Art History Slides 41-

Cubism (1907-1920’s)

• Cubism was the first totally abstract art movement-it broke all the rules artists had followed since the Renaissance.

• Instead of making art that was representational, like a view through a window, Cubists looked cross-eyed through a kaleidoscope, suggesting their feelings through neutral color and geometric forms.

• Influenced by current developments in science, music and philosophy, Cubists tried to create a new language of representation, a new way of seeing things.

Three Musicians 1921

Guernica 1937

http://img.alibaba.com/photo/270392508/Oil_Painting_Reproduction_Pablo_Picasso_Paintings_The_Old_Guitarist_1903.jpg

Pablo Picasso1907

Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.

Slide 41

Piet Mondrian 1930Composition II in Red, Blue and Yellow Slide 42

Mondrian

Surrealism

• Surrealism was an artistic movement that emerged in reaction to the devastation of World War 1.

• Artist responded to the horrors of war by challenging the prevalent norms of society and its values. With a spirit of idealism, artists and writers shared a belief that they could change the world by freeing the unconscious mind from rational thought.

• Introduced by Sigmund Freud’s notion that the subconscious mind is expressed in dreams, Surrealists drew upon the inner mind and dreams.

Salvador Dali 1931The Persistence of Memory Slide 43

Marc Chagall 1945Wedding Candles Slide 44

Chagall

Rene’ Magritte 1928The Lovers Slide 45

Magritte

Alberto Giacometti 1949Three Men Walking II Slide 46

Giacometti

Realism (1920-1940)

• Realism is defined by the accurate, unembellished, and detailed depiction of nature or contemporary life. The movement prefers an observation of physical appearance rather than imagination or idealization.

Georgia O’Keefe

Georgia O'Keeffe 1935 Ram's Head White Hollyhock and Little Hills

Georgia O’Keefe

Red Canna

1923

Slide 48

Edward Hopper 1942Nighthawks Slide 49

Grant Wood

Grant Wood

American Gothic

1930

Slide 50

Realism/ Mexican Muralists

• Mexican muralism is a Mexican art movement that took place primarily in the 1930s. The movement stands out historically because of its political undertones, or related to a social and political situation of post-revolutionary Mexico.

• A number of like-minded artists in Mexico turned to their own history and artistic heritage, namely Mexico's pre-Columbian cultures and indigenous peoples, contributing to a renaissance of Mexican painting.

Mexican Muralism• This style was thought of as a teaching method and it was expressed in

public places where all people could have access to it regardless of race and social class. Muralists worked over a concrete surface or on the façade of a building. The themes involved events from the political climate of the time and as a reaction to the Mexican Revolution.

• Beginning in the 1920s and continuing to mid century, artists were commissioned by the local government to cover the walls of official institutions such as Mexico’s schools, churches and museums. Murals from this movement can be found on the majority of the public buildings in Mexico City and throughout other cities in Mexico, such as Guadalajara, that played important roles in Mexico’s history

Diego Rivera

Man at the Crossroads Diego Rivera

Diego Rivera Dream of a Sunday Afternoon in the Alameda, mural detail Slide 52

Diego Rivera 1932-1933South Wall of a mural depicting Detroit Industry

Jose’ Clemente Orozco 1932-34Gods of the Modern World, Dartmouth Mural Slide 51

David Alfaro Siqueiros 1966The soldiers of Zapata, detail of a mural Slide 53

Frieda Kahlo

Frieda Kahlo 1932Self Portrait on the Borderline between Mexico and the United States Slide 54

Abstract Expressionism

• (1945-1960)• Abstract Expressionism celebrated the angst-

ridden individual, making the artist’s struggle toward creativity deem both dramatic and heroic. For the Abstract Expressionist, art could liberate the soul of the isolated individual in a messed-up world.

• The French called it tachism, which means, blobs of color.

Jackson Pollock 1950Autumn Rhythm Slide 47

Jackson PollockJackson Pollock is responsible for painting the most expensive painting, No. 5, 1948, that allegedly sold for $140 million . Pollock paintings can be classified as Abstract Expressionism. Many people wonder who in the world would be willing to pay $140 million for a painting but in truth paintings are wise investments that rarely depreciate in value.

Andrew Wyth/ New Realism

• The woman crawling through the tawny grass was the artist's neighbor in Maine, who, crippled by polio, "was limited physically but by no means spiritually." Wyeth further explained, "The challenge to me was to do justice to her extraordinary conquest of a life which most people would consider hopeless." He recorded the arid landscape, rural house, and shacks with great detail, painting minute blades of grass, individual strands of hair, and nuances of light and shadow. In this style of painting, known as magic realism, everyday scenes are imbued with poetic mystery.

Andrew Wyth

Andrew Wyth 1948Christina’s World Slide 57

Pop Art

• (1950’s-late 60’s)• With Pop Art, American mass culture was

celebrated in recognizable images of everyday consumer icons.

Japer Johns 1958Three Flags Slide 55

Jim Dine

Jim Dine 2009Wonderful Times Slide 56

Andy Warhol

Andy Warhol 1967Four Marylins Slide 58

Roy Lichtenstein

Kiss V

1964

Slide 60

Roy Lichenstein

Chuck Close/ Hyperrealism

Chuck Close

Self-Portrait Wood Cut

2009

Slide 61

Sandy Skoglund/ Photo Surrealism

• Sandy Skoglund is an American photographer and installation artist.

• Skoglund creates surrealist images by building elaborate sets or tableaux, furnishing them with carefully selected colored furniture and other objects, a process of which takes her months to complete. Finally, she photographs the set, complete with actors. The works are characterized by an overwhelming amount of one object and either bright, contrasting colors or a monochromatic color scheme

Sandy Skoglund 1980Radioactive Cats Slide 62