Asian Elephant

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ASIAN ELEPHANT CONSERVATION & STRATEGIES BS HONS(2012-2016) Department of Env. Sciences LCWU

Transcript of Asian Elephant

ASIAN ELEPHANTCONSERVATION & STRATEGIES

BS HONS(2012-2016)

Department of Env. Sciences

LCWU

CLASSIFICATIONKingdom: Animalia

Phylum: Chordata

Class: Mammalia

Order: Proboscidea

Family: Elephantidae

Genus: Elephas

Species: E. maximus

POPULATION40,000 to 50,000 according to WWF recently provided data.

DISTRIBUTION

Grasslands, Tropical Evergreen Forests Semi-evergreen Forests Moist Deciduous Forests Dry Deciduous Forests Dry Thorn Forests

HABITAT

PHYSICAL APPEARANCE

Reproduction

Food They Eat

Communication

Intelligence

BEHAVIOUR

THREATS

NO ROOM TO ROAM

CONFLICTS WITH HUMANS

ONCE TEASED, THEY TURN FURIOUS

AS A RESULT THEY GET KILLED

ACCIDENTS

500 years old traditionIvory Poaching

Capture Of Young Elephants

DOMESTICATION & TOURISM

GENETIC THREATMale elephants are killed

Population Decreases

Leads to inbreeding

High Mortality

Wiping of Entire Population

1990’s: haemorrhagic

septicaemia

Swellings on body

Severe fever leads to death

DISEASES

BEGGING

POACHING FOR SKIN

At Government Level Improving care and management Training and mentoring the next generation alleviate human-elephant conflict increasing law enforcement Conducting community outreach and awareness Training and regional workshops

CONSERVATION STRATEGIES

At community level Determining best

evidenced-based/adaptive management Encouraging tolerance of people for

living with elephants Identifying and assisting with

development of alternative livelihoods Strategic protection of habitat

CONSERVATION STRATEGIES

At individual level Use Your Talents and Skills Help Stop the Ivory Trade and Poaching Be an Eco-Tourist Don't go on an Elephant-back Safari Support Efforts that will Improve the Lives

of Elephants in Zoos

CONSERVATION STRATEGIES

CITES To regulate trade In certain wildlife Species, including Elephants.

ORGANIZATION

WWFHelping improve The livelihoods of People living Alongside elephants

ORGANIZATIONS

Elephant Trade Information System (ETIS)

System analyzes levelsAnd trends in illegalTrade in ivory and other Elephant products.

ORGANIZATIONS

IUCNTo promote the long-termConservation of Asia's Elephants.

ORGANIZATIONS

Asian Nature Conservation Foundation India

Asian Elephant Conservation Fund

Save the Elephants (STE) organization

Earth Day Network India (EDN-India)

ORGANIZATIONS

IDEAL HABITAT DESIGN FOR ELEPHANT:

Sufficient opportunity andspace to move about freelyand comfortably, and toExercise choice to reduceStress and maintain goodPhysical condition. Habitat must provide Security from predators and

unauthorized human access.

SHAPE AND SIZE:

Enclosures should be; designed to allow for proper, safe cleaning and

drainage. designed, constructed and maintained to securely

contain elephants and to present no likelihood of harm to them. to allow for elephants' normal defense reactions

CONTAINMENT:

Barbed or razor wire are not used. High tensile electric fencingmay be used but is discouragedfor use as a primary barrier. Fence material should besufficiently secured so thatthe weight of the elephantscould not detach it from the support.

FENCING:

Any vegetation capable of harming elephants should be kept out of reach of elephants.

All plant materials in an enclosure must be evaluated for potential toxicity before use,

including leaves, buds, seeds, fruit, bark and flowers.

VEGETATION:

Elephants have space to seek refuge from sun, wind.

Shelter does not create ‘dead ends’ in which individuals can be trapped by other group members.

Shade and shelter are provided in multiple locations.

Shade and shelter can be created through natural and artificial means including shade trees, shade fabric or outbuildings.

SHELTER:

The temperature should be within an acceptable range ( between 4.5ºC to 23ºC).

Optimal humidity should be between 40% and 70%. Humidity should not be kept above 80% in controlled environment.

Heat Recovery Ventilators and Energy Recovery Ventilators can provide fresh outdoor air with minimal heat loss.

Light, natural and artificial, should be appropriate for the species housed in terms of intensity, spectrum and duration.

TEMPERATURE, HUMIDITY, VENTILATION, LIGHTING:

THANK YOU !