Aseema december 2014

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IN THIS ISSUE

The Internet War

War on TerrorismKey Role for ‘Modi-fied’ India

Full-scale Flare-up in Cyberspace

Gen. Zorawar Singh acceded Ladakh to J&K6

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21

23

15

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11

Water Wars

US Vs BRICS

Damocles Sword Hanging over Asia?

Intra-Continental

Who will Dominate the Future World OrderBRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries are emerging as an important group of nation, and their importance on the world scene is being closely watched by countries with major economic clout, especially the US which doesn’t want “intruders” in its domain.

Conqueror of Northern Frontier

A Visionary Par ExcellenceNation Remembers Eknath Ranade

Pakistan’s Self-destructionTalibanisation Gaining Momentum

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Gurudwara AttackedIntolerance on the rise in Australia

Govt. Without ShacklesTime to Build New Temples of Progressive India

Nehruvian BlundersIndia can neither correct nor forget them

Afghanistan Changing New govt. forging ahead with confidence

From 4 to 47…How Did Amit Shah pull off this victory?

Business SutraDesi Sutras for Modern Business

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6 D E C E M B E R 2014 7D E C E M B E R 2014

• RajuShanbhag

The rules of engagements havechanged.Thebattlesarenolon-ger fought in the battlefields;

they are now fought on computerscreens.Withanewbattalionof cy-bersoldiersinvadingtheinternetlikenever before, governments acrossthe world are getting the ‘digitalshocks’, for which they arewoefullyunprepared.

It’s not as if themoderndayinternetwarsarerestrictedtodevelopednations.IndiaisrightinthemiddleofthiswarfareandevenSaudiArabia, which clampson anything modernand expressive, isusingtheinternettomakeacaseagainstinternet itself!Religious establish-mentsarealsousingthismodernplatformto spread their doc-trines. There is placefor everyone in the in-ternet, and it displaceseveryone.

The US seems to beamongst the nations that hasgraspedthetruepotentialofinter-net in spreading love or hatred. Re-cently, retiredUSGeneral JohnAllencalledupontheUS tobattleagainstISIL on the internet. He said, “It isonlywhenwecontestISIL’spresenceonline, deny the legitimacy of themessageitsendstovulnerableyoungpeople... it isonly then that ISILwilltrulybedefeated.”

JohnAllenisamongthemanysecu-rityexpertswhoareadvisinggovern-ments of their respective countries

to take internet warfare seriously.Unliketraditionalbattlefields,theen-emyonthenetisfaceless,andisnotboundbyboundariesofanynations.Islamist Jihadis have understood itwell. They are using the internet tospread hatred against people otherreligionsandintheprocess,recruitingimpressionableyoungmindstotheir

deviousplans. If theworlddoesnotwake up, it will not long before ISILspreadsitsdigitaltentaclesallacrossthe world and recruit more peoplethanwecanmanage.

ISIL, which, knows the powers ofthe internet, operates a sophisticat-edonlinepresence,postingfrequentpropaganda videos and publishingitsownexpertlydesignedmagazine.

Theyhaveastrongpresenceonso-cial media, which has become animportant recruitment tool to at-tractforeignfighterstotheircause.Their effortsarepayingoff.An in-creasingnumberofEuropeansandAmericansaremakingtheirwaytoSyriatofightwithISIL.

While on the one hand, ISIL hasbeen happy exploiting internet forits gains, not all the Muslims arehappy about it. Khaled al-Shaya,

a top Saudi cleric, believesthat internet has insulted

Prophet MohammadandhascalledIslamiccountriestobanandlegislate againstGoogle. His angererupted after thesearch engine be-hemoth refused totakeoffanallegedlyoffensivevideofromYouTube, a videosharingsiteitowns.The controversy

arose when a videoentitled“TheInnocence

of Muslims”, appearedon YouTube in July 2012,

underthetitlesTheRealLifeofMuhammadandMuhammad

MovieTrailer.Thecontroversywasimminent and it spread far beyondtherealmsofonline.Itstirredupnu-merous demonstrations and violentprotestsinEgyptandthenspreadtootherArabandMuslimcountriesandsome Western countries. The pro-testshavelefthundredsinjuredandled to over 50 deaths. Fatwas havebeenissuedagainstthevideo’spar-ticipantsandaPakistaniministerhasofferedabounty forkillingNakoula,the producer. The film has sparked


The internet has beco

me as essential as food and sleep for the modern youth,

especially for those in the US, China and India. Most of them use it for

gleaning information and communicating with friends and relatives. But, as it happens with modern inventions, its side effects are chilling. For example, recall the video clipping of beheading posted on the internet by the ISI militants. Already, it is war

out there on the internet, with multifa rious groups and interests “on

the net”, propagating their own agenda.



debates about freedom of speechandinternetcensorship.

It’snotasifonlytheMuslimworldis caught up in the internet wars.Evenpopesarenot farbehindwhenitcomestousingtheinternettotheiradvantage. A few years ago, PopeBenedictXVImadehistorybybecom-ing the first pope to send a tweet,andagainbybecomingthefirstpopetoofficiallyjoinTwitter.PopeFrancis,fastbecomingknownasthe“PopeofthePeople”,hasnowfollowedintheirfootsteps.

It has been common knowledgethatnumerousmissionariesworkingacrosstheworldtoconvertmoreandmore people to Christianity are ac-tivelyengagedonline.Theyhavetheirwebsites,theyflocktosocialmediatospreadthewordofGod,andtheydouseTwitterandYouTube tomakethemessageheard.

Back home, internet is as essen-

tialas foodandsleep for the Indianyouth.ThiswasrevealedbyasurveyconductedbyCisco,with95%of re-spondentsstatingthatinternetisanessential part of their lives. India isnowthethirdlargestuserofinternetafter theUSandChina.Notonly theusage, but even the impact of inter-net isbeginning tomanifest inabigway.AlargepartoftheIndianyouthcameaheadtovoteforPrimeMinisterNarendraModi,andcampaigningforModiwasatthepeakonitsinternet.Social causes and important eventsare discussed intensely over theinternet.

Thewarshavealreadybegunoverthe internet. The group that ismostvocalandhasthehighestnumberoftechsavvyuserswillwinit.Andwho-everwinsitwillhaveaveryprominentsayinmattersoftheworldincomingdays.

Battle for the InternetInternet has the potential tochange the course of a society

andtopplegovernments.Thegov-ernments know it. So, there havebeen severe restrictions on inter-netusageinmanycountriesacrosstheworld.Notsurprisingly,nationsthat have oppressive authoritiestopthislist.

Internet is severely restricted inNorth Korea. The country is prob-ablyoneof thehardestplacesonthe planet to tweet from. Accessto computers and mobiles phoneis available to an elite few. MostNorthKoreansonlyhaveaccesstoa state controlled intranet, calledKwangmyong,orBright.

But internet freedom is underthreatevenindevelopedcountriesliketheUKandtheUS,whichhavevery high degree of freedom ofexpression, says Dunja Mijatovic,the representative for freedom ofthemediaforthe56countriesthatmake up the Organisation for Se-curityandCo-operation inEurope(OSCE). TheOSCE is an inter-gov-ernmental grouping that includescountriesacross threecontinents,taking in the EU, Russia and thetransitioncountriesofeasternEu-ropetheUSandCanada.


Intra-Continental

Damocles Sword Hanging over Asia?

The water crisis in South Asia a major concern as it also has implications for the stability the region. The region’s three major rivers is the Indus, Ganges and the Brahmaputra sustain water supplies for China, India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, all of which fall into a region classified as water-stressed, as the population in these countries increases at the rate of 25 million a year.

• PrashanthVaidyaraj

Waterisnowbeingdescribedasthe‘BlueGold’.Thereasonforthisisthatpotable,cleanwaterisbecomingvery scarce.World’spopulation

grewbyafactorof3.8inthe20thcentury,butwateruse in thesameperiodgrewbya factorof9.Today,with the world population crossing the seven-billionmark, it should come as no surprise thatmore thanhalfofhumankindlivesinwater-stressedareas.Thatfigurewillonlyincreasetotwo-thirdsduringthenextdecade.Itissuchanalarmingfuturethatmakeswater

as,ormore,preciousasgold.Construction of extensive dam-building projects

across theTsangpoRiverbyChina,a tributaryof theBrahmaputra, threatens the entire eastern region ofIndia.ThepotentialforconflictisfurtherunderscoredbyChina’sunrivalledglobal statuswhich is also thesourceoftrans-boundarydisputesoverriversthatflowtothelargestnumberofcountries,rangingfromIndiaandVietnamtoRussiaandKazakhstan.Yetafast-ris-ingChinahasdeclined toenter intowater-sharingorcooperativetreatieswithanycountry,includingIndia,evenasittapstheresourcesofinternationalrivers.


An Institute for Defense Studies and Analysis (IDSA) Task Force report suggests that India will become water-stressed by 2025 and water-scarce by 2050.Water shortage will become harder to manage as the region’s population grows by 1.7 per cent yearly, creating more demand for food and causing further climate change.

The Indian concerns over plans todivert the Brahmaputra are not un-warranted. The two components ofthe diversion scheme include theconstruction of the world’s largesthydroelectricplantontheGreatBendof the river on the Tibetan plateau;thesecondisthediversionofthewa-ters northwards across hundreds ofkilometres to China’s northwesternprovinces. Such a projectwould notonlydryup theBrahmaputraafterafew yearsbutwill alsoparch India’sentireNorth-east.

The construction of Baglihar Damin Jammu and Kashmir remains asourceofsignificanttensionbetweenIndiaandPakistan.Thelatterobjectsto it, though India iseligible to con-struct thedamasper the IndusWa-terTreatyof1960.Asper the treaty,IndiaiswithinitsrightstoutilisethewatersoftheIndustofulfilitsneedsfor power generation and drinkingwaterrequirements.Indiahasgener-ouslyagreedtoallocatefour-fifthsofthesix-riverIndussystemtoPakistanin the treaty. Despite such benevo-lence, Pakistan repeatedly accusesIndia of trying to control the flow ofthe Indus, an allegation that Indiahasdismissed.

B.G. Verghese, senior journalist,writerandauthorof‘WatersofHope:Himalayan-Ganga Cooperation for aBillion People’, opines that water isthe latest battle cry not just for thePakistani establishment but for thejihadis too.LastyearaPakistaniex-tremist,AbdurRehmanMakki,toldarallythatifIndiawereto“blockPaki-stan’swaters,wewillletlooseariverofblood.”Likewise,Lashkar-e-Taiba,thePakistaniterrorgroup,hasthreat-enedtoblowupIndia’sdams.Assort-edhardliners in thePakistanimediacheer them on. A horrid editorial inNawa-i-Waqt,aPakistaninewspaper,warned in April 2014 that “Pakistanshould convey to India that awar ispossible on the issue of water andthistimewarwillbeanuclearone.”

On the eastern front, BangladeshhasopposedIndia’splanstodamtheTeestaandBarak rivers in itsnorth-east.DespitesettingupaJointRiver

Commission for water managementas early as 1972, tensions betweenthe countries on how to share re-sources recently came to a head ina dispute over the Teesta River. TheTeesta,thefourthlargestriversharedby India and Bangladesh, also pro-

vides livelihood opportunities for7.3% of the total population of Ban-gladesh, said a report published bytheAsiaFoundation,whichsurveyedboth countries. Fishermen, farmers,boatmen and small traders on bothsidesofthebordersarebeingforcedtochangetheirlivelihoodastheriverstays dry for at least six months ayear. A permanent treaty on sharingoftheTeestaRiverwaterhasevadedthetwoneighbours.

Similarrowsoverwater-sharingarecertaininthefutureasAsiannationsbecomewater scarce and desperateforwateraccess.Maj.Gen.Muniruz-zaman, a Bangladeshi security ex-pert,haspredictedthat“ifevertherewere a localised conflict in SouthAsia,itwillbeoverwater.”

Theeffectsof thiscanbeseenal-ready asweak river flows in severalSouthAsianriversareunabletosub-sidewaste.Theseriverwatersarebe-comingincreasinglyunsafefordrink-ing, cleaning and cropping, whileencouraging parasitic diseases likeNaegleria and deadly viruses suchas dengue. Water tables are drop-pingandthisisevidentastheareasaround the Ganges and the delta ofthe Indus in Pakistan are becomingsemi-deserts. This results in morepumping of groundwater, which in-creasescasesofarsenicpoisoning.

Thegrowingwatershortagecanbe

The Teesta flowing in Bangladesh

Balighar Dam


dealt with by governments collabo-ratingtoimprovewatermanagementand monitoring systems and incul-catesomelifestylechangesinitsre-spective populations. For example,asurvey found that thewaterusageinDelhiisnearlytwiceasmuchasinLondon,becausethesporadicsupplyencouragespeopletostoremoreandalsoleadstoincreasedwasterpilfer-age.Thustheonusisalsoonthegov-ernments to streamlinewater usageand conservation measures in theirrespectivecountries.

As South Asia becomes increas-ingly water scarce, the potential forconflict looms large unless urgencyandwillingness isshownbygovern-mentstocreatemultilateralarrange-ments and practices on inter-basinwatersharing.

Organisations such as the UnitedNations Water Agency and SAARC

have a major role in promoting thisagenda.Diplomaticdialogueaswellas political co-operation is the onlyway forward in the hope of finding

solutions to a problem that has thecapability toescalate toproportionswemaynotbeabletomanage.

China Dam

Chief Minister Siddaramaiah’s petproject, which he had promised

duringtheassemblypolls,theSocialandEducationalSurveyinKarnataka,popularly called the “caste census”,is set to begin in early December.However, the Karnataka Gov-ernment claims that the pur-pose of the census goes be-yondidentifyingthenumericalstrengthofeachcaste.

Apersonbeing surveyed inthecensuscanevenoptnottoidentifyhimself/herselfbyanyreligion or caste. They havetheoptionofidentifyingthem-selves as an ‘atheist’ or say-ingthatthey“donotknow”theirre-ligiousidentityoralsosimplyrefusetostate it.Thereareseparatecodestoenumerateallthesechoices,apartfromthenamesofreligions.

Chairman of the Karnataka StateCommission for Backward ClassesH. Kantharaj said the survey hopesto get an all-round perspective notonly on caste, but also on issuesof

economic, educational, social andpolitical backwardness through anelaborate questionnaire with about53 questions. Enumeration in eachhouseholdwilltake40to45minutes.

The commission website (http://

www.backwardclasses.kar.nic.in)lists 1,065casteswhichare “knowntobeexistinginKarnataka”toserveasa lead,basedonvariousgovern-mentorders, reportsbyearlier com-missionsandEdgarThurston’siconicbook‘CastesandTribesofSouthernIndia’.Anadditional160castenameswerelateraddedbasedonrepresen-tations.Apartfromthis,thereare101

scheduled castes and 50 scheduledtribes.

The enumerators will also ask foralternative names bywhich commu-nitiesareknowninthecourseofthesurvey, so that one caste known by

twonamesindifferentregionsisnotlistedastwocastes.Theywillalsomake special efforts to en-surethathomelessandnomadictribes,whotendtobeatthebot-tom of the scale on social andeducational indicators, are notleftoutofthesurvey.

“Caste Surveys” have beena subject of much debate withequalnumberofpeoplesupport-

ing or opposing it.While thosewhoopposeitareoftheopinionthatsuchsurveys would reinstate the status-quo of the prevalent ‘caste system’,thosewhosupportsaythattheyneedtobeawareoftheirenemybeforetry-ing to vanquish it.Whatevermaybetheresult,itneedstobeseenwheth-erthismammothexercisewouldben-efitanyoneatall.

Karnataka government census enumerates atheists


US Vs BRICSWho will Dominate the Future World Order• Ghanashyam

Today the United States is theonly superpower enjoying alargersayonglobalaffairs,from

environmenttoterrorism,andglobalsecuritytoeconomicpolicies.Butanequal distribution of this power canmaketheworldfarmorelivable. Anincreased role of other large econo-mies, such as China, Russia andIndia canbringabouta cohesiveat-mosphere. This article analyses theunipolar v/s multipolar dynamics,andtherolesBRICcountries(Brazil,Russia,India,ChinaandSouthAfrica)canplayalongsidetheUSandIran.

Today the world order is more orless determined by the size of theeconomyandtheabilitytospreadin-formationaround.Theroleofecono-myiswellunderstoodbutnottheroleof information. Not only politiciansbut also technologists and others

havearoletoplaytomakethisworldabetterplace.

China and Russia are openly chal-lenging the American supremacy,whilethepoorSouthAmericancoun-tryofVenezuelaandMuslimIranareatthesecondrungofopposition.

TheAmericanCenturyisdrawingtoaclose,and theUSDefenceDepart-mentwillhavetobemoreflexiblein

dealingwitha faster-pacedmultipo-lar world, according to the ‘GlobalTrends 2030’ report released in De-cember,2012.

In its annual report, the NationalIntelligenceCouncil(NIC)predictsanendtotheWesternsupremacy,citingtherisingeconomicprowessofAsiancountries.By2030,according to theCouncil,AsiawillsurpasstheWestin

BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries are emerging as an important group of nation, and their importance on the world scene is being closely watched by countries with major economic clout, especially the US which doesn’t want “intruders” in its domain. The US would like to have a unipolar world, while BRICS aims at a multipolar world. In taking important decisions on issues confronting the world, the US is taking the lead, witness what is happening in the Middle East, and terming Vladimir Putin as “New Hitler”.


gross domestic production, popula-tion, military spending and technol-ogyinvestment.

Ifthisoccurs,Chinawouldbecometheworld’slargesteconomy,withIn-diaandBrazilclosebehind.Otherris-ing nations could include Colombia,Indonesia,Nigeria,SouthAfricaandTurkey,whileRussia, Europeand Ja-pancouldcontinuetheirdeclines.

That means Asia will decide howthe world should behave. “Enabledby communications technologies,powerwillshifttowardsmultifacetedand amorphous networks that willform to influence state and globalactions,” the report says. Countriesunable to understand or use thesenewtechnologies“willnotbeabletopunchtheirweight.”

NICpredictsthat“demandforfood,

waterandenergywillgrowbyapprox-imately35,40and50percentrespec-tively.”

BRICS Phenomenon The BRICSmembers are all devel-

oping or newly industrialised coun-tries, but they are distinguished bytheir large, fast-growing economiesandsignificant influenceon regionaland global affairs. BRICS will incor-porate other global South Asian na-tionsinthenearfuture.BRICScoun-tries represent almost three billionpeople, which is 40% of the worldpopulation,withacombinednominalGDPofUS$16.039trillion(20%worldGDP)andanestimatedUS$4 trillionincombinedforeignreserves.

Smaller countries, such as Egypt,

Argentina, Iran, Nigeria, Syria, andmost recently Bangladesh, have ex-pressed an interest in joining theBRICS.

The BRICS countries have longbeen considered a threat to theUS-led unipolar world. So, according toexperts, theUS is bound to counterBRICS–mostprobablythroughinfor-mationcampaign.

Today the United States is doingeverythingitcantodemoniseRussiaover its dispute with Ukraine. Rus-sian President Vladimir Putin is la-belledasthe“NewHitler”.

A furious ‘information war’ hasbeenlaunchedagainstBrazilianPres-identDilmaRousseff.TheWallStreetJournalanditsmediaalliesarebusycharacterisingtheBrazilianeconomyas“statist”.

US Plans to Dominate the WorldThe ‘JointVision2020’of theUS

Defense Department is talkingofgaining what iscalls ‘full-spec-trum dominance’ of the world byraisingtheabilityof itsmilitarysoastomakeitoperatealone,orwithallies,todefeatanyadversaryandcontrolanysituationglobally.

Thewaytoachievethisisthroughinvestinganddevelopingnewmili-tarycapabilities.“Tobuildthemosteffectiveforcefor2020,wemustbefullyjoint:intellectually,operation-ally, organizationally, doctrinallyandtechnically,”thereportstates.New equipment and technologicalinnovation are cited as important,more important is having trainedpeople who understand and canexploitthesenewtechnologies.

Thejointforcemustwinoverthefull range of conflict, be preparedtoworkwithalliesandco-operatewith other US and internationalagencies.

‘Joint Vision 2020’ addresses

full-spectrum dominance acrosstherangeofconflictsfromnuclearwartomajortheaterwarstosmall-er-scale contingencies. It also ad-dressesamorphoussituations likepeacekeepingandnon-combathu-manitarian relief. Key to US domi-nance in any conflict will be whatthechairmancalls“decisionsupe-riority” -- translating informationsuperiority into better decisionsarrivedat and implemented fasterthan an enemy can react. The de-velopment of a global informationgrid will provide the environmentfordecisionsuperiority.

Innovation has al-ways been the hall-mark of the Americanmilitary. In 2020, thisnative American tal-ent will be even moreimportant. Normallyapplied to communi-cations and materiel,“interoperability” inthe military became

a catchword in the 1970s, whenit became apparent that many ofthe NATO allies could not operatewitheachother.‘JointVision2020’expands the term to include thedevelopment of joint doctrine andinformation sharing. ‘Joint Vision2020’isablueprint.Whilemanyofits facets could come true, not allwill.Changesintheworldorchang-es in America may render somepoints moot. ‘Joint Vision 2020’carriesonsomeof the recommen-dationstotransformtheUSmilitaryfrom‘JointVision2010’.


ThereisapossibilityoftheUSim-posingsanctionsonChinaforits“ag-gressive”positionintheSouthChinaSea,orHongKong,orTibet.Youcan-not rule out similar sanctions on In-diaandBrazilas theWesternmediabelievethat India isviolatinghumanrights in Kashmir and Brazil is de-stroyingAmazonjungles.

The Danish Defense IntelligenceService (DDIS)has recently reportedsighting a Russian submarine in itswaters and fighter jets andmissileson the islandofBornholm.DDISdidnot disclose any concrete details ofitssightings.PointingtotheRussianmilitaryexerciseovertheBalticSea,itwentontotheextentofpredicting“a new frozen Europeanwar” in the

nextfewyears.Alarmed by such claims, Vladi-

mirDavydov,directorof theRussianAcademy of Sciences’ Institute ofLatin America, remarked: “The cur-rent situation shows that there areattempts to suppress not only Rus-siabutalsotheBRICS,giventhattheglobal role of this association hasonlyintensified.”

Maybeit istruethatthepost-ColdWar world is bound to remain im-menselyvolatile.

Countries today aiming for truemultipolar world should revise theirprioritiesandstarttoseriouslycom-peteontheinformationalfield,ratherthan focus just on economic issues.Powertodayisallamatterofpercep-

tionandtheUSisstilltheunmatchedmaster of this game.Wewon’t haveanytrulymultipolarworlduntilotherplayerswith comparable skills enterthegame.

The US is not really bothered bycountries bypassing it in their busi-nesses,butitstartstogetnervousiftheyusecurrenciesotherthandollarsfor their tradeand it reallygetsmadwhen important non-aligned newsnetworks appear on the informationchessboard,whichsoundsquiteoddgiventhatfreedomofpressisacen-tral point of American modern my-thology.Butnonon-US-alignedinfor-mationsource is in fact jeopardisingtheirmonopolyofreality.Thatiswhythey would need to demonise the

Controlling InformationTotal Information Awareness (TIA) was a pro-

grammeoftheUSInformationAwarenessOffice.ItwasoperatedfromFebruaryuntilMay2003,beforebeingrenamedastheTerrorismInformationAware-nessProgramme.Basedontheconceptofpredictivepolicing, TIA aimed to gather detailed informationaboutindividualsinordertoanticipateandpreventcrimesbeforetheyarecommitted.AspartofeffortstowintheWaronTerror,theprogrammesearchedforallsortsofpersonalinformationinthehuntforter-rorists around the globe. Although theprogrammeisnotcontinuingofficially,dataminingsoftware isbeingadoptedbyothergovernmentagencies.

TheTIAprogrammeobjectiveistocreateacoun-ter-terrorism information system that increases in-formation coverageandmake it scalable,providesfocusedwarningswithin an hour after a triggeringevent, supports collaboration,analytical reasoningforhypothesis, testandproposetheoriesandmiti-gatingstrategies.

As a “virtual, centralised, grand database”, thescopeofsurveillanceincludes,amongothers,cred-

it card purchases, magazine subscriptions, webbrowsing histories, academic grades, bank depos-its,passportapplications,driver’s licences, toll re-cords, judicial records,divorce records,etc.Healthinformation collectedby TIA includedrugprescrip-tions,medicalrecordsandindividualDNA.

Hollywood is themost amazing propagandama-chineeverseeninthisworld.Hollywoodisexportingbillionsofbrainsworldwidethehollywoodisticstan-dardsfortheunderstandingofreality,whichincludebutarenotlimitedtothewayofthinking,behaving,dressing,whattoeatanddrink,uptohowtoexpressyourdissent.Yes,Hollywoodisevenabletoinstructus on how exactly to express our dissent againsttheAmericanWayofLife.Justtonameoneexample(butthereareplenty),Westerndissidentsfrequentlywouldquote thefilm“Matrix”when referring toaninvisiblenetworkofcontroluponourlives,butevenMatrix ispartof thematrix -- if Imayput this inacomicway.Here is thehollywoodisticpackagingoftheprocessofourunderstandingthatweliveinade-ceptiveworld.


competitorsand label themasanti-American or worse. However, oftennon-alignedjournalistsornewspub-lishersarejustanun-Americanreal-ity, not necessarily anti-American.But in the eyes of US hegemonists,any un-American information is bydefinition anti-American, since theconsistency of their empire reliesmostofallontheirmonopolyoftheperceived reality. Remember KarlRove’squote.

Thus, non-US-aligned countries,which really aim at a multipolarworld, have no choice but to learnfromtheiradversaryandactaccord-ingly. Beyond the creation of theirownstateoftheartnewsnetworks,they should also begin to providesubstantial support to independentinformation in countries where thenews is currently US-dominated. In-dependent journalists, writers andresearchersinWesterncountriesto-dayaredoingtheirworkmerelyoutofcivicpassion,oftenunpaidandatthecost of public mockery, social mar-ginalisation and economic struggle.Vilified in their own countries andgettingzerohelpfromcountrieswhosupposedlyareaimingtoescapeUSdomination,thisisnotagoodbegin-ningfortheendofUSFullSpectrumDominance.

Controlling Global News FlowTheUSalsohascontroloverthe

mainstream news worldwide,theCIAhaving infiltratedmostofthe networks which count. Ger-man journalist Udo Ulfkotte whoworked for “Frankfurter Allge-meine Zeitung”, one of the mainGerman newspapers, recentlyconfessedinhisbest-sellingbook“Gekaufte Journalisten” to havebeenpaidby theCIA foryears tomanipulatenews,andthatthisisquitecommonintheGermanme-dia. We can safely assume thatthisisalsoverycommoninothercountries.Thisglobalgriponme-diaallowstheUStodominatethewarofperceptiontoanextentthatallows them easily to turn whiteintoblackintheeyesofthepub-lic. It was amazing how the US-controlled Europeanmedia couldtwist facts during the recent cri-ses inUkraine. TheNazi-infectedjuntaofKiev,whichcametopowerwithacoup,wasabletobombandkill their own citizens formonthswhile the Western media wouldalways depict them as the good

side-whileatthesametimePutinwould be portrayed as the ‘NewHitler’fornoreality-basedreason.

Mostoftheinformationcirculat-ingintheworldtodayisprocessedby computers running US-basedoperatingsystems(MicrosoftandApple), while people -- includingthosewhoopposetheUS--com-municate with each others viaCIA-controlled Facebook, Gmail,andsoon.

There are already a few casesof non-US-aligned news serviceswithexcellentqualityandtheam-bition of a global audience, andthemostnotableareRussiaTodayand Iranian Press TV. But that’sstill barely nothing comparedwith the ongoing tsunami of US-aligned audio-visual informationwhich streams around the globe24 hours a day. Russia Today isnow planning to develop alsochannels in French and German.That’sprogress,butstill far fromenough.

(ResearchsupportfromMediaSyndicate)

Aspecial court in Bangladesh hasannounced death sentence to aseniormemberof thecountry’s larg-estIslamistparty.It isacapitalsen-tenceforatrocitiescommittedin1971independencewaragainstPakistan.

But the sentence was not withouta drama. As soon as the sentencewas pronounced, Mir Quasem Ali,theaccused,protested.Hecalledthewitnesseswho testified against him“fake”. 62-year-old Quasem Ali is amemberofJamaat-e-Islamandiscon-sidered to be one of the party’s topfinanciers.

AccordingtoBangladesh,Pakistanisoldiersandlocalcollaboratorshave

killed three million people duringthe nine-monthwar. About 200,000womenwererapedandabout10mil-lionpeople forced toflee to refugee

campsinIndia.The tribunal found Ali guilty on

eight charges, two of which carrieddeathsentence,includingtheabduc-tionandmurderofayoungmaninatorture cell. Ali was also sentencedto 72 years in prison on the othercharges.Hislawyerssaidtheywouldappeal.

Bangladesh’s Prime MinisterSheikhHasinahascalledthetrialsalongoverdueeffort toobtain justicefor war crimes, four decades afterBangladesh split from Pakistan. Butcriticssayshe isusing the tribunalsto weaken the country’s oppositionparties.

Mir Quasem Ali Gets Death Sentence


• RakeshKumarSharma

By the time he was killed witha fireball high in the moun-tainrangesofTibetinfreezing

weather, General Zorawar Singh thelegendary soldier who won all butthe final battle he fought between1830and1840’s,hadcarriedouthisassignment. His army had capturedmuchofNorthwestFrontier,fromLa-dakh to Tibet. His prowess did notgounnoticed.Evenhisownenemiesbuiltamemorialinhisnameinrecog-nitionofhisvalor.

ZorawarSinghwasborn in thevil-lage of Anasara in the Kangra Dis-trictofHimachalPradesh,inApril13,1786.Hewasonly20yearsoldwhenheunderwentmilitarytraininginJam-mu. Son of a Chandravanshi Rajputfamily,ZorawarsignedinasasoldierforDograKingRajaGulabSingh.

Gulab Singh put him in charge ofguarding the Reasi Fort. His skill inbattle faced its first test when thefort was attacked by Dewan Singh,whowastherulerofJammu.Thougharmed with a few soldiers. Zorawarchased back Dewan Singh’s army

and,inreturn,wasrewardedwiththepositionofInspectorofCommissariatinchargeofsuppliesforallthefortsinNorthJammu.

InKishtwar,heputinplaceseveralfiscaland judiciary reformsand thatprompted the king to promote himto the governorship of Kishtwar andKussul.LaterHewasgiventhetitleof‘Wazir’inKishtwar.

Conquest of Ladakh In 1834, the Dogras attempted to

captureLadakhwhichwasthendivid-

Conqueror of Northern FrontierGen. Zorawar Singh acceded Ladakh to J&K

The Statue of Gen. Zorawar Singh in Jammu

16 D E C E M B E R 2014

ed intoninedistricts.WazirZorawarSingh mobilised an army of 5000men, pulling together youths fromKishtwar,Jammuandsurroundingar-eas.SoonhisarmyrumbledthroughtheSuruRiverValleyandcapturedLa-dakh,defeatingthearmyledbyCom-manderBakra-Sis.

A month later, the Ladakhis hitback,withacontingentof5,000sol-diersconfrontingZorawar’smenonahillyterrain.ZorawarretainedcontrolofSuruValley,pushingtheLadakhisfurther up towards Pashkyam. Theweeklong pitched battle endedwiththedeathoftheLadakhicommander.

But Gyalpo, then the King of La-dakh, took on board the soldiers ofthefallencommanderandwentafterZorawar’s army. With just 500 sol-diers,Zorawarkeptonmarch-ingdeeperintothearmyterri-toryandsoonhetookcontrolof Sud Fort, defeating the4,000- strong Ladakhi army.TheLadakhicommandersuedfor peace, but Queen Zi-Ziturneddowntheproposal.

ByApril,1835,theLadakhishadmobilisedahugearmyof22,000 men. Yet their fortsfelltoZorawarSinghoneafteranother. HeaccededLadakhto Gyalpo Tsepal as a vassalstateoftheDograKingdom.

But repeated uprisings inthe following months forcedhim to annex Ladakh to thekingdomofJammu.

InNovember1839,ZorawarSingh bolstered his armysigningupmoresoldiersfromthe defeated Ladakh armyandwent furtheruptheroadtoacquireBaltistan,amoun-tain region about 2,000 feetabovethesealevel.

The Balti kingdom had eight dis-tricts. Ahmad Shah was the mostpowerful ruler who was controllingthe central districts of Skardu. Bynow the Rajas of Kartaksha, Tolti,Khaplu,KurrusandmanyothershadsurrenderedtotheGeneral.AfterthevictoryofThomakhonandoccupationofSkardu,Baltistanhadbeenpracti-

callyconqueredbyZorawarSingh.Bythesummerof1840,hehadcapturedall the valleysandheightsofBaltis-tanandmergedthemintotheJammukingdom.

Conquest of Tibet General Zorawar Singh’s next and

lastmilitaryexpeditionwasthecon-quest of thewestern Tibetan regioncalled Nari or Naris, bordering theeasternfrontierofLadakh.ByJune5,1841,hehadmovedhisarmy to theoutskirts of western Tibet. His force

consistedofDograsofJammuandBaltiandLadakhis.

HefirstcapturedtheTibet-anDistrictofRudokandthenGartok, the provincial head-quarters of western Tibet. InAugust 1841, after theDograarmy defeated the Tibetanforce ledby itsgovernor, theTibetans fled to Taklokot,leaving room for ZorawarSinghtoexpandhisempiretoMayam-LaPass.

The indefatigable generalcontinued his conquest ofTibet in the winter too. Hemarched towards Taklakot.The Dogra force under BastiRamwassenttooccupyTakla-kot,followingwhichtheTibet-anGeneralPishiwithdrewhisforcestotheothersideoftheMayam-La pass. On Septem-ber 6, 1841, with the Dograscapturing Taklakot. ZorawarSingh’s conquest of westernTibetwasnowcomplete.

Bynow,yearsoffightinghadtakenits toll on Zorawar’s army, and thefreezingtemperatureandlessvisibil-ityhamperedtheirmovement.Duringmid-winter, in October 1841, TibetanforcesledbyMinisterKahlonSakhangsurroundedDograsfromallsides.

TheTibetanarmy,threetimeslarg-er,defeatedZorawar’s ina seriesof

Gen. Zorawar Singh had mastered the art of winning wars, because he won almost every battle he fought. The greatest of all his achievements was acceding Ladakh to Jammu and Kashmir. Zorawar Singh is the only Indian general who conquered territories beyond the Indian subcontinent. Even his enemies, the Tibetans, admired his valour and built a memorial in his honour.

Gen. Zorawar Singh

16 D E C E M B E R 2014

battles across themountain ranges. Zorawar SinghthoughtofcedinghisTibetanterritoryuptoChi-Tangand join his lieutenant Basti Ram. But the TibetanshadblockedalltheroadsleadingtoBastiRam.InDe-cember,ZorawarSinghdividedhisarmyintofiveunitsto fight the Tibetans. Theplan failed as the Tibetanarmywasover10,000strongoraboutthreetimesthesizeofDogras.ZorawarSinghthenmovedtowardsTo-Yo.OnDecember12,1841,theenemiescaughtupwithhim.Hefelloffhishorsehavingbeenhitbyafireball.Buthecontinuedtofighttillhislastbreath.

ZorawarSinghwasvictoriouseveninhisdefeat.TheTibetans were so impressed by his valour that theybuiltamemorialinTo-Yoandscrawled“SinghkaChor-tan”onit.Thisisauniqueinstanceofitskindinhis-torythatamemorialwaserectedforagallantenemy.

Gen.SirACunninghamwrites,“TheIndiansoldiersofZorawarSinghfoughtunderverygreatdisadvantag-es.Thebattlefieldwasupwardsof15,000feetabovetheseaandmid-winterwheneven theday tempera-tureneverrisesabovethefreezingpoint.ForseveralnightstheIndiantroopshadbeenexposedtoallthebitternessoftheclimate.Manyhadlosttheirfingers,toesandallweremoreorlessfrostbitten.Onthelastfataldaynotonehalfofmencouldhandlearms.”

AccordingtoA.H.Francke,“Wecannothelpadmir-ingthegreatnessinthisman.Inthebeginningofhisconquests he was extremely cautious in his move-ments.Ashehadakeeneyeforthedefeatsofhisen-emy,andwasagreatstrategist,allotherdifficultieswereovercome.”

InthewordsofhistoriananddiplomatK.M.Panik-kar,hewasindeed“asoldierwhoseachievementsIn-diacouldjustlybeproudof.”ZorawarSinghhasleftapermanentmark inhistory.HisgreatestcontributionwastheconquestandconsolidationofLadakh,Baltis-tan and the surrounding area which now constitutethenorthernfrontierofIndia.Hisgreatnesswillshinethrough the passages of Indian history as that of agreatnoblewarrior.

(The author is Assistant Professor, Department of History,

General Zorawar Singh College, Hamirpur, HP)

D E C E M B E R 2014


• Col(Retd)KaranKharb

The worsening security scenarioof the world warrants a reviewof the terror climate so that

pragmatic strategic options can beexploredandfoundnotonlytochaseandkillterroristsbutalsotoaddressthe problem in a holistic manner. It

is not enough to locate and destroythe frontline pawns of terror. Rootsof terrorhavenot yetbeen touched.The strategy must encompasswaysandmeansthatwoulddiscour-age, suppress and finally reversethe trend of violence throughmulti-pronged intervention including theroots.

West Asia – the Cradle of Terrorism

It is now clear to everyone in theworld how mass uprisings againstthe autocratic regimes in West AsiaandNorth Africa in the recent yearshave only precipitated the inevita-ble. The cascading course of these

War on TerrorismKey Role for ‘Modi-fied’ India

‘India has a greater responsibility in the war against terrorism for two reasons. One, having suffered from the malaise for decades, India is the prime victim of terror. Two, India’s Muslim

population is more than the total population of Pakistan from where terrorism continues to flow in. Therefore, it is India’s right as well as responsibility to assume a bigger and more direct role

in the global effort against terrorism.’


uprisings had markings of a revolu-tion, people’s quest for liberty anddemocratic and people-powered re-gimes. The tumultuous movement,however,hasgoneawrygivingwaytoforcesofanarchyandultra-violentex-tremisminthenameofIslam.Where-aspeoplehadaspiredforpeaceandprosperity and looked for freedomfrom self-serving despotic rulers,theyfoundthemselvesinutterchaosandbedlam.Itisacaseoftheprover-bial fall from the fryingpan into thefire – and the fire has continued toragefromLibyatoSyria,AfghanistantoUkraineandbeyond.

Whilemostof theArabworldcon-tinues to squirm under turmoil, or-ganisationslikeAl-Qaeda,Al-ShababandBokoHaramhavealreadyestab-lishedtheirphysicalcontroloverter-ritories inYemen,SomaliaandNige-ria respectively. The ISIS has grownratherfastandevenmoremenacinglyseizing territories and publicly ex-ecuting innocent civilians en-masse.Theyhavenotshiedfrompostingonthe socialmedia horrific video clipsof hapless journalists and socialworkers being savagely beheadedby masked killers. Display of gore,gloomandhorrorseems tobeade-signtoinduceshockandpanicinthepublic,horrifymediaviewersandkillresistance achieving thereby instantand absolute surrender of the terri-fiedmasses.

Significantly, ISIS already hasraisedan ‘army’of itsown from theremnants of Saddam Hussein loyal-ists. Italsohassomearmouredandartillery units of the previous Iraqiregime. Abu Bakr al Baghdadi, theISISchiefandself-appointedCaliph,has under his control large swathesof Syrian and Iraqi territory as hisCaliphate - an IslamicState (IS).Hisexpressdreamsare “to capture andconvert the entire world into an Is-lamicState.”

The end result of the air strikesbeing currently undertaken bythe coalition forces will be knownonly after the operations are over.Nevertheless, going by the prec-edents it would be reasonable to

assume that the ISIS will regroupandre-emerge ina refurbishedformhereorelsewhereinduecourse.

India – the Next Chapter of Jihad!

India figures among the top prior-ity targets of most of these outfits.Charge sheets filed by NIA in NewDelhi against five jihadis capturedrecentlyrevealexistenceofanAfPakbased outfit called ‘Ansarul TawhidfiBiladalHind’ (AuT).AuThasbeenhobnobbing with ISIS and planningtounleashan Iraq-Syria like jihad inIndia, a threat that draws credencefrom ISIS Chief Abu Bakr al Bagh-dadi’s video call for jihad in India.Obviously, India is the designatednext chapterof jihad.Socio-politicalenvironmentwithin the country pro-videsinherentprotectionforincubat-ing and raising dedicated terrorists.TherecentspurtinHindugirlsbeinginducedorblackmailedtomarryMus-lim boys and reports of their forcedconversions reveal how campaignslike‘LoveJihad’arebeingpursuedinanorganisedway.

Wheneverterroristsarearrestedorkilledinencounter,politicianswasteno time in raisinganaccusingfingeratthepoliceandsecurityforcesrath-erthanappreciatingtheirefficiencyinpre-emptinganddefusingwhatcouldbedevastatingterrorattacks.

Further,even in the faceofclinch-ingevidence,QazisandImamshavebeen unwilling to come togetherjointly to denounce and condemnviolenceandkillings.Politicalpartiesalsohavebeenselectiveandsubjec-tiveintheirresponse.Positionsthusadopted by vote-bank hungry politi-ciansandcommunitychieftainspor-tendmoreseriouschallengesahead.

The Looming Nuclear Arm of Terror

The Information Age technologyhasmade it affordable even for thenot-so-advanced states and terror-istoutfitstosteal,smuggleordevisematerialthatcanbeputtodevastat-inguse.Therearemanynon-nuclearstates that have chemical weaponfacilitiesof theirown. InvestigationscarriedoutbytheUNMissioninSyriaconfirmed that the rebels had usedchemical weapons against soldiersandciviliansinSyriainAugust2013.Already there is enough evidence ofillegalandcovert transferofnucleartechnology and weapon grade fuelsamong nations. Incidents of smug-gling weapon grade enriched ura-niumhaveoftensurfacedintheme-dia. The name of Pakistani scientistAQKhanwas linkedwithcovertandillegal transfer of centrifuge enrich-ment designs and components in-cluding some carbon-fiber rotors toIraq and Libya. Concerns have alsobeen expressed in the recent pastaboutNorthKorea’sundueinterestinextending ‘military co-operation’ toMyanmar.

It iswell known that terror groupshave been using communicationnetworks including satellite commu-nication to their advantage for quitesometime.Whatisnotsowell-knownis their enhancedcapability andpo-tential in cyberspace. Al-Qaeda andits affiliates have their thresholddomains that would enable them tomaximise use and misuse of cyber-space ranging from spying, hackingand hijacking communication andguidance systems of satellites, mis-silesanddrones.Thiscapabilityren-


dersnukesafeguardsevenmorevul-nerable.

Need for New Vision, New Strategy

Military operations by coalitionforces led by the US against roguestates and terrorist strongholds inthe past have been vigorously con-ducted in different areas during thelasttwodecades.Unfriendlyregimeswerewipedoutandfriendliergovern-mentswereinstalled.However,inallcases the new regimes have provedto be even more unstable and cha-otic.Iraq,Afghanistan.Libya,etc.areliveexamples.Moreterroristoutfits,eachstrongerthanitsearliersiblings,havemushroomed after each phaseof assumed victories over rogue ter-ror states and organisations. Terror-ismisnolonger facelessor invisibletoday.ThenewphaseofIslamicterrornowstaresanddarestheworldfron-tally fromphysically held territories.This phenomenon should convincestrategists and planners of counter-terrorist operations that military ac-

tionalonecannotbethefinalsolutionto theworld’smost vexing problem.Military operations are only oneamongthepotenttoolstodiscourageand suppress violence in a limitedareaforalimitedtime.

Thankfullymore andmoreMuslimleaders, thinkers,entrepreneursandpeoplearegettingaverse tomilitan-cygrowingat thebehestofa few inIslam. Therefore, any strategy thatignoresIslamicroleincombatingter-rorismwill remain inadequate in thewaragainstterrorism.

Ideally, theonslaughtagainst fun-damentalistviolenceandterrormustbeledbytheforcesofmodern,awak-ened Islam rather than powers thatarespitefullyprojectedbytheperpe-tratorsasun-Islamicandanti-Islamic.

India has a greater responsibilityin the war against terrorism for tworeasons. One, having suffered fromthemalaisefordecades,Indiaistheprime victim of terror. Two, India’sMuslim population ismore than thetotal population of Pakistan fromwhereterrorismcontinuestoflowin.Therefore,itisIndia’srightaswellas

responsibilitytoassumeabiggerandmore direct role in the global effortagainstterrorism.

Prime Minister NarendraModi hasshown early signs of a statesmanwhohasvisionandresolve.Also,histeamofadvisorshassomeofIndia’soutstanding brains with rich experi-ence and proven abilities to deviseand implement strategic options offar-reachingconsequencesthatcouldcatapultIndiatoitsaspiredhighposi-tioninthecomityofnations.Enjoyingthebackingofaclearand thumpingmandateofthepeople,theModiGov-ernment cando it. Inhisaddress totheUNGeneralAssembly, thePrimeMinisteractuallysoughttointroducea paradigm shift when he exhortednationstoshunfragmentarytenden-cies – “G-7, G-20….” – and calledfor“G-All”–aunityofallnationstoserveallhumanityundertheaegisoftheUnitedNations.Itistimetotrans-latethiscall intoanactionplan:“G-All–Beall together to rid theworldterrorandsavehumancivilization.”

(The writer is a military veteran, author and social activist)


• RajuShanbhag

The nation celebrates the birthcentenary of the great leaderand thinker EknathRanade this

November. This is the right time torememberthegreatdeedsofthisvi-sionaryandfollowinhisfootstepsinbuildingabettersociety.

Eknath Ranade was born on No-vember19,1914.Hewastheyoungestof eight siblings (four brothers andfour sisters). His family hailed fromVilhe village inRajapur Talukof Rat-nagiriDistrictintheKonkanregionofMaharashtra,andfatherShriRamak-rishnarao Vinayak Ranade served intheGreat IndianPeninsularRailwaysinVidarbha.EknathRanade’smotherwas Ramabai of Barve family fromPune.

Eknath was naughty like everyother child inhis childhood.Hewasplayful, mischievous and loved totakeupchallenges.Once,whenMa-hatma Gandhi was visiting Nagpur,EknathRanadewaschallengedbyhisfriendstotouchGandhiji’sbaldheadinacrowdedstadium.YoungEknathtookupthechallengeandcarriedouthis plot on the pretext of adorningMahatmawithagarland!

But Eknath did much more thanmeremischiefashegrewup.InNag-pur,hisbrotherinlawSohoniwasanactivist of the RSS and was a closeaide of Dr. Keshav Hedgewar (Doc-torji), founder of Rashtriya SwayamSevaka Sangha. That’s how a veryfulfilling journeyofhis lifebeganasanactivistof theRSS.Soon,EknathRanade came in very close contactwithDoctorji and embodiedhis phi-losophies and thought process tobecomeanablerepresentativeofhisideologies.

TheRSSwasbannedfollowingtheassassination of Mahatma Gandhiin 1948. Many of its senior leadersfaced arrest. Ranade went under-groundduringthistimetoleadorgan-isationalefforts,earningthemoniker

oftheUndergroundSarsanghchalak.At thesametime,aSatyagrahawaslaunchedbytheRSSunderthedirec-tion of its leaderM. S. Golwalkar tolift theban.WithGolwalkararrestedonNovember15,Ranadeledthesaty-

A Visionary Par ExcellenceNation Remembers Eknath Ranade

Eknath Ranade, the visionary who initiated the task of establishing the Swami Vivekananda Memorial, is revered and remembered with love by his admirers for his broad outlook and deep understanding of the Hindu religion. What makes him unique is his tolerant approach to other religions and his astute organisational skill. The RSS constitution was drawn up under the able guidance and leadership of Eknath Ranade. The ban on RSS was lifted by the Government of India after it approved this constitution.

One of the visionaries of modern India - Eknath Ranade


agraha and participated in secretnegotiations with Home MinisterSardarPatel.

Asaconditionfor liftingtheRSSban, Patel insisted that the RSSshouldbeorganisedwithawrittenconstitution. Accordingly, a con-stitutionwas drawn up by Ranadein association with P. B. Dani andBalasaeb Deoras, but it fell shortof expectations of the governmentandasa result itwas redrafted toincludeclausessuchasallegianceto the Indian Constitution and theNational Flag, shunning violence,enrolling under-aged to the move-ment only with the permission oftheir parents, setting proceduresfor election of “sarsanghchalak”and so forth.With thesemodifica-tions,whichwereacceptedinbythegovernmentJune1949,thebanim-posedon theRSSwas revokedonJuly11,1949.

RanadewasdeeplyinfluencedbytheteachingsofSwamiVivekanan-da.1963wasthecentenaryyearofSwamiVivekananda’sbirth.Onthisoccasion,hepublishedaselectionofVivekananda’swritingunder thetitle,‘RousingCalltoHinduNation’,asapersonaltribute.

Thesameyear,RanadeconceivedtheideaofbuildingamonumenttoVivekanandaatthemid-searocklo-cationnearKanyakumari. Itwasatthis place Vivekananda had medi-tated for three days in December1892. Ranade received enthusias-tic responses from the RSS chiefM.S.Golwalkar andothers,whichencouragedhimtoestablishtheVi-vekanandaRockMemorialOrganis-ingCommittee.Later,hebecameitsOrganisingSecretary.

Numerous branches of the com-mitteewereestablishedalloverthecountrytobuildupsupport,andlat-erraisefunds,forthememorial.Butthis idea was initially rejected bytheMinister of Education and Cul-ture Humayun Kabir. Ranademan-aged togetsupport fromover300membersof the IndianParliament.Thisledtotheprojectreceivingap-proval from Prime Minister Indira

Gandhi. He also managed to getendorsementfortheprojectfromadiversesectionof thepoliticalandspiritual community. This includedsections traditionally opposed totheRSS.

After the project was approved,Ranade led a cadre of volunteerstoraisefundsforconstructionfromdonors across the country; stategovernments and the Central Gov-ernment also contributed towardsthe Rs.12.5 million fund. The RockMemorial was completed in 1970,andinauguratedbythePresidentofIndia,V.V.Giri,onSeptember2.

Two years later, Ranade foundedthe Vivekananda Kendra at Kanya-kumari with branches elsewhere.TheKendraisa“layserviceorgan-isation” without a guru or propa-gation of a “guru culture” thoughit was influenced by the teachingsof Vivekananda. It is affiliated tothe RSS which has 206 branchesin variouspartsof thecountry.Hedid not endorse the status of an“avatar-hood” (God incarnate) tothe Kendra. He, therefore, did notpromote himself or Vivekanandatothestatusofworshipatthecen-tre,butpromotedtheuseofOmkaras its guiding principle. It was hisview that by adopting Omkara asgurutheentireclassofgurusofthecountry is honoured. He becamethe President of the VivekanandaKendrain1978,afterservingasitsgeneralsecretary.

Ranade died in Madras (nowChennai) on August 22, 1982. OnAugust23,1982,hewascrematedat Vivekanandapuram, Kanyaku-mari.Heisrememberedasamasterorganiser,powerful speaker, think-er,writerandadevotednationalistwithasenseofspiritualism.

Today, Ranade’s ideologies andhis commitment to the cause ofnation have been an ideal for theyouth to follow. The Swami Vive-kananda Memorial he establishedstillservesasanabodeforpeoplewhohaveaspiritualandphilosoph-icalinclination.

Presenting One’s Case

From his early adulthood,EknathRanadehadaverydeep

respect for religions and theirteachings. He could not tolerateanyreligionbeingabusedbyany-one.HehadjoinedHislpoCollege,acollegerunbyChristianmission-aries.AnEnglishprofessornamedProf. Phillips constantly ridiculedHinduism and Hindu gods in hisclasses. Eknath did not like thisone bit. But he did not want tostir up an argument just for thesakeofit.

So, young Eknath studiedSwami Vivekananda’s books andspeeches deeply to get a betterunderstandingofHinduism.Oncehewasprepared,hestartedpro-viding his counter-arguments toProf. Phillips, gently but firmly.Prof. Phillips was flabbergasted,and suggested that he need notattend English classes and hewould still give him the requiredattendance. But Eknath refused,stating that hehada lot to learnabouttheBible!

Needless to say,Hindu religionandgodswereneverabusedagainbyProf.Phillipsinhisclasses.


• NarayanAmmachchi

WhentheAmericanssearchingfor Bin Laden bombed ToraBora caves in Afghanistan,

Pakistan secretly airlifted to safetyabout 5,000 top leaders of the Tali-ban. Thisevent, knownas the ‘Kun-duz airlift’, which is also popularlycalled the “Airlift of Evil”, involvedseveral PakistaniAir Force transportplanes flyingmultiple sorties over anumberofdays.

PakistandeniesthatitgavebirthtoTaliban. Frankly,notonlydid it trainandarmtheTalibanbutalsoprotect-ed them fromAmericans. The resultisthattodayPakistanhasturnedouttobe thebattleground for AmericandronesandTalibanfighters.

Over the years, Pakistan has re-peatedly accused the United Statesof violating its sovereignty. But theUS replied it has little or no optionbuttohuntforterroristsinPakistan’s

hinterlands,especiallythelawlessre-gionofWaziristan.

AftertheUScommandosraidedBinLaden’shideout atAbbottabad,Per-vezMusharraf,thethenPakistanidic-tator who was in London, criticisedtheAmericansforviolatingPakistan’ssovereignty.Droneattacksareapo-liticallysensitivesubjectinPakistan,withseveralleaders,includingformercricketerImranKhan,holdingprotestralliesinthetribalareas.

Pakistan cannot blame anyone forits current state of affairs. Its ma-darsas, or Islamic religious schools,havemore or lessbecome terrorismtraining camps, generating a largearmy of radicals who hate everyonewhoisnotaMuslim.

Pakistan knows it but does noth-ing. The architects of 2008MumbaiattacksarestillwalkingfreelyinPaki-stan, yet the authorities there neverattemptedtoimprisonthem.

The chief culprit is ISI, the intelli-

genceagencythatdoesnotappeartolistentopoliticalleaders.TheUnitedStateshassaidithasdirectevidencethattheISIchief,Lt.Gen.AhmedShu-ja Pasha, knewof Bin Laden’s pres-enceatAbbottabad.Worsestill,someAmericansareoftheopinionthatthelarge compound at Abbottabad wasbuiltspeciallyforBinLaden.

ItisanopensecretthattheISIsup-portstheterroristgroupsthatareac-tiveinKashmir,includingtheal-Qae-daaffiliateJaish-e-Mohammed.

Following theMumbai attacks, In-dia said that the perpetrators wereintouchwithaPakistanicolonelandother handlers in Pakistan. This ledto a UN ban on one such organisa-tion, the Jama’at-ud-Da’wah, which

Pakistan’s Self-destructionTalibanisation Gaining Momentum

Islamabad Mariot Hotel Bombing

Pakistan is paying the price for aiding and arming terrorist orgnisations like the Taliban and Jaish-e-Mohammed. Several detainees at the Guantanamo Bay facility told the US interrogators that they were aided by the ISI for attacks in Kashmir. A total of 35,000 Pakistanis have been killed between September 11, 2001, and May 2011 owing to terrorist attacks. Apart from human casualties of this massive scale, the economic cost of terrorism from 2000–2010 is estimated at $68 billion. This sum alone is enough to feed the Pakistanis for one whole year.


the Pakistani government is yet toenforce.

In today’s Pakistan, everyone ispaying the price for ISI’s misdeeds.An estimated 286 to 890 civilianshavebeenkilledbytheUSdroneat-tacks,including168to197children.AcourtinPeshawarhasruledthattheattacks are illegal and inhuman. YettheUShasgoneonattackingtheter-roristsbysurprise.

ItisalsoallegedthatthePakistanigovernment allowed the drones tooperatefromShamsiairfieldinPaki-stan until April 21, 2011. Accordingto secret diplomatic cables leakedby Wikileaks, Pakistan’s Army ChiefAshfaq Pervez Kayani not only tac-itlyagreedtothedroneflights,butin2008requestedthatAmericansesca-latethem.

InNovember2011,oneofthedroneattacks killed 24 Pakistani soldiers.This angered Pakistan which evacu-ated Americans from the Shamsiairfield. The incident prompted anapproximately two-month stop to

thedronestrikes,whichresumedonJanuary10,2012.

On March 25, 2010, US State De-partment legal advisor Harold Kohstated that the drone strikes werelegal and it is the US right to self-defense.AccordingtoKoh,theUSisinvolvedinanarmedconflictwithal-

Qaeda,theTalibanandtheiraffiliatesand,therefore,mayuseforceconsis-tentwithself-defenseunder interna-tionallaw.

Two years later in 2013, a dronestrike killed Pakistani Taliban chiefHakimullah Mehsud. This again an-geredthePakistanis.ApoliticalpartyinsistedthattheCIA’sstationchiefinIslamabadshouldbe tried forkillingtheTalibanchief.

The problem is that the TalibankillmorePakistanisinbombattackseverytimetheirfightersarekilled indrone attacks. That means that theUSdroneattacksleadtomoreblood-shedinPakistan.

Today, a large contingent ofPakistani army is massed acrossitsborderwithAfghanistan toshootand kill the Taliban fighters. It hassealed and cancelled several peacedeals with the Taliban. There is noother example of a sovereign coun-try seeking to make peace withterrorists.

When the Americans searching for Bin Laden bombed Tora Bora caves in Afghanistan, Pakistan secretly airlifted to safety about 5000 top leaders of the Taliban. Now they have turned against the Pakistani authorities themselves. The result is that today bomb blasts have become the order of the day in major Pakistani cities like Karachi.

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BRINGING NATIONAL RESURGANCE TO

THE FORE, SINCE 1999

Cost of TerrorismThe lesson Pakistan has to learn

is that it iseasy togivebirth to ter-rorists, but hard to douse the firethey have bit. Thousands of Paki-stanis have been killed by Talibansince 2001. The annual death tollfromterroristattacksrose from164in2003to3318in2009,withatotalof35,000PakistaniskilledbetweenSeptember11,2001andMay2011.

According to the government ofPakistan,thedirectandindirecteco-nomiccostsofterrorismfrom2000–2010total$68billion,asumenoughtofeedPakistanisayear-long.

Fromthesummerof2007untillate2009,morethan1,500peoplewerekilledinsuicideandotherattacksoncivilians.

Morethandroneattacks,Pakistanis slowly turning into a Talibanisedcountry.Thishasmadewayforeasyaccesstogunsandammunition.

ISI and KashmirAttheendoftheSovietwarinAf-

ghanistan,between1990and1996,the Pakistani establishment contin-uedtoorganise,supportandnurtureMujahedeengroupson thepromise

that they could be used for proxywarfareinJammuandKashmir.

SatelliteimagesfromtheFBIsug-gesttheexistenceofseveralterroristcampsinPakistan,withatleastonemilitant admitting to being trainedin the country aspart of fighting inKashmir.

InOctober2010,PervezMusharrafrevealedthatPakistaniarmedforceshad trainedmilitant groups to fightthe Indian forces in Kashmir. ManyKashmirimilitantgroupsdesignatedas terroristorganisationsby theUSstill maintain their headquarters inPakistan-occupiedKashmir.

Many of them have been bannedbytheUN,too,buttheycontinuetooperateunderdifferentnames.EventhenormallyreticentUnitedNationsOrganisation (UNO) has publiclycriticisedPakistanforitsinabilitytocontrol its Afghanistan border andfornotrestrictingtheactivitiesoftheTaliban leaders who have been de-claredasterrorists.

Even the noted Pakistani jour-nalist Ahmed Rashid has accusedPakistan’s ISI of providing help totheTaliban.SeveraldetaineesattheGuantanamoBay facility toldUS in-terrogators that theywere aidedbytheISIforattacksinKashmir.


The ISIS seems to be in an exhilarating mood, as its propaganda in social networking is yielding wonderful results. Many educated youths are drawn into their “net’’ through the net, one of them being a former Google employee in Hyderabad, who was trying to join the militant group in Syria by going to Saudi Arabia. The Hyderabad Police caught him in the nick of time while trying to procure a visa for Saudi Arabia. Police fear that more may be on the point of joining the militant outfit. Unless the authorities exert extreme vigil, chances are that many youngsters may be lured sooner or later into the ISIS fold.

It’s a discovery Google will not be particu-larly proud of. It’s a shocking statementon thestateofour societywhereeven the

highlyeducatedandtechsavvyyouthfallpreytoobsolete,destructivepropaganda.Andyes,it’ssomethingthattheworldneedstositandtakenotice.

30-year-old former Google employee, Soft-ware engineerMunawadSalman,waspinneddown by Hyderabad police when he was at-tempting to leave the country to join ISIS(IslamicStateofIraqandSyria,anIslamicfun-damentalistgroup).HewasarrestedonOcto-ber28whenthepolicelearntthathewasmak-ing efforts to procure a visa to Saudi Arabia,fromwhereheallegedlyplannedtofleetoIraq.

PolicegotawhiffofhisactivitiesashewashighlyactivewithISISactivitiesontheinternetand theirpropagandaand theirmovesonso-cialmediaplatforms for thepast sixmonths.TheHyderabadpolicewereon redalert sincethey had already uncovered similar plans ofthreeyouthswhoweredreamingofjoiningtheirsupposed‘holywar.’TheHyderabadpolicearealsotryingtoworkwithnationalsecurityagen-cies to keep a tab on social networking siteswhichhavebeen thebreedinggroundofnew

recruitslikeMunawadSalman.With misguided youths from all over the

worldflockingtoISISideologiesanditsoutfit,it’s clear that ISIS is using the internet to itsadvantage.NewrecruitslikeMunawadSalmanareluredbytheoutfit,thanksitsviolentvideosandnoholdsbarredmessagesfilledwithun-bridledhatredtowardsKafirs. ISISissuccess-fully using internet hashtags and forums tosecure thewidestdistributionof theirvideos.Although the outfit has extremely fundamen-talist views, it has some cunningminds whoknowhow toescapemoderndaycyberpolic-ing,andhowtobeactiveonthebigbadworldofinternet.

Theworldisawareoftheseissues,andtheyare working to eradicate it. Law enforcementagencies are working with the tech and so-cialmediagiants likeGoogletotrytowinthepropagandawaragainst the terroroutfits likeISIS.AspecialistBritishpoliceteamisworkingalongsideinternetbigwigslikeTwitterandYou-Tubetoblockanddeleteabout1,100piecesofterrorpropagandaeveryweek.Accordingtothepolice,thesevideoscontraveneUKterrorlaws.Thevastmajorityofthematerial–800itemsaweek–relatetoSyriaandIraq.

26 D E C E M B E R 2014

26 D E C E M B E R 2014 27D E C E M B E R 2014 27D E C E M B E R 2014

Butwinningawaragainstafacelessenemyiseasiersaidthandone.Everysingleweek,UK’sCounter-TerrorismInternetReferralUnit(CTIRU)alonetakesdowncountlessTwitterac-countsandpullsoff videosofmurder, torture, combatscenes,sniperattacksandsuicidemissions,allrelatedtoterror.

Butcounteringcyberterrorismisfastprovingtobeagameofwhoknowsthetechnologybetter.While thegovernmentagenciesareemployingall theirdigital forces toprevent thespreadofterroronthenet,theterroristsareusinglittle-knowncontentuploadingservices,anonymoustext-pastingsitesandmultiplebackupTwitteraccountstogetthroughallthese-curityfilters.Inanonlinebattleofwits,CTIRUisactivelyseekingoutextremistmaterialandalsoaskingmembersofthepublictoreferanymaterialthatconcernsthem.Lastyear,theunitinstigatedtheremovalofmorethan45,000piecesofsuchextremistmaterial.

28 D E C E M B E R 2014 29D E C E M B E R 201428 D E C E M B E R 2014

YouTube, which is owned by Google, hasgiven a number of government agencies“Trusted Flagger” status to prioritise theirreporting of dangerous or illegal material.Twitter is not believed to have developedany official fast-track process but reportingfromrecognisedlawenforcementaccountsinbeing dealt with more seriously. During aLords’ committee hearing in July, Twitter’sSinéadMcSweeneysaid ithad“inexcessof100people”working24/7toexaminereportsacross a range of issues. During the samehearing, Facebook’s Simon Milner said thecompany’s safety team in Dublin was “con-sumed” by dealing with content emanatingfromtheSyriancivilwar.

Apart from the technological niceties em-ployed by ISIS to spread its messages, thekindof content it postsonline toodeservesspecialattention.ISISpoststhemostviolentvideos,highlyinstigatingspeechesandotherforms of extreme content on the internet toattract its potential recruits. Not only is theorganisationactiveontheinternet,butitalsocallsupon‘truebelievers,’ofAllahtospreadthemessageacrosstheworld.

Despite of ISIS’ intense efforts to recruitpeople to its group, it’s hard to understandwhy educated youths likeMunawadSalmanfind the path of violence so irresistible.

Islamic fundamentalism is rising all over the world

Disillusioned with violence NoteveryMuslimteenishung-howithISIS.Manywho

left their families and loved ones behind to join theholy war are now regretting their decisions. Samra Kesi-novicandherfriend,SabinaSelimovic,childrenofBosnianmigrants,had runaway toSyria to join the IslamicStatefighters.Theyhadleftbehindanote,tellingtheirparents:“Don’tlookforus.WewillserveAllah–andwewilldieforhim.”

But very soon, this fundamentalist fervour turned tomomentofrepentance.Thesegirlssomehowmanagedtocontacttheirfamiliesandtoldthemthattheywantedtore-turn.Sincetheirdeparture,pictureshaveemergedonlineofthepairbrandishingKalashnikovriflesandwearingthefullniqab.

Botharecurrentlybelieved tobe inRakka, innorthernSyria.AccordingtoVienna-basednewspaper“Österreich,Samra” theywant to returnhomeas thehorrorsofSyria“havebecometoomuch.”Thenewspaper,whichisknownforitscloselinksbothtothesecurityservicesandthechil-dren’sfamilies,saysthatdeathisa“constantcompanion”forthegirls.ThereissomehopeforwomenwishingtofleeISIS, however. In recent days, a Syrianwoman fled fromISIStoTurkey.


MunawadSalman isnotan isolat-edcase,andneitherwill itbe thelast. Throughout the world, evenindevelopedcountriesliketheUSandtheUK,manyyouthsareleav-ingbehindtheirlovingfamiliesandcomfortablelifestylestojointhesejihadist groups. They may thinkthattheyareansweringthecallof“Allah”byjoiningthesefundamen-talistgroups.

Throughouthumanhistory, con-fused youths have often joinedviolentandseeminglyriskyoutfits.The examples include Children’sCrusadeof1212,totheHitlerYouthmovement and countless othercults and underworld gangs. Butthat does not mean that the gov-ernments can take them lightly.With a confusedmind and a hostof weapons under their disposal,these youths are dangerous tomankind. The authorities need todealwiththemastheywouldwithhardenedterrorists.

While fighting ISIS on the bat-tlefield is going on with full vigorcountries have to be alert abouttheproxywarthatisgoingonintheinternet. The UK and the US gov-

ernmentsseem tohavewokenuptothedangersofISISpropagandaon thenet,but the Indiangovern-ment still needs to take concretestepstoholdbackISISonthenet.Theyneedtoactivelystartcounter-ingISISpropagandawiththeirownmessages on the net to stop the

youth from getting lured by ISIS.Itwill takemoreworkthanmerelyreleasing customarymessages onofficial Facebook pages. The gov-ernmentwillhavetotakeanactiveinterestinrootingoutthisrotthathas slowly begun to eat into thesecularstructureofoursociety.

Girl’s Game TooIt’snotonlymenwhoareluredbytheviolentwaysofISIS.Eventeen-agegirlsarebeingattractedtoISISthroughtheironlinecampaigns.

WhatshouldbetheworryingfactorforthewholeworldisthatthisishappeningevenindevelopedcountriesliketheUS.

Recently,theteenagedaughterofAssadIbrahim,wholivedinDen-ver,US,andhertwofriendswhotriedtojoinISISwerenabbedbythepolice.Thefathersof thesegirlswerealarmedwhentheirpassportsweremissingfromtheirhouses.Sureenough,theyweregone,alongwith$2,000 incash.The two familiescalled theFBI. Theysaid theythoughtthegirlswereontheirwaytoTurkey.Germanauthorities in-terceptedthetrio,aged15,15and17,atFrankfurtairportandputthemonaplanebacktotheUnitedStates,wheretheyweregreetedbyFBIagents.

Theirdisappearancehitthemoutoftheblue.OtherISIS-relatedin-cidentsarepoppingupintheWesternworld.Twomoreturnedupintandemwiththegirls’runawayattempt.

30 D E C E M B E R 2014

• RajuShanbhag

People of Indian origin in Aus-tralia have been living underthe threat of racial attacks

for years now. Since the fateful be-ginning of these racially motivatedcrimesagainst Indians inMelbournein2009,thelivesofIndiansdownun-derhavebeenanythingbutpleasant.

Now, as if that’s not enough, theSikhsarebearing thebruntof racialhatred.InOctober,aSikhGurudwarain eastern Perth was vandalised bymiscreants. Apparently, they mis-tooktheGurudwaraforamosqueandthoughtthattheywereteachingMus-limsa‘lesson.’

Paintings and writings of various

kinds had appeared on the walls oftheGurudwara,asking“Muslims”togoback.Phraseslike“Aussiepride”and“Gohome”werealsowrittenonthesewalls.Apartfromthedisplayofintolerance towards other religions,theperpetratorsofthisattackunwit-tingly displayed their lack of knowl-edgeofmajorreligionsoftheworld.

IncidentsofcommunalhatredhavebeenfrequentinAustraliaforthelastfew years. These attacks have beenmainlyagainstMuslimwomen inhi-jab as well as against Sikh womensince they also wear these types ofclothes. Since the Muslim men andSikhmenalsoseeminglydressalike,it’seasytogetconfusedaboutwho’s.

Crimes against Indians also are

rising in Australia. Resulting in es-calation of attacks and tensionsThere were 120,913 Indian studentsenrolled to undertake an Australianqualification in2009. In2007-2008,1,447 Indians were victims of racialassaults and robberies in the stateof Victoria. However, the statisticsreportedly show that Indians werenot over-represented in assaults.In either case, the Victorian policerefused to release the data for pub-lic scrutiny, the stated reason be-ingthatitwas“problematic”aswellas “subjective” and so open tointerpretation.

In spite of the racial tension inAustralia, Sikhs have been leadingapeaceful life formost part of their

Gurudwara AttackedIntolerance on the rise in Australia

A Sikh Gurudwara in Perth

Australia, claimed to be one of the best places in the world to live, is facing increasing racial and religious intolerance. It seems that xenophobia has creeped into the Australian psyche. There were a number of assaults on Indian students. The latest is an attack on a Gurudwara, which the miscreants thought was a mosque. Whatever be the reason, the fact remains that

living down under is not going to be peaceful for many Asians.

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documented existence in Australia.Sikhsmigrated toAustralia in1830sand today they formoneof the larg-est subgroups of Indian Australianswith72,000adherents,according tothe2011census.In2012,theAustra-lianBureauofStatisticsconductedacensuswhichdiscoveredthatPunjabiisthefastestgrowinglanguageinthecountry, Sikhism is among the top20 religionspractisedandHinduismis the fastestgrowing religion in thewholeofAustralia.

But there is a growing discontentagainst immigrants, mainly Asians,inAustralia.ManyAustralianswouldlove to believe that their jobs andincome opportunities are beingsnatchedawaybytheseimmigrants.Hence, attacks on Indian studentswereanormafewyearsago.

Interestingly, the AustralianGovernment did not initiate anyinvestigations into the matter andclaimed that most of these attackswere not racially motivated; theywerecasesofmugging,itwantedustobelieve.

But Asians living in Australia, in-cluding Sikhs, have other stories totell.Theypointoutthat1,447peopleof Indian nationalitywere victims ofcrimeinVictoriainthe12monthstoJuly2008.

If the Sikhs and other Asians arelosing their lives and living in fearin Australia, the Australian Govern-ment has a lot to think about. Notonlytheimageofthecountrystandsmalignedintheeyesofinternationalcommunity, but Australia will standto lose a significant part of its rev-enue if theseattacks continue. Edu-cationexportisthethirdlargestrev-enuegeneratorinAustraliaandAsianstudentsformalargepartoftheAus-tralianstudentcommunity.

TheattackonSikhGurudwaramaybe a case of confused identity. ButthereisnodoubtthattheAustralianGovernmentshouldtakemeasurestoeducateitsyouthaboutculturaltoler-ance and respect for other cultures.Withoutit,neithertheAsiansnortheAustraliangovernmentcanmakeanyprogress.

Culture under AttackRacial attacks have sneaked

intomainstreamAustraliancul-ture long back and Asians, espe-cially Hindus, have reasons to bepeeved.In2012,Coles,Australia’ssecond-biggestchainwithover13millionweeklycustomersandover750stores,advertisedforworkersbut stated that ‘Store requires noIndians’.

In 2011, alleged designers at aSydneyfashionshowdisplayedanimage ofHinduGoddess Lakshmiin swimwear. They also displayedLordGanesh,LordShivaandLordVishnu in “Ganesh Versus theThirdReich”play inMelbourne inanobjectionablemanner.

A report by Australian HumanRights Commission, a statutory

organisation that reports to thefederalAustralianParliament,hadinitsreporthighlighted“alackofconstitutional protection againstracial discrimination in Austra-lia”and talkedabout“absenceofanyentrenchedguaranteeagainstracial discrimination that wouldoverride the law of the Common-wealth.”

Battle against racism will needeffectivesolutions,amends,com-pensation, rights recognition,public education programmes,etc., at various levels besidesdeveloping a “bill of rights” as ahigh-priority. Interestingly, theCommonwealthof Australia ranksas one of the best places in theworldtolive.

Hate message by confused Australians on a Gurudwara


• DrMNBuch

When India became indepen-dent, the government ledby Prime Minister Jawahar-

lal Nehru took a deliberate decisionto launch a massive programme ofbuilding infrastructure in India andfor thispurposeoptedforaplannedeconomy.ApartfromTataSteel,therewasvirtuallynocapitalgoodsindus-tryinIndia.Wemanufacturednoair-craft,noships,nomotorvehicles;wedidnotproducealuminumorcopper;our roads system was rudimentaryandtherewasverylittletelecommu-nicationconnectivity.

Duringthefirst15yearsofindepen-

dence, great hydroelectric-cum-irri-gation projects like Bhakra-Nangal,HirakudandTungabhadrawerebuilt,huge thermal power stations suchasthoseatSarniinMadhyaPradeshandBokaroinBihar(nowJharkhand)were constructed, copper and baux-ite mines were brought under pro-duction,miningforironoreandcoalwasbroughttoanewhighandhugesteelplants suchas thoseatBhilai,Rourkela and Durgapur were set upin recordtime.ChandigarhwasbuiltfromscratchasthenewcapitaloftheIndian part of Punjab as a replace-mentforLahore.TheIndianInstitutesof Technology and Indian InstitutesofManagement,theIndianSchoolof

MinesatDhanbad,theSchoolofPlan-ningandArchitectureinDelhi,theAllIndiaInstituteofMedicalSciencesinDelhiand thePostgraduate InstituteofMedicalEducationandResearchinChandigarhandPondicherryandthemagnificent agriculture universitiesatLudhianaandPantNagararesomeexamplesofworldclasseducationalinstitutionswhichweresetupduringthisera.

But from 1967 onwards the coun-tryseemedtolosetheheadofsteambuiltupintheprevious20years.Thiswas the period of political uncer-tainty,of intrigueforpower inwhichmembersofthelegislatureweresub-orned, subdued or purchased and

Govt. Without ShacklesTime to Build New Temples of Progressive India

‘When the first uneasy

coalitions were formed in the states by breaking

political parties through purchase, uncertainty crept in at political levels and corruption became a political

imperative because money was needed to buy political power. Unfortunately even the single party governments of Indira Gandhi, Narasimha Rao and

Rajiv Gandhi were unable to stem the rot and uncertainty, indecisiveness

and corruption became necessary concomitants of

government.’

The Bhakranangal Dam


governments were changed not onthebasisoftheballotbutthroughthemeansofbuyingandselling.

What is more, audit and vigilancefunctionssuddenlybecamemoreim-portant than project planning, tech-nical design, systematic financing,adherencetoschedule,maintenanceofqualityanddeliveryofthefinishedproduct. Together with this grew alack of trust betweenministers andofficers, between political parties,between officers themselves, be-tween civil servants and technologyprofessionals and between projectauthorities, businessmen and con-tractors.Noweverythingwasforsale,even human character. No one waspreparedtotakeanydecisionswith-out,inthecaseofthecorrupt,apricebeing extracted and by the honestbecause they know that a decisioncouldcreatetroubleforthemonpettyaccountand,therefore,itwasbettertoplaysafe.

The whole aim of gover-nance is to take decisions.Decision-makingisatvari-ouslevelsandinitsowndomain every decisionisvitallyimportant.Atthe level of nationalgovernment, therehastobealong-termperspective aboutwhere the countryshould be heading;there should be aclear-cutvisionofourprioritiesandselectionofpriorities, taking intoaccountthefinancialandhuman resourcesavailabletous.Therehasalso tobeavision and model of how plansprepared in accordance with thesepriorities will be implemented. Thepersonneltoimplementthemhavetobecarefullyselected;theyhavetobesuitablyempoweredandthengivenafreehandtodeliverresults.Therehastobeasystemofmonitoring,evalua-tionandsuperintendence,butwithingivenparametersauditandvigilancefunctionshavetoberational,aimedatcorrectingtheerrors.

Therewasnohesitationtoengageforeign experts or to assign steelplantssuchasDurgapur toaBritishconsortium,RourkelatotheGermansand Bhilai to the Russians. We didnot feel slighted because we bor-rowed talent from abroad becausethe objective was to build thesenew templesandnot to sitonpettyissues of prestige. All thiswas pos-sibleonlybecausewehadaclimateofpoliticalcertainty.Whenthefirstuneasycoalitionswereformedin the states by breakingpolitical parties throughpurchase, uncertaintycrept in at politicallevels and corrup-tion became a po-litical imperativebecause moneywas neededto

b u ypolitical power. Un-fortunatelyeventhesinglepartygov-ernmentsof IndiraGandhi,Narasim-haRaoandRajivGandhiwereunableto stem the rot and uncertainty, in-decisivenessandcorruptionbecamenecessary concomitants of govern-ment. Thishasbeen followedby30years of coalition rule at the Centre

andthishasfurthervitiatedtheenvi-ronment.Animproperlyruncoalition,liketheManmohanSingh’sUPA,can-notframepolicyanditcanonlyseekopportunities for promoting its ownbenefits. This automatically createsamiasmicatmosphereinwhichthereisdeepsuspicionaboutthemotivesofeveryoneand there isacompletelackoftrust.

Such a government isfree to take decisions,including those whichmay be temporarily un-popular, and give clear-cut

directivestoitsofficialsandcreateanenvironmentoftrust

in which officials feel person-allyaccountableforcompletionof

giventasks.Insuchanenvironment,the policy is well defined and theirdirectionsfortheimplementationarealso specific and unambiguous. Anofficialcannowproceedwithimple-mentationinthefullconfidencethatprovidedhefollowspolicydirections,hewillbefullyprotected.Thepresentgovernmentcancertainlyensurethefollowing:1. Clarity in policy and firmness in

thepoliticalwilltoimplementit.

Suddenly there crept in

an element of political corruption which, in turn,

corrupted the Civil Service, whose professional competence was eroded because of lack of political will and decision making and the

increasing preponderance of political manipulators, corrupt businessmen, abandonment of planning and its

substitution by populism, inordinate delays and cost overruns in

project implementation, accompanied by shoddy

workmanship.

Navi Mumbai International Airport.


The present

government is not a coalition because it

enjoys absolute majority of a single party in the Lok

Sabha. Whereas any democratic government is required to carry all parties, it is not required to pander to the baser instincts

and demands of a coalition partner who

is opportunistic.

2. Carefully choosing theimplementationteams.

3. Unambiguouspolicydirec-tions on how a particularpolicy is to be translatedintoreality.

4. A clear statement to theteam leaders and officersthat government will supportthemtothehiltintheirwork.

5. Interlocking accountability inwhich superintendence, super-vision and monitoring are para-mount,but inwhich thesuperiorofficerisheldaccountableforthedeedsofhissubordinates.

6. Suitableempowermentof theof-ficialmachinerysothatitcanper-formitstask.

7. Sensible auditwhose function isnot only to find fault but to help

the implementing authorities toperformthetaskbetterandmain-tain their accounts in a rationalmanner.

8. Answerability for one’s actionsonlytoone’sadministrativesupe-riorandnottoanoutsideagency

like a vigilance organization,CBI,etc.,unlessthereisanal-legationofcriminality.

Let us not underestimateour government machinerybecause it is still capable ofdoing amazing work. What it

needs is clarity in policy, direc-tionswhichareunambiguousand

fullsupportforallbonafideactions.HavingservedinIndia’spremierCivilService, one can state with confi-dence that our government machin-ery,despiteyearsofabuse,canstilldeliverthemoononaplatter.Ifgov-ernment governs, there will be realgovernance andwe shall build hun-dreds of new temples of a modern,progressiveIndia.

(The author is Dean, Centre for Governance and Political Studies, VIF)

Yamuna-Expressway-Cloverleaf


• PrashanthVaidyaraj

Pandit Nehru once stated: “ByeducationIamanEnglishman,byviewsaninternationalist,by

cultureaMuslim,andaHinduonlybyaccidentofbirth.”Notonlydidhesayso,butalsoactedso.Inaninterviewgiven to one of the leading interna-tional magazines, he emphasized:“IwillbethelastEnglishmantoruleIndia.”

The government under his controllaunchedseverallargeinfrastructureprojects,butthewayinwhichthoseprojects were implemented becamethe character of governance in thedecadesthatfollowed.

He ignored bolstering the armyand investing in defence materials.That result was in 1962 the country

suffered a humiliating defeat at thehandsoftheChinese.Atatimewhenwehadlost72,000sqkmsoflandtoChinese, he quipped: “Not a bladeofgrassgrowsinAksaiChin;lossofIndianterritorytoChinaisalosstoolittle.”

ThoughaKashmiriPanditbybirth,Nehru never found slaughtering ofcows inhuman. Onceamassiveup-roar broke out in Parliament overbanningcowslaughter.Everyonebutseven parliamentarians favoured aban. When the voting was about tobegin, Nehru backed off. He threat-ened to resign ifParliamentpressedaheadwithavote.Dislikingpersonalanimosity with Nehru, many mem-bersretreated,andfinallythebillwasplacedoffthemenu.Eventothisday,nobodyknowswhyNehrudidso.Per-hapswewillneverknow.

On October 26, 1947, Raja HariSingh signed the Instrument of Ac-cessiontolegallyaccedeJammuandKashmirtoIndia.Itwastheresponsi-bilityofleaderslikeNehrutodefendKashmir and Hari Singh. Soon, anarmy contingent was dispatched tothe region todealwitha tribalarmyopposingaccession. The Tribal armywas no match for the professionalsoldiers. But, then Nehru made thegreatestmistakeofhislife.HeaskedtheUNtointerveneandsolvetheis-sue.

The UN enforced a ceasefire andruled that the areas occupied by ri-valswould remain theirs.The Indianarmy hadn’t yet achieved its objec-tiveofdrivingouttheintrudersfromoccupied Kashmir. The ceasefirehandedoutahugetractoflandtothePakistani tribal army and the Indian

Nehruvian BlundersIndia can neither correct nor forget them


soldierswereherdedback into theirbarracks.

Today this chunk of land is calledPakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK).IndiahassincecontinuedtopaythepriceforthisNehruvianblunder.TheInstrumentofAccessionwasthefun-damentalelementofruleunderwhichthe country was divided betweenMuslimsandHindus.

Later the United Nations washeditshandsofdeclaringKashmira‘dis-puted land’. This was the result oftheoverbearingattitudeanda falsenotionofbeingthebenefactorofthenation. Such fallacious thought pro-cesshasbeenpassedon to theNe-hru family that ruled the nation fordecadeslateron.

Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi andSonia Gandhi mastered this art ofhoodwinking. Today the dynasty’sincumbent ‘prince’, RahulGandhi, isalso trying to use similar tactics tohoodwinkthenation.

SamplethisquotefromRahulGan-dhi. “This is the only country whichwon its war of independence withlove. Today India is ruled by peoplewhoare angry. They saywehave topromoteHindi,notEnglish.TheCon-gress is the only party that has thestrengthtofightthis,”RahultoldCon-gresspartyworkers.

This isasmallexampleofhis lack

of knowledgeof history.Worse still,such statements belittle the sacri-fices of the thousands likeSubhashChandra Bose and those killed inmassacreslikeJallianwalaBagh.

Rahul Gandhi seems to have for-

gottenthefactthatNehrusupportedSanskrit. Today Rahul decries thecountry’s ancient language just togainapoliticalcapital.Itisnosecretthat he is unaware of Indian cultureandheritage.

Asked by ‘Hindustan Times’ whythe congress government did notopen a single Sanskrit university inits10-yearrule,Rahulreplied:“Itwillbeanarrowviewpointifwecompart-mentalised education in languag-es. I don’t agree with you that youneed a dedicated university for thepromotion of Sanskrit. Studentsshould be taught all languages, sayHindi, Japanese or English, in allinstitutions.”

Apart from such dreadful views,some of his statements have beendownrightdetrimentaltothesecurityofthecountry.

In2009,whilelunchingwithUnitedStatesAmbassadortoIndia,TimothyJ.Roemer,alongwithPrimeMinisterManmohanSingh,RahulGandhisaidthat he believes Hindu extremistspose a greater threat to his countrythan Muslim militants, pointing atsomeseniorleadersoftheBharatiyaJanataParty.

Hewent on to compare Hindu na-tionalistic organisations to terroristorganisationslikeSIMI.

At an election rally in MadhyaPradesh,soonafter the2013Muzaf-farnagarriots,RahulGandhiclaimedthatheheardapoliceofficersayingthat Pakistan’s ISI was trying to re-cruitdisgruntledriot-affectedyoung-stersinUttarPradesh.

During a function in Allahabad,Gandhitermedpovertyasa“stateofmind” forwhichhedrewsharpcriti-cismfromvarioussections.

It is time that India says goodbyeto dynastic politics that provedincompetent and inefficient to rulethe nation. Rahul is a fine exampleof youths who, without experienceand knowledge the country’s his-tory, take up political offices justbecause they are the sons of rulingfamilies.

(Research inputs from ‘MediaSyndicate’)

As the first Prime Minister of independent India, Nehru committed far too many blunders, but the decision to approach the UN, when Kashmir was attacked by the Pak-sponsored militia, is considered to be his worst blunder. Our soldiers were about to reclaim the rest of the territory in Kashmir which was still in the hands of the militia, but since the UN enforced a ceasefire, they had to pull back, leaving that part of Kashmir for Pakistan. Nehru also ignored the need for effective defence, which resulted in India’s humiliating defeat at the hands of Chinese in 1962.

Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru being shown Zojila Pass by Lt Col Sukhdev Singh


Afghanistan Changing

Afghanistan is changing its perception of terrorism and is trying to reach out to its neighbours, including China, in a positive way. The new government, led by Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai, is all set to chart a new course in economic as well as political affairs, so that it can bid farewell once and for all to the topsy-turvy maladministration of the Taliban that was the bane of the country for decades. With unemployment at 35%, the country has a long way to go before it can ensure economic security to the majority of its citizens. Fortunately, positive changes are taking place in that strife-torn country and good days may not be far behind.

Afghanistan opens up its borders for anti-terrorist strategies.

New govt. forging ahead with confidence


Terrorism is a vicious octopus.Whatever one’s ideologies,whichever nations and notions

of religions one supports, it alwayscomesfullcircletobitetheveryhandthat fed it. Afghanistan, a countrythatwasthebreedinggroundofsomeof the most notorious terrorists ontheworldmap,hasbeenlearningthisthehardway.

Plagued by the never-ending warsbetweenvariousgroupsofself-styledkeepers of faith, the country has fi-nally decided it had enough. Whilesomemightarguethatdecision-mak-ing authorities in Afghanistan are acontradiction of terms, the countryhasdecidedtoenterintoapactwithChinatocurtailterrorism.

Both the countries entered intoagreementstofighttheircommonen-emy,theEastTurkistanIslamicMove-ment (ETIM), an Uighur separatistgroup demanding the independenceofXinjiang.WhileETIMhasbeentor-mentingtheauthoritiesinChinawithits brazen demands of separatism,Afghanistan too has been at the re-ceiving end of the brutalities of thisorganisation,asthecountrysharesaverycriticalborderalongXinjiang.

According to the agreement, Af-ghanistanwillnotallowanyactivitieson its soilwhich threaten the sover-eigntyandsafetyofChina.Thisrais-es some pertinent questions aboutthemannerinwhichAfghanistanhasbeen conducting itself in the past.Therehavebeenanumberofterroristtraining camps across Afghanistan,includingtheonesrunbyETIM.Manywould even argue that the coun-try was even run by terrorists for along time.A fewyearsago,analystsfrom Joint Task Force Guantanamoon counter-terrorism had pinpointedvariousplaces inAfghanistanwherenumerous ethnic Uighurs who wereheldinGuantanamowerebeingpro-videdtraining.

So why this change of heart forAfghanistan? Why is it changing itscolour suddenly andmuttering anti-terrorist rhetoric? This is because inthepast few years, Afghanistanhasbeen ravaged by internal strife and

never-endingconflicts.Theeconomyof the country is in a shambles andunemploymentstandsat35%of thetotal population. Expectedly, eventourism took a serious dent as ter-roristscontinuedtheirmerrykillingsthroughoutthelengthandbreadthofthecountry.

AfterthefalloftheTalibangovern-ment,therewasanewgovernmentinplacewhich looks educated. Led byeconomist Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai,thisgovernmentisseriousinrebuild-ing the nation and its relationshipwithothercountries.Ahmadzaidoesnotspeakthelanguageofterrorists.His upbringing is different, and histhoughtsdonotborderonedgyfun-damentalismwhenhethinksof“de-velopmentofthenation.”Heisafor-meremployeeoftheWorldBankandis the co-founder of the Institute forState Effectiveness, an organisationset up in 2005 to improve the abil-ity of states to serve their citizens.In2005hegaveaTEDtalk,inwhichhediscussedhowtorebuildabrokenstatesuchasAfghanistan.

Needless to say, the core of theAfghan administrationhas changed.So,acountrythatwasforlongclosedforoutsidersandwasahavenforter-roristsofall kinds, is showingsigns

of change. Afghanistan is trying totalk to its neighbours, including In-dia,aboutcounteringterrorism.Thiscould be a significant step for theworldtocounteractsofterrorism,asAfghanistanwasthestrongholdofallkinds of antisocial elements for thelastmanyyears.

Butnow,itseemsthereishopeforthe Afghan people. The new interimgovernment, headed by Ahmadzai,hasnotonlybeentalkingtough,butisalsoshowingthatitactuallymeansbusiness. TheTalibanhasbeen top-pledandal-QaidahaslostitsAfghanbases. About 4,000 Taliban troopshavebeenkilled,including800orsoofal-Qaida’s“AfghanArabs.”Ontheallied side, less than 600 northernalliancetroopswerekilledandtherewere only a few US combat deaths.About 7,000 Taliban and foreigntroopsweretakenprisoner,ofwhom500 or so have been transferred toUSforcustodyatGuantanamoBayinCuba.But,ofthreedozenTalibanandal-Qaida leaders on the Pentagon’smostwantedlist,only12werekilled,injuredordefected.

So helping other nations in theirfight against terrorism is the onlyrightcourseofactionleftforAfghani-stanrightnow.Positivitybreedsmore

President Ashraf Ghani Ahmadzai: Will he be able to bring peace in Afghanistan?


positivity. As Afghanistan has beenshowingsignsofjoiningtheworldintheirbattleagainstterrorism,aidhasbeenpouring in fromabroad.Apre-liminaryneedsassessmentpreparedby the World Bank, UNDP and theAsianDevelopmentBankhas identi-fiedpossiblehigh-priorityareas.

These include: a basic health-services package to reduce childand maternal mortality; an educa-tion programme to enrol over amil-liongirlsandboys in schools; rapidincrease in foodproduction throughirrigation and other programmes;increased access to safe water;shelter to facilitate resettlementand development of a nationalurban management capacity; emer-gency energy supply while restoringthe existing power system; urbanand rural employment generation;supporting local-level reconstruc-tion;andcreatingaconducivesocio-economic environment for returningrefugees.

Obviously,thenewAfghangovern-mentunderstandstheimportanceofpeacefulexistencewithothernationsforitsownrebuildingprocesstokick-

start. The country has been extend-ingitshelpinghandstojoinotherna-tionstofightterror.

Knowingtheficklehistoryoftenta-

tivegovernmentsinthatcountry,onecan only hope that this governmentstaysforalongtimetocome.

Supporters of East Turkistan Islamic Movement protesting against China in the US.

Afghan Relations with IndiaAstheUShaswithdrawnfrom

Afghanistan, the country islookingfornewpartners tokeepits internal enemies at bay. Af-ghanistan President Hamid Kar-zaiwasintouchwithPrimeMinis-terNarendraModievenbeforehebecamethePrimeMinister.

While Afghanistan is singingthe anti-terrorism songs alongwithIndia,expertspointoutthatthe real interest for the countryis the possibility of getting themuch-neededmilitaryassistancefromIndia.

Afghanistan is particularly

interested in India’s advancedcombat machinery, includingRussian-origin fighter jets andtanks that New Delhi eventuallywants to discard. These includeMiG-21 fighters and T-72 tanks,apart fromBoforshowitzers andequipmentvitalforcommandandcontrol.

AndNewDelhiisreactingposi-tivelytoo.Theofficialsofthegov-ernment recently held talkswithChina,JapanandIrantofindwaystofundAfghansecuritydemands,withapricetagofaround$4bil-lionayear.


• Rampal

Noelection result was as sur-prising as Haryana’s, whereBJP boosted its tally to 47

seats fromamere4fiveyearsago.Itwasnotonlytheformerchiefmin-isterOmPrakashChautala’scorrup-tion scandals and Sonia Gandhi’sson-in-lawRobertVadra’slanddealsbut also the party president AmitShah’s carefully-devised electoralstrategy that thepaved theway forBJP’sstunningvictory.

Unlike in Maharashtra, the BJPhardly had a presence in Haryana.IntheearlierAssemblyelection,themajority of its candidates had gottheirdepositsforfeited.

FordecadesHaryanahad been ruled by Jatleaders, an agricul-tural community whosemembersmakeupabout25 percent of the statepopulation. Nobodythought the impor-tance of non-Jatvoters until AmitShahdidit.

He sent theparty’sDalitMPsto spend daysandnightsinDalitbastis eating andsleeping with thepeople of their com-munity. There theyheld bhajans bothmorning and evening,which was followedby political discus-sions.Dalitsaccountfor20percentofthe

state’s population and successivegovernmentshadneglectedthem.

Dividing Jat votes was as impor-tant as luring a larger number ofnon-Jat votes. Therefore, the partyfielded 25 candidates from Jats,launched a scathing attack on cor-ruptionandlaidoutitsplantopun-ishthecorrupt.

Corruption is a hotly debated is-suetodayinHaryana,withitsformerchief minister Om Prakash Chau-tala spending time in jail on graftcharges. His son Ajay Chautalais also behind bars after beingconvicted of hijacking a teacher re-cruitmentprogramme.

Chautala’s INLD is in disar-ray withmost of its top leadersserving jail sentences. Con-gress leaders were not behindbars but they too were caughtin a many corruption cases,the most publicised one be-ing Robert Vadra’s land deals.Under Bhupinder Singh Hoo-da, corruption cases had sky-rocketed and there had beenseveralcomplaintsofrapeonDalitwomen.Atelectionrallies,PrimeMinister

NarendraModirepeatedlyattackedtherulingpartyforfailingtoprotectwomen. Vadra’s land deals withDLF gave ammunitionas tohowthe Congress sold the state’svalues to please Sonia Gan-dhi’sson-in-law.

As a result, the uppercastesandOBCs--roughly55% of state’s electorate–began to turn toBJP forcleaningupthemesscre-atedby thepastgovern-

A one-time stockbroker, Amit Shah has now become the master of electoral strategy. People were not fully convinced when BJP’s stunning success in UP was credited to his account. But the victory in Haryana tells the tale of his talent. He has for the first time proved that you can pull off any feat if you have a clear strategy in place.

From 4 to 47…How Did Amit Shah pull off this victory?

42 D E C E M B E R 2014

ments.Like in Maharashtra, in

Haryana too the BJP chose tofighttheelectionallalone.Ofcourse, winning seven out of10 seats in the previous LokSabha elections might haveprompted Amit Shah to avoidalliance with Haryana JanhitCongress(HJC).

HJC had not won a singleseat in the earlier parliamen-tary elections. Soon after be-coming party president, AmitShah pretended to be nego-tiating with HJC chief Bishnoiover a seat-sharing pact. Heoffered him 20 seats insteadof the 45 Bishnoi had askedfor. He also offered the postof deputy chiefminister if hispartyhadperformedwell.

Convinced that KuldeepBishnoi’s fledgling HJC hasno sway over non-Jat voters,Amit Shah shrewdly used thewranglingoverseat-sharingasa reason to break up the alli-ance. As expected, Bishnoirejected theofferand theBJPdecidedtogoitalone.

Buttherewasanothertrou-ble.TheBJPdidnothavelead-ers and organisational back-bonestrongenoughtocontestallthe90seats.

Therefore, Amit Shah choseto drag in some of the dis-gruntled leaders of other par-tiesliketheCongressandtheIndian National Lok Dal. Out47 BJP candidates who wontheelection,17hadjoinedtheparty only months before ofthepoll.

In constituencies domi-nated by non-Jat voters, AmitShah asked party orators todescribe how Hooda govern-ment had neglected them tofavourafew.

Clearly Amit Shah’s gamblehas paid off and brought incrowningglorythatthesaffronpartyhadnevertastedbeforeintheJatland.

Vadra on WatchBarely a week after BJP took oath

ofofficeinHaryana,RobertVadrashuttered all his offices and stayedaway from limelight. But the govern-ment has asked deputy commission-ers of districts – including Gurgaon,Mewat, Faridabad and Palwal – toverify howmany acres of land Vadrahas purchased and sold in the pastfewyears.

Theyarealsotoldtofigureoutifhispurchases exceeded the limit on thequantumoflandanindividualcanbuyinHaryana.

Meanwhile,AshokKhemka,theIASofficerwhoblewthewhistleonVadra’sland deals, has been transferred toDelhi to serve the Central Govern-ment.Inhisearlierletter,KhemkahadpointedouthowVadrahadexceededthis limit by purchasing hundreds ofacresacrossthestate.

As per the state law, no individualcan purchase more than 53 acres ofland.Itisbelievedthatby2009,Vadrahadpurchased146.75acresoflandinHaryana.

When Khemka annulled the land-sale deal Vadra had struck with realestatefirmDLF,thegovernment,thenledbyCongress,setupathree-mem-bercommitteetoinvestigate.Interest-ingly, thecommittee found faultwithKhemka’sdecisionratherthanVadra’sdeal.

“In an unholy haste, an unprofes-sionalandmotivatedreportwassub-mitted giving a clean chit to Vadra,forwhichthechairmanandmemberswere adequately rewarded,” Khemkalaterwroteinhisopenletter.

42 D E C E M B E R 2014

44 D E C E M B E R 2014 45D E C E M B E R 201444 D E C E M B E R 2014

• BeluruSudarshana

Heisaleadershipcoachandmythologist.He is clearcut inhis views.He isasser-

tiveinexplanations.HewilluseonlyIndianwordsandphrasesforpuranicstories.Hewillillustrateallhistheorieshimselfinfinelines.HeworksforamajorretailbusinesscompanyasChiefBeliefOf-ficer.

Welcome Devdutt Pattanaik, theauthorof“BusinessSutra”,abookfornew-agebusinessexecutives,whichde-livers themessage thatare formedoutofIndianmythological stories and characters.HerefersnotjustHindureligiousstoriesbutJainandBuddhistanecdoteswithease.Thisbookhasbusinesssolutionsrangingfromasuccessful tea stall to nurturing talent in alargemultinationalcorporation.Itisatimelypublication in the era of globalisation andsurgeofIndianmultinationalcompanies.Be-ingat thehelmofsuchconsumeristmarketbuzz,Devdutthascreatedamassivestore-houseofpuranicknowledge,withacontem-porarytinge.

ThemainplankofDevdutt’sbook is this:the Puranas, mythical stories, can be ana-lysed, re-definedandput touse inmoderntimes. While the present corporate culture

seemstobemostlyunethicalandanti-soci-etal,Devduttargues forabusinessecosys-temwhereall theactivities,fromtheownerofacompanytothesalesexecutivetofollowcertain etiquettes based on puranic narra-tives. In all the chapters, he narrates theissue, followed by a contemporary story tosupporthislineofargument.Concretereali-tiesaredecipheredandgivensolutions.Thephilosophical acuteness of his argumentsisexemplary.Thepicturesquedetailsoftheargumentsareput instylish lineartworks,createdbytheauthorhimself.

Thisbookisbornoutofhistelevisionchan-

BUSINESSSUTRAAVeryIndianApproachtoManagement

Author: Devdutt PattanaikLanguage: EnglishLength: 446 pages

Publisher: Aleph Book Company

Business SutraDesi Sutras for Modern Business


nel interviewsairedbyCNBCTVacouple of years back. Elegantlyprinted,thistreatiseprovidesanin-sightintotheinnermeaningsofthepuranic stories. Devdutt analysestherolesandresponsibilitiesofev-ery player in business effortlesslyandenlists theargumentswithoutany aberration. While the storiesare taken frommythicalworks,heiscautious.Hesaystheterminolo-gyusedarehisinterpretationsandhasnothingtodowiththepuranictimes.Thus,wecansafelysaythisisanew-ageinterpretationofinter-personal relationships, in a busi-nessatmosphere.

For example: 1) The workplaceis fullofKubijas. Inaworldwhereonly performance seems to mat-ter,theyaremediocre,atthewrongend of the bell-curve, peoplewhocan be justifiably kicked out. Andthismakestheminsecure.Theonlywaytosecuretheirjobistohavearelationshipwithpeople inpower,display loyalty by poisoning theirears against others, making the“yajaman” feel there is someonelookingoutforthem.(p-324).2)Inorganisations,weexpectamanina particular position to behave ina particular manner. We assumethat he has gained this position

because he has those qualities.But what comes first: gaining thequalitiesoracquiringtheposition?Canakingberoyalbeforehehasakingdom,ordoesthepossessionofakingdommakehimroyal?

Thetopicofprinciplesofmanage-mentisnowgettingmoreattentionthanever. Devduttdoesnothesi-tate to bring in the contemporarymanagement issues, conflict ofinterests, decision making, com-munication, teamwork, finances,fortunes, skills, performance andall such management terms andchurnsthemthroughhisworldviewof Business Sutra. Even theWest-ern, Chinese and other thoughtshavebeendissectedunderhisSu-tramicroscope.Thushehasgivenasetofaround150SutraswithanIndian approach to management.Here are some examples of theSutrashehasderivedinthisbook:

• Imagination expands humanhunger.

• Upstreamforcesneedtobebal-ancedbydownstreamforces.

• We often forget that others seetheworlddifferently.

• Growth happens when we in-clude those whom we once ex-cluded.

• Toprovokeathought,wehavetolearnpatience.AddingtohisSutras,Devdutthas

also provided the Business SutraVocabulary, where he has enlist-ed the old and new meanings forpuranicwords.

Devdutt’sexplanationsarebroadand deep. He delves upon all theangles.Heraisesthequestionsweoftenwishtoask.Simplyput, thisbook is a brilliant display of inge-nious,desiarguments.

About the author Devdutt Pattanaik haswritten over 25 books and

400 articles on Indian mythology for everyonefromadultstochildren.Since2007,hehasbeenex-plaining the relationship between mythology andmanagement through his column in the EconomicTimes; the talk he gave at the TED India conferencein2009;andtheshowBusinessSutrawhichransuc-cessfullyonCNBC-TV18 in2010,besidesnumerousother lecturesat Indianuniversitiesandmanagement institutes.Trainedtobeadoctor,hespent15years in the healthcare (Apollo Health Street) and pharmaceutical (SanofiAventis)industriesandworkedbrieflywithErnst&YoungasbusinessadviserbeforeheturnedhispassionintoavocationandjoinedthethinktankoftheFutureGroupasitsChiefBeliefOfficer.


There are clear signs of the economy looking up. Inflation has come down drastically and industrial output has gone up. Foreign investors are once again looking at India with great expectations as the Modi Government readies itself to initiate drastic reforms. The Prime Minister’s “Make in India” call has been heard loud and clear by the business honchos abroad and they are waiting with bated breadth for the next crucial step that the government is going to take.

Signs of UpswingAs per the latest data put out by

the Central Statistics Office, theeconomy seems to be looking up.Industrialproduction,backedby thecapitalgoodssegment, rose inSep-temberby2.5% (year-on-year). Thisis considered the fastest in the lastthreemonths.At thesametime, theconsumerprice index camedown to5.5 % in October, the lowest in theprevious three months. The slide ininflationisattributedtoafallinfoodandfuelprices.AllthishasaddedtotheexpectationsofinvestorsthattheRBIislikelytocutinterestrates.

Meanwhile, expectations of re-formsand theoverall good showingontheeconomicfronthaveenthusedthe foreign investors too. Aidedby strong foreign fund buying, theSensex closed above the 28,000-markonThursday,November 13, forthefirsttimeever,addingRs.30,000croretotheinvestors’wealthonasin-gle day. BSE’s market capitalizationisnowputatarecordhighofRs.98.3lakh crore. A significant factor thathas ledtotherecordrise in index isthefallincrudeprices.

The fall in oil prices will boost fortheeconomyasIndiaisabigimport-er of energy. This will also help nar-rowdown the current account deficitwhich has already declined from 5%of GDP in 2013 to 2% this year. Butthe investors are expecting radicalreforms, especially in the bankingsector. Years of mismanagement bygovernmentbankshasleftthemwithlittlecapitaltolendtolargeborrowers

althoughtheydispenseabout70%ofbankloans.Andthegovernmentlacksfundstorecapitalisethem.Inordertosustain theenthusiasmandexpecta-tions of the investors and entrepre-neurs, the Modi government shouldmake full use of the current atmo-sphereofbybringing in reforms thatwill go a longway in stimulating theeconomyandgeneratingemployment.

Theforeigntradefront,however,isnotsorosysinceexportsfellby5%inOctober,mainlyduetoacontractionin engineering goods exports, gemsand jewellery and pharmaceuticals.At the same time, imports went up,widening the trade deficit to $13.4billion. Thiswillputpressureon thegovernmentandtheRBItorestrictim-portofgold,sincegoldandcrudeoilare the main components of India’simports. According to the commercedepartment data, imports rose by3.6% to $39.4 billion with gold im-portsalonegoingupbyfourtimesinOctober and silver importsdoubled.Economists fear that the rise in bul-lion imports might neutralise thepositiveimpactofcrudeoilpricede-cline.Traderssay that thedecline inexports was due to the weak senti-mentintheUSandEurope.

In order to boost savings and en-courageinvestment,thegovernmenthasrelaunchedtheKisanVikasPatraandoffered todouble theKVPhold-er’s investment in 100months. TherevampedKisanVikasPatrasofferanannualizedreturnof8.7%,but inter-estaccruedistaxable.Thisisconsid-

eredanegativeaspectoftheschemeas the Public Provident Fund offersthe same interest rate which is tax-free.KVP,however,willhelpthegov-ernmentgarnersubstantialfunds.

Onthecorporatefront,thebignewsisthebuyoutofBangalore-basedINGVysyaBankbyKotakMahindraBankat a whopping price of Rs.1,04,734crore.This isconsidered thebiggestmerger and acquisition in the bank-ingsector.WiththisacquisitionKotakMahindrahasbecomethefourthlarg-estprivatebank.

Thereisconcernovertheslowpaceofglobaleconomicgrowth.Thejust-concluded G20 meeting in Australiahasaddressed thisproblemandde-cided on some measures to stimu-lategrowth.PrimeMinisterNarendraModi also took an active interest inthedeliberations.

The PrimeMinisters of both coun-tries signed a long-term agreementon security co-operation and alsodecided to sign a long-pending freetradeagreement.Both thecountrieswillalsosignaciviliannuclearagree-ment which will enable India to im-port uranium from Australia. At hisround-table conference with Austra-lianbusinessmenheidentifiedgreentechnology, LNG and tourism sectorwheretheycaninvestwithouthassle.Othersectorswherehesoughtinvest-ments from Australian industrialistsincludedIT,educationandbanking.

FDI Flows on the Rise; Sensex at New Peak


India ranked first in food sustainability in every Greendex

The latest Greendex survey by theNational Geo-graphicSocietyandtheresearchconsultingfirm

GlobeScanmeasuredconsumptionhabitsandatti-tudesin18countries.TheGreendexisaquantitativestudyof18,000consumersinatotalof18countriesonenergyconsumptionandconservation,transpor-tation choices, food sources, relative use of greenproducts versus packaged products, attitudes to-wardtheenvironmentandsustainability.

India,whichhasrankedfirstinfoodsustainabilityineveryGreendex,cameoutfaraheadagain,thankstoitsculturallydictatedeatinghabits.Mostofthemarevegetariansandthosewhodon’tpreferbeef,themostenvironmentallydamagingmeat.Indianshavereducedtheamountof importedfoodtheyeatandincreased their consumption of locally produced,homegrownandorganicfoods.

Consumers in every country aremore concernedaboutfoodsafetytodaythantheywerein2012.Chi-neseworrymostafterarecentseriesoftaintedfoodscare.Mexicans ranked last in the Greendexmea-sureoffoodduetoadietheavyinbeefandchicken.America’s junk food culture means its consumerseatthemostprocessedandpackagedfoodsandthefewestfruitsandvegetables.

Despitetheindustrialworld’srelativeresistancetochange, theGreendexoffers reason forhope.Con-sumers in five countries with a total of 1.8 billionpeople—Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, China and In-dia—allhaveakeenappetiteandgreatpotentialforchange.Manyconsumers in thosecountries,whengiveninformationabouthowtheirhabitsaffectthe

environment, indicated that they were open to al-tering theirbehavior inways thatwouldcontributeto a more sustainable planet. The study observesthat thedevelopingworld ismorenimble, lessen-trenchedthanthedevelopedworldandhenceeasilyconsiderthegreeneroption.

India must strengthen soft power: G Parthasarathy

IndiaPolicyFoundationrecentlyorganisedadebateon‘India-Chinaborderdisputeandwayforward’in

whichformerdiplomatGParthasarathyspokeinde-tailabouttheChinesethreat,realityandwhereIndiastands.Heoutlinedthepolicyparalysisandleader-ship’sinabilitytounderstandtherealthreat.Heevenmentioned some historical blunders committed bytheleadersofthecountry.

Parthasarathysaidthatmostofthepolicymakersin India are suffering from inferiority complex vis-a-visChina.IfthecountryhastodealwithChina,itmustshunthisinferioritycomplex.

HehighlightedseveralotherissuestocounterChi-naandsaidthatIndiamustdevelopindigenousin-dustries,especiallyindefensesector.Indiahastheadvantage that the US and European UnionwouldnotsupplyarmstoChinabutIndiacanprocurethem.

Besides this, defense expenditure of India hasgonedown toanall-time lowwhereas theChinesedefenseexpenditureiscontinuouslyincreasing.

ThereisnodenyingthefactthatcreationofBud-dhistcircuitisgoingtoproveadividendnotonlyinterms of economy but strategically as well. It willprovetobeveryhelpfulforthecountry.However,hewasverysadabouttourisminIndiatermingIndiaasthemost touristunfriendlycountrywithsixmillionforeigntouristsacrossthecountrywhileParisalonereceives80millioneveryweek.

Evangelist arrested for proselytisation atop Tirumala

AvideoofChristianmissionaryallegedlyconvert-ingpeoplerightoutsidethemaincomplexofthe


Tirumala Venkateswara Temple has generated de-bateafteritsurfacedonYouTuberecently.

The video shows aman,who introduces himselfasSudhirMondithoka,ashevideotapeshisjourneytothetopofthehillonwhichthetempleislocatedwhileherepeatedlymakessomedegradingremarksabout the presiding deity Lord Venkateswara orVishnu,oneof the trinities in theHindupantheon,togetherwithBrahmaandShiva.AninternetsearchrevealsthatSudhirMondithokaisthedirectorofIm-manuelBaptistMinistriesof India,Hyderabad, and he has producedthis video on the Seven Hills toshowtohisAmericanMissionarieswho fund his lucrative missionaryactivities.

According to a report in TheHindu, TTD Executive Officer M.G.Gopal said he would not tolerateany kind of activity which wouldundermine the religious dignity oftheplace.Instructionswereissuedtoofficialsconcernedtoprobetheissue.Itmayberecalledthatagov-ernment Order (No.746) prohibitsreligiousconversionsandcanvass-inginfavourofotherreligionsatopthetemple.TheprobeisongoingtoseeifthisvideoviolatestheGO.

In2007, theAPgovernmenthadissuedtwoordinances:(1)prohibit-ingproselytisationontheTTDHilland(2)declaringTTD and about 20 other religious places as DivyaKshetrams.

Areportinthe“DeccanChronicle”saidthat“Thepastor, SudhirMondithoka, who is responsible fortheepisodeandwhohailsfromHyderabad,justifiedhisactsandsaidhedidnothingwrong.Thepastormentionedthat‘secular’copsandthevigilancewingsleuthshelpedhimreachTirumalawithoutanydif-ficultyandalsoreiteratedthatnoneofthesecurityofficials told him his deeds were prohibited at Ti-rumala.

China successfully tests laser weapon to shoot down drones

Chinarecentlyclaimedtohavesuccessfullytestedahomemadelaserdefencesystemspeciallytar-

getingsmall-scaledronesflyingatlowaltitude.Theweaponisabletoshootdownvarioussmallaircraftwithinatwo-kilometreradiusandcandosoinfiveseconds after locating its target, said a statementreleasedbytheChinaAcademyofEngineeringPhys-ics,oneofthesystem’sco-developers.

Characterised by its speed, precision and low

noise,thesystemisdesignedtodestroyunmanned,small-scale drones flyingwithin an altitude of 500metresandataspeedbelow50m/s,state-runXin-


huanewsagencyreported.Yi Jinsong,amanagerwithChina JiuyuanHi-Tech

EquipmentCorp,agroupundertheacademyspear-heading the project, said that intercepting suchdrones is usually thework of snipers and helicop-ters,but their success rate isnotashighandmis-takeswithaccuracycanresultinunwanteddamage.According toYi, small-scale,unmanneddronesarerelativelycheapandeasy-to-use,whichmakesthemalikelychoiceforterrorists.

In addition, concerns have been raised overdrones engaged in unlicensed mapping activitiesand theaffect thiscouldhaveonmilitaryandcivilaerialactivities.

Thenewlasersystem,whichwilleitherbeinstalledortransportedinvehicles,isexpectedtoplayakeyrole inensuringsecurityduringmajorevents inur-banareas,thestatementsaid,addingthatarecenttestsawthemachinesuccessfullyshootdownmorethan30drones--a100percentsuccessrate.

Theacademysaiditwasdevelopingsimilarlasersecuritysystemswithgreaterpowerandrange.Itistobenotedthatthedroneindustryhasbeenboom-inginrecentyears,withthechallengetobuildsmall,hard-to-trackdronesthataredifficultshootdown.

India urges Security council to Act

India has told the UN Security Council that con-demningterrorismforpoliticalpurposesiscounter-

productive.Ithasurgedtheworldbodytodesignitsresolutionstofightglobalmenaceinthetruesense.

AccordingtoIndia,theworkingmethodsoftheSe-curityCouncilhavesomedrawbacks indrawingupmandatesofUNpeacekeepingoperations.Also,theimpactsofitsmethodsdilutetheinternationaleffortagainstterrorism.

Indiahasstatedthatterrorismisfastemergingasthesingle-most importantchallenge to themainte-nanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Thecoun-tryhascalledtohaveareporttothewidermember-shipof theUNwithrespect tothe latest resolutionadoptedbytheCouncillastmonth.

One of the provisions in the resolution calls onmember states to assist in criminal investigations

relating to the financing orsupport of terrorist acts andforeign fighters. Other provi-sions were on improving co-operation among nations totakestepstostopthetravelofforeignterroristsandtoshareinformationtoidentifythem.

Indiahasstatedthatitscon-cern is that the currentwork-ingmethods,whichhavebeenprovisionally applied sincetheCouncilwasestablished,havedeviatedfromtheclearprovisions.

India to buy arms from Israel

India has decided to purchase Israel’s Spikeanti-tank guided missile. In the process, the

country has spurned a rival US offer of Javelinmissiles. The US had tried its best to win thislucrativeoffer.

In a deal worth 32bn rupees ($525m), India willbuyatleast8,000Spikemissilesandmorethan300launchers.

According to experts, the Indian government islooking to clear thebacklogofdefenceordersandenhancethecountry’sfirepower.ThisdecisionhasbeenmadeaftertherecentbordertensionswithChi-naandheavyexchangesoffirewithPakistanacrosstheKashmirifrontier.

Spikeisaman-portable“fireandforget”anti-tank

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missilethatlocksontotargetsbeforeshooting.Itisproducedby Israel’sRafaelAdvancedDefenceSys-tems. Itbeatout the rivalUS Javelinweaponssys-tem, built by LockheedMartin Corp and RaytheonCo.

Senior US officials had said they were still dis-cussingthe JavelinorderaspartofabroaderpushtodeependefenceindustrytieswithIndia.AnalystsestimatethatIndia,theworld’slargestarmsbuyer,will invest sizeablemoney in upgrading its Soviet-eramilitaryhardwareandclosethegaponstrategicrivalChina,whichspendsthreetimesasmuchayearondefence.

India forms IP Think Tank

The Indian Government has finally constituted amuchneededthinktanktodraftanationalpolicy

onthesubjectofintellectualproperty.ThisdecisioncomesastheUStraderepresentativehaslaunchedanadditional reviewof India’s intellectualproperty

rights(IPR)regime.According to a statement issued by the Depart-

mentof IndustrialPolicyandPromotion(DIPP), thethink tank will consist of six members. It will beheadedbyJusticePrabhaSridevan,formerchairper-sonoftheIntellectualPropertyAppellateBoard.ShewillidentifyareasintheIPR“wherestudyneedstobeconductedandfurnishrecommendationsinthisregardtotheministry.”

The think tank is expected to offer views on thepossibleimplicationsofdemandsplacedbythene-gotiating partners. It is also expected to keep thegovernment regularly informed about the develop-ments takingplace in IPRcaseswhichhavean im-pactuponIndia’sIPRpolicy.

Lastmonth,itwasalsoannouncedthatthecoun-trywillhaveapolicyonIPRtosafeguarditsinterestsinthefield.Indiahasbeenunderpressurefromthedeveloped countries, mainly the US, regarding itsIPRregime,especiallyinthepharmasector.Throughthepolicy, India isaimingatbranding itselfas thepro-IPregime.

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RNI KARENG/2000/2368 Aseema English Monthly. Postal Reg. MNG/504/2012-2014Publishing and Posting date : First of every month @ konchady post office

Aseema december 2014

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