Arduinos, application servers, and me: Adventures in and out of the cloud

© 2013 IBM Corporation

Arduinos,!Application Servers,!

and me


?


“Computers in the future may weigh no more than 1.5 tons.”

!Popular Mechanics,

1949 !


“I think there is a world market for maybe five computers.”

Thomas Watson chairman of IBM

1943


Then: HARDware


Now: Everyware


Next: Connected-ware


Why care about the Internet of Things?



It’s the future.



It’s the future.“This could really benefit my business.”



It’s the future.“This could really benefit my business.”

“This is so FUN and COOL and OOH I made it LIGHT UP!”


Poll-time.


Hmm.We’ll come back to this.


Working with IoT


Working with IoT: step 1



“No, I did NOT mean jot. I meant iot. Gah!”



Get some kit


Taxonomy of embedded devices



Microcontroller



MicrocontrollerSort-of-a-computer




Microprocessor




MicroprocessorReally-a-computer


The microcontroller zoo



PIC (£2)



PIC (£2)Arduino (£23)



PIC (£2)Arduino (£23)Arduino-compatible (£9)



PIC (£2)Arduino (£23)Arduino-compatible (£9)NetDuino (£48)



PIC (£2)Arduino (£23)Arduino-compatible (£9)NetDuino (£48).NET micro platform


Arduino


Arduino No on-board ethernet



Thing, but no internet



Thing, but no internetCan buy an ethernet shield (£10)



Thing, but no internetCan buy an ethernet shield (£10)Can buy wi-fi shield (£36, and no WPA2)



Thing, but no internetCan buy an ethernet shield (£10)Can buy wi-fi shield (£36, and no WPA2)Can buy a raspberry pi (£20)



Thing, but no internetCan buy an ethernet shield (£10)Can buy wi-fi shield (£36, and no WPA2)Can buy a raspberry pi (£20)Can find a raspberry pi in a drawer (free!)


The single board computer zoo



Rasberry pi (£25)



Rasberry pi (£25)No wi-fi



Rasberry pi (£25)No wi-fiNo flash storage



Rasberry pi (£25)No wi-fiNo flash storageNo pins




Netduino (£48)




Netduino (£48).NET based





pcDuino (£50)





pcDuino (£50)BeagleBone black (£42)


Raspberry Pi


Raspberry Pi£25


Raspberry Pi£25Huge community



Well-supported



Well-supportedSlow



Well-supportedSlow

Limited RAM



Well-supportedSlow

Limited RAMOld-model processor



Well-supportedSlow

Limited RAMOld-model processorSD storage



Well-supportedSlow


Needs Arduino for IoT applications



Well-supportedSlow


Needs Arduino for IoT applicationsUSB is not my friend



Well-supportedSlow



Insufficient power for reliable wi-fi



Well-supportedSlow



Insufficient power for reliable wi-fiContention if used for wi-fi and Arduino


pcDuino


pcDuino£50


pcDuino£50Powerful


pcDuino£50Powerful

1 GHz ARM A7Cortex Dual core


pcDuino£50Powerful

1 GHz ARM A7Cortex Dual core1 GB RAM


pcDuino£50Powerful

1 GHz ARM A7Cortex Dual core1 GB RAM4 GB Flash Storage


pcDuino£50Powerful


On-board wi-fi


pcDuino£50Powerful


On-board wi-fiArduino-compatible pins (sort of)


pcDuino£50Powerful


On-board wi-fiArduino-compatible pins (sort of)Connectors for battery (sort of)


Going mobile


Going mobile

PcDuino battery

interface


Going mobilePopular

embeddable battery

PcDuino battery

interface


Going mobilePopular

embeddable battery

PcDuino battery

interface

JST-PH


Going mobilePopular

embeddable battery

PcDuino battery

interface

JST-PHJST-SH


BeagleBone black£42!1 GHz processor!Not arduino-compatible out of the box


Arduino Yún

http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardYun?from=Main.ArduinoYUN


Arduino Yún £57



Arduino Yún £57A microcontroller …



Arduino Yún £57A microcontroller …sharing a chip with an Atheros microprocessor




… that runs Linux (limited)




… that runs Linux (limited)… and has WiFi and ethernet



Embedded devices are changing

Modern microcontrollers are more powerful than microprocessors from a few years ago


Why is more powerful better?

You can do more!!You can know less!



You can do more!!You can know less!different things


Why is less powerful better



Smaller



SmallerLower power consumption



SmallerLower power consumptionCheaper!



SmallerLower power consumptionCheaper!Can buy a PIC microcontroller for £2



You can have an application server!!JPA!Rest!WebSockets!CDI


Ubiquitous computing++


WebSphere Liberty Profile



A great fit for embeddables



A great fit for embeddablesVery very lightweight




50 MB download




50 MB download60 MB footprint for biggish JEE app




50 MB download60 MB footprint for biggish JEE appStarts in under 5s





Entirely modular and dynamic





Entirely modular and dynamicPowered by OSGi …





Entirely modular and dynamicPowered by OSGi …(originally designed for embedded systems)





Entirely modular and dynamicPowered by OSGi …(originally designed for embedded systems)

No restarts!



Free tools



Free toolsFree for development



Free toolsFree for developmentNew licensing: free for small-scale production



Free toolsFree for developmentNew licensing: free for small-scale productionUp 2 GB RAM free per organisation



Free toolsFree for developmentNew licensing: free for small-scale productionUp 2 GB RAM free per organisationA great fit for embedables



Free toolsFree for developmentNew licensing: free for small-scale productionUp 2 GB RAM free per organisationA great fit for embedables

Unlikely to use 2 GB RAM on a raspberry pi


Where have I seen this before?


Cloud-Embeddable convergence



Density



Small download

Density



Small downloadSmall memory

footprint

Density




footprint

Density Elasticity


Enable and disable function



footprint

Density Elasticity


Enable and disable functionFor extra points, do it

dynamically



footprint

Density Elasticity



dynamicallyEasy install



footprint

Density Elasticity



dynamicallyEasy install

Easy uninstall



footprint

Density Elasticity


Managing headless devices



Most single-board computers accessible with HDMI display and USB keyboard.




Works fine…




Works fine…If you have a display and

cable and keyboard




Works fine…If you have a display and

cable and keyboardIf the display drivers

support the display


Workflow for “pi and seek”



Ethernet cable



Ethernet cable

DHCP



Ethernet cable

DHCP

Network sharing


Getting a connection


Finding the IP addressmy-mac:~ holly$ ifconfig | grep -A3 bridge100bridge100: flags=8863<UP,BROADCAST,SMART,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 options=3<RXCSUM,TXCSUM> ether 3e:07:54:e0:26:64 inet 192.168.2.1 netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast 192.168.2.255!my-mac:~ holly$ nmap -sn 192.168.2.0/24!Starting Nmap 6.47 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2015-02-28 16:26 GMTStrange error from connect (65):No route to hostNmap scan report for 192.168.2.3Host is up (0.00056s latency).Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (1 host up) scanned in 4.16 seconds


A bit of textile engineering.


Ta-daa!


Ta-daa!

Presenting: The WebSphere Sphere


Ta-daa!

Presenting: The WebSphere Sphere

(“the cuddly application server”)


Remind you of anything?


Um. But it’s lumpy.


Um. But it’s lumpy.Software faults can be corrected without re-typing the whole program.



Lucky software engineers.



Lucky software engineers.Iterative development of physical things is hard.


It’s a computer case


Architecture

Sensors

SSID: WebSphereembedded

application server


Interfacing the ball to the computer

LED sequins


Soft circuits

Conductive thread !Stainless steel!Sewable!

£6.78


Soft-hard connections

Normal jumper lead!Strip connector off one side!Solder to sewable eye


The physical world


The physical worldShorts


The physical worldShortsExtra-bad on a pcDuino, because they take down whole computer



Loose connections



Loose connectionsExtra bad in something sealed


Shields


Shields

Daughter-boards for Arduino


Shields

Daughter-boards for ArduinoRe-arrange pins


Shields

Daughter-boards for ArduinoRe-arrange pinsProvide extra function


Shields

Daughter-boards for ArduinoRe-arrange pinsProvide extra functionProvide mechanical protection if a computer is crammed inside a ball


Let’s have a play

http://10.12.5.15:9080/sphere

http://10.12.5.15:9080/sphere


But is it really IoT?


But is it really IoT?Definitely embedded.


But is it really IoT?Definitely embedded.Very very embedded.



One thing.



One thing. Network, but not internet.



One thing. Network, but not internet.No machine-to-machine.


M2MMQTT!Lightweight messaging protocol!OASIS standard!Widely supported!Widely used


Revised architecture


Revised architectureSame source


!

Demo-time (again)

sphere.mybluemix.net/ www.wasdev.net


Bluemix and IoT foundation // parse VCAP_SERVICES String VCAP_SERVICES = System.getenv("VCAP_SERVICES");! JSONObject vcap = new JSONObject(VCAP_SERVICES); JSONArray json = vcap.getJSONArray("iotf-service"); JSONObject credentials = json.getJSONObject(0).getJSONObject( "credentials"); String host = (String) credentials.get("mqtt_host"); Integer port = (Integer) credentials.get("mqtt_u_port"); …! MqttClient client = new MqttClient(uri, id); MqttConnectOptions opts = new MqttConnectOptions(); opts.setUserName(username); opts.setPassword(password.toCharArray()); client.connect(opts); client.setCallback(this); client.subscribe("iot-2/type/+/id/+/evt/+/fmt/+");


www.wasdev.net

!

Any questions? !

www.wasdev.net @holly_cummins

Come see the Liberty car on the IBM stand today and tomorrow …

Arduinos, application servers, and me: Adventures in and out of the cloud

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Transcript of Arduinos, application servers, and me: Adventures in and out of the cloud