ars.els-cdn.com · Web viewAccording the formula Eq 2, areal specific capacitances are 1.415 F cm-2...
Transcript of ars.els-cdn.com · Web viewAccording the formula Eq 2, areal specific capacitances are 1.415 F cm-2...
Supporting Information
High Performance of Self-supported Flexible Supercapacitor Based
on Carbon Fibers Covalently Combined with
Monoaminophthalocyanine
Yan Luo1, Pengcheng Wu1, Jiangwei Li1, Shengchao Yang1, Keliang Wu1, Jianning
Wu1, Guihua Meng1*, Zhiyong Liu1*, Xuhong, Guo1
1 School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shihezi University/Key Laboratory for Green
Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan/Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented
Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region/Engineering Research Center of
Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, PR
China
*Corresponding author:Guihua Meng, Ph.D.; Zhiyong Liu, Ph.D.
Email (G. H. Meng): [email protected]
Email (Z. Y. Liu): [email protected]
In order to study the effect of reaction time on graft rate of Pc-NH2, a controlled
experiment that reaction time was set as 1d, 2d, 3d and 4d was designed. With
increased reaction time, the surface morphology of carbon fibers is shown in figure
S1. It is clear to see that surface of carbon fiber changed the most obviously on the
third day. Stirring too long could cause exfoliation of GCC-PcNH2 from surface of
carbon fiber just as figure of 4 day.
Fig. S1 SEM images of GCC-PcNH2 with different reaction time.
To further determine the graft rate of PcNH2, XPS can be used to detect the
content of nitrogen element, which is only contained in phthalocyanine during the
whole reaction process. Therefore, the content of Pc-NH2 on the carbon fibers could
be reflected by the atomic percentages of nitrogen element. The content of N1
increased consistently until end of the third day, that up to 12.613%. On the fourth
day, the content of N1 decreased to 11.886% and the C1 and O1 increased obviously
as shown in table S1. It is consistent with our anticipation that excessive stirring could
result in shedding of graphene-like on the surface of carbon fibers and the best
reaction time is stirring for 3 days.
Table S1
Elemental composition of GCC-PcNH2 from XPS analyses.
Reation time (d) Atomic percentages [%]
C1 N1 O1
1 68.028 10.727 21.244
2 65.992 11.44 22.568
3 65.11 12.613 22.276
4 70.99 11.886 17,915To explore the effect of graft rate of Pc-NH2 on specific capacitance,
galvanostatic charge–discharge was adopted. Figure S2 show the GCD curves of
GCC-PcNH2 with different reaction time at an electrical current density 10 mA cm-2.
According the formula Eq 2, areal specific capacitances are 1.415 F cm-2 1.523 F cm-2
1.627 F cm-2 and 1.508 F cm-2 after reacting for 1d, 2d, 3d and 4d respectively.
Therefore, the content of Pc-NH2 could affect the areal specific capacitances and the
best graft rate shows the highest areal specific capacitances.
Fig. S2 GCD curve of GCC-PcNH2 with different reaction time.
Fig. S3 (a) EDX spectrum shows C, N and O elements’ characteristic peaks of GCC-
COOH; (b1) SEM of GCC-PcNH2; (b2) EDS of GCC-PcNH2; (b3), (b4) EDS of
GCC-PcNH2 for N and O respectively.
Figure S4. CV curves of SC under different bending conditions.
Figure S5. CVs curves of tandem devices with two and three SCs connected in series
Figure S6. The brightness of a LED powered by three supercapacitors changes over
time.
Table S2
Electrochemical performances of electrodes and devices compared to reported
literatures.
Materials Methods CN/CR Cm/ICD TD CD ED Year
s
Monoami
nophthalo
cyanine-
carbon
fiber
chemical
reaction
10000,
90.46%
2.425 F cm-
2/ 1 mA cm-2
Symmetric, all-solid-state
1.610 F
cm-2/1 mA
cm-2
1.651 × 10-4
W h cm-2/1
mA cm-2
This
work
graphene
sheets/car
bon cloth
Electrochemic
al exfoliation
and re-
deposition
3000,
95.7%
1.134 F cm-
2/ 2 mA cm-2
Symmetric,
all-solid-state
0.293 F
cm-2/2 mA
cm-2
9.15 × 10-5 W
h cm-2/2 mA
cm-2
2019
[S1]
Polyhydro
quinone/
graphite
electrochemic
al anodization
3000,
93%
0.378 F cm-
2/1 mA cm-2
Symmetric, all-solid-state
-- 8.4 × 10-6
Wh cm-2/1
mA cm-2
2019
[S2]
CO
F/carbon
mixture 4500,
76%
0.464 F cm-
2/0.5 mA
Symmetric, all-
0.167 F
cm-2/0.5
5.8 × 10-6
Wh cm-2/0.5
2019
[S3]
nanofiber cm-2 solid-state
mA cm-2 mA cm-2
Carbon
Felt
freeze-drying 4000,
95%
1.441 F cm-
2/0.5 mA
cm-2
Asymmetric, aqueous electrolytes
1.276 F
cm–2/0.3
mA cm–2
1.04 × 10-4
Wh cm–2/0.3
mA cm–2
2018
[S4]
Graphene
fiber
plasma
treatment
20000,
96.14%
0.363 F cm-
2/0.1 mA
cm-2
symmetric, all-solid-state
0.223 F
cm-2/0.1
mA cm-2
1.812 × 10-5
Wh cm-2/0.1
mA cm-2
2018
[S5]
Co(C
O3)0.5(O
H)·0.11H2
O@ZIF-
67
nanowire
s /carbon
cloth
Chemical
Vapor
Deposition
4000,
98.2%
1.22 F·cm-
2/0.5 mA
cm-2
-- -- -- 2018
[S6]
Na-Doped
MnO2
/Carbon
Nanotube
Fibers
hydrothermal
method and
plasma
treatment
5000,
90%
0.743 F cm-
2/1 mA cm-2
Asymmetric, all-solid-state
0.265 F
cm-2/1 mA
cm-2
1.784 × 10-5
Wh/cm-2/1
mA cm-2
2018
[S7]
N
Codoped
Carbon
low-temperature
solvothermal
route
10000,
100%
3.3 × 10-4 F
cm-2/ 5 mV
s-1
-- -- -- 2018
[S8]
TiN/MON
fiber
Anodization
and
hydrothermal
methods
8000,
84.5%
0.737 F cm-
2/10 mV s-1
Asymmetric, aqueous electrolytes
0.075 F
cm-2/10
mV s-1
2.37 × 10-5
Wh cm-2/10
mV s-1
2017
[S9]
NC: cycling number; CRR: capacitance retention; CSD: capacitance of single electrode; TD: type of device; CD: capacitance of device; ED: energy density
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