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Asia Australia Africa Eurasia Europe North America Central/ South America African and Egyptian dogs have been linked to humans as companion and working dogs for centuries. This picture shows a cave painting of what scientists have recognized as an ancestor to the Basenji. Egyptian hounds, similar to Greyhounds, have been represented in tombs, temples and Egyptian artifacts. Mummified Egyptian hounds have also been found buried in tombs with their owners. Key characteristics of Egyptian and African breeds include slim, narrow bodies, long, pointed ears, and extended snouts. Direct Relation Source: www.pbs.org Additional Relation Relation by Migration LOCAL AUSTRALIAN LOCAL CENTRAL ASIAN DOGS LOCAL EURASIAN DOGS DOGS LOCAL AFRICAN & EGYPTIAN DOGS ANCESTRY OF THE DOMESTIC DOG: A history of dog breeding from ancient wolves to present pedigrees Domestic dog breeding has been practiced for centuries across the entire globe. Ancestor wolves, primarily the Grey Wolf and Taymyr Wolf, evolved, migrated, and bred into local breeds specific to areas of certain countries. Local breeds, differentiated by the process of evolution an migration with little human intervention, bred into basal breeds. Humans then began to focus these breeds into specified pedigrees, and over time, became the modern breeds you see around the world today. This ancestral tree charts the structure from wolf to modern breeds showing overlapping connections between evolution, wolf migration, and peoples’ migration. Many iterations of dingo-type dogs have been found in the aborigine cave paintings of Australia. However, many of the uniquely Australian breeds were created by the migration of European dogs by way of their owners. Because of this, many Australian dogs are more closely related to European breeds than any original Australian breeds. Recently, there have been attempts to domesti- cate the dingo breed as well. Key characteristics of Australian breeds include a medium size build, upright, pointed ears, and innate herding and working abilities. In Central Asia, dogs were mostly used as companions with few breeds devoted to herding or hunting. Versions of these breeds are frequently depicted in Chinese and Japanese art because of their significance to their owners. Flat nosed breeds and petite breeds were most common, especially in Asian royal families. Certain breeds, such as the Tibetan Mastiff, are seen as status symbols, and are sold for over $200,000 today. Key characteristics of smaller Asian dogs include long coats and flat faces. Some stockier Asian dogs, such as the Shiba Inu, feature more Spitz-style characteristics. There are also mollasser and shepherd type breeds originating around Asia. However, these breeds gained more significance in the Middle East and parts of India as working dogs. Key characteristics of larger Asian dogs include large bodies and very thick coats. Some dogs from India resemble Greyhounds, revealing a migratory connection between people and wolves from Africa to India. Though very dissimilar in appearance to ancestor wolves, the Spitz breed holds a very close genetic connection. The larger ‘hund’ or Hound-Spitz dogs of Eastern Europe and Russia bear more of a resemblance. The smaller Spitz breeds are believed to have been bred down in size and domesticated following both wolf and human migrations across Europe and Asia. Many basal Asian dogs show Spitz characteristics. Key characteristics in Spitz include small, pointed ears, a fluffy, curled tail, and a thick, short coat. Central and South American breeds have blurred origins because there is little written record of breed history. Most evidence comes from artifacts in Peruvian and Inca cultures. They show Chihuahua type dogs, usually hairless, used as companions but also as a connection to their gods and beliefs. These dogs were also found carefully mummified in tombs, similar to dogs in ancient Egypt, which reveals a deep connection owners had with these canines. Chihuahua’s and Hairless dogs have similar characteris- tics to ancient Egyptian hounds. They have small bodies and large ears with very thin fur or hair. Though there is no blood connection, Central American dogs bear similar resemblance to hairless African dogs. Modern central American breeds stem from European coloniza- tion: mixing local dogs with European breeds. AFRICAN WOLF ASIAN WOLF JACKAL DINGO AUSTRALIAN CATTLE DOG STUMPY TAIL CATTLE DOG KELPIE HALLS HEELER LANCASHIRE HEELER ARI DOG EGYPTIAN HOUNDS IBEZAN HOUND CHINESE CRESTED HAIRLESS SLOUGHI SILKEN WIND HOUND MUDHOL HOUND MAHRATTA GREYHOUND CHIPPIPARAI ITALIAN GREYHOUND BORZOI AFGHAN SALUKI AFRICAN HAIRLESS PHAROAH DOG EURASIAN WOLF JINDO XIASI DOG LAHSA APSO INDIA PARIAH DOG TRAVELING MONK DOG HAPPA CHONGQING DOG CHINESE IMPERIAL DOG TOSA SHIH TZU BONEMOUTH DOG SHIBA INU CHOW CHOW KAIKADI BAKHARWAL DOG RAJAPALAYAM CAUCASIAN SHEPHERD DOG KOMBAI HOUND BULLY KUTTA CENTRAL ASIAN SHEPHERD TIBETAN MASTIFF KOREAN MASTIFF JAPANESE SPITZ DONGGYEONG SAPSSALI JEJU SHAR PEI GEORGIAN SHEPHERD KOMONDOR EAST EUROPEAN SHEPHERD SPITZ MOLLASSER Mollossers are one of the oldest types of dogs, predat- ing any other type of breed. These undomesticated dogs roamed the mountains of Europe, harsh landscapes of Russia, and parts of the middle east. They have years of hunting, fighting and herding instincts bred into them. The Romans turned some Mollossers into guard dogs because of their large stature and violent appearance. They were frequently used in war. Many were also used in dog fights, a practice that still goes on today. However, these breeds are usually gentle giants with kind temperaments. Key characteristics of Mollossers types include extremely large bodies, thick, rolling skin and short or cropped ears. LUNDEHUND NORWEGIAN ELKHOUND EAST SIBERIAN LAIKA SAMOYED DANISH SPITZ ITALIAN SPITZ KEESHOUND BUHUND AFFENPINSCHER EURASIER FINNISH SPITZ ELO AMERICAN ESKIMO DOG POMERANIAN VOLPINO ITALIANO SWEDISH LAPPHUND SWEDISH VALLHUND POLISH TATRA SHEEPDOG RAFERIO DO ALENTEJO CARPATHIAN SHEPHERD ALPINE MASTIFF BARBADO DE TERCERIA CAO DE SERRA DE AIRES ALAUNT BRACO ITALIANO ROMANIAN MIORITIC SHEPHERD ROTTWEILER BERGAMASCO SHEPHERD PERRO DE PRESA CANARIO IBERIAN MASTIFF ANATOLIAN SHEPHERD ESTRELA MNT. DOG ENGLISH MASTIFF SPANISH MASTIFF CANE CORSO KARAKACHAN DOG DALBO BOXER OLD ENGLISH BULLDOG ARIEGE POINTER BLACK RUSSIAN TERRIER AERDALE TERRIER CAO DE BOU NEOPOLITAN MASTIFF LOTTATARE BRINDISNO PUMI ST. BERNARD GUATAMALAN DOGO POLISH LOWLAND SHEEPDOG MUDI MOSCOW WATER DOG PULI ALPINE SPANIEL KARELIAN BEAR DOG BAVARIAN MNT. HOUND CAREA CASTELLA NO MANCHEGO LEAUVENAAR BRIARD BERGER PICARD CANE DI OROPA SCOTCH COLLIE BEUCERON BEARDED COLLIE PEMBROKE WELSH CORGI DUTCH SHEPHERD DOG SOUTH RUSSIAN OVARKA SENNEHUNDS Some Mollossers and Hounds were bred into Mountain Dogs or “Sennehunds”. These dogs were most preva- lent in Eastern Europe and aided in saving mountain climbers because of their sure footing, great sense of smell, and ancient tracking instincts. They were also used as ‘nanny’ dogs for wealthier European families to protect their children. Key characteristics of Mountain Dogs include larger bodies, thick double coats, and large bushy tails. Collies and Farm Dogs were bred to aid farmers in hearding livestock. These dogs were mostly used in Scotland, Ireland, England, and Australia where farming was essential. They have great hearing, smell, and eyesight and are extremely smart. Key characteristics in Collies and Farm Dogs include medium sized bodies, large ears, and long coats. FARM DOGS TALBOT DACHSHUND DALMATIAN BLACK AND TAN TERRIER ISTRIAN SIGHTHOUND VISZLA ENGLISH SETTERS/POINTERS TRANSLYVANIAN HOUND KERRY BEAGLE ST. JOHN’S WATER DOG RUSSIAN TRACKER GREAT DANE SOUTHERN HOUND BARBET LOGOTTO ROMAGNOLO MUNSTERLANDER GERMAN PINSCHER ST. HUBERT’S HOUND IRISH WOLFHOUND HOUNDS Hounds are almost as old as Mollossers, but developed more directly through human intervention. Hounds are shown to have existed across Europe and Africa about 10,000 years ago. They have been domesticated into specific types of breeds that accomplish certain tasks. Some of the oldest hounds are called “Celtic Hounds”, developed in Scotland, Ireland and Wales. Hounds are particularly adept in their sense of smell and sight and were used for hunting. Many hounds also developed into retrievers: dogs who are skilled in swim- ming and retrieving animals in water. Others accompa- nied royalty in vast hunting exhibitions. Hunters would shoot their prey and the dogs would run out to find the dead animals. Because of this need, many hounds have thin, upright tails which hunters used to more clearly identify where their dogs were, and therefor, where their prey had landed. Because there are so many kinds of hounds there is no one set of characteristics which define them except for their amazing senses and hunting/sporting instincts. Many hounds do have large ears which graze the ground allowing them to pick up smells quickly and direct them, and long tails. EUROPEAN WOLF TERRIERS & RATTERS MANCHESTER TERRIER GLENN OF IMAAL TERRIER MAJORCA RATTER IRISH TERRIER ENGLISH WHITE TERRIER SKY TERRIER WHEATON TERRIER RAT TERRIER BICHON GRIFON BORDER TERRIER BEDLINGTING TERRIER EUROPEAN SPANYEL FRENCH SPANIEL YORKSHIRE TERRIER ICELANDIC SHEEPDOG SIBERIAN HUSKY Terriers have been used for centuries to kill or find small prey. They were grouped into three general catagories: Spaniels, Terriers, and Ratters. Ratters were dogs adept in finding and killing rats in homes, ships, and businesses. Because of their short coats and small bodies they are easily able to fit into smaller spaces where rodents can hide. They are also very fast and have a keen sense of smell. They usually have flatter coats than Terriers and Spaniels. Terriers are very similar to Ratters in function. However, they tend to have longer coats and serve more as a hunting dog for slightly larger game rather than rodents. Grifon type Terriers have wiry coats while Bichon types have fluffy, curly coats. Spanyels or Spaniels are a type of terrier that was bred directly in Spain, hence the name “Spaniel”. They tend to have curly or wavy coats and large ears. They were also used as hunting dogs, similarly to hounds. Many Span- iels were bred into smaller lapdogs, like the King Charles Spaniel, and accompanied royalty. LOCAL NORTH AMERICAN DOGS NORTH AMERICAN WOLF GREENLAND DOG LOCAL CENTRAL AMERICAN DOGS MEXICAN WOLF TALTHAN BEAR DOG North American dogs are a large mix of breeds resulting from the colonization and migration of people. While the Greenland Dog and Thaltan Bear Dog stem from North American wolf and European wolf ancestors, North American Virginia hounds are a combination of Native American dogs (migrating from Asia to North America) and local treeing Cur dogs. Modern husky breeds all stem their wolf cousins. They greatly resemble wolves and were interbred with wolves throughout their domestication process. They are also adept in sled pulling and hunting large game such as bears and moose. Key characteristics of this breed include a warm thick coat, upright ears, and a keen instinct for working in cold climates. Other “original” American dogs were bred from breeds that came over with European colonizers. Many directly resemble their European ancestors with little differentia- tion in appearance. Dog breeding in America closely followed European culture as breeds began to form not for function, but for aesthetic qualities. In 1884, the American Kennel Club was founded and has been dedicated to identifying both ancient and modern pure breeds today. NEWFOUNDLAND ALASKAN HUSKY CANADIAN ESKIMO DOG ALASKAN MALAMUTE AUSTRALIAN SHEPHERD BLACK & TAN VIRGINIA FOXHOUND COONHOUND CURS SALISH WOOL DOG HAWAIIAN POI DOG SAKHALIN HUSKY ALCO CHIRIBAYA PERUVIAN HAIRLESS CHIHUAHUA MEXICAN HAIRLESS MAGENLLAN SHEEPDOG ECUADORIAN HAIRLESS BRAZILLIAN TERRIER TECHICHI INDIAN SPITZ LAKELAND TERRIER SPANISH BULLDOG BULLMASTIFF BULL TERRIER FRENCH BULLDOG VILLANO DE LAS ENCARTEONES BULLENBEISSER PITT BULL ENGLISH BULLDOG AMERICAN BULLDOG AMERICAN PITT BULL TERRIER BOSTON TERRIER CHAMUCO LEAVITT BULLDOG AMERICAN BULLY BRAZILLIAN DOGO DOGO CUBANO MEXICAN BULLDOG BROHOLMER DOGUE DU BORDEUX AKITA SWINFORD BANDOG FILA BRASLERIO BEGLIAN SHEPHERD GERMAN SHEHERD SCHIPPERKE SLOVAC CUVAC HOVOWART SHILOH SHEPHERD WHITE SHEPHERD BERNESE MNT. DOG KUVASZ BORDER COLLIE SMOOTH COLLIE ROUGH COLLE HARRIER NEW ZEALAND HERDING DOG OLD ENGLISH SHEEPDOG CARDIGAN WELSH CORGI BEAGLE ALPINE DACHBRAKE SHETLAND SHEEPDOG KOOLIE TEDDY ROOSEVELT DOG AMERICAN HAIRLESS TERRIER AMERICAN WATER SPANIEL NOVA SCOTIA DUCK TOLLING RETRIEVER CHESAPEAK BAY RETRIEVER REDBONE COONHOUND BEAGLE HARRIER SCHILLERSTOAVARE PORCELAINE NORFOLK SPANIEL TWEED WATER SPANIEL OLD ENGLISH TERRIER ENGLISH SETTER GOLDEN RETRIEVER SPINONE ITALIANO IRISH SETTER OLD DANISH POINTER GERMAN POINTER SLOVAK ROUGH COATED POINTER PUDELPOINTER BULL ARAB SCHNAUZER GREYHOUND SCOTTISH DEERHOUND FOXHOUND POODLE DUTCH SMOUSHOUND MINIATURE SCHANUZER PORTUGUESE WATER DOG BASSETT HOUND BRUNO JURA HOUND BLOODHOUND GRAND BLEU DE GASCONE GREATER SWISS MNT. DOG WEIMERANER BOUVIER DE FLANDERS RATANERO BODEGA ANDALUZ ESTONIAN HOUND SMOOTH FOX TERRIER AMERICAN FOXHOUND TREEING WALKER COONHOUND TRIGG HOUND MINIATURE POODLE CAVAPOO POOCON CHILEAN TERRIER HAVANESE LABRADOR RETRIEVER DOBERMAN PINSCHER ENGLISH TOY TERRIER AUSTRIAN PINSCHER MINIATURE PINSCHER WHIPPET TOY MANCHESTER TERRIER CLUMBER SPANIEL NORWHICH TERRIER NORFOLK TERRIER KERRY BLUE TERRIER CAIRN TERRIER PAISLEY TERRIER AUSTRALIAN TERRIER SCOTTISH TERRIER SEALYHAM TERRIER TOY FOX TERRIER FOX TERRIER DANDIE DINMONT TERRIER JACK RUSSELL TERRIER AMERICAN STAFFORDSHIRE TERRIER AMERICAN RAT TERRIER WEST HIGHLAND TERRIER PARSON RUSSELL TERRIER MALTESE CESKY TERRIER GOS RATER VALENCIA JAPANESE TERRIER GRAND BASSETT GRIFON VANDEEN BRUSSLES GRIFON OTTERHOUND SILKY TERRIER LOWCHEN BICHON FRISE BOLANKA BOLOGNESE PAPILLON ST.USUGE SPANIEL ENGLISH COCKER SPANIEL BLUE PICARDY SPANIEL BRITTANY SPANIEL CURLY COATED RETRIEVER FLAT COATED RETRIEVER AMERICAN COCKER SPANIEL KING CHARLES SPANIEL ENGLISH SPRINGER SPANIEL RUSSIAN SPANIEL GORDON SETTER ENGLISH WATER SPANIEL LEONBERGER NORTHERN INUIT DOG TAMASKAN DOG KLEE KLAI LABRADOR HUSKY CHINOOK BLACK AND TAN COONHOUND BLUE TICK COONHOUND MAJESTIC TREE HOUND CATAHOULA CUR BLACK MOUTH CUR MOUNTAIN CUR TREEING TENESSEE BRINDLE CATAHOULA BULLDOG MINI. AUSTRALIAN SHEPHERD TEXAS HEELER Egyptian hounds Miniature Pincher Jack Russell American Bulldog Halls Heeler German Shepherd Mollassers European Spitz European Spitz Wolves Tosa Wolves CAROLINA DOG Silky Terrier Bolognese JAPANESE CHIN PUG TIBETAN TERRIER PEKINGESE TORNJAK Sapsali Tibetan Mastiff Central Asian Shepherd Scottish Deerhound Brussels Grifon English Cocker Spaniel English Setter English Setter English Setter Newfoundland Tosa Great Dane Alpine Mastiff Tibetan Mastiff Central Asian Shepherd Relation by selective breeding Relation by selective breeding through migration Alaunt Xisi Dog Chow Chow Chow Chow Central Asian Shepherd Indian Spitz Pomeranian English White Terrier Old English Terrier English Mastiff Spanish Mastiff English Mastiff Fox Terrier Spanish Mastiff Tosa Rottweiler English White Terrier English Bulldog Tibetan Terrier Caucasian Shepherd Dog Schnauzer Newfoundland GREY WOLF TAYMYR WOLF ANCIENT BREEDS 3000-1000 BC WOLVES & CANIDS Predate history BASAL BREEDS 1-1900 AD MODERN BREEDS 1901-PRESENT ZUCHON Bichon Frise KYI LEO Maltese STAGHOUND Siberian Husky German Shepherd Labrador Retriever German Shepherd Alaskan Husky Schipperke American Eskimo Dog St. Bernard Irish Setter Whippet St. John’s Water Dog Egyptian hounds Cairn Terrier Greyhound Rottweiler Beauceron German Pinscher St. John’s Water Dog Doberman Pinscher Iliatalian Greyhound Greyhound Bichon Frise Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Greyhound Bichon Frise Tibetan Terrier Miniature Schanuzer Fox Terrier Fox Terrier Greyhound Beagle Fox Terrier Great Dane St. John’s Water Dog Greyhound Poodle Affenpinscher Miniature Poodle Weimeraner Flat Coated Retriever Irish Setter Labrador Retriever Cocker Spaniel GOLDENDOODLE Poodle Poodle Coonhound Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Rat Terrier Rat Terrier Bloodhound Greyhound King Charles Spaniel Pomeranian Volpino Italiano Halls Heeler St. John’s Water Dog BEAGLIER Cavalier King Charles Spaniel BREED BREED BREED BREED BREED Basal breed, no further breeding Alive Extinct Basal breed, additional breeding Subsequent breed, no further breeding Subsequent breed, additional breeding Greyhound Rajapalayam Newfoundland Bernese Mountain Dog Pug Happa Tibetan Mastiff Sources: www.akc.org, www.justdogbreeds.com Welsh Corgi Source: sciencemag.org Source: touregypt.net Source: ancient.eu, miami.edu Source: pomeranianproject.com Source: modernmolosser.com Source: akc.org Source: oldtimefarmshepherd.org Source: ancient.eu Source: akc.org Source: history.org, akc.org Source: nationalgeographic.com SCHNOODLE Poodle LABRADOODLE Poodle COCKAPOO Miniature Poodle MALTIPOO Miniature Poodle YORKIPOO Yorkishire Terrier BREED
Transcript of Asia Australia Africa Eurasia Europe North America Central ... · Asia Australia Africa Eurasia...
Asia Australia Africa Eurasia Europe North America Central/ South America
African and Egyptian dogs have been linked to humans as companion and working dogs for centuries. This picture shows a cave painting of what scientists have recognized as an ancestor to the Basenji.
Egyptian hounds, similar to Greyhounds, have been represented in tombs, temples and Egyptian artifacts. Mummified Egyptian hounds have also been found buried in tombs with their owners.
Key characteristics of Egyptian and African breeds include slim, narrow bodies, long, pointed ears, and extended snouts.
Direct Relation
Source: www.pbs.org
Additional Relation
Relation by Migration
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ANCESTRY OF THE DOMESTIC DOG:A history of dog breeding from ancient wolves to present pedigrees
Domestic dog breeding has been practiced for centuries across the entire globe. Ancestor wolves, primarily the Grey Wolf and Taymyr Wolf, evolved, migrated, and bred into local breeds specific to areas of certain countries. Local breeds, differentiated by the process of evolution an migration with little human intervention, bred into basal breeds. Humans then began to focus these breeds into specified pedigrees, and over time, became the modern breeds you see around the world today. This ancestral tree charts the structure from wolf to modern breeds showing overlapping connections between evolution, wolf migration, and peoples’ migration.
Many iterations of dingo-type dogs have been found in the aborigine cave paintings of Australia. However, many of the uniquely Australian breeds were created by the migration of European dogs by way of their owners. Because of this, many Australian dogs are more closely related to European breeds than any original Australian breeds. Recently, there have been attempts to domesti-cate the dingo breed as well.
Key characteristics of Australian breeds include a medium size build, upright, pointed ears, and innate herding and working abilities.
In Central Asia, dogs were mostly used as companions with few breeds devoted to herding or hunting. Versions of these breeds are frequently depicted in Chinese and Japanese art because of their significance to their owners. Flat nosed breeds and petite breeds were most common, especially in Asian royal families. Certain breeds, such as the Tibetan Mastiff, are seen as status symbols, and are sold for over $200,000 today.
Key characteristics of smaller Asian dogs include long coats and flat faces. Some stockier Asian dogs, such as the Shiba Inu, feature more Spitz-style characteristics.
There are also mollasser and shepherd type breeds originating around Asia. However, these breeds gained more significance in the Middle East and parts of India as working dogs.
Key characteristics of larger Asian dogs include large bodies and very thick coats. Some dogs from India resemble Greyhounds, revealing a migratory connection between people and wolves from Africa to India.
Though very dissimilar in appearance to ancestor wolves, the Spitz breed holds a very close genetic connection. The larger ‘hund’ or Hound-Spitz dogs of Eastern Europe and Russia bear more of a resemblance. The smaller Spitz breeds are believed to have been bred down in size and domesticated following both wolf and human migrations across Europe and Asia. Many basal Asian dogs show Spitz characteristics.
Key characteristics in Spitz include small, pointed ears, a fluffy, curled tail, and a thick, short coat.
Central and South American breeds have blurred origins because there is little written record of breed history. Most evidence comes from artifacts in Peruvian and Inca cultures. They show Chihuahua type dogs, usually hairless, used as companions but also as a connection to their gods and beliefs. These dogs were also found carefully mummified in tombs, similar to dogs in ancient Egypt, which reveals a deep connection owners had with these canines.
Chihuahua’s and Hairless dogs have similar characteris-tics to ancient Egyptian hounds. They have small bodies and large ears with very thin fur or hair. Though there is no blood connection, Central American dogs bear similar resemblance to hairless African dogs. Modern central American breeds stem from European coloniza-tion: mixing local dogs with European breeds.
AFRICAN WOLF
ASIAN WOLF
JACKAL
DINGOAUSTRALIAN CATTLE DOG
STUMPY TAIL CATTLE DOG
KELPIE
HALLS HEELER LANCASHIRE HEELER
ARI DOG
EGYPTIAN HOUNDS IBEZAN HOUND
CHINESE CRESTED HAIRLESS
SLOUGHI
SILKEN WIND HOUND
MUDHOL HOUND
MAHRATTA GREYHOUND
CHIPPIPARAI
ITALIAN GREYHOUND
BORZOI
AFGHAN
SALUKI
AFRICAN HAIRLESS
PHAROAH DOG
EURASIAN WOLF
JINDO
XIASI DOG
LAHSA APSO
INDIA PARIAH DOG
TRAVELING MONK DOG
HAPPA
CHONGQING DOG
CHINESE IMPERIAL DOG
TOSA
SHIH TZU
BONEMOUTH DOG
SHIBA INU
CHOW CHOW
KAIKADI
BAKHARWAL DOG
RAJAPALAYAM
CAUCASIAN SHEPHERD DOG
KOMBAI HOUND
BULLY KUTTA
CENTRAL ASIAN SHEPHERD
TIBETAN MASTIFF
KOREAN MASTIFF
JAPANESE SPITZ
DONGGYEONG
SAPSSALI
JEJU
SHAR PEI
GEORGIAN SHEPHERD
KOMONDOR
EAST EUROPEAN SHEPHERD
SPITZ
MOLLASSER
Mollossers are one of the oldest types of dogs, predat-ing any other type of breed. These undomesticated dogs roamed the mountains of Europe, harsh landscapes of Russia, and parts of the middle east. They have years of hunting, fighting and herding instincts bred into them.
The Romans turned some Mollossers into guard dogs because of their large stature and violent appearance. They were frequently used in war. Many were also used in dog fights, a practice that still goes on today. However, these breeds are usually gentle giants with kind temperaments.
Key characteristics of Mollossers types include extremely large bodies, thick, rolling skin and short or cropped ears.
LUNDEHUND
NORWEGIAN ELKHOUND
EAST SIBERIAN LAIKA
SAMOYED
DANISH SPITZ
ITALIAN SPITZ
KEESHOUND
BUHUND
AFFENPINSCHER
EURASIER
FINNISH SPITZ
ELO
AMERICAN ESKIMO DOG
POMERANIAN
VOLPINO ITALIANO
SWEDISH LAPPHUND
SWEDISH VALLHUND
POLISH TATRA SHEEPDOG
RAFERIO DO ALENTEJO
CARPATHIAN SHEPHERD
ALPINE MASTIFF
BARBADO DE TERCERIA
CAO DE SERRA DE AIRES
ALAUNT
BRACO ITALIANO
ROMANIAN MIORITIC SHEPHERD
ROTTWEILER
BERGAMASCO SHEPHERD
PERRO DE PRESA CANARIO
IBERIAN MASTIFF
ANATOLIAN SHEPHERD
ESTRELA MNT. DOG
ENGLISH MASTIFF
SPANISH MASTIFF
CANE CORSO
KARAKACHAN DOG
DALBO
BOXER
OLD ENGLISH BULLDOG
ARIEGE POINTER
BLACK RUSSIAN TERRIER AERDALE TERRIER
CAO DE BOU
NEOPOLITAN MASTIFF
LOTTATARE BRINDISNO
PUMI
ST. BERNARD
GUATAMALAN DOGO
POLISH LOWLAND SHEEPDOG
MUDI
MOSCOW WATER DOG
PULI
ALPINE SPANIEL
KARELIAN BEAR DOG
BAVARIAN MNT. HOUND
CAREA CASTELLA NO MANCHEGO
LEAUVENAAR
BRIARD
BERGER PICARD
CANE DI OROPA
SCOTCH COLLIE
BEUCERON
BEARDED COLLIE
PEMBROKE WELSH CORGI
DUTCH SHEPHERD DOG
SOUTH RUSSIAN OVARKA
SENNEHUNDS
Some Mollossers and Hounds were bred into Mountain Dogs or “Sennehunds”. These dogs were most preva-lent in Eastern Europe and aided in saving mountain climbers because of their sure footing, great sense of smell, and ancient tracking instincts. They were also used as ‘nanny’ dogs for wealthier European families to protect their children.
Key characteristics of Mountain Dogs include larger bodies, thick double coats, and large bushy tails.
Collies and Farm Dogs were bred to aid farmers in hearding livestock. These dogs were mostly used in Scotland, Ireland, England, and Australia where farming was essential. They have great hearing, smell, and eyesight and are extremely smart.
Key characteristics in Collies and Farm Dogs include medium sized bodies, large ears, and long coats.
FARM DOGS
TALBOT
DACHSHUND
DALMATIAN
BLACK AND TAN TERRIER
ISTRIAN SIGHTHOUND
VISZLA
ENGLISH SETTERS/POINTERS
TRANSLYVANIAN HOUND
KERRY BEAGLE
ST. JOHN’S WATER DOG
RUSSIAN TRACKER
GREAT DANE
SOUTHERN HOUND
BARBET
LOGOTTO ROMAGNOLO
MUNSTERLANDER
GERMAN PINSCHER
ST. HUBERT’S HOUND
IRISH WOLFHOUND
HOUNDS
Hounds are almost as old as Mollossers, but developed more directly through human intervention. Hounds are shown to have existed across Europe and Africa about 10,000 years ago. They have been domesticated into specific types of breeds that accomplish certain tasks. Some of the oldest hounds are called “Celtic Hounds”, developed in Scotland, Ireland and Wales.
Hounds are particularly adept in their sense of smell and sight and were used for hunting. Many hounds also developed into retrievers: dogs who are skilled in swim-ming and retrieving animals in water. Others accompa-nied royalty in vast hunting exhibitions. Hunters would shoot their prey and the dogs would run out to find the dead animals. Because of this need, many hounds have thin, upright tails which hunters used to more clearly identify where their dogs were, and therefor, where their prey had landed.
Because there are so many kinds of hounds there is no one set of characteristics which define them except for their amazing senses and hunting/sporting instincts. Many hounds do have large ears which graze the ground allowing them to pick up smells quickly and direct them, and long tails.
EUROPEAN WOLF
TERRIERS & RATTERS MANCHESTER TERRIER
GLENN OF IMAAL TERRIER
MAJORCA RATTER
IRISH TERRIER
ENGLISH WHITE TERRIER
SKY TERRIER
WHEATON TERRIER
RAT TERRIER
BICHON
GRIFON
BORDER TERRIER
BEDLINGTING TERRIER
EUROPEAN SPANYEL
FRENCH SPANIEL
YORKSHIRE TERRIER
ICELANDIC SHEEPDOG
SIBERIAN HUSKY
Terriers have been used for centuries to kill or find small prey. They were grouped into three general catagories: Spaniels, Terriers, and Ratters.
Ratters were dogs adept in finding and killing rats in homes, ships, and businesses. Because of their short coats and small bodies they are easily able to fit into smaller spaces where rodents can hide. They are also very fast and have a keen sense of smell. They usually have flatter coats than Terriers and Spaniels.
Terriers are very similar to Ratters in function. However, they tend to have longer coats and serve more as a hunting dog for slightly larger game rather than rodents. Grifon type Terriers have wiry coats while Bichon types have fluffy, curly coats.
Spanyels or Spaniels are a type of terrier that was bred directly in Spain, hence the name “Spaniel”. They tend to have curly or wavy coats and large ears. They were also used as hunting dogs, similarly to hounds. Many Span-iels were bred into smaller lapdogs, like the King Charles Spaniel, and accompanied royalty.
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TALTHAN BEAR DOG
North American dogs are a large mix of breeds resulting from the colonization and migration of people.
While the Greenland Dog and Thaltan Bear Dog stem from North American wolf and European wolf ancestors, North American Virginia hounds are a combination of Native American dogs (migrating from Asia to North America) and local treeing Cur dogs.
Modern husky breeds all stem their wolf cousins. They greatly resemble wolves and were interbred with wolves throughout their domestication process. They are also adept in sled pulling and hunting large game such as bears and moose.
Key characteristics of this breed include a warm thick coat, upright ears, and a keen instinct for working in cold climates.
Other “original” American dogs were bred from breeds that came over with European colonizers. Many directly resemble their European ancestors with little differentia-tion in appearance. Dog breeding in America closely followed European culture as breeds began to form not for function, but for aesthetic qualities. In 1884, the American Kennel Club was founded and has been dedicated to identifying both ancient and modern pure breeds today.
NEWFOUNDLAND
ALASKAN HUSKY
CANADIAN ESKIMO DOG
ALASKAN MALAMUTE
AUSTRALIAN SHEPHERD
BLACK & TAN VIRGINIA FOXHOUND
COONHOUND
CURS
SALISH WOOL DOG
HAWAIIAN POI DOG
SAKHALIN HUSKY
ALCO
CHIRIBAYA
PERUVIAN HAIRLESS
CHIHUAHUA
MEXICAN HAIRLESS
MAGENLLAN SHEEPDOG
ECUADORIAN HAIRLESS
BRAZILLIAN TERRIER
TECHICHI
INDIAN SPITZ
LAKELAND TERRIER
SPANISH BULLDOG
BULLMASTIFF
BULL TERRIER
FRENCH BULLDOG
VILLANO DE LAS ENCARTEONES
BULLENBEISSER
PITT BULL
ENGLISH BULLDOG
AMERICAN BULLDOG
AMERICAN PITT BULL TERRIER
BOSTON TERRIER
CHAMUCO
LEAVITT BULLDOG
AMERICAN BULLY
BRAZILLIAN DOGO
DOGO CUBANO
MEXICAN BULLDOG
BROHOLMER
DOGUE DU BORDEUX
AKITA
SWINFORD BANDOG
FILA BRASLERIO
BEGLIAN SHEPHERD
GERMAN SHEHERD
SCHIPPERKE
SLOVAC CUVAC
HOVOWART
SHILOH SHEPHERD
WHITE SHEPHERD
BERNESE MNT. DOG
KUVASZ
BORDER COLLIE
SMOOTH COLLIE
ROUGH COLLE
HARRIER
NEW ZEALAND HERDING DOG
OLD ENGLISH SHEEPDOG
CARDIGAN WELSH CORGI
BEAGLE
ALPINE DACHBRAKE
SHETLAND SHEEPDOG
KOOLIE
TEDDY ROOSEVELT DOG
AMERICAN HAIRLESS TERRIER
AMERICAN WATER SPANIEL
NOVA SCOTIA DUCK TOLLING RETRIEVERCHESAPEAK BAY RETRIEVER
REDBONE COONHOUND
BEAGLE HARRIER
SCHILLERSTOAVARE
PORCELAINE
NORFOLK SPANIEL
TWEED WATER SPANIEL
OLD ENGLISH TERRIER
ENGLISH SETTER
GOLDEN RETRIEVER
SPINONE ITALIANO
IRISH SETTER
OLD DANISH POINTER
GERMAN POINTERSLOVAK ROUGH COATED POINTER
PUDELPOINTER
BULL ARAB
SCHNAUZER
GREYHOUND
SCOTTISH DEERHOUND
FOXHOUND
POODLE
DUTCH SMOUSHOUND
MINIATURE SCHANUZER
PORTUGUESE WATER DOG
BASSETT HOUND
BRUNO JURA HOUND
BLOODHOUND
GRAND BLEU DE GASCONE
GREATER SWISS MNT. DOG
WEIMERANER
BOUVIER DE FLANDERS
RATANERO BODEGA ANDALUZ
ESTONIAN HOUND
SMOOTH FOX TERRIER
AMERICAN FOXHOUND TREEING WALKER COONHOUND
TRIGG HOUND
MINIATURE POODLE CAVAPOO
POOCON
CHILEAN TERRIER
HAVANESE
LABRADOR RETRIEVER
DOBERMAN PINSCHER
ENGLISH TOY TERRIER
AUSTRIAN PINSCHER
MINIATURE PINSCHER
WHIPPET
TOY MANCHESTER TERRIER
CLUMBER SPANIEL
NORWHICH TERRIER NORFOLK TERRIER
KERRY BLUE TERRIER
CAIRN TERRIER
PAISLEY TERRIER
AUSTRALIAN TERRIER
SCOTTISH TERRIER
SEALYHAM TERRIER
TOY FOX TERRIERFOX TERRIER
DANDIE DINMONT TERRIER
JACK RUSSELL TERRIER
AMERICAN STAFFORDSHIRE TERRIER
AMERICAN RAT TERRIER
WEST HIGHLAND TERRIER
PARSON RUSSELL TERRIER
MALTESE
CESKY TERRIER
GOS RATER VALENCIA
JAPANESE TERRIER
GRAND BASSETT GRIFON VANDEEN
BRUSSLES GRIFON
OTTERHOUND
SILKY TERRIER
LOWCHEN
BICHON FRISE
BOLANKA
BOLOGNESE
PAPILLON
ST.USUGE SPANIEL
ENGLISH COCKER SPANIEL
BLUE PICARDY SPANIEL
BRITTANY SPANIEL
CURLY COATED RETRIEVER
FLAT COATED RETRIEVER
AMERICAN COCKER SPANIEL
KING CHARLES SPANIEL
ENGLISH SPRINGER SPANIEL
RUSSIAN SPANIEL
GORDON SETTER
ENGLISH WATER SPANIEL
LEONBERGER
NORTHERN INUIT DOG
TAMASKAN DOG
KLEE KLAI
LABRADOR HUSKY
CHINOOK
BLACK AND TAN COONHOUND
BLUE TICK COONHOUND
MAJESTIC TREE HOUND
CATAHOULA CUR
BLACK MOUTH CUR
MOUNTAIN CUR
TREEING TENESSEE BRINDLE
CATAHOULA BULLDOG
MINI. AUSTRALIAN SHEPHERD
TEXAS HEELER
Egyptian hounds
Miniature Pincher
Jack Russell
American Bulldog
Halls Heeler
German Shepherd
Mollassers
European Spitz
European Spitz
Wolves
Tosa
Wolves
CAROLINA DOG
Silky Terrier
Bolognese
JAPANESE CHIN
PUG
TIBETAN TERRIER
PEKINGESE
TORNJAK
Sapsali
Tibetan Mastiff
Central Asian Shepherd
Scottish Deerhound
Brussels Grifon
English Cocker Spaniel
English Setter
English Setter
English Setter
Newfoundland
Tosa
Great Dane
Alpine Mastiff
Tibetan Mastiff
Central Asian Shepherd
Relation by selective breeding
Relation by selective breeding through migration
Alaunt
Xisi Dog
Chow Chow
Chow Chow Central Asian Shepherd
Indian Spitz
Pomeranian
English White Terrier
Old English Terrier
English Mastiff
Spanish Mastiff
English Mastiff
Fox Terrier
Spanish Mastiff
Tosa
Rottweiler
English White Terrier
English Bulldog
Tibetan Terrier
Caucasian Shepherd Dog
Schnauzer
Newfoundland
GREY WOLF TAYMYR WOLF
ANCIENT BREEDS3000-1000 BC
WOLVES & CANIDSPredate history
BASAL BREEDS1-1900 AD
MODERN BREEDS1901-PRESENT
ZUCHON
Bichon Frise
KYI LEO
Maltese
STAGHOUND
Siberian Husky
German Shepherd
Labrador Retriever
German Shepherd
Alaskan Husky
Schipperke
American Eskimo Dog
St. Bernard
Irish Setter
Whippet
St. John’s Water Dog
Egyptian hounds
Cairn Terrier
Greyhound
Rottweiler
Beauceron
German Pinscher
St. John’s Water Dog
Doberman Pinscher
Iliatalian Greyhound
Greyhound
Bichon Frise
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
Greyhound
Bichon Frise
Tibetan Terrier
Miniature Schanuzer
Fox Terrier
Fox TerrierGreyhound
Beagle
Fox Terrier
Great Dane
St. John’s Water Dog
Greyhound
Poodle
Affenpinscher
Miniature Poodle
Weimeraner
Flat Coated Retriever
Irish Setter
Labrador Retriever
Cocker Spaniel
GOLDENDOODLE
Poodle
Poodle
Coonhound
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
Rat Terrier
Rat Terrier
Bloodhound
Greyhound
King Charles Spaniel
Pomeranian
Volpino Italiano
Halls Heeler
St. John’s Water Dog
BEAGLIERCavalier King Charles Spaniel
BREED
BREED
BREED
BREED
BREED
Basal breed, no further breeding
Alive
Extinct
Basal breed, additional breeding
Subsequent breed, no further breeding
Subsequent breed, additional breeding
Greyhound
Rajapalayam
Newfoundland
Bernese Mountain Dog
Pug
Happa
Tibetan Mastiff
Sources: www.akc.org, www.justdogbreeds.com
Welsh Corgi
Source: sciencemag.org
Source: touregypt.net
Source: ancient.eu, miami.edu
Source: pomeranianproject.com
Source: modernmolosser.com
Source: akc.org
Source: oldtimefarmshepherd.org
Source: ancient.eu
Source: akc.org
Source: history.org, akc.org
Source: nationalgeographic.com
SCHNOODLE
Poodle
LABRADOODLE
Poodle
COCKAPOO
Miniature Poodle
MALTIPOO
Miniature Poodle
YORKIPOO
Yorkishire Terrier
BREED
