Art of Ancient Rome

Roman History Timeline• Early History

– 1000 BCE Latin speaking tribes in Italy– 8th C BCE Rome Founded (Etruscans in the North, Greek Colonies in

the South)• Roman Republic 509 – 27 BCE

– 509 BCE Founding of Republic– 500 – 264 BCE Unification of Italian Peninsula– 264 – 146 BCE Punic Wars with Carthage & subjugation of Hellenistic

States– 146 – 27 BCE Collapse of Republic

• Roman Empire 27 BCE – 476 CE– Expansion through Conquest & Administration

Roman Republic

• 509 BCE Founding of Republic• 500 – 264 BCE Unification of

Italian Peninsula• 264 – 146 BCE Punic Wars

with Carthage• 146 – 133 BCE Greece &

Hellenistic States become a Province of Rome

• 146 – 27 BCE Collapse of Republic

Ancient Greek Civilization

• 490 – 480 BCE Persians Wars• 480 – 430 BCE Golden Age

(High Classical)• 431 – 404 BCE

Peloponnesian Wars• 400 – 338 BCE Political

Upheaval (Late Classical)• 336 – 323 BCE Alexander

the Great (Hellenistic)

Portrait Busts - verism

Roman Republic

Roman Patrician c. 75-50 BCE

Roman

Patrician w. Busts of his Ancestors,1st cent. BCE

Denarius (Coin) with Portrait of Julius Caesar,c. 44 BCE

Maison Carrée, Nîmes, France,ca. 1–10 CE

Temple of “Fortuna Virilis” Rome, Italy, ca. 75 BCE

Greek & Etruscan Architectual Influence

Roman Architectural Innovations

Arch Barrel Vault Groin Vault

Fenestrated Groin Vaults

Dome

Roman Greek

Arch

Pont du Gard, Aqueduct, Nimes, France, 1st century AD

Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater), Amphitheater, Rome, 70-82 AD

Barrel Vault

Colosseum Amphitheater

Concrete

Theater at Epidaurus

Baths of Trajan, Rome, 110 AD

Groin Vault

Basilica Nova (of Constantine), Law Court & Civic Center, Rome, 310-320 AD

Groin Vaults & Clerestory Windows

Fenestrated Groin Vaults

Pantheon, Temple, Rome, 118-125 AD

Dome

Sections of the Pantheon, Rome, Italy, 118–125 CE.