Ashoka African Annual Report 2009

ASHOKA AFRICA 2009 ANNUAL REPORT

2 0 0 9 A N N U A L R E P O R T P A G E 2

In partnership with our Fellows and strategic partners, Ashoka continues to accelerate social

change in Africa. In 2009, Ashoka streamlined operations and provided resources for our

Fellows through tailored services and fellowship-building activities. We have deepened

relationships with strategic partners and developed new alliances with organizations who share

our goal of social change. We are pleased to share the following FY09 final report highlighting

Pan African and regional developments as well as select community-building activities made

possible by the generous investments of Ashoka Africa's program supporters.

Highlights of Pan African Achievement

Ashoka launched its program in Africa in 1990, and today there are over 350 Ashoka Fellows in

17 African countries. This year we strengthened the network of Africa's leading social

entrepreneurs by adding 14 new Fellows in Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, South Africa, Senegal, and

Uganda. In 2009, we have spurred innovation in the field of rural development with support

from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation and have elected our first cohort of Rural

Innovation and Farming Fellows. This Rural Innovation and Farming partnership will allow

Ashoka to support 100 social entrepreneurs to spread promising innovations aimed at

improving the quality of life in rural communities. Through this increased number of social

entrepreneurs and their broad base of supporters, Ashoka will identify transformative principles

that will revolutionize agriculture and rural development.

In 2009, Ashoka‟s Pan African Water Innovation Initiative enjoyed significant growth on the

continent and beyond. Ashoka cultivated new thinking and action around water and sanitation

systems by combining the insights, best practices and strategies of 8 Fellows from 5 Southern

and East African countries. Ashoka then facilitated the global spread of these learnings. A

number of achievements within our Water Innovation Initiative include:

Developing the international WET-Africa/WET-Jukskei Clean Water Initiative, now led

by Ashoka Fellow Kim Kieser of South Africa.

Supporting an Ashoka Fellow collaboration between Dr. Joseph Adelegan of Nigeria,

David Kuria of Kenya, and Osmond Mugweni of Zimbabwe to replicate Dr. Adelegan‟s

large scale cattleyard waste-to-energy and river/groundwater cleanup strategy from

Nigeria to Kenya and Zimbabwe, including a site visit and technical assessment initiated

at the first target site in Kenya.

Introducing African Fellows to water and sanitation innovators in the US, Asia and Latin

America as identified through Ashoka's parallel Water Innovations work in those places.

In addition to these Pan African developments, Ashoka fortified regional efforts to advance the

field of social entrepreneurship in East, West and Southern Africa.


Highlights of Achievement In East Africa

This year, Ashoka facilitated numerous opportunities for East African Fellows to build a

collaborative community with the ability to achieve greater impact than each could achieve

alone. In addition to electing new Ashoka Fellows from Kenya and Uganda, Ashoka has

deepened its relationships with a number of key strategic partners and held fellowship events

focused on economic development, agriculture, and mobile technology.

New East African Fellows During FY09 Ashoka elected 6 new East African social entrepreneurs into the Ashoka

Fellowship who are working to advance women‟s rights, economic development and innovative

agricultural practices. This raises the current number of Ashoka Fellows in East Africa to 44.

Highlights of all newly elected African Fellows can be found in Appendix A.

Select Fellowship Events

Ashoka-YPO Entrepreneurship Luncheon in Nairobi, Kenya:

Ashoka and the Young Presidents‟ Organization (YPO) strengthened their partnership in FY09

with an Entrepreneurship Luncheon, which brought together innovative thinkers in business and

development to brainstorm and create partnerships to address the bottlenecks social

entrepreneurs face in building and sustaining their institutions. Organized by Enablis, a not-for-

profit organization that supports entrepreneurs in the developing world, this synergetic event

brought together YPO members and Ashoka Fellows from Kenya. YPO members paid site visits

to two Ashoka Fellows: David Kuria, who is pioneering a new public toilet technology in a novel

public/private partnership to improve the quality and availability of hygienic sanitation facilities to

peri-urban communities, and Andrew Macharia, who started The City Garbage Recyclers, a project

engaged in environmental conservation. Main outcomes of the Entrepreneurship Luncheon

included action plans for continued long-term growth of social ventures, improved branding,

increased financial stability and expansion of Fellow projects.

Roundtable on Rural Innovation and Farming in Kampala and Nairobi:

This year a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation has enabled Ashoka to identify and

elect leading social entrepreneurs in agriculture, Rural Innovation and Farming Fellows, who are

focusing on improving the quality of life in rural communities. A series of roundtables on Rural

Innovation and Farming were held throughout the continent to identify innovations in the field

of rural development and expand Ashoka‟s network of agriculture experts.

In East Africa, these Roundtable Discussions on Rural Innovation and Farming were held in

Kampala, Uganda to discuss critical issues concerning agriculture in Uganda, followed by a


meeting in Nairobi in June 2009, focused on the Kenyan rural development sector. Attendees

included Ashoka Fellows, partners of Ashoka, academics in the field of agriculture, and agri-

business professionals. Bill Carter, Ashoka‟s diamond leader for Africa, led the discussion in

Uganda along with Ugandan Fellows Mwalimu Musheshe, Shaka Robert, and Vincent Bagiire.

Attendees at the Nairobi Roundtable included Fellows Adrian Mukhebi, Patrick Gathitu,

Florence Wambugu and Vincent Bagiire. Other participants included an organic farming expert,

an environmental engineer, and the Chief Executive of a large honey producer in Kenya.

The purpose of these discussions was to analyze the value chain in agriculture and identify areas

requiring innovation. Some of the areas addressed included how to organize efficient

cooperatives, advocate policies that protect small holder farmers, create alternative lines of

credit better suited to farmers, systematize land ownership, and encourage youth to consider a

career in agriculture. These Roundtable Discussions are critical to our knowledge about rural

development and will help us as we search for Rural Innovation and Farming Fellows and

develop programs for FY10.

Mobile Technologies for Social Change: An Ashoka-Lemelson Collaboration:

Ashoka hosted a meeting on the topic of science and technology in Nairobi, Kenya in June 2009

in conjunction with our strategic partner, the Lemelson Foundation. Since 2006, Ashoka and the

Lemelson Foundation have partnered to find, support, and celebrate social innovators whose

technologies offer fresh, effective approaches to advance social change. Eight Ashoka Fellows

and Ashoka and the Lemelson Foundation staff from 6 different countries gathered to discuss

how current and future innovations related to mobile technologies could help solve some of

Africa‟s most intractable social problems. There were lively and productive discussions about

innovative strategies for implementing mobile technologies and potential partnerships with

companies, foundations, government entities, and universities.

The event included site visits to Kenyan Fellow David Kuria and Kenyan Senior Ashoka Fellow

Ingrid Munro, who is using microfinance to address the economic and social challenges faced by

low income and socially excluded populations.

The African Fellows working in the field of technology and innovation have been invited to

attend a global summit of Ashoka-Lemelson Fellows and leaders in this field at the Indian School

of Business in Hyderabad in February 2010. Ashoka is expecting to convene 100 Ashoka-

Lemelson Fellows with business, academic, and policy leaders for a global discussion on how

technology can facilitate social change.


Highlights of Achievement In West Africa

Ashoka began operating in Nigeria in 1991 and our Anglophone program has since grown to

include Ghana and Cameroon as well. Our diverse cadre of more than 70 Ashoka Fellows are

advancing the fields of health, education, the environment, human rights, civic participation and

economic development. Growing our programming and working in such a large and diverse

region is expensive and often requires us to be flexible and creative in our operational strategy.

In an effort to capitalize on synergies between Anglophone and Francophone West Africa,

Ashoka is combining its West African operations into a program that will operate from a

regional hub office based in Accra, Ghana, which is scheduled to be in operation by 2010. At the

end of September 2009, we closed our Abuja office, and from our new office in Accra, we will

continue to elect West African Fellows and expand strategic partnerships to enhance our

programs across the region. We look forward to capitalizing on the strengths of our current

Anglophone and Francophone programs and building an integrated and vibrant Ashoka West

Africa program in the months ahead.

New West African Fellows This year we elected Fellows Joachim Ezeji from Nigeria, Jennifer Dordor from Ghana, and

Dialia Keita from Mali in the fields of the environment and economic development, respectively.

We also elected Senior Fellows Ladji Niangana from Mali and Annette Mbaye Derneville from

Senegal who are innovating in the fields of agriculture and gender equality.

Youth Venture Youth Venture is an Ashoka program that is helping young people experience the

transformative effect of taking initiative and creating social change in their communities. Ashoka

developed the concept of Youth Venture by harnessing the innovations of Ashoka‟s Fellows in

the field of youth development. In light of both the Fellows‟ work and their own youth

experiences, Ashoka realized how critical it is to give young people the tools and space to take

initiative. Ashoka created Youth Venture to build a movement of young social entrepreneurs. By

enabling and inspiring young people to learn to take initiative from a young age, Youth Venture

will make it possible for exponentially increasing numbers of young people to become adult

agents of change. In 2009 Ashoka laid the groundwork for launching Youth Venture in West

Africa.

Ashoka has engaged contacted a Burkinabe Fellow, Bagnomboe Bakiono, who manages a

network of 20,000 young people, to design and implement the appropriate strategy to launch


the Youth Venture program in West Africa. We intend to launch our Youth Venture program in

West Africa in 2010.

Fellowship Events in West Africa Ashoka Fellows convened numerous fellowship activities this year in Cote d‟Ivoire, Senegal, Mali

and Burkina Faso. Highlights of these fellowship building events include:

Fellowship Meeting in Mali and Burkina Faso- February and March 2009: Ashoka Sahel

organized fellowship meetings in Mali and Burkina Faso in February and March 2009 respectively.

Newly elected Fellows were introduced to their national colleagues and had the opportunity to

learn more about Ashoka and the valuable resources and services we provide. During these

meetings the Fellows mapped out action plans to be more connected with each other, and

shared best practices, networks and ideas on how to make their projects sustainable.

Nigerian Fellow Collaboration on Economic Development – June 2009: Nigerian

Fellows Lucy Kanu, Maxwell Marshall and Joseph Adelegan came together to work on a National

collaboration on a project titled “Full Economic Citizenship/“Hybrid Value Chain” Partnership”.

This collaboration will involve 24,000 practicing farmers. The major objective of this

collaboration is to create pioneering large-scale solutions for low-income populations in the

areas of livelihood solutions, housing, and sanitation/energy and environmental awareness. We

are hopeful that, with the success of this collaboration, this model can be adopted in other parts

of Africa.

Women Human Rights Workshop, Dakar – August 2009: In partnership with Ashoka,

Urgent Action Fund- Africa expanded its activities to West Africa. Female Ashoka Fellows from

Senegal and several women‟s organization were invited to an introductory workshop on human

rights. Urgent Action Fund and Ashoka add value to the work of women in Africa through

implementing groundbreaking, rapid and unique support offerings that foster women's leadership

in peace building and justice processes.

Fellow Exchange: Brazil meets the Sahel - September 2009:

Brazilian Fellow Karen Wokman founded a project focused on capturing and preserving heritage

and family history called The Museum of the Person. The ambassador for Karen‟s project,

Carole Misorelli, is bringing Karen‟s idea to the Sahel and other parts of the world. Carole met

with Ashoka Fellow Maria Keita from Mali and then travelled to Senegal to introduce the

Museum of the Person to Fellows in Senegal. In collaboration with Ashoka, a workshop was held

with all Senegalese Fellows and 3 members of their respective organizations where the

participants shared their experiences, cultures and poignant life stories. These stories have been

published in the Museum of the Person‟s website where viewers can read and take inspiration


and lesson from our dynamic social entrepreneurs. A collaboration was also born between the

Museum of the Person and the Museum of Women created and lead by Annette Mbaye

Derneville, newly elected Senior Fellow from Senegal. Ashoka Africa is excited to see the cross-

pollination of ideas take place and looks forward to increased collaborative opportunities with

Fellows from across the globe.

Partnership with the New Field Foundation

Ashoka and the New Field Foundation entered into a partnership in 2009 to create a dynamic

forum to bring together rural West African women with local leaders from business, civil

society, and government sectors. A proposed “Think Tank” will focus on challenges faced by

rural women and will develop a mosaic of solutions to identify leading rural women

entrepreneurs and build a framework to enable Ashoka and New Field Foundation to deepen

their engagement with women in remote areas. The New Field Foundation-Ashoka partnership

will offer a fellowship to strong, committed, and entrepreneurial women, support collaborations

that emerge from the proposed Think Tank, and elect a new Fellow working to solve a key

challenge faced by rural women in the Sahel. Think Tank members will be integrated in Ashoka‟s

process of selecting and electing new Fellows. This effort to unite rural women with local

leaders from a wide range of sectors will enable a crucial dialogue to take place and ultimately

affect real social change. The collaboration will promote idea-sharing between otherwise

separated groups in West Africa and build an essential framework to deepen Ashoka‟s and New

Field Foundation‟s engagement with women in rural areas.


Highlights of Achievement In Southern Africa

This has been an eventful year for Ashoka Southern Africa, which continues to work to spread

the message of innovation through social entrepreneurship and engage with various partners to

ensure that the mission is achieved.

Ashoka has continued to build the citizen sector through our Fellowship Program and Citizen

Base Initiative in a region where civil society is in need of innovation and a strong voice. Ashoka

successfully convened and strengthened partnerships in the citizen sector, particularly around

rural development. Two well-attended and insightful Roundtable Discussions on Rural

Innovation and Farming resulted in the broadening of Ashoka‟s network of rural development

partners and a strong pool of candidates for the Rural Innovation and Farming cohort of Ashoka

Fellows.

New Southern African Fellows In July 2009, Ashoka‟s International Board confirmed the election of Nora Tager, Ashley

Westaway and Munya Saruchera as new Southern African Ashoka Fellows working in rural

innovation and agriculture.

Youth Venture Ashoka is fostering a culture of social entrepreneurship in South Africa through Youth Venture

by young people to experience the transformative effect of taking initiative and creating social

change in their communities. With South Africa‟s large and growing population of youth, Youth

Venture is in high demand in 3 of South Africa‟s most populous provinces. In 2009, Ashoka

launched 100 teams of ventures, and is building a network of young changemakers throughout

the country. The youth ventures address all areas of social need: health, environment, diversity,

education, youth, and civic engagement. Ashoka partnered with Nike, the Project Peoples

Foundation and the Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy for Girls to produce groups of

community focused young people who are initiating social change in the disadvantaged

communities where they live.

Citizen Base Initiative Ashoka enjoys a successful partnership with the Mott Foundation, which supports our Citizen

Base Initiative program (CBI). Ashoka launched CBI in Southern Africa to invest in organizations

that have developed innovative approaches to building a local base of support for their work.

This year CBI offered:

Exchanges among CBI‟s investees to learn about each other‟s projects,

Peer-to-Peer Mentorship: Mentoring opportunities from successful organizations to

start ups on mobilizing resources and strategies for sustainability,

Learning Circles or group trainings for CBI investees. A total of 47 participants from 24

different organizations attended the Learning Circles offered in 2009. A blog was set up


to ascertain participants‟ understanding of the topic ahead of the sessions and continued

after the sessions to allow for post-session discussions and continued sharing. These

Learning Circles were hosted in East London and in Durban, South Africa after a

detailed feasibility study identifying the following areas of need:

(Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment) BBBEE compliance and the citizen

sector

Sustainable partnerships – particularly with private and government sectors in

the face of the global financial crisis

Steps to achieving internal scalability of resources and unique offering

Ashoka Fellows Kovin Naidoo and Lesley Ann Foster provided live case studies on their

successes and learning curves in their own organizations.

In 2010 the CBI program will be partnering with Fellow Mike Batley and will provide

capacity building training to new start up organizations in the Limpopo Province of

South Africa. This is a primarily rural province with very limited resources and Ashoka is

pleased to extend its resources and services to this area of the country.

Ashoka believes that creative resourcing and self-financing are critical elements to building an

organization‟s sustainability and to changing the citizen sector as a whole.

Fellow Awards and Public Recognition Ashoka Fellows are recognized leaders in their fields. Such recognition is often well documented

and publically celebrated, as demonstrated by the recent awards and successes of our Fellows as

seen below:

Hamadou Tidiane Sy of Senegal and his organization Ouestaf received, for the second

consecutive year, the prize of "Best Portal" at the UEMOA Netcom Awards, 2009.

Bright Simons from Ghana and Joseph Adelegan from Nigeria, were recognized as a

2009 Tech Laureates by the Tech Museum. Dr. Adelegan won $50,000 for the Intel

Environment Award.

Kim Kieser from South Africa participated in the Beahrs Environmental Leadership

Program at UC Berkeley and also was invited to attend the Clinton Global Initiative.

Ndeye Dague from Senegal was appointed the Manager of the Support for the

Protection of People with Disabilities in the Ministry for Social Action.

Haidar El Ali of Senegal has gained significant media attention for his successes in

planting 35 million trees to fight against erosion in southern Senegal.

Dr. Gladys Kalema-Zikusoka from Uganda was featured on PBS Frontline World for

her exceptional work in environmental conservation.

South African Fellow Lesley Ann van Selm won the Southern Africa Social

Entrepreneurship „Pinnacle‟ Award.


Lesley Ann Foster from South Africa won the Southern Africa Social Entrepreneurship

„Women Social Entrepreneur‟ Award.

Ashoka Fellows, David Kuria, Dr. Joseph Adelegan and Trevor Mulaudzi were featured

at the National Press Club as they spoke on their revolutionary approach to solving the

global sanitation crisis:

http://www.flickr.com/photos/wateradvocates/sets/72157614159680504/

http://news.yahoo.com/s/oneworld/20090302/wl_oneworld/world3605681236017508

The Impact of Ashoka Fellows in Africa On an annual basis, Ashoka conducts a survey of our Fellows 5 and 10 years after their election

date to determine whether they have passed the institution-building stage and have matured to

achieving major systemic impact. Recent Ashoka‟s Measuring Effectiveness Studies found that

Ashoka Fellows in Africa are accelerating social change with exceptional speed and recognition:

81 % have had their model replicated by other groups

100% report influencing government policy at the local or state level (73% have

influenced policy at the national level)

88% are still working on their original idea

93% of Fellows report that Ashoka has had a critical or significant impact on their work

Ashoka also conducted Case Studies on particularly successful Fellows to learn from their

strategies for creating social change. This year studies were conducted on 6 outstanding African

Fellows from South Africa, Uganda and Kenya in which several dimensions of social change were

closely studied. Research was conducted to determine how successful each of these Fellows has

been in creating an environment that will foster changemakers. Furthermore, the case studies

provide an opportunity to determine how the Fellows are using the Ashoka network as well as

creating and participating in a network of their own. 2009 Case Studies are available upon request.

Conclusion

Ashoka hopes that this report has demonstrated the tremendous impact that your investment

has had on the growth of social entrepreneurship in Africa in FY09. Your support of Ashoka

Africa has proven invaluable in fortifying the community of African innovators. As evidenced by

Ashoka‟s recent achievements, Ashoka Africa possesses a wealth of knowledge and experience

in catalyzing the work of Africa‟s leading social entrepreneurs and helping them succeed by

leveraging our local and international and resources. Ashoka is grateful for your help and we

look forward to a continued partnership in bringing lasting social change to the African people.

http://www.flickr.com/photos/wateradvocates/sets/72157614159680504/

http://news.yahoo.com/s/oneworld/20090302/wl_oneworld/world3605681236017508


Appendix A:

New African Fellows Elected in 2009 East Africa:

Ann Njogu, Kenya, Senior Fellow

Ann Njogu has been a serial innovator in the effort to end sexual and gender based

violence in Kenya. Organizing grassroots campaigns to make streets safer and to

push for national legislation aimed at curbing sexual offences both domestic and non-

domestic, Ann has led advances in the field over the past decade.

Farouk Jiwa, Kenya, Senior Fellow

Farouk has shown how to sustainably increase the income levels of farming

communities throughout East Africa. Frustrated with inefficiencies of traditional

development models, he combines the business savvy with NGO outreach and

training, helping small farmers expand their sources of income through beekeeping

and other practices, building one of the largest social enterprises in Africa.

Florence Wambugu, Kenya, Senior Fellow

Florence is building the scientific and social infrastructure to deliver cutting-edge

scientific solutions to poor farmers throughout Africa. Most biotechnology

research is focused on large-scale commercial farms, so smaller farms are especially

in need of research. Over half a million farmers have benefited directly in Kenya

alone and the system she has built is transforming agriculture on the African

continent.

Ingrid Munro, Kenya, Senior Fellow

Ingrid Munro founded Jamii Bora, a microfinance organization that provides

business and housing loans, health and life insurance, and business education to the

urban poor and slum dwellers in Nairobi. Today, it is the largest and fastest

growing microfinance institution in East Africa and has created a platform for an

integrated economic and social movement transforming the lives of slum dwellers.

Dr. Moses Kizza Musaaazi, Kenya, Fellow

Moses is addressing the indignity and social exclusion and rate of absenteeism of

school girls in rural and poor urban communities by creating access to affordable

sanitary pads and adequate sanitation to help them manage their menstruation

cycles.

Vincent Bagiire, Uganda, Fellow

Vincent is using his expertise in communications to help small rural farmers in

Uganda use high technology to share knowledge across regions and ethnic

boundaries.


West Africa:

Annette Mbaye d’Eerneville, Senegal, Senior Fellow

Annette was the first professional female journalist in Senegal. She has been a

strong advocate for decolonization, women‟s rights, and Pan-Africanism. Her latest

project, Le Musée de la Femme Henriette Bathily, on the island of Goree in the

harbor of Dakar, was the first women‟s museum in Africa.

Dialia Keita, Mali, Fellow

Dialia, repatriated during the 2002 Côte d‟Ivoire civil war, is proving that with the

right training and network, women repatriated to Mali can use the knowledge and

experience they gained outside to transform the rural agricultural economy.

Jennifer Dordor, Ghana, Fellow

Helping small communities engage in larger markets, Jennifer teaches rural women

to think beyond subsistence farming and use abundant, underutilized local resources

to create and sell consumer products that have previously been outsourced.

Joachim Ezeji, Nigeria, Fellow

Joachim has built and trained a network of „water entrepreneurs‟ to manufacture,

distribute, and service basic water filters that he created using local plants that act

as bactericides in lieu of chlorine.

Ladji Niangane, Mali, Senior Fellow

Ladji has introduced innovations in sustainable irrigation, diversifying crops, and

improving local incomes and health indices. His integrated network of

knowledgeable farmers works together to increase farm productivity, protect the

Senegal River, and respond to environmental threats like climate change.


Southern Africa:

Ashley Westaway, South Africa, Fellow

Ashley is revitalizing local farming industries ruined by forced evictions during

Apartheid, reestablishing dispossessed land and leveraging available community

resources, such as local student populations, in the development of vibrant

economies.

Munya Saruchera, South Africa, Fellow

Munya, an environmental activist and scholar, is building a network of integrated

home seed banks to preserve vital crop varieties in South Africa and revitalize food

sources and culture.

Nora Tager, South Africa, Fellow

A trained social worker, Nora is helping communities in “black labor pool” areas

become self-sustaining again by establishing PEACE centers that connect rural

farmers with markets and with each other.


Ashoka Africa would like to particularly thank our major

FY09 Investors:

ABSA Capital

Amy Stein

The Elysium Foundation

The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

Harry Roels

Henry E Niles Foundation

Laura Foote

ASN Member Maneesh Gargi

Mott Foundation

Nike

Vallavbhai & Savitaben Patel Foundation

The Marie and Alain Philippson Foundation

Project People Foundation

Foundation Roviralta


Contact Information for Ashoka Staff in Africa:

Bill Carter

Africa Diamond Leader

[email protected]

1700 North Moore Street | Suite 2000

Arlington, VA 22209-1939

T: (202) 374-5545

F: (703) 527-8383

Leila Akahloun

Africa Diamond Integrator

[email protected]

5th Floor, West Wing | Oak park

352 Oak Avenue | Randburg | Johannesburg

T: + 27 11 326 2736

F: + 27 11 326 2704

Vernie Chetty- Henson

[email protected]

Southern Africa Regional Representative

5th Floor, West Wing | Oak park

352 Oak Avenue | Randburg | Johannesburg

T: + 27 11 326 2736

F: + 27 11 326 2704

Nassir Katuramu and Abu Musuuza

East Africa Program Managers

[email protected]

Natu Court| Block E-40 | Ngong Road| Ring Road Junction

Nairobi | Kenya

T: +253 20 386 1981

Coumba Touré

Ashoka Sahel Representative

[email protected]

BP 86 A Kati Koko

Cite El Farako Same commune 3

Bamako | Mali

T: +223 76 59 91 32

mailto:[email protected]





Ashoka African Annual Report 2009

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