Effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide on thermoregulation ...
Are there alternative insecticidal products after the ban ... · pests of young plants by...
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Are there alternative insecticidal products after the ban of neonicotinoid seed
treatment?
N. Conrad, M. Brandes & U. Heimbach
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Background
Ban of neonicotinoids for seed treatment in winter oilseed rape in the EU in 2013
higher importance of autumn insect pestschemical control of PSYICH relies on synthetic pyrethroids
but resistance to pyrethroids complicates controlknowledge gap because of many years good control of insect
pests of young plants by neonicotinoid seed treatmentschanged crop production systems may need new thresholds
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Aim of the study
PhD project started in autumn 2015:
Research on biology and population dynamicsFigure out threshold values for PSYICHDamage potential
Are there alternative control options for autumn pests of oilseed rape? (presented today)
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Phenology of Cabbage stem flea beetle P. chrysocephala
July – September: Diapause in sheltered places
September ‐ April: Oviposition
October ‐ April:Hatching of larvae
October ‐ May:Larvae feed in petioles and stems
December‐May:Larvae pupate in the soil
May ‐ July: New adults emerge
September –October:Adults migrate into new crop
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Materials and methods
Product Active ingredient Application
control ‐ ‐
Karate Zeon (2015 + 2016)
lambda‐cyhalothrin 7.5 g /ha. sprayed
Foliar appl. 12.10.2015 (1styear) 30.09.2016 (2nd year)
Elado(2015 + 2016)
clothianidin + beta‐cyfluthrin. 10 + 2 g ai / kg
Seed treatment
Fortenza Force(2015)
cyantraniliprole + tefluthrin. 39 + 25 g ai / 1.000.000 seeds
Seed treatment
Lumiposa(2016)
cyantraniliprole.50 g ai / 1.000.000 seeds
Seed treatment
All treatments with same fungicide (TMTD & DMM) seed treatment and of the same batch of seeds
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Materials and methods24m
30m
1. control2. Karate Zeon3. Elado4. Fortenza Force / Lumiposa
5m
Photoeclector to estimate the number of beetle in autumn
Yellow water trap to detect the beetle activity in autumn
1
3
2
4
3
1
4
2
3
2
1
4
1
4
3
2
Photoeclector to determine the number of emerging young beetles in summer
Assessed insect pests:1. P. chrysocephala (feeding damage; number of larvae)2. D. radicum (root damage)3. M. persicae4. TuYV infection rates
Eclector and yellow water trap
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Autumn yellow water trap catches and beetle density per m2
051015202530
0
10
20
30
40
50
week36
week37
week38
week39
week40
week41
week42
week43
week44
week45
Aug. Sept. Oct.
Eclector
catche
s (+SD)
per m
2
Beetles pe
r yello
w w
ater trap
051015202530
01020304050
week36
week37
week38
week39
week40
week41
week42
week43
week44
Sept. Oct.
Eclector
catche
s (+SD)
per m
2
Beetlespe
r yello
wwater
trap Eclector catches
Yellow water trap
2015/16
2016/17
Karate Zeo
n
Karate Zeo
n
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Feeding damage of PSYICH
Shot‐holes
0
1
2
3
4
BBCH 10‐13 BBCH 10‐14 BBCH 13‐18
12.09.2016 19.09.2016 26.09.2016
% dam
aged
leaf area
(+SD
)
controlEladoLumiposa
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
BBCH 10‐12 BBCH 11‐13 BBCH 12‐14 BBCH 14‐15
10.09.2015 17.09.2015 24.09.2015 01.10.2015
% dam
aged
leaf area
(+SD
)
controlEladoFortenza Force
2015/16
2016/17
A low level of feeding damage in both years!
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No. of emerged plants per 2 m row
0
5
10
15
20
25
BBCH 10‐12 BBCH 10‐13 BBCH 12‐13
03.09.2015 10.09.2015 17.09.2015
Plan
ts per 2 m
row (+
SD) control Elado Fortenza Force
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
BBCH 0‐14 BBCH 10‐14 BBCH 10‐16
08.09.2016 15.09.2016 13.10.2016
Plan
ts per 2 m
row (+
SD)
control Elado Lumiposa
2015/16
2016/17
Higher numbers of emerged plants in Elado and Lumiposa/Fortenzaplots
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No. of PSYICH larvae per plant
02468
1012
BBCH 17‐19 BBCH 19 BBCH 19
30.11.2015 15.02.2016 15.03.2016
Larvae
(+SD
) per plant control
Karate (12.10.2015)EladoFortenza Force
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
BBCH 17‐19 BBCH 19 BBCH 30‐33
07.11.2016 06.02.2017 21.03.2017
Larvae
(+SD
) per plant control
Karate (30.09.2016)EladoLumiposa
No. of larvae in both years significantly lower in Karate Zeon plots
Elado with clear effects only in 2ndyear
No effects visible for Fortenza/Lumiposa
2015/16
2016/17
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Cumulative daily degrees
Month 2015‐2016 2016‐2017 Difference
September 422.5 586.6 ‐164.1
October 287.8 323.6 ‐35.8
November 273.8 163.6 110.2
December 270.7 141.7 129.0
January 96.1 43.8 52.3
Sum 1350.9 1259.3 91.6
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No. of emerged beetles per m2
Eclector
2015/16
2016/17
020406080
100120
Week 24 Week 25 Week 26 Week 27 Week 28 Week 29
June July
Emerged be
ttlespe
r m
2
controlKarate ZeonEladoLumiposa
0
20
40
60
80
Week 23 Week 24 Week 25 Week 26 Week 27 Week 28
June July
Emerged be
etles pe
r m
2 controlKarate ZeonEladoFortenza Force
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No. of emerged beetles per m2
Eclector
Treatment Mean number of emerged beetles / m²
SD
control 156 ± 40Karate Zeon 28 ± 24Elado 272 ± 104Lumiposa 108 ± 44
2015/16
2016/17
Treatment Mean number of emerged beetles / m²
SD
control 82 ± 41
Karate Zeon 10 ± 8
Elado 65 ± 46
Fortenza Force 128 ± 60
Reduced No. of emerged beetles in Karate plots
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Infestation of M. persicae
M. persicae
02468
10121416
BBCH 12‐15 BBCH 12‐17 BBCH 13‐17
04.10.2016 17.10.2016 31.10.2016
M. p
ersicae (+SD
) per plant
controlKarate zeon (30.09.2016)EladoLumiposa
2015/16
2016/17Reduced No. of aphids in Elado plots
No influence of Karate Zeon and Lumiposa/Fortenzaon No. of aphids
1.6 !
16.0 !
0.04
0.19
00,20,40,60,81
1,21,41,6
BBCH 14‐15 BBCH 15‐16
30.09.2015 12.10.2015
M. p
ersicae (+SD
) per plant control
Karate Zeon (12.10.2015)EladoFortenza Force
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Plants infected by TuYV
No differences between quantitative Virus‐titer!!
Virus symptoms
0
20
40
60
80
100
BBCH 17‐19 BBCH 31‐33
10.11.2016 30.03.2017
% TuY
V infected
plants
(+SD
)
controlKarate ZeonEladoLumiposa
0
20
40
60
80
100
BBCH 19 BBCH 19
10.12.2015 14.03.2016
% TuY
V infected
plants (+SD
) controlKarate ZeonEladoFortenza Force
2015/16
2016/17
Effects of Elado only at low levels of aphid infestation
No effects of Karate and Lumiposa/Fortenza
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Yield
Treatment Yield std Difference (kg)to control
% ofcontrol
2015/16Control 2557 156 - -Karate Zeon 2581 265 24 100Elado 2720 147 162 106Fortenza Force 2517 187 -39 982016/17Control 2420 239 - -Karate Zeon 2437 308 17 100Elado 2623 181 203 107Lumiposa 2478 460 57 94
No clear difference between treatments because of high variability, but Elado in both years better!!
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Summary
Low leaf feeding damage of PYSICH in both years but more emerged plants in ELADO and Lumiposa/Fortenza.
Low infestations with cabbage root fly (< 30% damaged root area at single plant level) in both years
Application of Karate Zeon significantly decreased the No. of flea beetle larvae in both years. Effects of Elado seed treatment visible only at early migration in 2016/17
No influence of cyantraniliprol products on PSYICH observed
No. of aphids, especially M. persicae, reduced by Clothianidin. TuYVinfestation only slightly reduced, but depending on infestation levels
All insecticide treatments had no clear influence on yield in both years, but Elado in both years better
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The work was funded by the Union forPromoting Oil and Protein Plants e. V. (UFOP)
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Thank you!!!