Nondestructive Testing Standards

ASTM's nondestructive testing standards provide guides for the appropriate methods and techniques

used to detect and evaluate flaws in materials and objects without destroying the specimen at hand.

Such tests include radiographic, ultrasonic, electromagnetic (eddy-current), X-ray, acoustic, and

tomographic techniques. Detected flaws are evaluated for possible rejection due to nonconformance to

set acceptance criteria. These nondestructive testing standards are instrumental to laboratories and a

wide variety of industrial plants for examining a material's quality and, consequently, suitability for

intended use.

List of nondestructive testing standards developed by ASTM:

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Acoustic Emission Method

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Acoustic Emission Method Go

Designation Title

E569 - 07Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Structures During Controlled Stimulation

E650 - 97

(2007)Standard Guide for Mounting Piezoelectric Acoustic Emission Sensors

E749 - 07Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Monitoring During Continuous Welding

E750 - 04Standard Practice for Characterizing Acoustic Emission Instrumentation

E751 - 07Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Monitoring During Resistance Spot-Welding

E976 - 05Standard Guide for Determining the Reproducibility of Acoustic Emission Sensor Response

E1067 - 07Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Resin (FRP) Tanks/Vessels

E1106 - 07Standard Test Method for Primary Calibration of Acoustic Emission Sensors

E1118 - 05Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe (RTRP)

E1139 - 07Standard Practice for Continuous Monitoring of Acoustic Emission from Metal Pressure Boundaries

E1211 - 07Standard Practice for Leak Detection and Location Using Surface-Mounted Acoustic Emission Sensors

E1419 - 09Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Pressure Vessels Using Acoustic Emission

E1495 - 02

(2007)

Standard Guide for Acousto-Ultrasonic Assessment of Composites, Laminates, and Bonded Joints

E1736 - 05Standard Practice for Acousto-Ultrasonic Assessment of Filament-Wound Pressure Vessels

E1781 - 08Standard Practice for Secondary Calibration of Acoustic Emission Sensors

E1888 /

E1888M - 07

Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Pressurized Containers Made of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic with Balsa Wood Cores

E1930 - 07Standard Practice for Examination of Liquid-Filled Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Metal Storage Tanks Using Acoustic Emission

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Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE)

Editorial Review

Electromagnetic Method

E1932 - 07 Standard Guide for Acoustic Emission Examination of Small Parts

E2075 - 05Standard Practice for Verifying the Consistency of AE-Sensor Response Using an Acrylic Rod

E2076 - 05Standard Test Method for Examination of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Fan Blades Using Acoustic Emission

E2191 - 08Standard Practice for Examination of Gas-Filled Filament-Wound Composite Pressure Vessels Using Acoustic Emission

E2374 - 04Standard Guide for Acoustic Emission System Performance Verification

E2478 - 06a

Standard Practice for Determining Damage-Based Design Stress for Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Materials Using Acoustic Emission

E2598 - 07Standard Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Cast Iron Yankee and Steam Heated Paper Dryers

Designation Title

E1454 - 02

(2008)

Standard Guide for Data Fields for Computerized Transfer of Digital Ultrasonic Testing Data

E1475 - 02

(2008)

Standard Guide for Data Fields for Computerized Transfer of Digital Radiological Examination Data

E2339 - 08Standard Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE)

E2663 - 08Standard Practice for Digital Imaging and Communication in Nondestructive Evaluation (DICONDE) for Ultrasonic Test Methods

Designation Title

E1316 - 08a Standard Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations

Designation Title

E215 - 98

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for Standardizing Equipment for Electromagnetic Examination of Seamless Aluminum-Alloy Tube

E243 - 97

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes

E309 - 95

(2006)

Standard Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of Steel Tubular Products Using Magnetic Saturation

E376 - 06Standard Practice for Measuring Coating Thickness by Magnetic-Field or Eddy-Current (Electromagnetic) Examination Methods

E426 - 98

(2007)

Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys

E566 - 99

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting of Ferrous Metals

E570 - 97

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromagnetic Steel Tubular Products

E571 - 98 Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of

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Emerging NDT Methods

(2007)e1 Nickel and Nickel Alloy Tubular Products

E690 - 98

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for In Situ Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Nonmagnetic Heat Exchanger Tubes

E703 - 98

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting of Nonferrous Metals

E1004 - 02Standard Practice for Determining Electrical Conductivity Using the Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Method

E1033 - 98

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Type F-Continuously Welded (CW) Ferromagnetic Pipe and Tubing Above the Curie Temperature

E1312 - 99

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Ferromagnetic Cylindrical Bar Product Above the Curie Temperature

E1571 - 06Standard Practice for Electromagnetic Examination of Ferromagnetic Steel Wire Rope

E1606 - 99

(2004)e1

Standard Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Copper Redraw Rod for Electrical Purposes

E1629 - 07Standard Practice for Determining the Impedance of Absolute Eddy-Current Probes

E2096 - 05Standard Practice for In Situ Examination of Ferromagnetic Heat-Exchanger Tubes Using Remote Field Testing

E2261 - 07Standard Practice for Examination of Welds Using the Alternating Current Field Measurement Technique

E2337 - 04Standard Guide for Mutual Inductance Bridge Applications for Wall Thickness Determinations in Boiler Tubing

E2338 - 06Standard Practice for Characterization of Coatings Using Conformable Eddy-Current Sensors without Coating Reference Standards

Designation Title

E977 - 05Standard Practice for Thermoelectric Sorting of Electrically Conductive Materials

E1213 - 97

(2002)

Standard Test Method for Minimum Resolvable Temperature Difference for Thermal Imaging Systems

E1311 - 89

(2004)

Standard Test Method for Minimum Detectable Temperature Difference for Thermal Imaging Systems

E1476 - 04Standard Guide for Metals Identification, Grade Verification, and Sorting

E1543 - 00

(2006)

Standard Test Method for Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference of Thermal Imaging Systems

E1862 - 97

(2002)e1

Standard Test Methods for Measuring and Compensating for Reflected Temperature Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers

E1897 - 97

(2002)e1

Standard Test Methods for Measuring and Compensating for Transmittance of an Attenuating Medium Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers

E1933 - 99a

(2005)e1

Standard Test Methods for Measuring and Compensating for Emissivity Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers

E1934 - 99a

(2005)e1

Standard Guide for Examining Electrical and Mechanical Equipment with Infrared Thermography

E2581 - 07 Standard Practice for Shearography of Polymer Matrix Composites, Sandwich Core Materials and Filament-Wound Pressure Vessels in

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Leak Testing Method

Liquid Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Methods

Aerospace Applications

E2582 - 07Standard Practice for Infrared Flash Thermography of Composite Panels and Repair Patches Used in Aerospace Applications

Designation Title

E427 - 95

(2006)

Standard Practice for Testing for Leaks Using the Halogen Leak Detector(Alkali-Ion Diode)

E432 - 91

(2004)Standard Guide for Selection of a Leak Testing Method

E479 - 91

(2006)Standard Guide for Preparation of a Leak Testing Specification

E493 - 06Standard Test Methods for Leaks Using the Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector in the Inside-Out Testing Mode

E498 - 95

(2006)

Standard Test Methods for Leaks Using the Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector or Residual Gas Analyzer in the Tracer Probe Mode

E499 - 95

(2006)

Standard Test Methods for Leaks Using the Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector in the Detector Probe Mode

E515 - 05 Standard Test Method for Leaks Using Bubble Emission Techniques

E908 - 98

(2004)Standard Practice for Calibrating Gaseous Reference Leaks

E1002 - 05 Standard Test Method for Leaks Using Ultrasonics

E1003 - 05 Standard Test Method for Hydrostatic Leak Testing

E1066 - 95

(2006)Standard Test Method for Ammonia Colorimetric Leak Testing

E1603 - 99

(2006)

Standard Test Methods for Leakage Measurement Using the Mass Spectrometer Leak Detector or Residual Gas Analyzer in the Hood Mode

E2024 - 05Standard Test Methods for Atmospheric Leaks Using a Thermal Conductivity Leak Detector

Designation Title

E125 - 63

(2008)

Standard Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indications on Ferrous Castings

E165 - 02 Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination

E433 - 71

(2008)Standard Reference Photographs for Liquid Penetrant Inspection

E709 - 08 Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing

E1135 - 97

(2008)e1

Standard Test Method for Comparing the Brightness of Fluorescent Penetrants

E1208 - 05Standard Test Method for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Examination Using the Lipophilic Post-Emulsification Process

E1209 - 05Standard Test Method for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Examination Using the Water-Washable Process

E1210 - 05Standard Test Method for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Examination Using the Hydrophilic Post-Emulsification Process

E1219 - 05Standard Test Method for Fluorescent Liquid Penetrant Examination Using the Solvent-Removable Process

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Nondestructive Testing Agencies

Radiology (Neutron) Method

Radiology (X and Gamma) Method

E1220 - 05Standard Test Method for Visible Penetrant Examination Using the Solvent-Removable Process

E1417 - 05e1 Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing

E1418 - 05Standard Test Method for Visible Penetrant Examination Using the Water-Washable Process

E1444 - 05 Standard Practice for Magnetic Particle Testing

E2297 - 04Standard Guide for Use of UV-A and Visible Light Sources and Meters used in the Liquid Penetrant and Magnetic Particle Methods

Designation Title

E543 - 08aStandard Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing

E1212 - 04

(2008)

Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems for Nondestructive Testing Agencies

E1359 - 02

(2008)

Standard Guide for Evaluating Capabilities of Nondestructive Testing Agencies

Designation Title

E545 - 05Standard Test Method for Determining Image Quality in Direct Thermal Neutron Radiographic Examination

E748 - 02

(2008)Standard Practices for Thermal Neutron Radiography of Materials

E803 - 91

(2008)

Standard Test Method for Determining the L/D Ratio of Neutron Radiography Beams

E1496 - 05Standard Test Method for Neutron Radiographic Dimensional Measurements

E2003 - 98

(2004)

Standard Practice for Fabrication of the Neutron Radiographic Beam Purity Indicators

E2023 - 99

(2004)

Standard Practice for Fabrication of Neutron Radiographic Sensitivity Indicators

Designation Title

E94 - 04 Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination

E746 - 07Standard Practice for Determining Relative Image Quality Response of Industrial Radiographic Imaging Systems

E747 - 04

Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for Radiology

E801 - 06Standard Practice for Controlling Quality of Radiological Examination of Electronic Devices

E999 - 05Standard Guide for Controlling the Quality of Industrial Radiographic Film Processing

E1000 - 98

(2003)Standard Guide for Radioscopy

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E1025 - 05

Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for Radiology

E1030 - 05Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Metallic Castings

E1032 - 06 Standard Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Weldments

E1079 - 05 Standard Practice for Calibration of Transmission Densitometers

E1114 - 03Standard Test Method for Determining the Focal Size of Iridium-192 Industrial Radiographic Sources

E1161 - 03Standard Test Method for Radiologic Examination of Semiconductors and Electronic Components

E1165 - 04Standard Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of Industrial X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging

E1254 - 08Standard Guide for Storage of Radiographs and Unexposed Industrial Radiographic Films

E1255 - 96

(2002)Standard Practice for Radioscopy

E1390 - 06Standard Specification for Illuminators Used for Viewing Industrial Radiographs

E1411 - 01

(2006)Standard Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems

E1416 - 04 Standard Test Method for Radioscopic Examination of Weldments

E1441 - 00

(2005)Standard Guide for Computed Tomography (CT) Imaging

E1453 - 93

(2002)e1

Standard Guide for Storage of Media That Contains Analog or Digital Radioscopic Data

E1570 - 00

(2005)e1Standard Practice for Computed Tomographic (CT) Examination

E1647 - 03 Standard Practice for Determining Contrast Sensitivity in Radioscopy

E1672 - 06 Standard Guide for Computed Tomography (CT) System Selection

E1695 - 95

(2006)e1

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Computed Tomography (CT) System Performance

E1734 - 04 Standard Practice for Radioscopic Examination of Castings

E1735 - 07Standard Test Method for Determining Relative Image Quality of Industrial Radiographic Film Exposed to X-Radiation from 4 to 25 MeV

E1742 - 08a Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination

E1814 - 96

(2007)

Standard Practice for Computed Tomographic (CT) Examination of Castings

E1815 - 08Standard Test Method for Classification of Film Systems for Industrial Radiography

E1817 - 08Standard Practice for Controlling Quality of Radiological Examination by Using Representative Quality Indicators (RQIs)

E1931 - 97

(2003)Standard Guide for X-Ray Compton Scatter Tomography

E1935 - 97

(2008)Standard Test Method for Calibrating and Meausring CT Density

E2002 - 98

(2003)e1

Standard Practice for Determining Total Image Unsharpness in Radiology

E2007 - 08 Standard Guide for Computed Radiography

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Reference Radiological Images

E2033 - 99

(2006)

Standard Practice for Computed Radiology (Photostimulable Luminescence Method)

E2104 - 09Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Advanced Aero and Turbine Materials and Components

E2445 - 05Standard Practice for Qualification and Long-Term Stability of Computed Radiology Systems

E2446 - 05 Standard Practice for Classification of Computed Radiology Systems

E2597 - 07e1Standard Practice for Manufacturing Characterization of Digital Detector Arrays

Designation Title

E155 - 05Standard Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminum and Magnesium Castings

E186 - 98

(2004)e1

Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (2 to 4 ½ in. [51 to 114-mm]) Steel Castings

E192 - 04Standard Reference Radiographs for Investment Steel Castings of Aerospace Applications

E242 - 01

(2005)e1

Standard Reference Radiographs for Appearances of Radiographic Images as Certain Parameters Are Changed

E272 - 99

(2004)e1

Standard Reference Radiographs for High-Strength Copper-Base and Nickel-Copper Alloy Castings

E280 - 98

(2004)e1

Standard Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled (4 ½ to 12-in. [114 to 305-mm]) Steel Castings

E310 - 99

(2004)e1Standard Reference Radiographs for Tin Bronze Castings

E390 - 01

(2006)e1Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Fusion Welds

E431 - 96

(2007)

Standard Guide to Interpretation of Radiographs of Semiconductors and Related Devices

E446 - 98

(2004)e1

Standard Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in. [51 mm] in Thickness

E505 - 01

(2006)

Standard Reference Radiographs for Inspection of Aluminum and Magnesium Die Castings

E592 - 99

(2004)

Standard Guide to Obtainable ASTM Equivalent Penetrameter Sensitivity for Radiography of Steel Plates 1/4 to 2 in. [6 to 51 mm] Thick with X Rays and 1 to 6 in. [25 to 152 mm] Thick with Cobalt-60

E689 - 95

(2004)e1Standard Reference Radiographs for Ductile Iron Castings

E802 - 95

(2005)

Standard Reference Radiographs for Gray Iron Castings Up to 4 1/2 in. (114 mm) in Thickness

E1320 - 05 Standard Reference Radiographs for Titanium Castings

E1648 - 95

(2006)

Standard Reference Radiographs for Examination of Aluminum Fusion Welds

E1936 - 03

(2007)

Standard Reference Radiograph for Evaluating the Performance of Radiographic Digitization Systems

E1955 - 04Standard Radiographic Examination for Soundness of Welds in Steel by Comparison to Graded ASTM E 390 Reference Radiographs

E2422 - 05 Standard Digital Reference Images for Inspection of Aluminum Castings

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Ultrasonic Method

Designation Title

E114 - 95

(2005)

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Straight-Beam Examination by the Contact Method

E127 - 07Standard Practice for Fabricating and Checking Aluminum Alloy Ultrasonic Standard Reference Blocks

E164 - 08 Standard Practice for Contact Ultrasonic Testing of Weldments

E213 - 04 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipe and Tubing

E273 - 01

(2005)

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the Weld Zone of Welded Pipe and Tubing

E317 - 06a

Standard Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems without the Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments

E428 - 08Standard Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Testing

E494 - 05 Standard Practice for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Materials

E587 - 00

(2005)

Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Examination by the Contact Method

E664 - 93

(2005)

Standard Practice for the Measurement of the Apparent Attenuation of Longitudinal Ultrasonic Waves by Immersion Method

E797 - 05Standard Practice for Measuring Thickness by Manual Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Contact Method

E1001 - 06Standard Practice for Detection and Evaluation of Discontinuities by the Immersed Pulse-Echo Ultrasonic Method Using Longitudinal Waves

E1065 - 08 Standard Guide for Evaluating Characteristics of Ultrasonic Search Units

E1158 - 04

Standard Guide for Material Selection and Fabrication of Reference Blocks for the Pulsed Longitudinal Wave Ultrasonic Examination of Metal and Metal Alloy Production Material

E1324 - 00

(2005)

Standard Guide for Measuring Some Electronic Characteristics of Ultrasonic Examination Instruments

E1774 - 96

(2007)Standard Guide for Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducers (EMATs)

E1816 - 07Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing Using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) Techniques

E1901 - 08Standard Guide for Detection and Evaluation of Discontinuities by Contact Pulse-Echo Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Methods

E1961 - 06Standard Practice for Mechanized Ultrasonic Testing of Girth Welds Using Zonal Discrimination with Focused Search Units

E1962 - 04Standard Test Method for Ultrasonic Surface Examinations Using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) Techniques

E2001 - 08Standard Guide for Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy for Defect Detection in Both Metallic and Non-Metallic Parts

E2192 - 08 Standard Guide for Planar Flaw Height Sizing by Ultrasonics

E2223 - 07Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Steel Pressure Vessels Using Angle Beam Ultrasonics

E2373 - 04Standard Practice for Use of the Ultrasonic Time of Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique

E2375 - 08 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Wrought Products

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Other standards developed by ASTM committees:

E2479 - 06Standard Practice for Measuring the Ultrasonic Velocity in Polyethylene Tank Walls Using Lateral Longitudinal (L

CR) Waves

E2491 - 08Standard Guide for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of Phased-Array Ultrasonic Testing Instruments and Systems

E2580 - 07Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Flat Panel Composites and Sandwich Core Materials Used in Aerospace Applications

Adhesive Standards Aerospace Material Standards Analytical Chemistry Standards Atmospheric Analysis Standards Biotechnology Standards Building Standards Business Copy Product Standards Carbon Standards Catalyst Standards Cement and Concrete Standards Coal and Gas Standards Composite Standards Computerized System Standards Consumer Product Evaluation Standards Consumer Product Standards Copper Standards Corrosion and Wear Standards Durability of Nonmetallic Material Standards Electrical and Magnetic Conductor Standards Electrical Insulating Material Standards Electronics Standards Environmental Assessment and Risk Management Standards Environmental Toxicology Standards Fastener Standards Fatigue and Fracture Standards Ferroalloy and Casting Standards Fire and Flammability Standards Fire Resistance Standards Forensic Science Standards Geotechnical Engineering Standards Glass and Ceramic Standards Industrial Chemical Standards Industrial Hygiene and Safety Standards Laboratory Testing Standards Leather Standards

Medical Device and Implant Standards Medical Service Standards Metallic Coating Standards Molecular Spectroscopy and Separation Science Standards Nondestructive Testing Standards Nuclear Technology Standards Paint and Related Coating Standards Paper and Packaging Standards Petroleum Standards Physical and Mechanical Testing Standards Physical Measurement Standards Plastic Pipe Standards Plastic Standards Quality Control Standards Refractory Standards Resilient Floor Covering Standards Road and Paving Standards Rolling Element Bearing Standards Roofing Standards Rubber Standards Safety and Medical Services Standards Sensory Evaluation Standards Soaps and Polishes Standards Sports and Recreation Standards Steel Standards Temperature Measurement Standards Textile Standards Thermal Analysis Standards Thermal Insulation Standards Waste Management Standards Water Testing Standards Wood Standards

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