Ask A Question, Save A Life QPR © Terri Lucero Osborn, Ph.D. Katie Dunker, M.S.
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Transcript of Ask A Question, Save A Life QPR © Terri Lucero Osborn, Ph.D. Katie Dunker, M.S.
Ask A Question, Save A Life
QPRQPR
©
Terri Lucero Osborn, Ph.D.
Katie Dunker, M.S.
Suicide Stats
31,484 deaths annually*
attributed to suicide*2003 Data
2002 31,6552001 30,622
2000 29,3501999 29,199
1998 30,5751997 30,535
1996 30,903
Suicide is a leading cause of death Rank & Cause Number of
deaths
• 1. Diseases of the heart 685,089• 2. Malignant neoplasms (cancer) 556,902• 3. Cerebrovascular diseases (strokes) 157,689• 4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases 126,382• 5. Accidents 109,277• 6. Diabetes 74,219• 7. Pneumonia and influenza 65,163• 8. Alzheimer’s disease 63,487• 9. Nephritis, nephrosis (kidney disease) 42,453• 10. Septicemia 34,069• 11. SUICIDE 31,484
Ranking 11th in the USA
1 suicide every 16.7 minutes
or
86 suicides every day
3,988 young people
(age 15-24)complete suicide each year
a rate of one suicide every two hours
2nd Leading Cause of Death for College Students!
(3rd for 15-24 year olds)
Mental Health on Campus
• Within the last 12 months, how many college students reported experiencing:– Depression 17.8%– Anxiety Disorder 12.4% – Seasonal Affective Disorder 8.1% – Substance Abuse problem 3.4%– Bulimia 2.3%– Anorexia 1.9%
Academic ImpactsWithin the last school year students reported the
following factors affecting their individual academic performance.
• Stress 32%• Cold/Flu/Sore Throat 26%• Sleep Difficulties 23.9%• Concern for a troubled friend or family member
18%• Depression/Anxiety Disorder/Season Affective
Disorder 15.7%• Relationship Difficulty 15.6%
Depression in collegereported in the last year
• Feeling so depressed it was difficult to function:– 1 to 10 times 36.7%– 11+ times 7.1%
• Seriously considering attempting suicide:– 1 to 10 times 8.4%– 11+ times 0.9%
• Attempting suicide:– 1 to 10 times 1.2%– 11+ times 0.1%
Depression in College• Students reported diagnosed with depression:
– Males = 9.8%– Females = 17.7%– Overall, 14.8%
• Of those students reporting ever having been diagnosed with depression:– 34.4% diagnosed in the last school year– 26.4% currently in therapy for depression– 36.6% currently taking medication for depression
Risk Factors• Male• White• 15-24 years old• Alcohol/Substance Abuse• Depression/Mood Disorder• Relationship Conflict• Any Previous Suicide Attempts
!!!
And… living in the Rocky Mountain States?
WHY?
What area of the US do you think has the LOWEST rates of suicide?
01 Wyoming 21.8 18 Washington 13.1 35 Texas 10.702 Montana 19.6 19 Tennessee 13.0 36 Maine 10.5 03 Nevada 19.4 20 North Dakota 12.8 37 Hawaii 10.404 Alaska 19.1 21 Kansas 12.7 38 Louisiana 10.305 New Mexico 18.3 22 New Hampshire 12.3 39 Michigan 10.206 Oregon 16.6 23 Iowa 12.0 40 Nebraska 10.107 Colorado 16.0 24 Missouri 11.9 41 Minnesota 9.808 Idaho 15.9 24 Indiana 11.9 42 California
9.609 Arizona 15.1 26 Wisconsin 11.8 43 Ohio 9.410 West Virginia 14.7 27 Mississippi 11.7 44 Maryland 8.911 Utah 14.3 28 Alabama 11.6 45 Illinois
8.012 Kentucky 13.8 29 Delaware 11.5 46 Connecticut 7.813 Arkansas 13.7 29 South Carolina 11.5 46 Rhode Island 7.814 Oklahoma 13.6 31 North Carolina 11.4 48 New Jersey 6.815 Florida 13.5 32 Georgia 11.2 49 Massachusetts
6.716 Vermont 13.4 33 Virginia 10.9 50 Dist of Columbia 6.416 South Dakota 13.4 34 Pennsylvania 10.8 51 New York 6.1
USA Total Rate 10.8
National ranking and rate of suicide, 2003
(Rates are per 100,000 people)
What about the Holidays or Winter? Is that a time of “risk”?
Alcohol/Drugs
Means & Opportunity
Upset or in Crisis
The
Lethal
Triad
Estimates on attempted suicide
25 attempts for each documented death
(Note: 31,484 suicides translates into 787,100 attempts annually)
Number of suicide survivorsIt is estimated that there are
6 survivorsfor each death by
suicide
Note: A “suicide survivor” is someone who has lost a loved one
to death by suicide
The ratio of 6 survivors per suicidemeans there are:
6 new survivors every 17 minutes
OR
504 new survivors each day
Survivors in the US population
0
1
2
3
4
5
19701972197419761978198019821984198619881990199219941996199820002002
1 of every 65 Americans is estimated to be a suicide survivor
4,496,022suicide survivors
749,337deaths by suicide
QQuestion
PPersuade
RRefer
QPRQPR
©
• QPR is not intended to be a form of counseling or treatment.
• QPR is intended to offer hope through positive action.
QPR
©
QPR Suicide Myths and Facts
MythNo one can stop a suicide, it is
inevitable.
FactIf people in a crisis get the help
they need, they will probably never be suicidal again.
©
QPR Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth Confronting a person about suicide
will only make them angry and increase the risk of suicide.
FactAsking someone directly about
suicidal intent lowers anxiety, opens up communication and lowers the risk of an impulsive act. ©
QPR Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth Only experts can prevent suicide.
Fact Suicide prevention is everybody’s
business, and anyone can help prevent the tragedy of suicide
©
Myth Suicidal people keep their plans to
themselves.
FactMost suicidal people communicate
their intent sometime during the week preceding their attempt.
©
QPR Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth Those who talk about suicide don’t do
it.
FactPeople who talk about suicide may
try, or even complete, an act of self-destruction.
©
QPR Suicide Myths and Facts
Myth Once a person decides to complete
suicide, there is nothing anyone can do to stop them.
Fact Suicide is the most preventable kind
of death, and almost any positive action may save a life.
©
QPR Suicide Myths and Facts
How Can I Help?
ASK THE QUESTION.
QPR Suicide Clues And Warning Signs
The more clues and signs observed, the greater the risk. Take all signs seriously.
©
QPR Direct Verbal Clues: “I’ve decided to kill myself.”“I wish I were dead.”“I’m going to commit suicide.”“I’m going to end it all.”“If (such and such) doesn’t happen, I’ll kill myself.”
©
“I’m tired of life, I just can’t go on.” “My family would be better off without
me.” “Who cares if I’m dead anyway.” “I just want out.” “I won’t be around much longer.” “Pretty soon you won’t have to worry
about me.”
©
QPR Direct Verbal Clues:
Behavioral Clues: Any previous suicide attempt Acquiring a gun or stockpiling pills Co-occurring depression, moodiness,
hopelessness Putting personal affairs in order Giving away prized possessions Sudden interest or disinterest in religion Drug or alcohol abuse, or relapse after a
period of recovery Unexplained anger, aggression and
irritability©
Situational Clues: Being fired or being expelled from school A recent unwanted move Loss of any major relationship Death of a spouse, child, or best friend,
especially if by suicide Diagnosis of a serious or terminal illness Sudden unexpected loss of freedom/fear of
punishment Anticipated loss of financial security Loss of a cherished therapist, counselor Fear of becoming a burden to others
©
• “Have you been unhappy lately? Have you been very unhappy lately? Have you been so very unhappy lately that you’ve been thinking about ending your life?”
• “Do you ever wish you could go to sleep and never wake up?”
©
QuestionLess Direct Approach:
“You look pretty miserable, I wonder if you’re thinking about suicide?”
“You know, when people are as upset as you seem to be, they sometimes wish they were dead. I’m wondering if you’re feeling that way, too?”
“Are you thinking about killing yourself?” ©
QuestionDirect Approach:
If you cannot ask the question, find
someone who can.
QPR Tips for Asking the Suicide Question
If in doubt, don’t wait, ask the question If the person is reluctant, be persistent Talk to the person alone in a private
setting Allow the person to talk freely Give yourself plenty of time Have your resources handy; QPR Card,
phone numbers, counselor’s name and any other information that might help
©
How you ask the question is less
important than that you ask it
How NOT to Ask the Question
“You’re not suicidal, are you?”
“You wouldn’t do anything CRAZY would you?”
©
Persuade• Listen to the problem and give them your full attention
• Remember, suicide is not the problem, only the solution to a perceived insoluble problem
• Do not rush to judgment• Offer HOPE in any form
HOW TO PERSUADE SOMEONE TO STAY ALIVE
©
Then Ask:Then Ask:• “Will you go with me to get help?”• “Will you let me help you get help?”• “Will you promise me not to kill
yourself until we’ve found some help?”
YOUR WILLINGNESS TO LISTEN AND TO HELP CAN REKINDLE HOPE, AND MAKE ALL THE DIFFERENCE.
©
Persuade
• Suicidal people often believe they cannot be helped, so you may have to do more.
1. The best referral involves taking the person directly to someone who can help.
2. The next best referral is getting a commitment from them to accept help, then making the arrangements to get that help.
©
Refer
3. The third best referral is to give referral information and try to get a good faith commitment not to complete or attempt suicide.
Any willingness to accept help at some time, even if in the future, is a good outcome.
©
Refer
REMEMBER:
Since almost all efforts to persuade someone to live instead
of attempt suicide will be met with agreement and relief, don’t hesitate to get involved or take
the lead.
©
For Effective QPR• Say: “I want you to live,” or “I’m on
your side...we’ll get through this.”
• Get Others Involved. Ask the person who else might help. Family? Friends? Brothers? Sisters? Pastors? Priest? Rabbi? Bishop? Physician?
©
For Effective QPR• Join a Team. Offer to work with
clergy, therapists, psychiatrists or whomever is going to provide the counseling or treatment.
• Follow up with a visit, a phone call or a card, and in whatever way feels comfortable to you, let the person know you care about what happens to them. Caring may save a life. ©
REMEMBER
©
WHEN YOU APPLY QPRQPR, YOU PLANT THE SEEDS OF HOPE.
HOPE HELPS PREVENT SUICIDE.
Call (or refer to) LIFELINE
1-800-273-TALK or
1-800-SUICIDE
Questions?