Articles of Confederation
description
Transcript of Articles of Confederation
Articles of Confederation
• Problems with the A.O.C.– Congress lacked the
power to ______– ________ central
government– Power resided with the
__________– No power to _______
(____________) commerce (trade)
taxweak
statesregulate
control
Articles of Confederation
• Problems with the A.O.C. (cont.)– Each state had ______
vote regardless of size– No common _______
(_________)– No power to
____________ laws– No _________ or
__________ branches
one
currencymoney
enforceexecutive
judicial
Preamble to the U.S. Constitution• ____________ to the
U.S. Constitution.• States six _______ of
the U.S. government.• Establishes the
__________ as the power behind the government and the constitution- “We the __________”
Introduction
purposes
citizens
People
Purposes of the government according to the Preamble
– Form a more _________ Union• allow the states to
operate as a single country for the good of all
– Establish ________• Make sure all
citizens are treated fairly and equally
Perfect
Justice
Purposes of the government according to the Preamble
• Insure _________ tranquility– Keep the peace among
the citizens• Provide for the
common __________– Maintain armed forces
to protect the country and its citizens
Domestic
defense
• Promote the
_________________– Help provide for the well-
being of the citizens• Secure the Blessings of
________ to _________ and our posterity– Ensure that all citizens,
now and in the future, maintain their basic rights
Purposes of the government according to the Preamble
General Welfare
Liberty ourselves
Federalism
• Established by the ______________
• Principle of federalism is the __________ of power between the _________ and the ____________ government
Constitution
division
statesnational
How?
• The Constitution gives some ___________ to the ____________ government, some to the __________, and some to _______
powernational
statesboth
Separation of Power
• U.S. Constitution created three _______
• _________ was split between these three branches to ________ one branch from becoming too ____________ (___________________)
LegislativeJudicialExecutive
branchesPower
prevent
powerfulLimited Government
Branches of Government• _____________
– Congress (House of Representatives and the Senate)
– ___________ laws• ____________
– President– __________ laws
• _____________– Supreme Court– __________ laws (determines
if laws in agreement with the Constitution)
Legislative
MakesExecutive
EnforcesJudicial
Interprets
Checks and Balances• Each branch has
powers to limit the powers of the other two branches
Amendment Process for U.S. Constitution
• Action by _______ or national convention– Requires ______
approval of ______ houses of Congress or
– 2/3 of the state ____________ must request a __________ convention (never been done)
Congress
2/3both
legislaturesnational
Amendment Process (cont.)• Requires ___________
(_____________) of ¾ of states (____)
• States may _________ by a vote in the state legislature or by special state conventions
• Very ____________ process – Only ____ amendments in
Constitution
ratificationapproval
38ratify
difficult
27
Bill of Rights
• The first _______ amendments to the Constitution
• Guaranteed certain __________ to the citizens
ten
rights
Rights (1st Amendment)• Religion- Government
may not _________ an official religion, nor _________, or unduly _______ with the free exercise of religion
• Speech- Individuals are free to ________ their opinions and beliefs
establish
endorseinterfere
express
Rights (1st Amendment) (cont.)
• Press- The press has the right to gather and _____________ information, including that which _________ the government
• Assembly- Individuals may ____________ gather
publish
criticizes
peaceably
Rights (cont.)
• Petition- Individuals have the right to make their _______ known to _________ officials
viewspublic
Due Process
• Due process– Before individuals are
________ their rights, ________ established by law and guaranteed by the Constitution must be _______ (5th and 14th)
deniedprocedures
followed
Enumerated Powers
• The Constitution gives powers to the _______ government, such as maintaining an _____, maintaining a _______ service, and making _________
national
armypostal
money
Reserved Powers• Powers _______ given
to the national government are ___________ for the __________
• Examples-Establishing _________, regulating __________ within the state, conducting ____________
not
reservedstates
schoolstrade
elections
Concurrent Powers
• Powers _________ by the national government and the states
• Examples- collecting _______, borrowing money, establishing _______ and _______
shared
taxes
courts prisons
Supremacy Clause
• According to the Constitution, if there is any __________ between state and national laws, the laws of the ____________ government are _________. The national law is the law of the ________.
conflict
nationalsupreme
land
Primary responsibilities of national and state government
• National – Conducts ________
policy and regulates ____________
• State– Promotes public
__________, safety, and __________
– ____________– Conduct ___________
foreign
commerce
healthwelfare
Educationelections
Powers denied to National and State Governments
• Art 1, section 9 & 10 of Constitution
• National Gov (sec.9)- no titles of nobility granted, cannot tax goods moved from one state to another
• State Gov (sec. 10)- cannot maintain army or go to war, cannot tax imports or exports
Legislative Checks
• Over the Executive Branch– Override veto
• 2/3 of both House of Rep. And Senate must approve
– Impeach (remove from office) the president• House must approve the
charges by a majority• Senate can convict by 2/3
vote
• Over the Judicial branch– Approves
appointment of Federal judges
– Impeaches judges
Executives Checks
• Over the Legislative Branch– Vetoes acts of Congress– Calls Congress into
special sessions
• Over the Judicial branch– Appoints judges– Grants reprieves
and pardons
Judicial Checks
• Over the Legislative Branch– Declares laws
unconstitutional
• Over the Executive branch– Declares executive
acts unconstitutional