ASCE Geo-Institute Deep Foundations Committee

Meeting Minutes 26 March 2012 Location: GeoCongress 2012

Marriott City Center Oakland, CA Committee Chairman: Brian Anderson Recorded by: Robert Thompson The meeting was called to order at 8:12 p.m. PDT by Brian Anderson, Committee Chairman.

1. Introductions 2. Meeting Minutes (B. Anderson): Minutes of the previous two committee meetings (14 Mar 11, Dallas, TX

and 10 Feb 12, E-mail) were discussed and approved. 3. Shallow Foundations Committee (B. Anderson): Ken Struzik, Chair of Shallow Foundations Committee

(SFC), attended this committee meeting to look at how we do things and provide an update of the “revival” of the SFC.

a. The SFC is working on membership “drive” – looking for leads; The G-I allows members to be on two committees. The SFC has some items on their agenda that need active members to achieve/perform. Email him with leads for potential committee members.

b. There was discussion of conference paper reviews – some shallow foundations papers come to us. We’ll need to be more deliberate in getting SFC involved in reviews.

c. K. Struzik stated that the SFC was welcome to have corresponding members from the DFC to be on the SFC email list, to keep up with what is going on.

d. B. Anderson suggested that we could easily promote interaction due to overlap. e. J. Niehoff volunteered to be liaison to SFC for the DFC. f. M. Suleiman noted that there were 4 or 5 shallow foundations papers for this conference that

came to DFC for review. 4. Leadership Succession (B. Anderson)

a. This issue has been on the agenda for a while now. b. We had two nominations for Vice-Chair, but one withdrew. c. B. Anderson will reopen the nominations process and schedule the election within next 2 months.

5. Midyear Meeting (B. Anderson) a. A mid-year conference call is not working for our group, or at least for having most or all

members participate. b. B. Anderson suggested that we have a mid-year meeting at TRB since a large number of regular

committee meeting attenders usually attend TRB. We can possibly setup a call in for those that can’t make it to TRB. The Technical Committee Chairs (TCC) wants committees to have a mid-year meeting to check in on issues, make sure things are moving.

c. M.E. Bruce offered that it may also be possible to find a time at the DFI annual conference in the fall of the year.

d. L Smith suggested Sunday at TRB may be good for the schedule (during day).

Geo-Institute Deep Foundations Committee Marriott City Center, Oakland, CA 26 Mar 2012 Page 2

e. After further discussion, B. Anderson stated he would work toward scheduling a mid-year meeting at TRB this year as a trial.

6. Committee Membership Review (B. Anderson): a. There was a discussion on committee membership – the committee has grown very large. There

are no G-I rules for discharge of members, but the G-I does have guidelines to judge participation of members. The committees are not meant to be a resume builder where people join just to be on the list.

b. There was discussion on what should be considered as “active” ion the committee – meeting attendance, paper reviews, etc. F. Kulhawy noted that years back there was a term to the committee appointment (2 or 3 years). B. Anderson noted something like this could be done – if someone is not active within a certain period, say 3 years, then they would be “not renewed” for committee membership.

c. After further discussion, B. Anderson stated that we would start a re-committal process by asking all current members to recommit to the committee. All members would start with a 3 year term. If no activity in the 3 years, the member would be non-renewed for the next term.

d. L. Smith volunteered to be the Membership Coordinator to assist B. Anderson. 7. Notes From Technical Committee Chairs (TCC) meeting (B. Anderson):

a. Pushing for committees to have mid-year meetings as mentioned before. b. Pushing for younger members to be involved and engaged. The definition of “younger” can be

several things: maybe <35yrs old, or new to participating in GI activities. c. There is money available for special projects. We were not successful in getting funding for a

student to help with Fellenius GSP. A group got some funds to go to Japan after the recent earthquake/tsunami. If there is an activity or event that would add value to the GI or the DFC, let Brian know to apply. It is an easy application with quick turnaround. The funds are usually not spent. There may be some preference for collaborative projects, matching funds, etc. – being part of a bigger effort.

d. The GI wants more folks appointed as “executive level” appointments or positions within committees.

i. Awards (we have that) ii. Membership - L Smith volunteered

e. Upcoming conferences i. GI Board Level TF – trying to tackling issues about the annual meeting.

1. Will remain in first quarter 2. Will be at a major destination city 3. Child care is still on the table. D. Laefer noted that we need to select hotels

where it is feasible – either on-site staff or allowed to bring in staff. ii. Schedule (See No. 10 and 11 below)

f. D.GE – promoting committee members to be Diplomates g. Participation in ASCE or G-I webinars

i. There was some discussion of the ADSC live/recorded streaming with FHWA at the recent 2012 Expo, some discussion of experiences of members with webinars (limitations to participants, quality, communicating, etc.). Problem with ASCE is rubber stamp review. The G-I is doing peer review of webinars.

ii. Discussion of value of webinars – is it money or information? iii. B. Camp says Board of Directors (BOD) is getting feedback from members to offer

webinars for inexpensive PDHs.

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iv. M. Iskander noted that the Continuing Education Committee is looking at offering some free content through the G-I website.

v. Group consensus is that it is not a priority to our committee. h. Younger member participation – some of our budget is to subsidize YM participation. There are

also travel grants at G-I level. The committee was challenged to get YM in our companies to use grants (applications through the YM committee).

i. Underground Construction Committee is being revived. j. ASCE will not be hosting committee websites.

8. Awards (D. Laefer, B. Anderson): a. No submittals last year, will work to have some this coming awards year cycle. b. Paper awards - Self nominating is OK; Papers do not have to be published in ASCE publications –

outside publications can be nominated. c. The Kapp Award is a good one for our committee to provide nominees. We made a nomination

last cycle but they were not selected. d. The committee intends to re-nominate Dan Brown for the Peck Award in the near future.

9. Website/E-mail Listserv (R. Thompson): a. Committee members were encouraged to submit content that is informational in nature (not

commercial) in the deep foundations field. The website/blog is a platform for the committee and its members to distribute information.

b. Reminder that when using the Listserv list for sending an e-mail to the committee, to reply to specific person, not to the list. Also, the Listserv does not host attachments. If you have an attachment that needs hosting, send to Robert and he will host it on our blog in a non-public location and send the link for using in an e-mail.

10. Future Conferences (from TCC meeting) (B. Anderson): a. 2013 – San Diego – Slope Stability Committee

i. R. Liang has submitted a session proposal, still room for sessions, but cutoff is Friday. ii. There will be plenty of deep foundations papers (unsolicited outside of the sessions) to

review – there were 63 for this congress. iii. M. Suleiman will be the DFC manager for unsolicited papers. Please be on alert for

request from him, review one or two. iv. Some discussion on dividing up into sessions, assigning reviewers, etc. for unsolicited

papers– some people do not respond. b. 2014 – Jacksonville, FL or Atlanta, GA – Site Characterization for Sustainability. c. 2015 – San Antonio, TX – IFFCE with ADSC/DFI/PDCA (Tentative). d. 2015 – Specialty conference TBA

i. 2016 – Proposed congress of G-I/SEI/CI – should be reasonable participation of DFC. T. Marinucci will make contact to discuss bridging construction 2015-2016

e. 2016 - Specialty Conference TBA f. 2017 – Supposed to be a GeoFrontiers conference, but name is uncertain due to copyright issues. g. 2017 – Case Histories Conference h. 2022 – Grouting Conference

11. Future Conferences (DFC) (B. Anderson): a. 2015 – Still tentative to be an IFCEE in San Antonio, TX – contracts and agreements are not

completed. ADSC still evaluating recently completed Expo with the hotel, then meetings among partnering organizations. We will want to utilize institutional memory from 2009, plus involve new people. If anyone has a particular interest, contact Brian.

Geo-Institute Deep Foundations Committee Marriott City Center, Oakland, CA 26 Mar 2012 Page 4

12. Geotechnical Special Publications (B. Anderson, others): a. Fellenius sessions went well at this congress. b. Kulhawy

i. M. Hussein, K.K. Phoon, and Jim Withiam are co-editors. Over 50 abstracts have been solicited. They will need some reviewers, but many will be done by the authors reviewing other papers. Shooting for early October completion of papers to get into print in time for 2013 conference.

ii. DFC will have a symposium for this GSP at 2013. c. Olson: M. Iskander provided a draft Call for Abstracts that is to be issued soon for 2014. d. Holtz: in the works, by others for 2013.

13. Current Congress Review (B. Anderson, M. Suleiman, Others): a. DFC provided 3 each SOA/SOP speakers. b. Most DFC content is on Wednesday. c. Fellenius sessions went well. d. M. Suleiman – 73 abstracts, 63 papers – 3 Sessions (DF-I, DF-II, Foundations) plus 1 poster session,

7 to 8 papers each. Had a few first time presenters. All papers had 2 reviews, some had 3. Felt that maybe we started a little late due to communications issues with the organizing committee, maybe rushed for our reviewers. We need DFC members to respond yes or no to review requests. If agreed, please let the paper manager know if your status changes or the review deadline hits vacation, etc. Don’t just let it go and not respond. Some discussion followed of strategies for getting reviews done.

14. Energy Foundations Subcommittee (M. Suleiman): a. Planned to have subcommittee call/meeting by now, but did not. May broaden the task of the

subcommittee to include sustainable foundations. Will keep same group to stand it up, will prepare a plan for next meeting.

b. Discussion of previous sessions on energy foundations at other conferences. We need to get involvement of this committee in this arena, get this issue/area to be under the DFC or shared with another committee. Look at authors of previous papers, reach out to leaders in this area of practice.

15. Wind Turbine/Electrical System Foundations (P. Kandaris): a. Idea of sharing information and ideas with G-I and others was brought up at last EPRI meeting. b. Developing load test information of full scale testing with O-Cell; movement in EPRI is toward

sharing data outside of EPRI. c. Utilities are sponsoring more full scale foundation tests. d. Discussion by T. Marinucci of efforts of ADSC/FHWA in this area. e. There is interest in EPRI to get cooperation moving with GI and others. f. EPRI research data – Possible effort to make some reports over 5 years old available for public

use. F. Kulhawy provided a list of publications for EPRI from Cornell that is attached to these minutes. He also offered that he has scanned the four EL-5507 reports and could send copies to those who are interested. R. Thompson may add a post or link on the DFC blog.

g. Movement to Reliability Based Design is moving very slowly. A lot of transmission lines to be built in the near future – design methodology needs to catch up.

h. Wind Industry – Spread foundations still predominate, some micropiles – an accounting decision more than a technical decision, mostly driven by two large firms in the industry.

i. Utilities moving to outside engineering, contractor designs, not using only internal designs.

Geo-Institute Deep Foundations Committee Marriott City Center, Oakland, CA 26 Mar 2012 Page 5

j. B Anderson: the DFC needs to have a group/subcommittee on energy infrastructure staying on top of this, being involved with EPRI. T. Marinucci and P. Kandaris will keep an eye on it and let the committee know when to bring more DFC members into it.

16. Cooperating Organizations a. ADSC (T. Marinucci):

i. 2012 Expo – 2000 participants, equipment yard, indoor exhibits, technical sessions, FHWA virtual expo.

ii. ADSC and DFI partnering on two Task Forces with some FHWA involvement. 1. Slurry – eventually get to a guide specification. 2. Rebar – cages for shafts and slurry walls – improve design/constructability.

iii. Several upcoming events this year. iv. Next faculty workshop being planned for 2016.

b. PDCA (S. Hall): i. Updated strategic planning with the PDCA Board of Directors, focusing on increasing

education offerings, increase international exposure, work with organizations with common interests.

ii. Annual conference is April 25-27 in Albuquerque, NM. iii. Inspectors course, dynamic testing, DICEP all coming up this year. iv. Working on a pilot course with J. DiMaggio on LRFD design for driven piles. v. Local Chapters are active in education seminars and engineering scholarship funding;

starting new chapter in TX. c. DFI (M.E. Bruce): Submitted a written report (attached) and gave a brief summary.

17. G-I Board (B. Camp): G-I is currently short a staff member that resigned suddenly late in conference process. The remaining staff has carried the load well.

18. New Business a. Pile Standard Balloting (D. Gerhkin): There was an ASCE level standard. The GI Codes and

Standards Committee was working on it, but it seems to have gotten lost/died/floundered. B. Camp suggested that we work with the PDCA code committee; M.E. Bruce suggested adding the DFI Driven Pile committee to the effort.

19. Next meetings a. Group to meet at TRB, maybe some other mid-year meeting or conference call. b. March 3-6, 2013 San Diego, CA. Date and time TBA.

The meeting was adjourned at 11:03 p.m. by Brian Anderson, Committee Chairman.

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OPPORTUNITIES FOR COLLABORATION DEEP FOUNDATIONS INSTITUTE – MARCH 2012 Projects and Initiatives • International Building Code Change Proposals: DFI monitoring proposals, feedback due to

DFI by April 13, 2012, DFI will have representative at code hearing (May 2012, Dallas). • USACE-DFI Seepage Cutoff Working Group: DFI-U.S. Army Corps of Engineers working

group to improve technical, contractual and quality aspects of seepage cutoff projects. Completed cutoff practice workshop in Deerfield Beach, FL. Working group website established (passcode access). USACE engineering manual progressing. USACE-DFI workshop on drilling and grouting practices to be held July 2012 in Pittsburgh.

• Cutoff wall symposium to be organized through DFI, likely in 2014. • Embodied Energy Calculator: DFI working with EFFC on project based, standardized carbon

calculator. Collaboration with Committee on Geological and Geotechnical Engineering (COGGE) roundtable meeting on Energy Efficiency of Geotechnical Systems (workshop December 15, 2011 in Washington, DC.)

• Energy Piles Research: Ongoing collaboration on energy piles with Virginia Tech, including field test programs and workshops. A VT/DFI workshop in June 2010 brought together industry participants to provide practical input to the research program. Through the collaboration with DFI, VT had access to contractors and proposals for additional field test sites, and through participation of industry, funding was expanded through an NSF industry-academia liaison funding vehicle. Four more field test sites are ongoing by DFI members (Gary, IN; Baltimore, MD; College Station, TX; and Houston, TX). DFI will work with VT to co-organize future workshop in Switzerland. Test program in Blacksburg expanded to investigate bridge deck deicing on a bridge deck constructed over existing energy piles. Session on bridge deck deicing suggested for 2013 TRB conference.

• Panel Reinforcement Advisory Board: Letter of commitment to work with professors at VT as an institutional partner to support research efforts into the use of panel reinforcement (soil mixing or jet grouting) for reducing earthquake induced ground shaking.

• Pile Cap Research: Joint funding with Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute of white paper on state of practice of pile cap design, including strategic plan for research and development.

• NHI Courses: Partnership with National Highway Institute and FHWA to deliver geotechnically-related courses.

• Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitats (CTBUH): collaboration between seismic design committees.

• Journal Network: pursuing development of a network of collaborators on articles for the DFI journal.

• Sustainability: challenging all technical committees to outline sustainable aspects of subject technologies.

• Stabilizing Fluid and Rebar Design Task Forces: joint projects with ADSC.

Research Funding - DFI Committee Project Fund • Funds DFI Committee Projects up to $30k. Inaugural year (2012) funding $100k. Six

projects funded for 2012 (ACIP Piles, Slurry Walls, Sustainability, Drilled Shafts, Ground Improvement, Landslides Committees). Proposals must be submitted through Committees. RFP for 2013 funding to be issued May 1, 2012 deadline December 1, 2012.

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Publications • Wick Drain Specification: material standards, equipment requirements, project submittals,

construction methodology, measurement/payment (2012). • Design Guide for Seismic and Lateral Loads: recommended methods for analysis, design and

testing of piles for lateral loads (2012). • Soil Mixing Recommendations: design, construction and QC/QA, measurement and

payment (2012). • Guidance Document for Liquefaction Mitigation: commentary on suitability of liquefaction

mitigation techniques (2012-2013). • Interpretation of NDT Results: overview of use of NDT methods for augered cast-in-place

piles. • Guide to Selection of Cutoff Methods: overview of cutoff methods and selection criteria • Separate Standard Specifications for Helical Anchors, Compression Piles and Soil Nails. • DFI Practice Guidelines for Structural Slurry Walls: translation to Spanish. • Many other publications underway. DFI Events – more detail provided on DFI Calendar at www.dfi.org Apr 13, 2012 West Haven, CT 2nd Annual DFI-CSCE Spring Workshop DFI, CSCE Apr 19, 2012 St. Louis, MO Liquefaction State-of-the-Art Forum: Consequences and Mitigation DFI May 16-17, 2012 Portland, OR SuperPile 2012 DFI Jun 14, 2012 Denver, CO Current Topics in Helical Foundations & Tiebacks Technologies DFI Jun 17-20, 2012 Sao Paolo, BR SEFE7: 7th Seminar on Special Foundations Engineering and Geotechnics & 1st

Foundation Industry and Geotechnics Fair DFI, ABEF, ABMS, ABEG Jun 28, 2012 Calgary, Alberta,

Canada Driven Piling Technologies for the 21st Century DFI, PDCA, Calgary Geotechnical Society

Jul 9, 2012 Pittsburgh, PA DFI Educational Trust 7th Annual Golf Outing DFI Educational Trust Jul 26, 2012 Detroit, MI Slurry Wall Seminar: Diaphragm Wall in Urban Environment DFI Aug 15-16, 2012 Nashville, TN Deep Foundations for Landslides/Slope Stabilization Seminar DFI Sep 18, 2012 Monroe Township,

NJ 2nd Annual Golf Outing and Reception Fundraiser DFI Educational Trust & ACE Mentor Program of NJ

Oct 3-6, 2012 Milan, Italy 11th International Workshop on Micropiles DFI-ADSC-ISM Alliance Oct 16, 2012 Houston, TX Augered Cast-in-Place Pile Short Course DFI Oct 16, 2012 Houston, TX Design and Constructability of Diaphragm Wall DFI Oct 16, 2012 Houston, TX Practical, Prudent, and Effective Use of Computer Software for Lateral Analysis of

Deep Foundations DFI Oct 16-19, 2012 Houston, TX 37th Annual Conference on Deep Foundations DFI DFI Trust – scholarships at six universities annually, smaller at-large scholarships at other universities to be awarded in 2012, fundraising events held nationally. DFI Student Chapters – being developed at seven universities, including American University in Dubai. DFI Statistics • Over 2700 members • Over 55 countries • 15 technical committees • Three active regional committees – India, Europe and Middle East • Magazine – published six times per year • Journal – inviting papers, please consider • www.onemine.org – as part of membership, DFI members may download DFI documents,

and also mining and tunneling documents free of charge, DFI sent passcodes to members

FRED H. KULHAWY EPRI REPORTS Page 1 THE FOLLOWING IS A LISTING OF ALL TECHNICAL REPORTS DEVELOPED AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY UNDER EPRI RESEARCH PROJECT (RP) 1493. BEGINNING LATE 2008, EPRI FINALLY BEGAN TO MAKE THESE REPORTS AVAILABLE TO THE GENERAL PUBLIC AT NO CHARGE. THEY PREVIOUSLY WERE RATHER COSTLY. IT IS MY UNDERSTANDING THAT MOST WILL BE AVAILABLE IN DUE TIME. AS OF FEB 2009, ALL HIGHLIGHTED IN GREY ARE AVAILABLE AT WWW.EPRI.COM (at home page, in upper-right search dialog, click on EPRI.com & enter report number, then look for the title). PERSONALLY, I DO NOT THINK EPRI WILL SCAN & MAKE AVAILABLE #2,9,15,16,28. I HOPE THEY DO THE REST. 1 FH Kulhawy, CH Trautmann, JF Beech, TD O'Rourke, W McGuire, WA Wood & C Capano,

"Transmission Line Structure Foundations for Uplift-Compression Loading", Rpt. EL-2870, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Feb 1983, 412 p.

2 FH Kulhawy, TD O'Rourke, JP Stewart & JF Beech, "Transmission Line Structure Foundations for Uplift-Compression Loading: Load Test Summaries", Rpt. EL-3160, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Jun 1983, 729 p.

3 CV Stas & FH Kulhawy, "Critical Evaluation of Design Methods for Foundations Under Axial Uplift & Compression Loading", Rpt. EL-3771, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Nov 1984, 198 p.

4 KA Pease & FH Kulhawy, "Load Transfer Mechanisms in Rock Sockets & Anchors", Rpt. EL-3777, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Nov 1984, 102 p.

5 JF Callanan & FH Kulhawy, "Evaluation of Procedures for Predicting Foundation Uplift Movements", Rpt. EL-4107, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Aug 1985, 124 p.

6 JP Turner & FH Kulhawy, "Experimental Analysis of Drilled Shaft Foundations Subjected to Repeated Axial Loads Under Drained Conditions", Rpt. EL-5325, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Aug 1987, 350 p.

7 JP Turner, FH Kulhawy & WA Charlie, "Review of Load Tests on Deep Foundations Subjected to Repeated Loading", Rpt. EL-5375, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Aug 1987, 554 p.

8 JF Beech & FH Kulhawy, "Experimental Study of Undrained Uplift Behavior of Drilled Shaft Foundations", Rpt. EL-5323, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Oct 1987, 350 p.

9 CH Trautmann & FH Kulhawy, "CUFAD - Computer Program for Compression & Uplift Foundation Analysis & Design", Rpt. EL-4540-CCM(16), Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Oct 1987, 148 p. [Rpt. EL-6420(16), Jun 1990 for Ver. 2.0]

10 A Hirany & FH Kulhawy, "Conduct & Interpretation of Load Tests on Drilled Shaft Foundations: Detailed Guidelines", Rpt. EL-5915(1), Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Jul 1988, 374 p.

11 JP Carter & FH Kulhawy, "Analysis & Design of Drilled Shaft Foundations Socketed Into Rock", Rpt. EL-5918, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Aug 1988, 188 p.

12 MJ Spry, FH Kulhawy & MD Grigoriu, "Reliability-Based Foundation Design for Transmission Line Structures: Geotechnical Site Characterization Strategy", Rpt. EL-5507(1), Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Oct 1988, 142 p.

13 CJ Orchant, FH Kulhawy & CH Trautmann, "Reliability-Based Foundation Design for Transmission Line Structures: Critical Evaluation of In-Situ Test Methods", Rpt. EL-5507(2), Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Oct 1988, 214 p.

14 OB Filippas, FH Kulhawy & MD Grigoriu, "Reliability-Based Foundation Design for Transmission Line Structures: Uncertainties in Soil Property Measurement", Rpt. EL-5507(3), Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Oct 1988, 94 p.

15 CH Trautmann & FH Kulhawy, "CUFAD+: Computer Program for Compression & Uplift Foundation Analysis & Design with Expert System Data Advisor", Rpt. EL-6583-CCML, Electric

FRED H. KULHAWY EPRI REPORTS Page 2

Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Dec 1989, 30 p. 16 CH Trautmann & FH Kulhawy, "CUFAD - Computer Program for Compression & Uplift

Foundation Analysis & Design (Ver 2.0)", Rpt. EL-6420(16), Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Jun 1990, 104 p.

17 FH Kulhawy & PW Mayne, "Manual on Estimating Soil Properties for Foundation Design", Rpt. EL-6800, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Aug 1990, 306 p.

18 HE Stewart & FH Kulhawy, "Field Evaluation of Grillage Foundation Uplift Capacity", Rpt. EL-6965, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Aug 1990, 312 p.

19 KJ McManus & FH Kulhawy, "Cyclic Axial Loading of Drilled Shaft Foundations in Cohesive Soil for Transmission Line Structures", Rpt. EL-7161, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Mar 1991, 290 p.

20 FH Kulhawy & A Hirany w. J Dunnicliff, "Conduct & Interpretation of Load Tests on Drilled Shaft Foundations: User's Manual", Rpt. EL-5915(2), Electric Power Research Inst, Palo Alto, May 1991, 62 p.

21 FH Kulhawy, CN Nicolaides & CH Trautmann, "Experimental Investigation of the Uplift Behavior of Spread Foundations in Cohesionless Soil", Rpt. TR-100220, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Dec 1991, 129 p.

22 FH Kulhawy, B Birgisson & MD Grigoriu, "Reliability-Based Foundation Design for Transmission Line Structures: Transformation Models for In-Situ Tests", Rpt. EL-5507(4), Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Jan 1992, 113 p.

23 PW Mayne, FH Kulhawy & CH Trautmann, "Experimental Study of Undrained Lateral & Moment Behavior of Drilled Shafts During Static & Cyclic Loading", Rpt. TR-100221, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Jan 1992, 383 p.

24 SW Agaiby, FH Kulhawy & CH Trautmann, "Experimental Study of Drained Lateral & Moment Behavior of Drilled Shafts During Static & Cyclic Loading", Rpt. TR-100223, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Jan 1992, 299 p.

25 SD Vidic, FH Kulhawy & CH Trautmann, "Experimental Study of Drained Behavior of Drilled Shafts During Static Inclined Loading", Rpt. TR-101131, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Dec 1992, 232 p.

26 SD Vidic, FH Kulhawy & CH Trautmann, "Experimental Study of Drained Behavior of Drilled Shafts During Cyclic Inclined Loading", Rpt. TR-103597, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Dec 1993, 244 p.

27 Y-J Chen & FH Kulhawy, "Case History Evaluation of Behavior of Drilled Shafts Under Axial & Lateral Loading", Rpt. TR-104601, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Dec 1994, 392 p.

28 FH Kulhawy, “Analytical Modeling of Drilled Shaft Foundations”, Rpt. OT-00002, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Jun 1995, 122 p.

29 NJ Cho & FH Kulhawy, “Experimental Study of Undrained Behavior of Drilled Shafts During Static & Cyclic Inclined Loading”, Rpt. TR-104999, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Jul 1995, 216 p.

30 KK Phoon, FH Kulhawy & MD Grigoriu, “Reliability-Based Design of Foundations for Transmission Line Structures”, Rpt. TR-105000, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Jul 1995, 380 p.

31 FH Kulhawy & CH Trautmann, “Summary of Transmission Line Structure Foundation Research”, Rpt. TR-105206, Electric Power Research Inst., Palo Alto, Sep 1995, 50 p.