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VDA De Chua vs. CAG.R. No. 116835March 5, 1998

Kapunan, J.

Facts:

Appeal by Certorar ! "ecso# o$ the CA a$$r%#& R'C

Roberto (% Chua lve" out o$ )e"loc* )th prvate respo#"e#t +lorta A. Valleo a#" ha" t)o

lle&t%ate chl"re# - Roberto Ra$so# Alo#o a#" Ru"yar" /r"e Alo#o Chua "e" #testate

/rvate respo#"e#t 0Valleo $le" be$ore the R'C a pettto#

That deceased Roberto Lim Chua died single and without legitimate descendants orascendants, hence, the above named minors Robert Rafson Alono Chua and Rud!ard"ride Alono Chua, his children with herein petitioner shall succeed to the entire estateof the deceased.

that a guardian over the persons and properties of said minors be appointed b! this#onorable Court.

That herein petitioner being the mother and natural guardian of said minors is alsocompetent and willing to act as the guardian

A#to#etta Garca V"a. "e Chua, represe#t#& to be the survv#& spouse o$ Roberto Chua, $le"

a Moto# to Ds%ss o# the &rou#" o$ %proper ve#ue.2ppose" by petto#er 'hat ths s a petto# $or &uar"a#shp t shoul" be $le" )here the %#or res"es.

Roberto Chua "e" a bachelor

A#to#etta Chua s #ot the survv#& spouse

Respo#"e#t Valleo $le" a %oto# $or a"%sso# o$ a# a%e#"e" petto# # or"er $or the case

ttle ca# properly a#" approprately capture or capsule # clear ter%s the %ateral aver%e#ts# the bo"y o$ the plea"#&s.

"etitioner opposed since the original petition was onl! to secure guardianship

Court "s%sse". 4er status as a )$e )as #ot yet prove#

/rese#te" photocopy o$ the %arra&e co#tract but )as #ot a"%tte" Cvl re&strar "e#e" este#ce o$ such

ole%##& o$$cer tol" he ha" #ot sole%#e" the petto#er

Court ssue" a# or"er appo#t#& Ro%ulo (% 7y, a $rst cous# o$ the "ecease", as specal

a"%#strator o$ the "ece"e#ts estate a#" ssue" a# 2r"er appo#t#& +lorta Valleo as&uar"a# over the perso#s a#" propertes o$ the t)o %#or chl"re#.

/etto#er $le" a %oto# to recall the letter o$ a"%#strato# a#" have t ssue" to her a#" a

%oto# to "eclare a the procee"#&s a %stralAr&ue" that the court acte" beyo#" ts urs"cto# s#ce the petto# $le" by therespo#"e#t s o#e $or &uar"a#shp

CA "e#e" such. hle prvate respo#"e#t %ay have alle&e" # her opposto# to the %oto# to

"s%ss that petto# )as $or &uar"a#shp, the $act re%a#s that the very alle&ato#s o$ theoral petto# u#%sta*ably sho)e" a t)# purpose

Issues and Ruling:

CA erre" # hol"#& the petto# )as $or t)# purpose 0&uar"a#shp a#" #testate procee"#&

Devo" o$ %ert. 'tle alo#e o$ the oral petto# clearly sho)s that the petto# so#e )hch #clu"es the ssua#ce o$ letters o$ a"%#strato#. 'he oral petto# alsoco#ta#s the urs"cto#al $acts re:ure" # a petto# $or the ssua#ce o$ letters o$a"%#strato#. ;ut #o "e$ect # the petto# shall re#"er vo" the ssua#ce o$ letters o$a"%#strato#.

CA erre" that there s #o #ee" to publsh the a%e#"e" petto# $or a"%#strato#

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/etto#er has #o le&al sta#"#& to $le the %oto# to "s%ss as she s #ot relate" tothe "ecease", #or "oes she have a#y #terest # hs estate as cre"tor or other)se.2#ly a# #tereste" perso# %ay oppose the petto# $or ssua#ce o$ letters o$a"%#strato#. A# #tereste" perso# s o#e )ho )oul" be be#e$te" by the estate suchas a# her, or o#e )ho has a cla% a&a#st the estate, such as a cre"tor hs #terest s%ateral a#" "rect, a#" #ot o#e that s o#ly #"rect or co#t#&e#t.

/etto#er )as #ot able to prove her status as the survv#& )$e o$ the "ece"e#t. 'hebest proo$ o$ %arra&e bet)ee# %a# a#" )$e s a %arra&e co#tract )hch A#to#ettaChua $ale" to pro"uce. 'he lo)er court correctly "sre&ar"e" the photostat copy o$the %arra&e cert$cate )hch she prese#te", ths be#& a volato# o$ the bestev"e#ce rule, to&ether )th other )orthless peces o$ ev"e#ce.

CA erre" # #ot #ull$y#& the or"ers precptately ssue" e-parte by R'C thus "eprv#& her

"ue process2r"ers are< appo#t#& Ro%ulo (% 7y, $rst cous# o$ the "ecease", as specala"%#strator o$ the estate appo#t#& prvate respo#"e#t as &uar"a# over the perso#a#" property o$ the %#ors "rect#& the tra#s$er o$ the re%a#s o$ the "ecease" $ro%Davao Cty to Cotabato Cty "rect#& petto#er to tur# over a Mtsubsh Galla#t caro)#e" by the estate o$ the "ecease" to the specal a"%#strator author#& thesher$$ to brea* ope# the "ecease"s house $or the purpose o$ co#"uct#& a# #ve#tory

o$ the propertes $ou#" there#, a$ter the sher$$ )as re$use" e#try to the house by the"rver a#" %a" o$ petto#er.

/etto#er )as #ot e#ttle" to #otce o$ the procee"#&s o$ the tral court, #ot be#&able to establsh proo$ o$ her alle&e" %arra&e to the "ecease", or o$ her #terest #the estate as cre"tor or other)se

Due process )as "ese" to a$$or" opportu#ty to be hear", #ot that a# actualhear#& shoul" al)ays a#" #"spe#sably be hel". she )as "uly hear" # her %oto#sto recall letters o$ a"%#strato# a#" to "eclare the procee"#&s o$ the court as a=%stral,= )hch %oto#s )ere "e#e"

CA erre" # s)eep#&ly hol"#& that the re%e"y s appeal

/roper re%e"y o$ the petto#er # sa" court )as a# or"#ary appeal a#" #ot a specalcvl acto# $or certorar )hch ca# be avale" o$ $ a party has #o pla#, spee"y a#"a"e:uate re%e"y # the or"#ary course o$ la). >cept $or her bare alle&ato# that a#or"#ary appeal )oul" be #a"e:uate, #oth#& o# recor" )oul" #"cate thatetraor"#ary re%e"y o$ certorar or prohbto# s )arra#te".

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Republc vs. CAG.R. No. 1?3?@epte%ber B, 199@

"uno, J.$

Facts:2rate" $ro% a petto# $le" by prvate respo#"e#t A#&el#a M. Castro # the R'C see*#& a

u"cal "eclarato# o$ #ullty o$ her %arra&e to >")# +. Car"e#as. Castro cla%s that #o%arra&e lce#se )as ever ssue" to the% pror to the sole%#ato# o$ ther %arra&e

Marre" # a cvl cere%o#y )thout the *#o)le"&e o$ Castros pare#ts.

De$e#"a#t Car"e#as perso#ally atte#"e" to the process#& o$ the "ocu%e#ts re:ure" $or the

celebrato# o$ the %arra&e, #clu"#& the procure%e#t o$ the %arra&e, lce#se D" #ot lve to&ether s#ce t )as u#*#o)# to Castros pare#ts #ot u#tl she beca%e prea#t.

'hey cohabte" $or $our %o#ths the# parte" )ays. 'he baby )as a"opte" by Castros brother, )th the co#se#t o$ Car"e#as

Castro "scovere" that there )as #o %arra&e lce#se ssue" to Car"e#as pror to the

celebrato# o$ ther %arra&e

'ral court "e#e" the petto#. t rule" that the =#ablty o$ the cert$y#& o$$cal to locate the

%arra&e lce#se s #ot co#clusve to sho) that there )as #o %arra&e lce#se ssue" Respo#"e#t appellate court reverse" the Decso# o$ the tral court. t "eclare" the %arra&e

bet)ee# the co#tract#& partes #ull a#" vo" a#" "recte" the Cvl Re&strar o$ /as& to ca#celthe subect %arra&e co#tract

Issue and Ruling:

hether or #ot the "ocu%e#tary a#" test%o#al ev"e#ce prese#te" by prvate respo#"e#t

are su$$ce#t to establsh that #o %arra&e lce#se )as ssue" by the Cvl Re&strar

E>. No %arra&e shall be sole%#e" )thout a %arra&e lce#se $rst ssue" by a local cvlre&strar. ;e#& o#e o$ the esse#tal re:ustes o$ a val" %arra&e, abse#ce o$ a lce#se )oul"re#"er the %arra&e vo" ab #to

As to the co#te#to# that the cert$cato# ssue" by the cvl re&strar s o#ly #ablty to $#"the recor", ecto# B9, Rule 13B o$ the Rules o$ Court prov"es FA )rtte# state%e#t se" bya# o$$cer hav#& custo"y o$ a# o$$cal recor" or by hs "eputy, that a$ter "l&e#t search, #orecor" or e#try o$ a spec$e" te#or s $ou#" to est # the recor"s o$ hs o$$ce, acco%pa#e"by a cert$cate as above prov"e", s a"%ssble as ev"e#ce that the recor"s o$ hs o$$ceco#ta# #o such recor" or e#try

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Garca vs. RecoG.R. No. 1383BB2ctober B, B??1

/a#&a#ba#, H.N>D ! %oot a#" aca"e%c Re$le" ! &ra#te" a#" re-ra$$le" to a#other u"&e

'ral court "s%sse" the petto# $or letters o$ a"%#strato# a#" that the respo#"e#t has #ole&al capacty because %arra&e )as b&a%ous

Respo#"e#t %ove" $or reco#s"erato# a#" "s:ual$cato# o$ the #e) u"&e 0D>N>D

CA ! reverse"

Issue:

hether ve#ue )as properly la"

'he ter% =res"es= co##otes e v ter%# =actual res"e#ce= as "st#&ushe" $ro% =le&alres"e#ce or "o%cle. # other )or"s, =res"es= shoul" be ve)e" or u#"erstoo" # ts popularse#se, %ea##&, the perso#al, actual or physcal habtato# o$ a perso#, actual res"e#ce orplace o$ abo"e. t s$es physcal prese#ce # a place a#" actual stay thereat. # ths popularse#se, the ter% %ea#s %erely res"e#ce, that s, perso#al res"e#ce, #ot le&al res"e#ce or"o%cle. Res"e#ce s%ply re:ures bo"ly prese#ce as a# #habta#t # a &ve# place, )hle"o%cle re:ures bo"ly prese#ce # that place a#" also a# #te#to# to %a*e t o#es "o%cle.No partcular le#&th o$ t%e o$ res"e#ce s re:ure" thou&h ho)ever, the res"e#ce %ust be%ore tha# te%porary.

# electo# cases, =res"e#ce= a#" ="o%cle= are treate" as sy#o#y%ous ter%s, that s, the$e" per%a#e#t res"e#ce to )hch )he# abse#t, o#e has the #te#to# o$ retur##&.4o)ever, $or purposes o$ $#& ve#ue u#"er the Rules o$ Court, the =res"e#ce= o$ a perso# shs perso#al, actual or physcal habtato#, or actual res"e#ce or place o$ abo"e, )hch %ay

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#ot #ecessarly be hs le&al res"e#ce or "o%cle prov"e" he res"es there# )th co#t#utya#" co#sste#cy.

+ro% the $ore&o#&, )e $#" that +elcs%o )as a res"e#t o$ Alaba#&, Mu#t#lupa $or purposeso$ $#& the ve#ue o$ the settle%e#t o$ hs estate. Co#se:ue#tly, the subect petto# $orletters o$ a"%#strato# )as val"ly $le" # the Re&o#al 'ral Court

hether respo#"e#t has le&al capacty to $le the subect petto# $or letters o$ a"%#strato#

e $#" that respo#"e#ts le&al capacty to $le the subect petto# $or letters o$ a"%#strato#%ay arse $ro% her status as the survv#& )$e o$ +elcs%o or as hs co-o)#er u#"er Artcle1@@ o$ the Cvl Co"e or Artcle 1@8 o$ the +a%ly Co"e.

here a %arra&e bet)ee# a +lp#o cte# a#" a $oreer s val"ly celebrate" a#" a "vorces therea$ter val"ly obta#e" abroa" by the ale# spouse capactat#& h% or her to re%arry,the +lp#o spouse shall have capacty to re%arry u#"er /hlpp#e la). 4o)ever, the recor"ssho) that there s #su$$ce#t ev"e#ce to prove the val"ty o$ the "vorce obta#e" by Merry(ee as )ell as the %arra&e o$ respo#"e#t a#" +elcs%o u#"er the la)s o$ the 7..A./rese#tato# solely o$ the "vorce "ecree s #su$$ce#t a#" that proo$ o$ ts authe#tcty a#""ue eecuto# %ust be prese#te". 7#"er ecto#s B@ a#" B5 o$ Rule 13B, a )rt#& or"ocu%e#t %ay be prove# as a publc or o$$cal recor" o$ a $ore cou#try by ether 01 a#

o$$cal publcato# or 0B a copy thereo$ atteste" by the o$$cer hav#& le&al custo"y o$ the"ocu%e#t. $ the recor" s #ot *ept # the /hlpp#es, such copy %ust be 0a acco%pa#e" bya cert$cate ssue" by the proper "plo%atc or co#sular o$$cer # the /hlpp#e $ore servcestato#e" # the $ore cou#try # )hch the recor" s *ept a#" 0b authe#tcate" by the sealo$ hs o$$ce.

$ she proves the val"ty o$ the "vorce a#" +elcs%os capacty to re%arry, but $als to provethat her %arra&e )th h% )as val"ly per$or%e" u#"er the la)s o$ the 7..A., the# she %aybe co#s"ere" as a co-o)#er u#"er Artcle 1@@ o$ the Cvl Co"e.

Mea#)hle, $ respo#"e#t $als to prove the val"ty o$ both the "vorce a#" the %arra&e, theapplcable provso# )oul" be Artcle 1@8 o$ the +a%ly Co"e )hch has $lle" the hatus #Artcle 1@@ o$ the Cvl Co"e by epressly re&ulat#& the property relato#s o$ couples lv#&to&ether as husba#" a#" )$e but are #capactate" to %arry.

Catala# vs. CAG.R. No. 161?9+ebruary 6, B??

E#ares-a#ta&o, H.+>ND>D '4A' )hat he *#e) )as that the t)o ha" bee# lv#& to&ether as husba#"a#" )$e $or seve# years alrea"y )thout the be#e$t o$ %arra&e, as %a#$este" #ther o#t a$$"avt.

2CA reco%%e#"e" that the respo#"e#t u"&e be $ou#" &ulty o$ &ross ora#ce o$ la)

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Issue and Ruling:

2N the co%pla#t has %erts

E>. No lce#se shall be #ecessary $or the %arra&e o$ a %a# a#" a )o%a# )ho have lve"to&ether as husba#" a#" )$e $or at least $ve years a#" )thout a#y le&al %pe"%e#t to%arry each other.

+or ths provso# o# le&al rat$cato# o$ %artal cohabtato# to apply, the $ollo)#& re:ustes%ust co#cur