Asia Biomass Community
description
Transcript of Asia Biomass Community
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
1
Asia Biomass Community
Issei Sawa
Nov. 21, 2007
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
2
What is the Biomass Energy??
Sustainable energy utilizing renewable natural resources originating from biomass (other than fossil resources like mineral oil, coal, and natural gas).
Methane fermentation power generation
Biomass Pellet → Coal Alternative
Bio Diesel Fuel (BDF) → Diesel Alternative
Bio Ethanol Fuel (BEF) → Gasoline Alternative
Biomass origin Dimethyl Ether (DME) / Methanol
Direct Biomass Combustion Power Generation
Biomass to Liquid (BTL)
Biomass Energy for Electric Power
for Vehicle(Liquid Fuel)
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
3
Advantages of Biomass Energy
(1) Contribution to GHG Emission ReductionZero count on CO2 emission; treated as Carbon Neutral※ as stipulated by United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)→ Eligible for CDM Projects, if it is used as substitutes for fossil fuel.
(2) Anti Air-PollutionReduction of SOX (Sulfur Free), SPM (Oxygen), etc.
(3) Energy portfolioLess dependency on the Middle East fossil fuel sources
(4)New Environmental IndustryCatch up with EU and US who are considered as the biomass energy advanced countries, in accordance with the “Biomass Nippon Integrated Strategy”
※Carbon Neutral…CO2 occurred from burning of biomass doesn't influence on CO2 growth in LCA base, because CO2 is fixed by the photosynthesis of the plant which is the feedstock of biomass energy.
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
4
Industrial Revolution in Biomass Energy (BEF/BDF)
Background Now Future
Requirement for Sustainable & Environmentally Friendly Energy
Substantial Rise in Mineral Oil Market Price
Biomass Energy (BEF / BDF) market being created throughout the world
Policy and Technology
Establishment of Global Biomass Energy
Industry
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
5
BEF - Future demand forecast
Technology development in utilization of cellulose
biomass
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
300
200
100
250
150
50
40
280
170
80Base case
Million kl
* Base case is calculated based on Alternative Policy Scenario in IEA World Energy Outlook 2006
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
6
BDF - Future Demand Forecast
Wide utilization of other non-edible feedstock
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
100
60
20
80
40
5
80
50
20
Base case
Million kl
* Base case is calculated based on Alternative Policy Scenario in IEA World Energy Outlook 2006
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
7
Value Chain of Biomass Energy Industry
Market
[Usage / Applicationas Alternative Fuel]
(Engine Optimization Technology)
FeedstockBiomass
[Plantation /CollectionTechnology]
(60-70% of production cost)
2 priority
Processing
[Conversion Technology]
(30-40% o f production cost)
1 priority3 priority
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
8
・ Cellulose → Pre-treatment / Saccharification → Sugar → Conversion → D&D
・ Cellulose (soft cellulose, wooden cellulose, waste)
Diversification of Feedstock
※ D&D: Distillation & Dehydration
BEF - Value Chain of Biomass Energy Industry
Feedstock Processing Market
Gasoline Blend:
(1) Usage : Passenger cars
(2) Application :
① Anhydrous ETBE, E3, E10, E25,E85
② Hydrous E100 (FFV in Brazil)
・ Sugar → Fermentation → D&D※
・ Starch → Saccharification → Sugar → Fermentation → D&D
・ Sugar (sugarcane, sugar beet)
・ Starch (corn, cassava, wheat)
ConventionalFeedstock
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
9
Diesel Blend
(1) Usage : Trucks, Passenger cars, Gene-Set, Agri machinery,
Mining/Construction Equipment, Boat, Gas-Turbine
(2) Application : ・ B5, B10, B20 ・ Higher Blend or B100
Methyl Ester
Oil(100) + Methanol(10) + Alkalic
Catalyst Chemical Reaction → ⇒
Purification → Distillation
⇒ BDF(90-98) + Glycerine(10)
Vegetable Oils & Animal Fats
・ Laurin Oil (Coconut / PKO)
・ Olein Oil (rape / soy / sunflower)
・ Palmitin / Stearin Oil (palm, tallow )
・ Used Frying Oil (UFO) -- waste
Feedstock Processing Market
BDF - Value Chain of Biomass Energy Industry
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
10
BEF - Technology Development
Market Problems as blend stock for Gasoline = vapour pressure, water, corrosion
⇒ Engine optimization technology to achieve higher blending ratio.
Feedstock (1) Conventional Feedstock = High yield to increase availability &
cost competitiveness. (2) Diversification = Soft cellulose, wood, wastes, etc.
Processing (1) Conventional Feedstock = Zeolite Membranes Dehydration System
(2) Diversification = Pre-treatment/Saccharification: i) Pre-treatment + Enzymeii) Hydrothermaliii) Acid (thicken),
1
2
3
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
11
BDF - Technology Development
Market Problems as blend stock for diesel oil = storage stability, CFPP,
contamination; High Quality BDF & Diesel Blending Technology to achieve wide ⇒
variety of application & Higher Blending Ratio.
Feedstock (1) Diversification (Rapeseed, Soy → Palm, Jatropha, etc) (2) Higher Yield to increase availability & Cost Competitiveness
Processing High Quality / Purity BDF, High Yield, Multi-Feedstock (even from CPO) By-Product (Glycerin etc.) Treatment Future Possibility: 1) BHD (hydrocracking / isomerization) 2) BTL (FT Diesel)
1
2
3
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
12
Feedstock Selection
Nature of Feedstock
Available Enough ? Stable Supply Co-Existence with Food
Economic Viable? High yield & low cost
LCA Viable? Contribution to GHG red
uction
Conversion Technology
Technologically mature ?
Commercially viable ?
OK!
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
13
Prospective Direction to Create Biomass Energy Industry
Political Issue
Technical Issue
Regional Alliance in Asia (Supply/Demand)
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
14
Creation of Biomass Energy Industry: Political Issue Incentives:
Tax incentives: Exemption of Petroleum Tax Import Duty
Subsidies: Subsidies on Agricultural Product Subsidies on Production Plants Subsidies on Distribution Facilities
Mandatory Introduction: RFS (Renewable Fuel Standard)
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
15
Creation of Biomass Energy Industry: Technical Issue Engine Optimization Technology to achieve Higher
Blending Ratio
Feedstock Availability / Cost Down: Improvement of Plantation Technology (High yield etc.)
Processing (Conversion) Technology: Quality improvement of the product Cost down Diversification of variety of Feedstock Environmental Countermeasure
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
16
Creation of “Asia Biomass Community” Background:
Need to Encourage Sustainable & Environmental Friendly Energy Industry in Asia.
Existence of Necessary Resources to create value chain of Biomass Energy Industry in Asia.
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
17
Creation of “Asia Biomass Community” Japan and South East Asia: Sharing their strengths
Japan South East Asia
Background Need to reduce CO2 emissionNeed to promote Biomass Energy Industry.
Abundant resources 1) Agricultural 2) Land 3) Labor force
Possible Contribution
Technology developmentFinancing (Investment)Import (as Consumer)
ProductionLocal ConsumptionExport
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
18
Creation of “Asia Biomass Community”
Market
Production
Feedstock
Market
Technology
Finance
North American Market
JPN-SE Asia Joint Projects
Enhance the Multilateral partnership
Governmental level
Private level
European Market
Mitsubishi Corporation All Right Reserved
19
Establish the Sustainable System “Asian Model” 1) Energy Plantation (Dedicate to Feed Stock for Biofuel) 2) Bio-refinery 3) Distribution & Usage
Energy Plantation
“Contract Farming System”
- Improvement of Yield
- Mechanized Farming
- Fertilizer Management
-Quality Improvement
-Environmental Friendly(Less Energy, Low Emission)
-Cascade Biomass Usage
Improvement of Value Chain & LCA
Bio-refinery Distribution & Usage
Unaffected by Food Market
-Policy (mandate, subsidy)
-Quality Control
-Storage & Blending
Industrialization Market Creation