ASHREA ISBD Competition_Alex West
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Transcript of ASHREA ISBD Competition_Alex West
Municipal Government BuildingHuaibeizhuanjcun, Beijing, China40° 24’ 46.26” N 116° 40’ 43.52” E
ASHRAE 2016 Student Project Competition ISBD Category - Integrated Sustainable Building DesignSavannah College of Art & Design P.O. Box 3146 Architecture Department Savannah, GA 31402-3146
Faculty AdvisorDr. Emad M. Afi fi
Professor of Architecture 912.525.6876
eafi fi @scad.edu
Student Team LeaderAlex West [email protected]
SCAD ASHRAE Student BranchEichberg Hall, Architecture DepartmentP.O. Box 3146Savannah, GA 31402-3146
Team MembersAbdul Alharib [email protected] Hagood [email protected] Nguyen [email protected] Yam [email protected]
ContentsDesign IntentProgramLocationSiteClimate & Energy AnalysisAir QualityIndoor Air QualitySustainable SystemsHVAC SystemsHVAC Zoning & Plan DiagramStructural SystemsPerspective Views Building SectionsResources
334-56-78-1415161718-2021-2324-2627-3031-3334
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ProgramDesign Intent This community building is located in the little town Huaibeizhuanjcun northeast of Beijing, China. It is based on the concept of integrating nature and community. The idea is to create a building that connects the commu-nity service building and the natural environments. The building is split into two. Half of the building is embedded in the ground while the other half sits on top. The embedded half will provide a li-brary, computer lab, and classroom space for the community. The other half will be where the services for the community will be conducted.The reason for earth-berming the building is two-fold. One, it symbolically allows nature to encroach seamlessly into the built environment. Second-ly, by embedding part of the building, the heating and cooling load of the building will be reduced due to thermal mass. On top of that it allows for the reuse of the earth that will be displaced due to construction. The roof of the embedded half will be a green roof. A geothermal heat pump is another sustainable strategy that is used. The geothermal heat pump will be installed during the process of embedding the building into the ground. It will help reduce the cost of heating and cooling of the building.
Basic Spaces Sq. Meters Sq. FeetEntry/ Reception/ Service Areas 576.7 6,207.50Open Offices 120 1,291.70Private Offices 105.2 1,132.40Conference Rooms 92.5 995.7Classrooms 420 4,520.80Break Room 80 861.1Library 258.1 2,778.20Media Room 101.6 1,093.60Computer Labs 118.7 1,277.70Garage (EMT) 99.9 1,075.30Bedrooms x2 (EMT) 52.4 564Restrooms 195.2 2,101.10Clinic 79.6 856.8Storage 52.7 567.2Mechanical Rooms 214.6 2,309.90Circulation 945.5 10,177
Additional SpacesCafé 83.3 896.6Auditorium 131.1 1,411.10GardensWater FeatureOutdoor Spaces
Total3 727.1 40 117.7
Beijing, China39° 54’ 26” N 116° 23’ 50” E
Location
Huaibeizhuanjcun, Beijing, China40° 24’ 46.26” N 116° 40’ 43.52” ELocation
Huaibeizhuanjcun, Beijing, China40° 24’ 46.26” N 116° 40’ 43.52” E
Site
1: 4000 4 8 12 16 20
Site
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
Daylight
(Angles and
Duration)
Lat: 39.5
Long: 116
Daylight hours
range from 15
hours in June
to 9.5 hours
in December.
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
Climate & Energy AnalysisSolar
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
Annual Wind Data
Primary wind directions
are north-east and
south-west.
The wind speed is
typically between
5-8mph
ARCARARARARAAAARARRAAAARARRRRRRAARRRRRRARAARRRRAARRRRRRARRR HH 405:555:5:: AAAAAArAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA chhhhitecturtttutttttuttttttttturtttttuuuurrttturuuuurrre DDesign nnnnnnnnnnnnnnn StuSSSSSSSS ddiio-V,VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV PrPPPPPP ofeeeessor Ar AAr AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAr AAAAr AAAAAfifi, Wintentetttentettttetetter 2rrr 016, WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWilliiiiiliil iammmm MaMMMMMaaaaaaaaaaaaaththththithhhhhthhhtthtttthhthhtttttthhhhhhhthtttthhhhhtttthhh s
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
Temperature
(Averages
by Month)
Max: 87°F in July
Min: 15°F in
January
Average temp.
ranges from 24°F
to 79°F
Comparitively,
in Savannah, Ga.
the average temp.
ranges from 49°F
to 82°F
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
Climate & Energy Analysis
Temperature Wind
Monthly Wind Roses
Annual Wind Rose (Speed Distribution)
Annual Wind Rose (Frequency)
Climate & Energy Analysis
Humidity
Monthly Design Data
Diurnal Weather Averages
Climate & Energy Analysis
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
Percipitation
(Averages
by Month)
The annual rainfall total in Beijing is 23in.
There is minimal rain durring the Fall, Winter, and Spring, but ex-
tremely high rainfall durring the Summer.
Comparitively, Savannah, Ga. has an annual toatl rainfall of 48in, and
it rains persistently throughout the year.
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
Precipitation
This energy analysis was created by Revit. The settings of which are:
Building Type: Town HallLocation: 40° 24’ 46.26” N 116° 40’ 43.52” EExport Category: RoomsExport Complexity: Simple Shading SurfacesProject Phase: New ConstructionMass Ext. Wall: Lightweight Const.- Typ. Mild Climate InsulationMass Int. Wall: Lightweight Const.- No InsulationMass Ext. Wall Underground: High Mass Const.- Typ. Mild Climate InsulationMass Roof: High Insulation-Cool RoofMass Floor: Lightweight Const.- Typ. InsulationMass Slab: High Mass Const.- Cold Climate Slab InsulationMass Glazing: Triple Plane Clear- LowE Hot or Cold ClimateMass Shade: BasicMass Opening: AirHVAC System: 2 Pipe Fan Coil System, Chiller and Boiler
The settings are as close as I could get them to simulate what I designed for my building.
Climate & Energy Analysis
Energy Use: ElectricityEnergy Use: Fuel
Annual Energy Use/CostAnnual Carbon EmissionsBuilding Performance Factors
Climate & Energy Analysis
Monthly Heating Load
Monthly Cooling Load
Monthly Fuel Consumption
Monthly Electricity Consumption
Monthly Peak Demand
Climate & Energy Analysis
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
Air Quality
Air quality is measured by
the AQI (Air Quality Index)
It measures the amounts of
various pollutants in the
air:
-PM2.5: Airborne particles
less than 2.5μm in diameter
-PM10: Airborne particles
less than 10μm in diameter
-O3: Ozone Levels
-NO2: Nitrogen Dioxide
-SO2: Sulfur Dioxide
-CO: Carbon Monoxide
ARCH 405: Architecture Design Studio-V, Professor Afifi, Winter 2016, William Mathis
Air Quality
“In the past 24 hours, Beijing’s real-time air quality index (AQI) reached 400 micrograms per cubic me-ter, a level that results in serious risk of adverse respi-ratory effects in the general population..... The World Health Organization (WHO) deems anything over 25 micrograms per cubic meter as unsafe.”
Forbes Science Dec. 2015 Trevor Vance
Indoor Air Quality
Vegetation Filtration
Given the fact that China’s and especially Beijing’s air quality is unhealthy. Indoor air quality becomes am important issue. Indoor air quality is affected by both outdoor and indoor pollutants. Some of the strategies of improving indoor air quality are: operable windows, vegetation, walk off matts, and the filters used in the HVAC system. Operable windows can be used to completely flush out the building on days that the outside air quality is decent. Vegetation both on the roof and around the site will help filter the air. The leaves will trap the pollutants which will then be washed off during storms. Walk off matts reduce the amount of debris that is tracked into the building from peoples shoes. The walk off matts will have to be cleaned regularly. The building will be using a fan coil system for its HVAC. Each fan coil unit will have it’s own filter built in. In addition to this though, there will be a couple of fresh air intake ducts that service the fan coil units that are not able to be placed against an exterior wall. These fresh air intake ducts will have their own set of filters.
Walk off MattsOperable Windows
Sustainable Systems
Thermoplastic Water-proofi ng Membrane
Protection Course
Root Barrier
Drainage Layer
Thermal insulation
Aeration Layer
Moisture Retention Layer
Reservoir Layer
Filter Frabric
Engineered Soil
Loose-laid Retention Tee
Flashing
Cap
Railing
Typ. Green Roof Section
Given China’s ecological situation, sustainability is a key factor in any design. For the community building I decided that using green roofs and SIPS panels would be a must. The green roofs will provide several benefi ts. First it will act as a thermal insulator for the building. Second, it will absorb rain, thus reducing storm runoff from the site. Finally, the vegetation will help fi lter the air around the building. The SIPS panels will provide better insulation for the roofs it is used on thus reducing the heating and cooling load and saving energy.
The HVAC system that will be used in the building will be a Hybrid GHP (Ground Heat Pump) system. The Hybrid GHP will tie into a closed water loop fan coil system which will provide the heating and cooling for the spaces.
HVAC SystemProposed - Hybrid Geothermal System
HVAC System Proposed - Fan Coil System
HVAC System
The building will use both ceiling mounted fan coil units and under window units depending on location within the building.
Proposed - Fan Coil System
HVAC Zoning & Plan Diagrams
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Ground Floor HVAC Plan
SupplyReturnSprinkler
Pump
Thermostat
Diverter Valve
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Plate Heat Exchanger
Fresh Air Inlet
Geothermal Unit
Boiler
Pond used as Heat source/ sink
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First Floor HVAC Plan
HVAC Zoning & Plan Diagrams
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Second Floor HVAC Plan
HVAC Zoning & Plan Diagrams
Structural Systems
Ground & First Floors
Structural Systems
Second Floor & Roof
Structural Systems
Perspective Views
Perspective Views
Perspective of the main approach to the building. Shows main entry, ADA accessibility, and facade of building.
Perspective Views
Perspective of the educational wing of the building. Shows verti-cal circulation, natural daylighting, and the pond. The pond will be used for geothermal heating and cooling of the building.
Perspective Views
Perspective of the whole building. Shows the two entries, the facade, and form of the building.
Littoral Zone
MetalimnionWater to Ground Heat Transfer
Metalimnion
Littoral Zone
Chimney
Boiler
Building Sections
Pond as heat sink
Building Sections
Green Roof
Main Mechanical Room
Building Sections
Resources
Allen, Edward, and Joseph Iano. The Architect’s Studio Companion: Rules of Thumb for Preliminary Design. New York: Wiley, 2002. Print.
ASHRAE Greenguide. Atlanta, GA: American Society of Heating, Re frigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, 2010. Print
Class Research Projects ARCH 405 2016- Climate Research Section
Federal Energy Management Program DOE/EE-0258, http://smartener gy.illinois.edu/pdf/archive/hybridgeothermalheatpumps.pdf, web, 2016
Heavy Timber Truss & Frame- www.heavytimbers.com/sips.html, web, 2016
Kwok, Alison G, and Walter T. Grondzik. The Green Studio Handbook: Environmental Strategies for Schematic Design. Oxford: Architectur al, 2007. Print.
Revit Energy Calculator
TRANE- www.trane.com