Artificial Elements Of Garden

Name : FairuzRoll Number : Barch/8008/10

Subject : Seminar

Date : 19th May 2013

Introduction

• Garden is a planned space.

• It is set aside for the display, cultivation, and enjoyment of plants and other forms of nature.

• The garden can incorporate both natural and artificial element.

• Natural elements are those element created by nature such as soil, rock, light, water, plants etc.

• Artificial elements are those element created by man such as pathways, pool, fences, sculpture, lighting etc.

• To cater the needs which could not be accommodated by natural elements

• To provide complimentary effect and to enhance the aesthetic of the garden

Artificial Elements Of Garden

• Garden Furniture• Garden Shelter• Garden Bridge• Planters• Water features

• Art work• Lighting Fixtures• Pavement• Fences• Signage And Sign

Boards

Function Of Artificial Elements

Artificial Elements :• Structures that are added to enhance and make the space complete are as follows:

Garden Furniture are also called patio furniture and outdoor furniture

Is a type of furniture specifically designed for outdoor use.

It is typically made of weather-resistant materials.

Following point has to be noted while locating a seating area:a. Proper shade has to be

maintained such as trees, canopies, foliage etc.

b. Windy areas should not be obstructed by other landscape elements

c. Should provide pleasant view to people

d. Avoid noisy pedestrian route

Garden Furniture

Types Of Garden Furniture

Garden furniture is often sold as :

1.  Patio set consisting of a table, four or six chairs, and a parasol.2. A picnic table is used for the purpose of eating a meal outdoors. 3. Long chairs, referred to as chaise longue, are also common items.

Patio Set Chaise LonguePicnic Table

Design / Materials of Garden furniture's depend upon the following :

a. Length of use – Comfort is the main criteria in design

b. Maintenance – Materials used should be easily cleaned or repainted

– Design should avoid intricate corners & spaces

c. Impairment – Structure of materials should be durable

d. Cost – Construction & maintenance costs should compliment the surrounding construction cost and landscape design

e. Scale – Scale or size should be able to accommodate load as well as relate to the surrounding landscape scale

f. Context – Materials chosen: modern or traditional, to be used in the urban or countryside

Garden Furniture Design

Garden Shelter

Garden Shelter is a simple structure which is used to provide shade and shelter to the people.

Functions Of Garden shelter :-

a. Provide shelter for relaxing and gatheringb. Act as a viewing placec. Act as a focal point / node / centre

attraction in garden

Design/Material :-

a. Architecture – Design should be related to existing landscape or building

b. Material – Are easily available and easier to construct

– Should be weather proof

Types Of Garden Shelter

Gazebo Pergola Garden Bowers

Garden Bridge

Garden bridge is a structure built to span physical obstacles such as a body of water, valley, path Located at suitable areas or height, not vulnerable to damages

Functions Of Garden bridge :-

a. To link access from one place to anotherb. To avoid dangerous or disturbing elementc. To provide aesthetic value to landscape

designd. To provide passage over the obstacle.

Design/Material :-

a. Architecture – Design should be related to existing landscape or building but comfort is the main criteria

b. Material – Should be durable, weatherproof or vandal proof such as wood, concrete, stone, bricks etc

Planters

Planter is a decorative container in which plants are grown. They are used in urban areas for aesthetic purpose They are also used when the soil is unsuitable for planting

Functions Of Planters :-

a. Placement: – Used in areas where there are lots of light – Used in noisy areas where plants are able

to absorb noise, purify air or bad odor

b.  Subdivision : – Subdivide spaces into different areas

c. Direction indication : – Can be arranged to show direction or

access  

d. Scale – Provide scale of surrounding landscape

Planters

Design / Materials Of Planters :-

a. Water drainage – Should have proper drainage holes

b.  Size/scale – Planters should be proportionate to the surroundings for aesthetic purposes

c. Cost – expensive, should be suitable with landscape maintenance and design

d. Material – easily available, vandal proof, suitable with other landscape elements

e. Construction – durable with aesthetic value, easily constructed

f. Moisture contain – able to contain enough water or moisture

Water Feature

Water feature plays an important role in garden The available sources used for water features includes the municipality water and recycled water from rainwater and grey -water. Can be of various shape, sizes & colors

Functions Of Water features :-

a. Adds ambience to the spaceb.  Creates a focal pointc. Delivers a soothing sound, d. Provides home for fish and water plants,

etc. 

Design/Materials :-a. Material – Should be easily available and

durable such as stone, granite, stainless steel, resin, and glass

b. Architecture – Design should be related to existing landscape or building

Types Of Water Feature

Different types of water features are :

1. Fountain  is a structure which jets water into the air for a decorative purpose.

2. Pond is a body of standing water created for habitat restoration & ornamentation

3. Pool is a container filled with water intended for water-based recreation

4. Cascade is a place where water flows over a vertical drop in the course of a stream o

Fountain Pond Pool Cascade

Art work

Artwork plays an important role in garden They are used to provide a good view They act as a focal point Are expensive & can be found in various shape, sizes & colors

Principle Of Artwork :-

a. Avoid using symbols or forms that offend the owner / culture /religion

b.  Should be placed at safe and strategic place

c. Relates to the scale of park or garden  

Design/Materials :-a. Concept / Theme – Design should be

related to existing landscape or gardenb. Material – Should be easily available and

durable such as concrete, aluminum, fiber glass, timber, glass, Perspex

Garden lighting refers to the use of outdoor illumination of private gardens

Functions Of Lighting Fixtures :- a. To illuminate in dark and insecure areasb.  To provide suitable mood for occasionsc. To illuminate and enhance a focal element or

dangerous objects

Design/Materials :-a. Material – Durable material ,weather proof &

vandal proof b. Maintenance – Alternative route for pedestrian

users during maintenance to avoid mischiefc. Horizontal shields –Should be provided to

reduce vertical light above the fixture.d. Lamps – Metal halide, high & pressure sodium,

fluorescent & incandescent lamps are commonly used

Lighting Fixtures

Types Of Lighting

Spot Lighting

Silhouette

Shadowing

Sign Lighting

Moon Lighting

Up lighting

Walkway Path & Spread

Types Of Lighting

Fountain Lighting

Pond Lighting

Grazing Down Lighting

Step lighting

Security Lighting

Pavement is basically a walkway or footpath on which people walk.

Functions Of Pavement :-

a. To indicate direction – by using suitable, comfortable surfaces for pedestrian, compared to surfaces of other area

b.   To differentiate access – vehicles and pedestrian, by using different surface finishes

c. Hazard indicator – At junctions or meeting points of pedestrians and vehicles.

d. Stopping point – Act as a focal point for temporary stopping point/pause

Pavement

Choice Of Materials:-

a. Cost and availability o Expensive but low

maintenanceo Easily available from nearest

supplier

b. Furnishing & maintenanceo Surface finishes relate to the

surrounding or function

c. Safety, sound and light reflection

o Rough finish to avoid and prevent slip

o Soft material with rough finish could reduce and absorb noise/sound sources-

o Dark colored surface finishes absorb light

Pavement

A fence is a freestanding structure Designed to restrict or prevent movement across a boundary. Used more frequently to provide visual sectioning of spaces

Functions Of Fence :- a. Spaces or areas divisionb.  To hinder unpleasant viewc. Security from intruderd. To prevent soil erosion

Design/Materials :-a. Material – easily available, water proof

and durable b. Architecture – Design should be related

to existing landscape or building

Fences

Signage & Sign Board

Signage is a kind of visual graphics  Created to display information to a particular audience. Manifested in the form of way finding informationMaterials of sign board depends on cost, design, durability & maintenance

Principle:o Standardized design, color & lettering should be usedo Location of each signageo Suitable size should be used to convey information o Signage should not obstruct aesthetic of other landscape elements 

Types of information:o Informativeo Preventive /prohibiting / warning

Conclusion

The principles of Garden design are to compose the elements of into a sound organization, focusing on activities especially in intensive areas

The characters of the components used, could be organic or inorganic, are determined by balance, basic organization as well as gradient(whether casual or control urban format).

Artificial element of garden describes:1. the practical need for

reinforcement and intensive2. the aesthetic need for control,

permanent and civic

Artificial Elements Of Garden

THANK YOU

Date : 19th May 2013