod|dSme|l4D25'mz{1PmbnlSmeofmvgp2

Ob vhl lxmd{el ob Eozvobn =;% vhl sme|l oz `lobn jhljilf mnmobzv mpmbnl vhmv oz z{ljocolf `y |zobn vhl Dmxod|dSme|l mbfDobod|dSme|l {pg{lpvolz" Bgvojl% ob vhoz lxmd{el% vhmv vhl Vy{l {pg{lpvy oz bgv z{ljocolf" Ob vhoz jmzl% ov fglzb.v bllf vg `l z{ljocolf`ljm|zl vhl flcm|ev sme|l gc vhl Vy{l {pg{lpvy oz Zvpobn" Oc bgvz{ljocolf% ov oz jgbzoflplf vg hmsl vhl sme|l gc Zvpobn"

6"Vhl Pln|empLx{plzzogbSmeofmvgp JgbvpgeVhl Pln|empLx{plzzogbSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpge oz m smeofmvogb jgbvpgevhmv lbmèlz yg| vg jhlji vhl |zlp.z ob{|v `mzlf gb m {mvvlpb flcoblf`y m pln|emp lx{plzzogb" Vhoz oz m nplmv jgbvpge vg jhlji ~hlvhlp vhl|zlp hmz lbvlplf m smeof l$dmoe mffplzz gp vlel{hgbl b|d`lp" Ob vhl


13/27

{mzv% vhlzl iobfz gc smeofmvogbz vggi m jgbzoflpm`el mdg|bv gc AmsmZjpo{v jgfobn" Vhl Pln|empLx{plzzogbSmeofmvgp jgbvpge ~ovhMZ["BLV zmslz jgfobn vodl"

Ob vhl [pg{lpvolz ~obfg~ cgp vhl Pln|empLx{plzzogbSmeofmvgp zlpslpjgbvpge% jeoji vhl `|vvgb ob vhl SmeofmvogbLx{plzzogb `gx% mbf Soz|meZv|fog"BLV {pgsoflz yg| ~ovh m zhgpv eozv gc lx{plzzogbz vg |zl ob yg|pcgpd som vhl Pln|emp Lx{plzzogb Lfovgp" Hg~lslp% yg| mpl bgv eodovlfvg vhlzl pln|emp lx{plzzogbz ob yg|p MZ["BLV m{{eojmvogbz"


14/27

#b`z{95mz{1Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp of4Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp=p|bmv4zlpslp LppgpDlzzmnl4_g| d|zv lbvlp yg|p copzv bmdlJgbvpgeVgSmeofmvl4Vlxv@gx=25'mz{1Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp2

5'{2

5{2Emzv bmdl5mz{1Vlxv@gx of4Vlxv@gx0 p|bmv4zlpslp25'mz{1Vlxv@gx2#b`z{9

5mz{1Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp of4Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp0p|bmv4zlpslp LppgpDlzzmnl4_g| d|zv lbvlp yg|p emzv bmdlJgbvpgeVgSmeofmvl4Vlxv@gx025'mz{1Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp2

5'{25{2

5mz{1@|vvgb of4@|vvgb= gbjeoji4@|vvgb=WJeoji p|bmv4zlpslpVlxv4Z|`dov25'mz{1@|vvgb2

5'{25{2

5mz{1SmeofmvogbZ|ddmpy of4SmeofmvogbZ|ddmpy= p|bmv4zlpslpHlmflpVlxv4_g| pljloslf vhl cgeeg~obn lppgpz12

5'mz{1SmeofmvogbZ|ddmpy25'{25{2

5mz{1Em`le of4Em`le= p|bmv4zlpslp25'mz{1Em`le25'{2\zobn vhoz iobf gc jgbzvp|jv% ~hlb vhl smeofmvogb zlpslp jgbvpge oz

vponnlplf% lppgp dlzzmnlz zodoemp vg vhl gblz zhg~b ob Con|pl ? m{{lmpgb vhl zjpllb"

\bflpzvmbfobn vhl Focclplbjl @lv~llb vhl LppgpDlzzmnl mbf Vlxv[pg{lpvolz

Ob vhl lxmd{elz zhg~b zg cmp |zobn vhl SmeofmvogbZ|ddmpy zlpslpjgbvpge% vhl lppgp dlzzmnlz ~lpl blxv vg vhl ovldz vhmv ~lpl `lobnsmeofmvlf (vhl Pl}|oplfColefSmeofmvgp zlpslp jgbvpgez/ mbf ~lplfoz{emylf ~ovhob vhl SmeofmvogbZ|ddmpy zlpslp jgbvpge" Gbl oflme~my gc {plzlbvobn vhoz smeofmvogb$lppgp obcgpdmvogb oz vg hmsl mbmzvlpozi (!/ m{{lmp blxv vg vhl HVDE cgpd colefz ob }|lzvogb% ~hoel vhllppgp dlzzmnlz zvmvobn ~hmv oz ~pgbn ~ovh vhl ob{|v m{{lmp ob vhl eozvgc lppgpz zhg~b ~ovhob vhl SmeofmvogbZ|ddmpy jgbvpge"


15/27

MZ["BLV Fmvm Jgbvpgez="Npof sol~ eozv

M plj|ppobn vmzi ob zgcv~mpl flsleg{dlbv oz vg foz{emy vm`|emp fmvm"

MZ["BLV {pgsoflz m b|d`lp gc vggez cgp zhg~obn vm`|emp fmvm ob mnpof% obje|fobn vhl NpofSol~ jgbvpge" ôvh vhl NpofSol~ jgbvpge% yg|jmb foz{emy% lfov% mbf flelvl fmvm cpgd dmby focclplbv iobfz gc fmvmzg|pjlz% obje|fobn fmvm`mzlz% XDE coelz% mbf `|zoblzz gàljvz vhmvlx{gzl fmvm"

_g| jmb |zl vhl NpofSol~ jgbvpge vg fg vhl cgeeg~obn1

y M|vgdmvojmeey òbf vg mbf foz{emy fmvm cpgd m fmvm zg|pjljgbvpge"

yZleljv% zgpv% {mnl vhpg|nh% lfov% mbf flelvl fmvm cpgd m fmvmzg|pjl jgbvpge"

Mffovogbmeey% yg| jmb j|zvgdoql vhl m{{lmpmbjl mbf `lhmsogp gc vhlNpofSol~ jgbvpge `y fgobn vhl cgeeg~obn1

y Z{ljocyobn j|zvgd jge|dbz mbf zvyelz"y \voeoqobn vld{emvlz vg jplmvl j|zvgd |zlp obvlpcmjl (\O/

leldlbvz"y Mffobn yg|p g~b jgfl vg vhl c|bjvogbmeovy gc vhl NpofSol~

jgbvpge `y hmbfeobn lslbvz"

Fmvm @obfobn ~ovh vhl NpofSol~ Jgbvpge

Vhl NpofSol~ jgbvpge {pgsoflz yg| ~ovh v~g g{vogbz cgp òbfobn vgfmvm1

y Fmvm òbfobn |zobn vhl FmvmZg|pjlOF {pg{lpvy% ~hojh meeg~zyg| vg òbf vhl NpofSol~ jgbvpge vg m fmvm zg|pjl jgbvpge" Vhoz ozvhl pljgddlbflf m{{pgmjh `ljm|zl ov meeg~z vhl NpofSol~jgbvpge vg vmil mfsmbvmnl gc vhl jm{mòeovolz gc vhl fmvm zg|pjl

jgbvpge mbf {pgsofl `|oev$ob c|bjvogbmeovy cgp zgpvobn% {mnobn%mbf |{fmvobn"

y Fmvm òbfobn |zobn vhl FmvmZg|pjl {pg{lpvy% ~hojh meeg~z yg|vg òbf vg smpog|z gàljvz% obje|fobn MFG"BLV fmvmzlvz mbffmvm plmflpz" Vhoz m{{pgmjh pl}|oplz yg| vg ~povl jgfl cgp mbymffovogbme c|bjvogbmeovy z|jh mz zgpvobn% {mnobn% mbf |{fmvobn"


16/27

^hlb yg| òbf vg m fmvm zg|pjl |zobn vhl FmvmZg|pjlOF {pg{lpvy% vhlNpofSol~ jgbvpge z|{{gpvz v~g$~my fmvm òbfobn" Ob mffovogb vg vhljgbvpge foz{emyobn plv|pblf fmvm% yg| jmb lbmèl vhl jgbvpge vgm|vgdmvojmeey z|{{gpv |{fmvl mbf flelvl g{lpmvogbz gb vhl `g|bffmvm"

Cgpdmvvobn Fmvm Foz{emy ob vhl NpofSol~ Jgbvpge

_g| jmb z{ljocy vhl emyg|v% jgegp% cgbv% mbf meonbdlbv gc vhl NpofSol~jgbvpge.z pg~z" _g| jmb z{ljocy vhl foz{emy gc vlxv mbf fmvm jgbvmoblfob vhl pg~z" Mffovogbmeey% yg| jmb z{ljocy ~hlvhlp vhl fmvm pg~z mplfoz{emylf mz ovldz% mevlpbmvobn ovldz% zleljvlf ovldz% gp lfov$dgflovldz" Vhl NpofSol~ jgbvpge mezg meeg~z yg| vg z{ljocy vhl cgpdmv gcvhl jge|dbz"

0"EozvSol~ JgbvpgeVhl MZ["BLV EozvSol~ jgbvpge lbmèlz yg| vg òbf vg fmvm ovldz vhmvmpl plv|pblf cpgd m fmvm zg|pjl mbf foz{emy vhld" _g| jmb foz{emyfmvm ob {mnlz" _g| jmb foz{emy ovldz obfosof|meey% gp yg| jmb npg|{vhld"

Vhl EozvSol~ jgbvpge foz{emyz fmvm ob m cgpdmv vhmv yg| flcobl `y|zobn vld{emvlz mbf zvyelz" Ov oz |zlc|e cgp fmvm ob mby pl{lmvobn

zvp|jv|pl% zodoemp vg vhl FmvmEozv mbf Pl{lmvlp jgbvpgez" Hg~lslp%|beoil vhgzl jgbvpgez% ~ovh vhl EozvSol~ jgbvpge yg| jmb lbmèl |zlpzvg lfov% obzlpv% mbf flelvl fmvm% mbf vg zgpv mbf {mnl fmvm% mee ~ovhg|vjgfl"

Vhl cgeeg~obn vmèl eozvz vhl ily jemzzlz vhmv mpl plemvlf vg vhlEozvSol~ jgbvpge"

Jemzz Flzjpo{vogb

EozvSol~

M zlpslp jgbvpge vhmv foz{emyz vhl sme|lz gc m

fmvm zg|pjl `y |zobn |zlp$flcoblf vld{emvlz"_g| jmb jgbcon|pl vhl jgbvpge vg lbmèl |zlpzvg zleljv% zgpv% flelvl% lfov% mbf obzlpv pljgpfz"

EozvSol~OvldMb gàljv vhmv pl{plzlbvz mb ovld ob vhlEozvSol~ jgbvpge"

EozvSol~FmvmOvldMb gàljv vhmv pl{plzlbvz m fmvm ovld ob vhlEozvSol~ jgbvpge"


17/27

EozvSol~OvldVy{lMb lb|dlpmvogb vhmv oflbvocolz vhl c|bjvogbgc ovldz ob m EozvSol~T jgbvpge"

Fmvm[mnlp

M zlpslp jgbvpge vhmv {pgsoflz {mnobn|bjvogbmeovy cgp jgbvpgez vhmv od{eldlbv vhl

O[mnlmèlOvldJgbvmoblp obvlpcmjl% z|jh mzvhl EozvSol~

B|dlpoj[mnlpColefM Fmvm[mnlp colef vhmv lbmèlz |zlpz vgzleljv m {mnl gc fmvm `y {mnl b|d`lp"

Blxv[plsog|z[mnlpCole

M Fmvm[mnlp colef vhmv lbmèlz |zlpz vgdgsl vhpg|nh {mnlz gc fmvm gbl {mnl mv mvodl% gp vg a|d{ vg vhl copzv gp emzv {mnl gfmvm"

Vld{emvl[mnlpColefM Fmvm[mnlp colef vhmv lbmèlz |zlpz vgjplmvl m j|zvgd {mnobn \O"

:"CgpdSol~ JgbvpgeVhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge oz |zlf vg foz{emy m zobnel pljgpf mv m vodl cpgd m fmvm zg|pjl" ^hlb yg| |zl vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge% yg| jplmvlvld{emvlz vg foz{emy mbf lfov fmvm$`g|bf sme|lz" Vhl vld{emvlzjgbvmob jgbvpgez% òbfobn lx{plzzogbz% mbf cgpdmvvobn vhmv flcobl vhleggi mbf c|bjvogbmeovy gc vhl cgpd" Vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge oz gcvlb|zlf ob jgdòbmvogb ~ovh m NpofSol~ jgbvpge cgp dmzvlp'flvmoezjlbmpogz"

Vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge elvz yg| ~gpi ~ovh m zobnel pljgpf cpgd m fmvmzg|pjl% zodoemp vg vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge" Vhl focclplbjl `lv~llb vhlCgpdSol~ mbf vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpgez oz vhmv vhl FlvmoezSol~jgbvpge |zlz m vm`|emp emyg|v ~hlpl lmjh colef gc vhl pljgpf ozfoz{emylf mz m pg~ gc ovz g~b" Ob jgbvpmzv% vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge fglzbgv z{ljocy m {pl$flcoblf emyg|v cgp foz{emyobn vhl pljgpf" Obzvlmf% yg|jplmvl m vld{emvl vhmv jgbvmobz jgbvpgez vg foz{emy obfosof|me colefz cpgd vhl pljgpf" Vhl vld{emvl jgbvmobz vhl cgpdmvvobn% jgbvpgez% mbfòbfobn lx{plzzogbz |zlf vg jplmvl vhl cgpd"

Vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge oz vy{ojmeey |zlf cgp |{fmvobn mbf obzlpvobnbl~ pljgpfz" Ov oz gcvlb |zlf ob dmzvlp'flvmoe zjlbmpogz ~hlpl vhlzleljvlf pljgpf gc vhl dmzvlp jgbvpge flvlpdoblz vhl pljgpf vg foz{emyob vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge" Cgp dgpl obcgpdmvogb mbf mb lxmd{el% zllDgfocyobn Fmvm \zobn m CgpdSol~ ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpge"


18/27

Vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge pleolz gb vhl jm{mòeovolz gc vhl fmvm zg|pjljgbvpge vg {lpcgpd vmziz z|jh mz |{fmvobn% obzlpvobn% mbf flelvobnpljgpfz" Vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge foz{emyz gbey m zobnel fmvm pljgpf mv mvodl% lslb oc ovz fmvm zg|pjl lx{gzlz d|evo{el pljgpfz"

Vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge jmb m|vgdmvojmeey {mnl gslp vhl fmvm ob ovzmzzgjomvlf fmvm zg|pjl gbl pljgpf mv m vodl" Vhoz pl}|oplz vhmv vhlfmvm oz pl{plzlbvlf `y mb gàljv vhmv od{eldlbvz vhl OJgeeljvogbobvlpcmjl% gp vhmv vhl |bflpeyobn fmvm zg|pjl z|{{gpvz {mnobn" VhlCgpdSol~ jgbvpge {pgsoflz vhl |zlp obvlpcmjl (\O/ cgp bmsonmvobn`lv~llb pljgpfz" Vg lbmèl {mnobn `lhmsogp% zlv vhl Meeg~[mnobn{pg{lpvy vg vp|l mbf z{ljocy m [mnlpVld{emvl sme|l"

Vhl CgpdSol~ jgbvpge lx{gzlz zlslpme lslbvz vhmv yg| jmb hmbfel vglxlj|vl yg|p g~b jgfl" Vhl lslbvz mpl pmozlf `lcgpl mbf mcvlp obzlpv%

|{fmvl% mbf flelvl g{lpmvogbz gc vhl mzzgjomvlf fmvm zg|pjl jgbvpge"_g| jmb mezg ~povl hmbfelpz cgp vhl OvldJplmvlf mbf OvldJgddmbflslbvz"

6"FlvmoezSol~ JgbvpgeVhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge foz{emyz m zobnel pljgpf cpgd m fmvm zg|pjl%~hlpl lmjh fmvm pg~ pl{plzlbvz m colef ob vhl pljgpf" Ov oz gcvlb |zlf

ob jgdòbmvogb ~ovh m NpofSol~ jgbvpge cgp dmzvlp'flvmoe zjlbmpogz"

Vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge noslz yg| vhl mòeovy vg foz{emy% lfov% obzlpv%gp flelvl m zobnel pljgpf mv m vodl cpgd ovz mzzgjomvlf fmvm zg|pjl" @yflcm|ev% vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge foz{emyz lmjh colef gc m pljgpf gb ovzg~b eobl" Vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge oz vy{ojmeey |zlf cgp |{fmvobn mbfobzlpvobn bl~ pljgpfz% gcvlb ob m dmzvlp'flvmoe zjlbmpog ~hlpl vhlzleljvlf pljgpf gc vhl dmzvlp jgbvpge flvlpdoblz vhl pljgpf vg foz{emyob vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge" Vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge foz{emyz gbey mzobnel fmvm pljgpf mv m vodl% lslb oc ovz fmvm zg|pjl lx{gzlz d|evo{el

pljgpfz"

Vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge pleolz gb vhl jm{mòeovolz gc vhl fmvm zg|pjljgbvpge vg {lpcgpd vmziz z|jh mz |{fmvobn% obzlpvobn% mbf flelvobnpljgpfz" Vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge fglz bgv z|{{gpv zgpvobn"

Vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge jmb m|vgdmvojmeey {mnl gslp vhl fmvm ob ovzmzzgjomvlf fmvm zg|pjl% {pgsoflf vhmv vhl fmvm oz pl{plzlbvlf `y mb


19/27

g`aljv z|{{gpvobn vhl OJgeeljvogb obvlpcmjl gp vhmv vhl |bflpeyobnfmvm zg|pjl z|{{gpvz {mnobn" Vhl FlvmoezSol~ jgbvpge {pgsoflz vhl|zlp obvlpcmjl (\O/ cgp bmsonmvobn `lv~llb fmvm pljgpfz" Vg lbm`el{mnobn `lhmsogp% zlv vhl Meeg~[mnobn {pg{lpvy vg vp|l"

_g| zleljv m {mpvoj|emp pljgpf cpgd vhl mzzgjomvlf fmvm zg|pjl `y {mnobn vg vhmv pljgpf" Vhl pljgpf foz{emylf `y vhl FlvmoezSol~jgbvpge oz vhl j|pplbv zleljvlf pljgpf"


20/27

MZ["BLV ^l` [mpvz Jgbvpge

Vhl MZ["BLV ^l` [mpvz jgbvpge zlv oz m npg|{ gc jgd{gblbvz vhmv~gpi vgnlvhlp vg lbmèl yg| vg jplmvl ^l` {mnlz gb ~hojh lbf |zlpz

jmb dgfocy vhl m{{lmpmbjl mbf `lhmsogp gc vhl |zlp obvlpcmjl (\O/fopljvey cpgd m `pg~zlp" Vhoz gslpsol~ jgslpz vhl c|bfmdlbvmemz{ljvz gc vhl ^l` [mpvz jgbvpge zlv% obje|fobn m flzjpo{vogb gc vhldgzv cpl}|lbvey |zlf mbf lzzlbvome ^l` [mpvz jgd{gblbvz bllflf vgjplmvl m ^l` [mpvz {mnl"

Jmvlngpolz gc ^l` [mpvz Jgd{gblbvz

Vhl ^l` [mpvz jgbvpge zlv jgbzozvz gc vhpll c|bfmdlbvme `|oefobnègjiz1 {lpzgbmeoqmvogb jm{mòeovolz% \O zvp|jv|pme jgd{gblbvzpl}|oplf cgp |zobn ^l` [mpvz \O jgbvpgez gb m {mnl% mbf vhl ^l`[mpvz \O jgbvpgez vhldzleslz" Vhl cgeeg~obn fomnpmd oee|zvpmvlz vhlplemvogbzho{z mdgbn vhlzl `|oefobn ègjiz ob vhl ^l` [mpvz jgbvpge zlv"

^l` [mpvz Lzzlbvome Jgbvpgez

Vhl ^l` [mpvz jgbvpge zlv oz lxvlbzosl% `|v zgdl jgbvpgez mpl lzzlbvomelovhlp `ljm|zl vhly mpl pl}|oplf cgp ^l` [mpvz vg ~gpi% gp `ljm|zlvhly mpl vhl jgbvpgez dgzv cpl}|lbvey |zlf gb ^l` [mpvz {mnlz" Mz yg|`lnob |zobn ^l` [mpvz mbf jplmvobn `mzoj ^l` [mpvz {mnlz% ov ozhle{c|e vg `l cmdoeomp ~ovh vhl lzzlbvome ^l` [mpvz jgbvpgez flzjpo`lf

ob vhl cgeeg~obn vmèl"

^l` [mpvz jgbvpge Flzjpo{vogb

^l`[mpvDmbmnlp

Dmbmnlz mee ^l` [mpvz jgbvpgez gb mmnl" Gbl (mbf gbey gbl/

^l`[mpvDmbmnlp jgbvpge oz pl}|oplgp lslpy ^l` [mpvz {mnl"

JmvmegnQgbl

Jgbvmobz Jmvmegn[mpv jgbvpgez" \zlvhoz qgbl vg jplmvl m jmvmegn gc ^l`[mpvz jgbvpgez cpgd ~hojh |zlpz jmbzleljv jgbvpgez vg mff vg m {mnl"

LfovgpQgbl

Jgbvmobz Lfovgp[mpv jgbvpgez" \zl vhozqgbl vg lbmèl |zlpz vg lfov mb

lpzgbmeoql ^l` [mpvz jgbvpgez gb mmnl"


21/27

^l`[mpvQgbl

Jgbvmobz mbf {pgsoflz gslpmee emyg|vgp vhl ^l`[mpv jgbvpgez vhmv jgd{gzl

vhl dmob \O gc m {mnl" \zl vhoz qgbl~hlblslp yg| jplmvl {mnlz ~ovh ^l`[mpvz jgbvpgez" [mnlz jmb jgbvmob gbl

gp dgpl qgblz"

JgbbljvogbzQgblJgbvmobz ^l`[mpvJgbbljvogb jgbvpgez%mbf {pgsoflz m \O cgp dmbmnobnjgbbljvogbz""

^l`[mpv

(Nlblpoj^l`[mpv /

Plbflpz vhl {podmpy \O9 dgzv ^l`[mpvz \O jgbvpgez cmee obvg vhozjmvlngpy"

Cgp dmxod|d {pgnpmddmvoj jgbvpge%yg| jmb jplmvl j|zvgd ^l` [mpvzjgbvpgez vhmv flposl cpgd vhl `mzl^l`[mpv jgbvpge"

_g| jmb mezg |zl lxozvobn zlpslpjgbvpgez% |zlp jgbvpgez% gp j|zvgdjgbvpgez mz ^l` [mpvz jgbvpgez"^hlblslp mby gc vhlzl jgbvpgez mpl

emjlf ob m qgbl% vhl^l`[mpvDmbmnlp jgbvpgm|vgdmvojmeey ~pm{z vhld ~ovhNlblpoj^l`[mpv jgbvpgez mv p|b vodlzg vhmv yg| jmb |zl vhld ~ovh ^l`[mpvz c|bjvogbmeovy"

Jmvmegn[mpvJgbvmobz m eozv gc msmoem`el ^l` [mpvzjgbvpgez vhmv |zlpz jmb mff vg vhl

mnl"

^l`[mpvJgbbljvogb

Jplmvlz m jgbbljvogb `lv~llb v~g ^l`[mpvz jgbvpgez gb m {mnl" Vhljgbbljvogb flcoblz gbl gc vhl ^l`

[mpvz jgbvpgez mz m {pgsoflp (gc fmvm/%mbf vhl gvhlp mz m jgbz|dlp"

Lfovgp[mpvZlpslz mz vhl `mzl jemzz cgp vhlz{ljomeoqlf lfovgp jgbvpgez"


22/27

Lfovgp[mpv jgbvpgez

(M{{lmpmbjlLfovgp[mpv%Emyg|vLfovgp[mpv%@lhmsogpLfovgp[mpv% mbf[pg{lpvyNpofLfovgp[mpv/

Meeg~ |zlpz vg {lpzgbmeoql smpog|zmz{ljvz gc ^l` [mpvz \O jgbvpgez gb m

mnl"

M{{lmpmbjl Lfovgp [mpv ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpge

Vhl M{{lmpmbjlLfovgp[mpv ^l` zlpslp jgbvpge {pgsoflz mb lfovgpjgbvpge vhmv lbmèlz lbf |zlpz vg lfov zlslpme |zlp obvlpcmjl (\O/{pg{lpvolz gb mb mzzgjomvlf ^l`[mpv jgbvpge"

Vhl M{{lmpmbjlLfovgp[mpv jgbvpge lbmèlz lbf |zlpz vg lfov zlslpme\O {pg{lpvolz gc m ^l`[mpv jgbvpge" Vhl cgeeg~obn vmèl eozvz |zlpj|zvgdoqmèl clmv|plz mbf jgpplz{gbfobn ^l`[mpv jgbvpge {pg{lpvysme|lz vhmv mpl lfovmèl `y |zobn vhl M{{lmpmbjlLfovgp[mpv jgbvpge"

\zlp J|zvgdoqmèl Clmv|pl^l`[mpv Jgbvpge[pg{lpvy

Zlv vhl vlxv cgp vhl vovel" Vovel

Zleljv vhl vovel mbf `gpflp g{vogb vy{l" JhpgdlVy{lZleljv vhl fopljvogb vhmv jgbvlbv ceg~z gb vhl

mnl"Fopljvogb

Zlv vhl hlonhv mbf |bovz" Hlonhv

Zlv vhl ~ofvh mbf |bovz" ôfvh

Hofl gp zhg~ vhl jgbvpge" Hofflb

Vg lbmèl lfovobn gc gvhlp {pg{lpvolz mbf gc vhl `lhmsogp gc ^l`[mpvjgbvpgez% yg| jmb |zl vhl gvhlp Lfovgp[mpv jgbvpgez z|{{eolf ~ovh vhl^l` [mpvz jgbvpge zlv" Vhlzl jgbvpgez obje|fl vhl @lhmsogpLfovgp[mpv%vhl Emyg|vLfovgp[mpv% mbf vhl [pg{lpvyNpofLfovgp[mpv jgbvpgez" Vhl`|oev$ob Lfovgp[mpv jgbvpgez {pgsofl jgddgbey |zlf lfovobn clmv|plzcgp ^l`[mpv jgbvpgez" _g| jmb mezg jplmvl m j|zvgd lfovgp jgbvpge `yobhlpovobn cpgd vhl Lfovgp[mpv jemzz" Cgp m jgfl lxmd{el% zllZyzvld"^l`"\O"^l`Jgbvpgez"^l`[mpvz""11"Lfovgp[mpv


23/27

@lhmsogpLfovgp[mpv ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpge

Vhl @lhmsogpLfovgp[mpv jgbvpge {pgsoflz mb lfovgp jgbvpge vhmvlbmèlz lbf |zlpz vg jhmbnl {pg{lpvolz vhmv mccljv vhl `lhmsogp gc mbmzzgjomvlf ^l`[mpv gp Nlblpoj^l`[mpv jgbvpge"

Vhl @lhmsogpLfovgp[mpv ^l` zlpslp jgbvpge oz mb lfovgp {mpv jgbvpgevhmv lbmèlz lbf |zlpz vg jhmbnl zlslpme |zlp obvlpcmjl (\O/ {pg{lpvolzgb mb mzzgjomvlf ^l`[mpv jgbvpge mv p|b vodl" Vhl cgeeg~obn vmèl eozvz|zlp j|zvgdoqmèl clmv|plz mbf vhl jgpplz{gbfobn ^l`[mpv jgbvpge{pg{lpvy sme|lz vhmv |zlpz jmb lfov `y |zobn vhl @lhmsogpLfovgp[mpvjgbvpge"

\zlp J|zvgdoqmèl Clmv|pl ^l`[mpv Jgbvpge [pg{lpvy

Zlv vhl flzjpo{vogb vlxv gc vhl ^l` [mpv"y Flzjpo{vogb

Zlv vhl Vovel eobi" y Vovel\pe

Zlv vhl Vovel ojgb odmnl eobi" y VovelOjgbOdmnl\pe

Zlv vhl Jmvmegn ojgb odmnl eobi"y JmvmegnOjgbOdmnl\pe

Zlv vhl Hle{ eobi" y Hle{\pe

Hofl gp zhg~ vhl jgbvpge"y

Hofflb

Z{ljocy vhl Hle{ dgfl"y Hle{Dgfl

Zleljv vhl lx{gpv dgfl" y Lx{gpvDgfl

Zlv vhl m|vhgpoqmvogb coevlp"y M|vhgpoqmvogbCoevlp

Z{ljocy ~hlvhlp m ^l` {mpv jmb `lpldgslf cpgd vhl {mnl"

y Meeg~Jegzl

Z{ljocy ~hlvhlp m ^l` {mpv.z {pg{lpvolzjmb `l lfovlf"

y Meeg~LfovZ{ljocy ~hlvhlp m ^l` {mpv jmb `lhofflb"

y Meeg~Hofl

Z{ljocy ~hlvhlp m ^l` {mpv jmb `ldobodoqlf"

y Meeg~Dobodoql


24/27

Z{ljocy ~hlvhlp m ^l` {mpv jmb `ldgslf `lv~llb qgblz% gp gbey ~ovhob ovzg~b qgbl"

y Meeg~QgblJhmbnl

JmvmegnQgbl ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpge

Vhl JmvmegnQgbl jgbvpge zlpslz mz vhl {podmpy jgbvpge ob vhl ^l`[mpvz jgbvpge zlv cgp hgzvobn Jmvmegn[mpv jgbvpgez gb m ^l` {mnl"

M ily clmv|pl gc ^l` [mpvz jgbvpgez z|jh mz vhl JmvmegnQgbl jgbvpge ozvhmv vhly lbmèl lbf |zlpz vg {lpzgbmeoql ^l` {mnlz mbf zmsl vhlop {lpzgbmeoqlf zlvvobnz" Vhl jgbvpge lbmèlz lbf |zlpz vg mff ^l`[mpvjgbvpgez gp gvhlp zlpslp jgbvpgez vg m ^l` [mpvz {mnl mv p|b vodl" Vhl

JmvmegnQgbl jgbvpge zlpslz mz vhl {podmpy jgbvpge ob vhl ^l` [mpvzjgbvpge zlv cgp hgzvobn Jmvmegn[mpv jgbvpgez gb m ^l` {mnl"

JgbbljvogbzQgbl ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpge

Vhl JgbbljvogbzQgbl ^l` zlpslp jgbvpge {pgsoflz m |zlp obvlpcmjl

(\O/ vhmv lbmèlz |zlpz vg cgpd jgbbljvogbz `lv~llb ^l`[mpv mbfgvhlp zlpslp jgbvpgez vhmv plzofl ob ^l`[mpvQgbl@mzl qgblz"

\zobn ^l` [mpvz jgbvpgez% yg| jmb lbmèl |zlpz vg jplmvl jgbbljvogbzmv p|b vodl `lv~llb v~g zlpslp jgbvpgez vg cgpd m jgbbljvogb mbfzhmpl fmvm" Gbl jgbvpge mjvz mz vhl {pgsoflp gc fmvm% mbf vhl gvhlpjgbvpge mjvz mz vhl jgbz|dlp" Vhl v~g jgbvpgez jmb `l ^l`[mpvjgbvpgez gp mby gvhlp vy{l gc zlpslp jgbvpge" Vhly d|zv `l flzonblf vghmbfel jgbbljvogbz mbf vhly d|zv `l ob m ^l`[mpvQgbl@mzl qgbl" Vgelmpb dgpl m`g|v ^l` [mpvz jgbbljvogbz% zll ^l` [mpvz Jgbbljvogbz

Gslpsol~ mbf vhl ^l`[mpvJgbbljvogb mbf Jgbbljvogb[gobv jemzzgslpsol~z"

Mcvlp yg| hmsl jgbcon|plf vhl jgbvpgez vg cgpd m ^l` [mpvzjgbbljvogb% yg| d|zv zvoee jgbbljv vhl jgbvpgez" _g| jmb jgbbljvjgbvpgez ob vhlzl ~myz1

y Fljempl m jgbbljvogb ob m ^l` {mnl"


25/27

y Jplmvl m jgbbljvogb ob jgfl"y Mff m JgbbljvogbzQgbl jgbvpge vg vhl {mnl zg vhmv |zlpz jmb

jgbbljv vhl jgbvpgez gb fldmbf"

Vhl JgbbljvogbzQgbl jgbvpge nlblpmvlz m \O vhmv lbmèlz |zlpz vg

jgbbljv gp fozjgbbljv mby leonoèl jgbvpgez" Ov oz mb g{vogbme jgbvpgevhmv oz bgv bljlzzmpy vg cgpd jgbbljvogbz" Hg~lslp% ov oz |zlc|e ~hlbyg| ~mbv vg nosl |zlpz jgbvpge gslp ~hojh zlpslp jgbvpgez mpljgbbljvlf gp fozjgbbljvlf"

LfovgpQgbl ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpge

Vhl LfovgpQgbl ^l` Zlpslp jgbvpge zlpslz mz vhl {podmpy jgbvpge obvhl ^l` [mpvz jgbvpge zlv cgp hgzvobn Lfovgp[mpv jgbvpgez gb m ^l`{mnl"

M ily clmv|pl gc ^l` [mpvz oz vhl mòeovy gc lbf |zlpz vg {lpzgbmeoql^l` {mnlz mbf zmsl vhlop {lpzgbmeoqlf zlvvobnz" Gbl mz{ljv gcdgfocyobn ^l` [mpvz {mnlz obje|flz lfovobn vhl m{{lmpmbjl% emyg|v%`lhmsogp% mbf gvhlp {pg{lpvolz gc vhl sozoèl ^l`[mpv jgbvpgez"

Zlslpme jgbvpgez ob vhl ^l` [mpvz jgbvpge zlv {pgsofl vhl lfovobn clmv|plz" Vhoz obje|flz vhl LfovgpQgbl jgbvpge% ~hojh oz vhl {podmpyjgbvpge ob vhl ^l` [mpvz jgbvpge zlv cgp hgzvobn Lfovgp[mpv jgbvpgez gbm ^l` {mnl"

Vhl cgeeg~obn vmèl {pgsoflz m eozv gc Lfovgp[mpv jgbvpgez vhmv vhlLfovgpQgbl jmb hgzv mbf m flzjpo{vogb gc lmjh"

Lfovgp[mpv Jgbvpge Flzjpo{vogb

M{{lmpmbjlLfovgp[mpv

Elvz |zlpz j|zvgdoql vhl soz|me {pg{lpvolz gc m^l`[mpv jgbvpge mv p|b vodl% z|jh mz vhl~ofvh% hlonhv% mbf vovel"

@lhmsogpLfovgp[mpv

Elvz |zlpz j|zvgdoql `lhmsogp {pg{lpvolz gc m^l`[mpv jgbvpge mv p|b vodl% z|jh mzfoz{emyobn dobodoql% jegzl% mbf lfov `|vvgbz"


26/27

Emyg|vLfovgp[mpv

Elvz |zlpz j|zvgdoql emyg|v {pg{lpvolz gc m^l`[mpv jgbvpge mv p|b vodl% z|jh mz zleljvobnm dobodoqlf gp bgpdme zvmvl% gp zlvvobn vhlobflx mv ~hojh vhl jgbvpge ~oee m{{lmp ~ovhobvhl vmpnlv qgbl"

[pg{lpvyNpofLfovgp[mpv

Elvz |zlpz lfov j|zvgd {pg{lpvolz mv p|b vodlvhmv mpl fljemplf mz {mpv gc m ^l`[mpvjgbvpge"

^l`[mpvDmbmnlp ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpge

Vhl ^l`[mpvDmbmnlp jgbvpge oz vhl jlbvpme jgbvpge gc vhl ^l` [mpvzjgbvpge zlv" Ov dmbmnlz mee vhl ^l` [mpvz jgbvpgez% ^l` [mpvzc|bjvogbmeovy% mbf ^l` [mpvz lslbvz"

_g| d|zv mff gbl (`|v gbey gbl/ ^l`[mpvDmbmnlp jgbvpge vg lslpy {mnl vhmv |zlz ^l` [mpvz jgbvpgez" Vhl ^l`[mpvDmbmnlp jgbvpge~gpiz gbey ~ovh m|vhlbvojmvlf |zlpz"

Vhl cgeeg~obn vmèl eozvz vmziz vhmv mpl {lpcgpdlf `y vhl^l`[mpvDmbmnlp jgbvpge"

Vmzi Jgbvpge C|bjvogbmeovy

Dmbmnobn ^l`[mpvz jgbvpgez

Dmbmnlz vhl jgbvpgez gb m {mnl vhmv {pgsofl ^l`[mpvz clmv|plz" Vhoz obje|flz ^l`[mpv jgbvpgez%jgbbljvogbz% mbf qgblz"

Mffobn mbfpldgsobn ^l`[mpvz jgbvpgez

[pgsoflz vhl dlvhgfz cgp mffobn% flelvobn% mbjegzobn ^l`[mpv jgbvpgez gb m {mnl"

Mfdobozvlpobnjgbbljvogbz

Mffz mbf pldgslz jgbbljvogbz `lv~llb jgbvpgez"Dgbovgpz vhl jgbbljvogbz cgp {pgèldz"

[lpzgbmeoqobnjgbvpgez mbf {mnlz

Lbmèlz |zlpz vg dgsl jgbvpgez gb m {mnl% mbfoz{emyz vhl dgflz ob ~hojh |zlpz jmb lfov vhlm{{lmpmbjl% {pg{lpvolz% mbf `lhmsogp gc jgbvpgez"Dmobvmobz |zlp$z{ljocoj {lpzgbmeoqmvogb zlvvobnzgb lmjh {mnl"

Vgnneobn lv~llbmnl sol~z

Z~ovjhlz `lv~llb {mnl sol~z% mbf lbmèlz |zlpz vgjmppy g|v vmziz z|jh mz jhmbnobn {mnl emyg|v gp


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lfovobn jgbvpgez"

Pmozobn ^l` [mpvzeocl$jyjel lslbvz

Flcoblz mbf pmozlz eocl$jyjel lslbvz cgp ^l` [mpvzjgbvpgez% obje|flz lslbvz cgp ~hlb jgbvpgez mplmfflf% dgslf% jgbbljvlf% gp flelvlf"

Lbm`eobn od{gpvmbf lx{gpv gcjgbvpgez

Lx{gpvz XDE zvplmdz vhmv jgbvmob vhl zvmvl gc vhlpg{lpvolz gc ^l`[mpv jgbvpgez% mbf elvz |zlpz

od{gpv vhl coelz vg {lpzgbmeoql jgbvpgez ob gvhlpmnlz gp zovlz"

^l`[mpvQgbl ^l` Zlpslp Jgbvpge

Vhl ^l`[mpvQgbl jgbvpge zlpslz mz vhl {podmpy jgbvpge ob vhl ^l`

[mpvz jgbvpge zlv cgp hgzvobn ^l`[mpv jgbvpgez gb m ^l` {mnl% mbf{pgsoflz m jgddgb \O cgp vhl jgbvpgez ov jgbvmobz"

Vhl ^l`[mpvQgbl jgbvpge obhlpovz |zlp obvlpcmjl leldlbvz cpgd vhl^l`Qgbl `mzl jemzz mbf {pgsoflz m jgddgb \O cgp vhl jgbvpgez vhmv ovjgbvmobz" Vhlzl jgddgb \O leldlbvz mpl ibg~b jgeeljvosley mzjhpgdl" Vhly jgbzozv gc vhl {lpo{hlpme \O leldlbvz gb mee vhl jgbvpgez%z|jh mz vhl `gpflp% vovel% hlmflp mbf cggvlp% zvyel jhmpmjvlpozvojz% mbfslp`z (\O mjvogbz vhmv m |zlp jmb jmppy g|v gb m jgbvpge% z|jh mz jegzlgp dobodoql/" Cgp dgpl obcgpdmvogb m`g|v vhl \O leldlbvz vhmv vhl^l`[mpvQgbl jgbvpge obhlpovz cpgd vhl ^l`Qgbl `mzl jemzz% zll vhl^l`Qgbl jemzz fgj|dlbvmvogb"

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