Arkema Coating Resins Welcome to the 2014 ACR … 7 Pressure Sensitiv… · Arkema Coating Resins...
Transcript of Arkema Coating Resins Welcome to the 2014 ACR … 7 Pressure Sensitiv… · Arkema Coating Resins...
Arkema Coating Resins
Welcome to the 2014 ACR Webinar Series!!
August 15, 2014
Invest one hour with us and we’ll help you grow your business with products and technology from Arkema Coating Resins
2014 ACR Webinar Series
Today’s Topic: Pressure Sensitive Adhesives Speaker: Keith Andes Title: Technical Service Chemist
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Our training goal
Give you the knowledge necessary to answer your customer’s questions concerning pressure sensitive adhesives with confidence • Define the categories of PSA
• Describe industry testing protocols
• Outline the characteristics of the different product classifications
• Highlight several Arkema products and describe their performance benefits
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Today’s Agenda
What is a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive?
North American PSA Market
PSA Product Categories
PSA Performance Testing
Waterborne PSA Compounding
ACR product line overview and product spotlight
Recap
What is a Pressure Sensitive Adhesive?
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Pressure Sensitive Adhesives
Definition: Pressure Sensitive Adhesives (PSA) are polymeric materials that can form a physical bond with another material upon brief contact and with light pressure.
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PSA performance is dictated by its ability to bond and debond
All PSA applications involve bond formation and debonding steps
• Bond formation is the result of a polymeric material being able to flow and wet under light pressure establishing a contact area with the substrate.
• Debonding involves deformation of the material under stress, followed by
separation from the substrate
Adhesive bond formation requires the PSA to flow like a liquid upon application
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Adhesive debonding or peel strength requires the PSA to behave like a solid
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PSAs are Viscoelastic Materials
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Silly Puddy, although NOT a PSA, is a real world example of materials that exhibit both solids and liquid behavior
Short time periods of time it exhibits elastic
behavior (solid)
Over long periods of time it exhibits viscous
behavior (liquid)
Pressure Sensitive Adhesives are everywhere
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Pressure Sensitive Adhesives offer many advantages over other types of adhesives
No need to apply moisture or heat High application speed Controlled thickness Cushion/gap filling effects Tack allows prepositioning Die Cut Shapes
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… but they are not without their drawbacks
PSA bonds are not totally permanent Sensitive to surface contamination Usually sensitive to temperature
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Water-borne PSA offer additional advantages
Requires no solvent incineration or recovery equipment Works with a wide variety of materials Lower cost than solvent-borne systems
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..but Water-borne PSA have additional limitations
Difficult to coat due to high surface tension – needs surfactants (coating package) Lower adhesion to some lower surface energy surfaces such as polyolefins Performance not equal to solvent systems More difficult to dry than solvents
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North American PSA Market
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Waterborne is the dominant technology and tapes the largest segment
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Industrial has the largest share of the NA tape market, but healthcare delivers the greatest value
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PSA is a large and growing segment in the NA label market
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Specialty applications account for 20% of the total PSA market
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PSA accounts are located primarily on the east coast and in the upper midwest
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PSA Product Categories
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PSA can be categorized numerous ways
By chemistry By end-use application By adhesive properties
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By Chemistry: Water Based (Emulsion)
Advantages • Requires no solvent incineration or recovery equipment • Works with a wide variety of materials • Lower cost than solvent systems
Disadvantages • Difficult to coat due to high surface tension – needs coating package
(surfactants) • Lower adhesion to some surfaces lower surface energy surfaces such as
polyolefins • Performance not equal to solvent systems • More difficult to dry than solvents
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By Chemistry: Solvent (Solution)
Advantages • Easy to vary solids, viscosity, and drying rate • No concern about freeze/thaw • Can use a wide variety of modifiers/catalysts • Excellent coating quality • Wide variety of molecular weights • Can be formulated for superior peel, tack and shear balance
Disadvantages
• Flammable/ safety concerns • Recovery/ disposal issues of solvent – costly capture or incineration
equipment required • Health and exposure issues
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By Chemistry: 100% Solids (Hot Melt and UV Reactive)
Advantages • No oven/ drying required • No solvent recovery required • Very high coating speeds possible
Disadvantages • Limited formulations • UV capital equipment is expensive
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By End-Use: Filmic and paper labels
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Labels are a key element of package design
• Product branding, nutritional information, use instructions, etc.
PSA contributes very little to overall packaging cost but are indispensible
By End-Use: Decorative and protective laminates
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Over-laminate films are low cost options for improving the durability and aesthetics of any substrate They can either be permanently applied or easily removable
By End-Use: Tapes
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Tapes are perhaps the most familiar embodiment of a product employing PSA Mixing different combinations of facestock and PSA offers almost unlimited product design possibilities The PSA employed is specific to each end use
• Medical, electrical, masking, etc.
By Adhesive Properties: Grades
Permanent – most common type with high ultimate adhesion. Removal results in destructive failure (tearing substrate or backing). Removable – relatively high cohesive strength and low ultimate adhesion. Removed easily from most substrates without leaving a residue. Repositionable – low adhesion initially which builds over time allowing for corrections to be made if labels are not applied properly.
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By Adhesive Properties: Permanent
Typical Adhesive Properties • Initial peel adhesion above 2.0 lb/in. • Peel adhesion typically builds over time. • Loop tack values above 1.0 lb/in • Shear values 1 to 10 hours
Can be base acrylic latex or tackified through formulation
Typical applications include labels, packaging tape, and over-laminates.
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By Adhesive Properties: Removable
Typical Adhesive Properties • Initial peel adhesion less than 2.0 lb/in (typically 1.0 lb/in). • Peel adhesion does not increase with time. • Loop tack values below 1.0 lb/in • Shear values 10+ hours (can be much higher)
Can be base acrylic latex or cross-linked through formulation
Typical applications include temporary notes, labels, wall coverings, signage and surface protection.
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By Adhesive Properties: Repositionable
Typical Adhesive Properties • Initial peel adhesion less than 2.0 lb/in (typically 1.0 lb/in). Similar to
removable PSAs. • Once applied, the adhesion builds significantly over time and becomes
somewhat “permanent”. • Peel adhesion builds roughly 200% or greater after 24 hours. • Shear values 10+ hours (can be much higher)
Can be base acrylic latex or cross linked through formulation Typical uses include critical label applications.
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PSA Performance Testing
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Three key performance properties
Peel resistance (adhesion) Tack (initial adhesion or grab) Shear resistance (cohesive strength)
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Sample preparing can influence performance
Coat weight • Must be specified and can be given in various units (g/1000m2, lbs/ream,
mils thickness)
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Direct or indirect coating • Direct coating onto facestock • Indirect coating onto low surface
energy release liner Facestock
• Can influence adhesive properties and must be specified by end-user
Substrate • Innumerable • Standard substrates include paper,
films, metals, glass
Sample preparation
Sample Prep Video
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PSA Performance Testing - Peel Adhesion
The force required to remove a PSA-coated flexible material from a specified test surface under standard conditions.
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Method of Measurement • 180o peel test (PSTC-1): A 1 inch wide strip of
PSA coated material is applied to a stainless steel plate under a determined pressure and allowed to dwell for a specific amount of time.
Effect on Application
• Will determine end use such as removable, permanent or repositionable.
180o Peel Adhesion (PSTC -1)
Peel Video
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PSA Performance Testing - Loop Tack
The resistance offered by an adhesive film to detachment from a substrate, it is the ability to form an instant bond when brought into low pressure contact with a substrate. Also called: wet tack, quick stick, initial adhesion, finger tack, thumb tack, quick grab and quick adhesion.
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Method of Measurement • Loop tack test (PSTC-16): measure of the force
required to remove a standard adhesive coated film loop from a stainless steel plate after a short contact in the absence of pressure
Effect on Application
• Initial tack is critical to most PSA applications especially hard to stick to substrates such as polyolefin substrates, corrugated cardboard and non-uniform shapes such as bottles.
Loop Tack (PSTC-16)
Tack Video 41
The force required to pull the pressure sensitive material parallel to the surface to which it was affixed. Also called: cohesive strength, stiffness of adhesive
Method of Measurement
• Shear strength (PSTC 7) – measure of the time required for a statically loaded PSA sample to separate from a standard flat surface in a parallel direction to the surface to which it was affixed with standard pressure
PSA Performance Testing - Shear Resistance
Effect on Application • Increased cohesive strength improves die cutting
by reducing ooze and gumming of adhesive on blades
• Reduces bleeding and migration of latex on substrate
• Needed for removable labels
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Shear Resistance (PSTC-7)
Shear Video
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In general, as peel adhesion increases shear adhesion decreases.
Adhesive properties controlled by Mw, Tg, X-linking and chemistry
012345Tack
Peel
Low Temp TackShear
Humidity Resistance
High Cohesive Strength
Relationship between Peel Adhesion and Cohesive Strength
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012345Tack
Peel
Low Temp TackShear
Humidity Resistance
Aggressive Peel and Tack
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Waterborne PSA Compounding
Water Based PSA can be formulated with other materials to improve adhesive properties or application characteristics
Base latex (Acrylic, ST-Acrylic, SBR…) Compounding additives
• Resins/ tackifier • Plasticizers • Fillers • UV stabilizers • Anti-oxidants • Rheology modifiers (thickeners) • Surfactants • Defoamers • Biocides
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Compounding additives: Resins/ Tackifiers
Primary purpose: Added to promote tack Mechanism: Low molecular weight polymers increase tack by improving cold flow and wet out of dry adhesive. Types of tackifers:
• For acrylic polymers: rosin esters, pure aromatics • For SBR polymers: rosin esters, pure and petroleum aromatics, alpha
pinene terpenes • For natural rubbers: petroleum aliphatics anad aromatics, terpenes,
rosin esters
Tackifiers are selected based on their compatibility with the base latex and desired performance properties
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Compounding additives: Plasticizers
Primary Purpose: improve adhesive flow and wet out Types of plasticizers
• Mineral oil • Liquid polybutenes • Liquid polyesters
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Compounding additives: Stabilizers
Primary Purpose: protect adhesive from degradation from light or oxygen UV stabilizers:
• Hindered amines
Antioxidants • Hindered phenols
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Compounding additives: Rheology Modifiers
Primary purpose: to improve processing/ converting of the wet latex by optimizing low and high shear viscosity Types of thickeners:
• Polyvinyl alcohol (neutral pH) • Cellulosic derivatives (neutral pH) • Natural gums (neutral pH) • HASE: Hydrophobic Alkali Swellable Emulsions (basic pH) • Polyurethane associative thickeners
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Compounding additives: Fillers
Primary Purpose: To reduce tack and adhesion, impart opacity, improve converting (dye cutting) Types of fillers
• Calcium carbonate • Titanium dioxide • Zinc oxide • Aluminum silicates (clays) • Pigments
Fillers will impact viscosity based on size, shape and quantity
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Generic Water Based Formulation
Polymer 60-80% Resins/tackifiers 20-40% Plasticizers 0-40% Fillers 0-10% Other 1-2%
• Stabilizers • Thickeners • Defoamers • Surfactants
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Pressure Sensitive Adhesives
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PSA are used in the manufacture of tapes, labels and over-laminate films They can be supplied as either waterborne latexes, solventborne solutions or 100% solids hot melts, with waterborne being the largest type In North America labels are the largest consumers of PSA
Labels can be categorized as either paper, filmic or metallic based on the face stock type
• Label adhesives types can be further sub-categorized based on their adhesive properties (i.e. permanent, removal repositionable) and the conditions under which they will be used
• The primary adhesive properties are peel strength, tack and shear adhesion
ACR Product Overview
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ENCOR® PSA Selection Guide
LABEL General Purpose Clear and Paper
• ENCOR 9466 • ENCOR 9144
Water Resistant Filmic • ENCOR 9285
Low/ All Temperature • ENCOR 9569
OVER-LAMINATE
• ENCOR 9291
TAPE • ENCOR 9801
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ACR Pressure Sensitive Adhesives
Product Chemistry Total solids (%) Tg (oC) Features
LABELS - PERMANENT
ENCOR® 9165 Acrylic 52 -34 Base latex for general purpose filmic labels
ENCOR® 9290 Acrylic 50 -42 EnVia; coater-ready all purpose PSA
ENCOR® 9466 Acrylic 60 -40 General purpose label
ENCOR® 9285 Styrene acrylic 50 -38 EnVia; coater-ready adhesive for clear, water-resistant labels
LABELS - ALL TEMPERATURE PERMANENT
ENCOR® 9569 Acrylic 57.5 -53 Label and tapes for low energy substrates; ambient to sub-freezing temperatures
TAPES
ENCOR® 9801 Acrylic 55 -42 Packing tapes
OVER-LAMINATE FILMS
ENCOR® 9291 Acrylic 50 -42 High speed gravure direct coating of treated films
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Pressure Sensitive Adhesive Product Spotlight
More detailed information available in product literature
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ENCOR® 9466 High Solids General Purpose PSA
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ENCOR® 9466 has an excellent balance of adhesive properties
Value Proposition
Highly versatile product that allows our customers the ability to formulate high clarity, permanent paper and filmic labels
Product Overview
Features ● High solids with low viscosity ● Excellent balance of peel, tack and cohesive strength ● Cleaner converting due to low surface tension and high cohesive strength ● Very good adhesion to low surface energy substrates ● Exceptional tackifier response ● High line speed capability ● FDA 21 CFR 175.105 compliance ● EnVia® compliant
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ENCOR® 9466 can form the basis of a range of products
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ENCOR 9466
Neat
30% high MP tackifier
General purpose permanent (GPP)
30% low MP tackifier
Aggressive tack and peel
All temperature
ENCOR® 9466 can be formulated to alter application window
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ENCOR 9466 with low MP tackifier
All Temp PSA
ENCOR 9466 with high MP tackifier
PSA with aggressive tack and peel
ENCOR 9466
GPP PSA
ENCOR® 9569 For All-Temperature Permanent Label and Tape Applications
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ENCOR® 9569 yields good low temperature adhesion
Value Proposition
Allows our customers the ability to formulate for all-temperature permanent label and tape applications
Excellent for blending with higher Tg harder polymers that need an increase in tack.
Product Overview
Features ● Outstanding color and clarity on clear face stocks ● Excellent peel and tack ● Superior adhesion to a wide variety of surfaces ● Excellent flow and leveling ● Conformance to FDA 21CFR175.105 ● Good adhesion down to -10°F on a wide variety of surfaces
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ENCOR® 9569
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Peel 3.7 lbs/in Loop 3.0 PSI Shear 0.75 hrs
Good low temperature tack key to ENCOR® 9569 performance in this application
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ENCOR® 9285 For Clear, Water Resistant Labels
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ENCOR® 9285 demonstrates excellent water-whitening resistance
Value Proposition
Allows our customer to formulation adhesives for clear bottle labels that have excellent water-whitening resistance
Product Overview
Features ● Excellent clarity and water whiteness ● Excellent balance of peel, tack and cohesive strength ● Adhesion to a wide variety of surfaces ● Excellent blush resistance ● Conformance to FDA 21CFR175.105
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ENCOR® 9285
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ENCOR® 9285 displays superior water whitening resistance
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ENCOR 9285 STD PSA
Open-faced films after 24 hrs immersion in water
Highlights of Today’s Webinar Summary
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Recap
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Today’s session was intended to provide you with a technical grounding in pressure sensitive adhesive testing and product selection ACR offers products for use in label, over-laminate and tape applications • ENCOR 9466 has an excellent balance of adhesive
properties for general purpose PSA labels
• ENCOR 9569 yields good low temperature adhesion for freezer grade PSA labels
• ENCOR 9285 displays superior water whitening resistance for use as a PSA for beverage bottle labels
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Questions? Please contact the Account Team
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Mary Chervenak [email protected]
Marlene Hernandez [email protected]
Mark Piggott [email protected]
Commercial Questions
Latin America
Commercial Questions
USA & Canada
Technical Questions
2014 ACR Webinar Series
Today’s Topic: Architectural Coatings Speaker: Neal Rogers Title: Technical Account Coordinator
Friday September 19, 2014 @ 2:00pm ET
Arkema Coating Resins
Thank You for Joining Us!!
See you in September!!
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