Articles of Confederation 1777

Strengths

Land Ordinance 1785 &

NW Ordinance 1787

Congress - raise an army & declare war...Sort of…..

Make treaties w/Foreign countries

Borrow & print money

Weaknesses

1 vote for each state

No Chief Executive (president)

Laws - 9 of 13 states

Taxes - only

‘request’ money

No FEDERAL Court System

Amendments (change) Articles of

Confederation

all 13 states

Shay’s Rebellion

Constitutional Convention

2 plansVirginia

&New

Jersey

BIG STATES vs. little states

Roger Sherman

THE GREAT COMPROMISE

2 house congress (bicameral)

Senate = 2 per state

House of Reps = by Population

Conflict•Slavery

representation & taxes?

3/5 Compromise

James Madison

= Father of

Constitution

Federalism =

Power ÷ national & states

Federalist vs

Antifederalists

Federalist – supported Constitution

Antifederalist – did not support Constitution

Leaders John Jay

George WashingtonJames Madison

Alexander Hamilton

The Federalist85 essays

by John Jay, Alexander

Hamilton, & James

Madison

Federalist argument• Protections = Checks & Balances

Separation of Powers & Limited Government

Antifederalist–Feared the govt. would serve

interests of rich

–Doubted central govt. could efficiently run a large country

• BIG ISSUE–No Bill of Rights listed for individual

citizens

Antifederalist=

Thomas Jefferson

Patrick Henry&

Sam Adams

Federalist promised a Bill

of Rights

Antifederalists ran out of arguments

Bill of Rights• Sept. 1789

• 1st 10 Amendments

• 1 – 8 amendments Personal Liberties

• 9&10 amendments general limits on Government powers

1st Freedom of religion, speech, press & political activity

2nd Right to

bear arms

3rd No Quartering of

Troops

4th No unreasonable search & seizure

5th

6th speedy public trial

6th cont.• Impartial jury

•Informed of what you’re accused

•Confront witnesses

7th Right to a trial by jury

8th No Excessive Bail or FinesNo Cruel or

Unusual Punishment

9th Just bc its not

in the Bill of Rights does not mean you do not have

that right

10th Not given 2 the Federal Govt TEN it is given to the states

11th

you can’t sue

another state

12th

Electoral College

13th, 14th, & 15th Freedom, citizenship, & voting

16th

Direct Election of Senators

Prohibition

Women’s suffrage

Lame Duck

Repealed 18th

Presidential Tenure

Washington D.C., Can vote

Poll Tax

President succession

18 year olds can vote

Congressional Pay