Vocabularies and grammar functions related to express permission

Permit (verb) = mengijinkan

Permission (noun) = ijin

Allow (verb) = mengijikan

Can (modal) = boleh/dapat

May (modal) = Boleh

Note:

Allow/permit to infinitive

Can/may infinitive

Asking Permission

• Can I close the window, please?

• Please let me have the car tonight.

• Would it be possible to me to do that?

• Do you mind if I smoke?

• May I have your permission to meet your daughter?

• May I borrow your pen?

• Is it alright if I enter your room?

Expressing Asking and Giving Permission

Giving and Denying Permission

Giving Permission

• Sure go ahead.

• It’s okay with me.

• No, I don’t mind.

• Why not?

• You have my permission.

• I won’t stop you

• Certainly

• By all means

Denying Permission

• No, You may not.

• No, You can’t

• Yes, I do mind

• I will not permit you to

• It is not allowed to

• I absolutely forbid you

• You are not permitted to

• You are not allowed to

Examples – 1

Jane : Susan, do you have a long ruler?

Susan : Yes.

Jane : May I use it? I want to draw a line?

Susan : Oh certainly, here it is. But don’t forget to return it.

Jane : And, do you have a pencil, too?

Susan : Yes, I do

Jane : Would you mind if I use it?

Susan : Yes, I do mind because I am using it.

Jane : okay, thank you

Examples – 2

Mira : John, are you going downtown?

John : Yes, I am

Mira : can I go with you?

John : oh, sure! Get in. Where do you want to go?

Mira : I want to go to the supermarket to buy a gift

for my nephew, today is his birthday.

John : All right.

1. Ari: Excuse me, Sir. May I close the door? It’s windy

outside.

Yuda: Oh, sure.

In the dialogue, Ari is asking for …

a. Help

b. Permission

c. Agreement

d. Information

2. Gita: May I come to your house this afternoon?

Maya : … I’m going to grandma’s house this afternoon.

Maybe next time?

Gita: Ok. Maybe next time.

a. Sure.

b. I’m afraid you can’t.

c. With my pleasure.

d. Yes, please

Bentuk Modal Auxiliaries

Keterangan

CanCouldWill

WouldMay

MightMust

ShouldShall

Ought to

Modals harus diikuti dengan kata kerjabentuk pertama (VERB 1). Tidak perlumenambahkan akhiran -s/-es walaupunSubject nya: He, She, It

Contoh:He can fix thisShe can fix this.

Pengecualian untuk modals: ought to,memang diikuti dengan infinitive “to”kemudian diikuti dengan kata kerja bentukpertama (VERB 1).Contoh: She ought to go to the market.

Modal Auxiliaries FungsiCan/ Could

(bisa/ dapat)To ask for permission.Contoh: Can/ Could I use your cell phone?

To express polite request.Contoh: Could you get me some water, please?

To express ability to do something.Contoh: I can speak English.

Will/ Would(akan)

To express polite request.Contoh: Will you buy me a candy, please?

To express intention.Contoh: I will finish my work soon.

To express prediction.Contoh: It will rain this afternoon.

Would To express more polite requestContoh: Would you pass the book, please?

To express probabilityContoh: That would be his brother in front of my house.

May/ Might(boleh/ mungkin)

To express more formal permissionContoh: May I meet your wife, sir?

To express prohibitionContoh: You may not smoke here.

To show possibilityContoh: She may join the English Club.

To express wishContoh: May God bless you all the time.

Must/ Have to(harus/ pasti)

To talk about necessityContoh: I must/ have to buy some foods for breakfast.

To express obligationContoh: They must/ have to obey the medical rules.

To express prohibitionContoh: You must not eat in the office.

To express conclusionContoh: Brian got a bad score. He must be a lazy student.

Should (seharusnya) To express advice or suggestionContoh: You should go to the doctor.

Shall(akan/ sebaiknya)

To express obligationContoh: The staff shall give the weather report every day.

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