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Transcript of As we talk about these grammar basics today, please take your own notes. Format your notes like...
![Page 1: As we talk about these grammar basics today, please take your own notes. Format your notes like this: (key words in left column) complete sentence (notes/definitions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e235503460f94b1197c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
As we talk about these grammar basics today, please take your own notes. Format your notes like this:
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The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is “doing” or “being” in the sentence.
Wild horses run on the beach.
![Page 3: As we talk about these grammar basics today, please take your own notes. Format your notes like this: (key words in left column) complete sentence (notes/definitions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e235503460f94b1197c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The subject of a sentence is the person, place, thing, or idea that is “doing” or “being” in the sentence.
Wild horses run on the beach.
“Wild horses” is the subject.
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The predicate of a sentence is the part of a sentence that contains the verb and describes something about the subject.
Wild horses run on the beach.
![Page 5: As we talk about these grammar basics today, please take your own notes. Format your notes like this: (key words in left column) complete sentence (notes/definitions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e235503460f94b1197c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The predicate of a sentence is the part of a sentence that contains the verb and describes something about the subject.
Wild horses run on the beach.
“run” is the verb
![Page 6: As we talk about these grammar basics today, please take your own notes. Format your notes like this: (key words in left column) complete sentence (notes/definitions.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062717/56649e235503460f94b1197c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The predicate of a sentence is the part of a sentence that contains the verb and describes something about the subject.
Wild horses run on the beach.
“run on the beach” is the predicate
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A complete sentence has a subject and a predicate (the predicate is the part of the sentence that contains the verb) and can stand independently on its own. For example:
The cat slept.
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The cat slept.
This is an example of a simple sentence—one that contains one subject and
one predicate.
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The cat slept soundly.
Is this still a simple sentence?
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The cat slept soundly.
Yes! This is still a simple sentence—the adverb “soundly” is modifying the verb “slept,” but there is still just one subject
and one predicate.
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The cat slept soundly on the rug in front of the fireplace.
Is this still a simple sentence?
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The cat slept soundly on the rug in front of the fireplace.
Yes! It is still a simple sentence because it contains only one subject and one predicate. “On the rug in front of the
fireplace” is a prepositional phrase that tells us where the cat slept.
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The cat slept soundly and purred in its sleep.
What has happened to make this something other than a simple
sentence?
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The cat slept soundly and purred in its sleep.
We’ve added another verb. This is called a compound predicate. A
compound predicate is a predicate that has two or more verbs.
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The cat and the kittens slept soundly.
What’s going on here?
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The cat and the kittens slept soundly.
This sentence has a compound subject. A compound subject is a subject that
has two or more nouns.
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The cat slept soundly on the rug, and the dog ate its food in the kitchen.
What would you call this sentence?
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The cat slept soundly on the rug, and the dog ate its food in the kitchen.
In this example, two simple sentences have been joined by a comma plus the conjunction “and” to form a compound
sentence.
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The cat slept soundly on the rug, and the dog ate its food in the kitchen.
A compound sentence is a sentence made of two or more independent
clauses that could stand on their own as individual sentences.
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There are other variations called complex sentences and compound-complex sentences, but we will save
those for another day.
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Three of the most common grammatical errors arise from problems with simple and compound sentences:
sentence fragmentsrun-on sentences
comma splices
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Sentence fragments occur when an author tries to make an incomplete
sentence stand on its own.
Explain why each of the following is a sentence fragment.
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Made breakfast at home.
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Made breakfast at home.
(no subject)
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My sister and I.
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My sister and I.
(no verb)
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While Mom was at the store.
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While Mom was at the store.
(this is a dependent clause that can’t stand as a complete sentence even
though it has a subject and predicate)
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Run-on sentences occur when an author tries to join two clauses into a
compound sentences without any punctuation.
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My sister and I rode our bikes to the lake we went swimming.
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You can correct a run-on sentence by using a semicolon between the two independent clauses OR by using a comma plus a conjunction OR by making two complete sentences.
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My sister and I rode our bikes to the lake; we went swimming.
My sister and I rode our bikes to the lake, and we went swimming.
My sister and I rode our bikes to the lake. We went swimming.
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A comma splice is like a run-on sentence, but the author has tried to join the two clauses into a compound
sentence with just a comma.
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My sister and I rode our bikes to the lake, we went swimming.
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Correction of a comma splice is the same as correction for a run-on
sentence: join the two clauses with a semicolon or a comma plus a
conjunction, or form two complete sentences.