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Supplementary Materials:
Poly(arlyene ether sulfone) based semi-interpenetrating
polymer network membranes containing cross-linked
poly(vinyl phosphonic acid) chains for fuel cell
applications at high temperature and low humidity
conditions
Kihyun Kima, Pilwon Heob, Taeyun Koa, Ki-hyun Kimb, Sung-Kon Kima, Chanho Pakb ,and
Jong-Chan Leea*
a Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes,
Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak–ro, Gwanak–gu, Seoul 151–744, Republic of Korea
b Energy Lab., Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.,
Electronic Materials Research Complex, 130 Samsung-ro, Gyeonggi-do, 443-803, Republic
of Korea
Corresponding Author: Tel. +82 2 880 7070 / fax: +82 2 880 8899; e-mail: [email protected]
Captions of supplementary figures
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Figure S1. Synthesis of SPAES polymer.
Figure S2. 1H NMR spectrum of SPAES.
Figure S3. Infrared spectra of VPA-based solution containing BMAEP and thermal initiator
(AIBN). (a) Before thermal treatment (b) after thermal treatment at 80 oC for 24 h. (c) Photo
images of VPA-based solution after thermal treatment at 80 oC for 24 h.
Figure S4. Photo and SEM images (surface and cross-section) of the membranes with
various weight ratios of SPAES to VPA. (a) VPA0 (SPAES: VPA = 1: 0, SPAES) (b) VPA1.0
(SPAES: VPA = 1: 1, B15) (c) VPA1.5 (SPAES: VPA = 1: 1.5) (d) VPA2.0 (SPAES: VPA = 1:
2). Molar content of BMAEP in the all semi-IPN membranes is 0.15 mol of VPA.
Figure S5. Photo image of semi-IPN membrane using divinyl benzene as a cross-linker.
Figure S6. Durability test (OCV holding method involving the continual I-V measurements)
of the MEAs prepared using recast-Nafion® and SPAES membranes at 120 °C and 40% RH
for 100 h. Arrow on figure denotes the region induced by temporary recording error.
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Table S1 Results of oxidative stability test and hydrogen cross-over measurement.
Membrane Residual weighta
(%)
Hydrogen cross-overb (mA cm-2)
200c (mV) 500c (mV)
SPAES 83 0.2 0.3
B15 83 0.2 0.3
Recast-Nafion® 98 1.3 1.8
a Obtained by Fenton’s test.
b Measured at the beginning of the operation at 120 oC and 40% RH.
c Applied DC voltages between the electrodes.
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