asic verification
Transcript of asic verification
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7/30/2019 asic verification
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Asic Verification
-"Anything that can go wrong - Will"-Murphy
What is my next step to be performed?
Now Lets start with an assumption that anything may go wrong
What are the various areas can things go wrong?
- List down the areas in the flow that things can go wrong and derive a methodology to
verify at each and every stage.
- List down all your uncertainities that could potentially happen and how to model it and how
to constrain and verify up-front.
Lets Explore and re-visit each and every area in the Design flow to cover potential risk
- Functional Verification (RTL level , Gate level)
- Formal Verification
- Static Timing Analysis
- Physical Verification
- Power Simulation
- Thermal Simulation
- Noise Simulation- Test Simulation
- Emulation
- Hardware proto-type
- Hardware Software co-simulation
- Transistor level Simulation
Now lets Venture in to each area and insure it
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Asic Verification
Functional Verification:
- TLM(Transaction Level Modelling)
- Linting- RTL Simulation ( Enivronment involving : stimulus generators, monitors, response
checkers, transactors)
- Gate level Simulation
- Mixed-signal simulations
- Regression
How Much Did I cover in the functional part - What is my Coverage Metric? and what are
the methodologies used?
- Is the verification tests covered pin-pointed tests or tests with random seeds to cover all
the corner-cases.
- Code-coverage
- Line coverage
- Functional coverage
Formal Verification:
- Equivalence checkers
- RTL versus Gate
- Pre-layout versus post-layout Netlist
- Assertion based property checkers(Mathematical techniques to allow larger state space coverage)
Timing Verification:
- With whom the Chip is talking to (To know the Interface Timing's)
- What is the Timing-budgets with in the chip, and how to constrain it within each I.P. and finally ana
- How to address the timing targets with varying process parameters(on-chip variation) what is the o
- Steps to minimize the clock -jitter.
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Asic Verification
Physical Verification:
Is my design process friendly ?
- DRC (Design Rule Check)
- LVS
- Antenna Checks
- ERC
- ESD checks
- Speed monitor's
Noise Simulation:
How Noisy is my design so need to perform noise simulations addressing these areas
- Simultaneous Switching Noise (SSN)
- Package Noise- EMI Noise
- Power-ground noise
- Cross-talk noise
- Analog Noise
- Substrate noise
Power Simulations:
Is my design meeting power-targets
- IR drop analysis
- Dynamic power simulations
Power related methodologies
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Asic Verification
- Optimum location for De-caps
- Multiple Voltage domains
- Multi Vt design
- DVFS ( Dynamic Voltage and Frequency scaling)
- Clock-gating Techniques- Power Management Unit (to shut-off when not required)
- Level-Shifters across cross-voltage domains
Thermal Simulations
Study the thermal targets and mechanism to reduce
Test Simulations
Is my design testable once chip comes out, methodologies to identify the problematic areas
- Boundary Scan
- Memory BIST simulations- Tester specific vector generation and simulations
- Tester vector compression techniques to reduce tester time
- At-speed testing mechanism's
- Scan-shift and scan-capture methodologies
- IDDQ testing
- Wafer Level Burn-in Tests to know Known Good Dies(KGD)
- Wire pull tests
- DC parameter tests
- AC parameter tests
- Path-delay tests- Delay tests
- Transition fault testing
Addressing DSM and Yield Issues
- Redundant via's
- Spacing non critical areas to be lithography friendly- Wire widening
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Asic Verification
- Metal Filling
- Metal Slotting
Emulation:
Emulates the functional behaviour of the design. Synthesizable assertions are mapped to emulators to
Hardware prototype:
Proto-typing the system requirements in a programmble FPGA's
Inspite of all the Verification Methodologies and Strategies if things goes wrong, how to addressin the design - Methodologies to reduce cost & time
- Spare-gates- Redundant rows/columns in the memories
- Redundant vias
- Built-in self repair memories
- Focussed Ion Beam Methodologies
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