ARTHROPODS Insects Shrimp Centipedes Lobsters Millipedes.
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Transcript of ARTHROPODS Insects Shrimp Centipedes Lobsters Millipedes.
ARTHROPODS
Insects• Shrimp
•Centipedes
•Lobsters
Millipedes
Arthropods are the most successful animals!
•They are found in many environments.
•They can ADAPT to many environments.
Phylum: Arthropoda
Characteristics:• Arthropoda means jointed foot• Appendages grow from the body• The body is divided into three
segments:– Head ~ 1st part, contains the sense organs– Thorax ~ middle, joins head & abdomen
walking legs are attached here
-Abdomen ~3rd part, reproductive & digestive organs are found here
All arthropods have an external skeleton called the
exoskeleton.
The exoskeleton has several functions:
*covers
*supports
*protects
*prevents from drying out
Arthropods molt their exoskeleton.
Molting is a process of shedding the exoskeleton and replacing a new one in order to grow.
What problems do you see with this process?
Class ~ Crustacean
Types of Crustaceans
Crabs
Lobsters
Shrimp
• Pill bug
• Barnacles
• Water fleas
CharacteristicsCephalothorax- head & thorax fused togetherOne or two pairs of antennaeMandibles ~ jaws used for crushing foodFive pairs of legs:1st pair~ claws, catching food, protectionFour pairs of walking
Swimmerets ~ appendages on the abdomenMovementReproductionForce water over the gills for breathingRegenerate lost appendages
CRAYFISH~ A common crustaceanCRAYFISH~ A common crustacean
• Cephalothorax and abdomen• Two pairs of antennae
Shorter pair-Touch, taste, balance
Longer pairTouch, taste, smell
• Compound eyes ~ located at the end of the eye stalks
– Why is this an advantage?
Class ~ Insecta
Insects: Largest class of Arthropods
• Most successful animals: – reproduce in mass numbers – lives in many environments
Characteristics of Insects:
• 3 body parts: head, thorax, abdomen
• Mandible- specialized mouth part
• Antenna or feelers for touch or smell
• 1 or 2 pairs of wings
• Reproduction- sexual• Complete metamorphosis
• Incomplete metamorphosis
Grasshopper
• Most common insect
• Two types of eyes- simple & compound
• 3 pairs of legs:– 1st two pairs- walking– 3rd pair- jumping
Grasshopper (cont.)
• two pairs of wings
• spiracles- found on the abdomen for respiration/breathing
• Reproduction- sexual– Incomplete metamorphosis:
• Egg, nymph, adult
Metamorphosis
• A series of distinct changes in form through which an organism passes as it develops from an egg to an adult.
• Complete Metamorphosis (4 stages):– egg- larva–pupa-adult
• Incomplete (3 stages):– egg- nymph-adult
Class ~ Arachnid
Characteristics
• Two body parts:– Cephalothorax: head & thorax fused together– Abdomen
• no antennae
• four pairs of legs
• poison glands, stingers or fangs
• four pairs of simple eyes
Spider Chelicerae
Fangs, Chelicerae of Zebra Jumping SpiderSalticus scenicus
www.microscopix.co.uk/spiders/fangs/index.htm
Fangs and Chelicerae of Tarantula SpiderlingBrachypelma smithi(Mexican Red-Knee Tarantula)
SPIDERS
• A common arachnid• Eight compound eyes to sense light and darkness• Cannot chew food ~ inject poison into their prey
which paralyzes it and then turns the food into liquid
• Book lungs ~ series of flat, air filled plates used in respiration
• Spiracles~ openings in the abdomen that allow oxygen in and carbon dioxide out
Some arachnids are parasites!
• TICKS– Rocky Mountain Fever
– Lyme Disease
• MITES– Chiggers
– House dust mites
– Eyelash mites
Class: Centipede
• 1 pair of legs per body segment
• usually a flat body• 1 pair of antenna• feed on insects and
spiders• move fast
Class: Millipede
• 2 pairs of legs per body segment
• rounded body• 1 pair of antenna• feed organic matter-
leaves and wood• move slow
Arthropod Review
• How many classes of Arthropods?
• 5
• Name the classes
• Crustaceans• Insects• Arachnids• Centipedes• Millipedes