The American The American RevolutionRevolution

Revolution Revolution – complete overthrow – complete overthrow of an established governmentof an established government

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DnZ_ZY3lgA

Independence not as popular as you think!!

Opposing SidesOpposing SidesPatriotsPatriots : opposed British rule : opposed British rule

Goal: remove taxes, rule Goal: remove taxes, rule themselvesthemselves

+ many owned their own rifles and + many owned their own rifles and were good shotswere good shots

+ good commander (GW)+ good commander (GW)+ fight hard to defend their + fight hard to defend their

homelandhomeland- Poorly trained Poorly trained - Few cannons, little gunpowder, Few cannons, little gunpowder,

no navyno navy

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLRAuZnaXF4&feature=fvsr

http://http://www.youtube.com/watch?vwww.youtube.com/watch?v=coK_9ZVeufI=coK_9ZVeufI

Loyalists (Tories) :Loyalists (Tories) :

remained loyal to Britainremained loyal to Britain

• 30% of population30% of population• Mostly from NY and Southern Mostly from NY and Southern

ColoniesColonies• Major cities had many ToriesMajor cities had many Tories

- faced tough times- faced tough times*tar and feathered*tar and feathered* most fled to England * most fled to England

or Canadaor Canada

Loyalist30%

Patriot45%

Neutral25%

How the colonist split!

Just by looking at this chart, who do you think would win?

What does it mean to be “Neutral”?

The Greatest Army in the WorldThe Greatest Army in the WorldBritishBritish

Goal:Goal: maintain control over maintain control over the coloniesthe colonies

+ trained army+ trained army+ best navy in the world+ best navy in the world+ many colonists still + many colonists still

supported Britainsupported Britain- Home country is miles Home country is miles

away- news and supplies away- news and supplies move slowlymove slowly

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a0ZhsDKoix8

Where did most of the colonist live at the start of the Revolution?

Native and African AmericansNative and African Americans Native Americans splitNative Americans split

• Iroquois fight with BritishIroquois fight with British Slaves were promised freedom for fighting Slaves were promised freedom for fighting

on the British Side on the British Side • This offer leads many African Americans to This offer leads many African Americans to

fight with Britishfight with British• Northern Patriots were also concerned about Northern Patriots were also concerned about

giving guns to African Americans- they might giving guns to African Americans- they might rise against themrise against them

• Southern Patriots feared losing their slavesSouthern Patriots feared losing their slaves• About 5,000 slaves enlist in Continental ArmyAbout 5,000 slaves enlist in Continental Army

Why do you think slaves would side with the Patriots?Why do you think slaves would side with the Patriots?

Native American Tribes during American Revolution Worksheet

Ticonderoga, VermontTiconderoga, VermontMay 10, 1775May 10, 1775

Ethan AllenEthan Allen leads leads Green Mountain BoysGreen Mountain Boys

Surprise attack by 400 Surprise attack by 400 Colonists takes fort!Colonists takes fort!

• Goal:Goal: take weapons and take weapons and cannons from the cannons from the British fortBritish fort

• Outcome:Outcome: goal goal achieved-achieved- won a won a supply of cannons and supply of cannons and gunpowder for colonial gunpowder for colonial armies!armies!

http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=ethan+allen+and+the+green+mountain+boys&view=detail&mid=EFB8B5B1539C2A607CB8EFB8B5B1539C2A607CB8&first=0&FORM=LKVR1&adlt=strict

Fort Ticonderoga TodayFort Ticonderoga Today

Second Continental CongressSecond Continental CongressJune 1775June 1775

Set up Continental Army Set up Continental Army George Washington as George Washington as

commander-in-chiefcommander-in-chief• Last Chance…Last Chance…

Olive Branch PetitionOlive Branch Petition:: asked King to asked King to repeal repeal (take (take away) the Intolerable Acts.away) the Intolerable Acts.

If repealed, colonists would If repealed, colonists would pledge loyalty to the kingpledge loyalty to the king

Outcome: King rejected itOutcome: King rejected it2nd Continental Congress Worksheet

Washington’s TroublesWashington’s Troubles Soldiers enlist for only a Soldiers enlist for only a one one

year termyear term• Soldiers go home when their Soldiers go home when their

time is uptime is up Restricted to recruiting only Restricted to recruiting only

Patriots-no Indians (at first)Patriots-no Indians (at first) Washington never had more Washington never had more

than 17,000 men under his than 17,000 men under his commandcommand

Congress has little money Congress has little money with which to support armywith which to support army

Soldiers in need of food, Soldiers in need of food, clothing, shoes, guns, clothing, shoes, guns, ammunitionammunition

Portrait of George Washington (1799)/ George Washington Commander in Chief.pdf

Battle of Bunker Hill, MABattle of Bunker Hill, MAJune 16, 1775June 16, 1775

Colonel William Prescott ledColonel William Prescott led 1200 1200 MinutemenMinutemen to Bunker Hill (wanted to to Bunker Hill (wanted to fire British ships)fire British ships)• Went to Breed’s Hill instead (better Went to Breed’s Hill instead (better

position)position)• Patriots had limited ‘bullets’- Patriots had limited ‘bullets’-

Probably had 5 shots eachProbably had 5 shots each

British General William Howe saw the British General William Howe saw the AmericansAmericans• 2400 redcoats2400 redcoats went across went across

harbor to attackharbor to attack

Took Took 3 attempts3 attempts, but British finally , but British finally took Bunker and Breed’s hill (1000 took Bunker and Breed’s hill (1000 redcoats dead or wounded)redcoats dead or wounded)

Americans lost 400, lost battle, but Americans lost 400, lost battle, but showed they could fight bravelyshowed they could fight bravely

Liberty`sLiberty`s Kids: #09 "Bunker Kids: #09 "Bunker Hill" (1/2) - Hill" (1/2) - YouTubeYouTube

Don’t shoot until you see Don’t shoot until you see the whites of their eyes!” the whites of their eyes!”

--William --William Prescott, Prescott, 17751775

Bunker Hill and Boston

http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=william+prescott+bunker+hill&view=detail&mid=2CCCE22DBFA5EBE121782CCCE22DBFA5EBE12178&first=0&FORM=LKVR7&adlt=strict

Bunker Hill Memorial – Charleston, Massachusetts

Bunker hill was on a peninsula

Reading Comprehension Worksheet

Project- Battles Worksheet

Declaring IndependenceDeclaring Independence Common SenseCommon Sense

• Written by Thomas Written by Thomas Paine, January 1776Paine, January 1776

Pamphlet urging colonists Pamphlet urging colonists to declare their to declare their independence from independence from BritainBritain

• Over 100,000 copies soldOver 100,000 copies soldhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezU8UhZ2RSo

Common Sense Worksheet

Declaration of IndependenceDeclaration of Independence

Declaration of IndependenceDeclaration of Independence• Written by Thomas JeffersonWritten by Thomas Jefferson• Ratified (Passed) on July 4, Ratified (Passed) on July 4,

17761776• Started with preamble Started with preamble

(introduction(introduction)) 3 parts3 parts

• Natural rights (rights that Natural rights (rights that belong to all people from belong to all people from birth)birth)

• Wrongs done by the kingWrongs done by the king• Independence declaredIndependence declared

We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness --

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=4EE37EE8-7CB6-49BF-88A7-4BE3790610F9&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

Rough Draft Of Declaration of Independence http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nrvpZxMfKaU

Original Declaration at National Archives, Washington DC

Declaration Of Independence Worksheet

Political Cartoon WS

Fighting SpreadsFighting Spreads British ships move into British ships move into

New York (General Howe, New York (General Howe, 34,000 redcoats, 10,000 34,000 redcoats, 10,000 sailors)sailors)

GW is expecting the GW is expecting the British, but he is British, but he is unpreparedunprepared• Only 20,000 poorly trained Only 20,000 poorly trained

troops, no navytroops, no navy• Outcome: 1,400 Outcome: 1,400

Americans killed, Americans killed, captured, or wounded, captured, or wounded, the rest would retreatthe rest would retreat

Nathan HaleNathan Hale (American spy) (American spy) captured by Britishcaptured by British

The Riflemen Report WS

Battle of Long IslandBattle of Long Island August 27, 1776August 27, 1776 General Howe (British) vs General Howe (British) vs

General WashingtonGeneral Washington Battles were in Battles were in

Brooklyn/Manhattan (Yes, Brooklyn/Manhattan (Yes, Brooklyn is part of Long Brooklyn is part of Long Island!)Island!)

GW must retreat, New York GW must retreat, New York and its harbor is captured and its harbor is captured by the Britishby the British

Bad defeat for AmericansBad defeat for Americans

The Battle for Long Island - YouTube

British in Red, Continental in BlueContinental Army badly outnumbered.

Battle of LI.pdf

More SupportMore Support

The CrisisThe Crisis• Written by Thomas Written by Thomas

PainePaine Pamphlet written to Pamphlet written to

urge colonists to urge colonists to support Continental support Continental ArmyArmy

Read aloud to troops Read aloud to troops to raise their spiritsto raise their spirits

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mYQrUx0TCos

Battle of Trenton, New JerseyBattle of Trenton, New JerseyDec. 25, 1776Dec. 25, 1776

GW crosses the Delaware GW crosses the Delaware River.River.

Dec. 25, 1776 Dec. 25, 1776 Surprises Hessians (German Surprises Hessians (German

troops that England hired)troops that England hired) Battle Dec. 26- American Battle Dec. 26- American

VictoryVictory British General Charles British General Charles

Cornwallis set to retake Cornwallis set to retake Trenton, but was fooledTrenton, but was fooled

Americans attacked Americans attacked PrincetownPrincetown

H:\1 JFK\7th Grade Social Studies\Unit 7 Revolutionary War\Washington Christmas Attack.pdf

Washington Crossing the Delaware RiverWashington Crossing the Delaware RiverPainted by Emanuel Leutze, 1851Painted by Emanuel Leutze, 1851

Crossing the Delaware Comp

Battle of Saratoga, NYBattle of Saratoga, NY17771777

British were discouraged so they British were discouraged so they created new plancreated new plan• Plan was to Attack Americans Plan was to Attack Americans

from 3 directions- some problemsfrom 3 directions- some problems From NYC- British wanted to From NYC- British wanted to

capture Philadelphia first, capture Philadelphia first, then defeat Americans in then defeat Americans in Brandywine and Brandywine and Germantown, so they stayed Germantown, so they stayed in Philadelphia for winterin Philadelphia for winter

From Canada- St. Leger’s From Canada- St. Leger’s army drove back when met army drove back when met American armyAmerican army

Burgoyne was left – at first Burgoyne was left – at first successful, retook Ft. successful, retook Ft. Ticonderoga, butTiconderoga, but then he then he became trapped and became trapped and surrenderedsurrendered

Saratoga the Turning Point WS

TURNING POINT OF THE WAR!TURNING POINT OF THE WAR!

The Battle of Saratoga was an The Battle of Saratoga was an American victory and was American victory and was the the turning point in the turning point in the warwar because: because:

boosted spirits of the boosted spirits of the troopstroops

France becomes 1France becomes 1stst official allyofficial ally

Later, Spain and the Later, Spain and the Netherlands become alliesNetherlands become allies

General Burgoyne surrenders

Help from EuropeHelp from Europe Marquis de LafayetteMarquis de Lafayette: helped train troops: helped train troops Frederich von SteubenFrederich von Steuben: taught troops to : taught troops to

march and drillmarch and drill Thaddeus KosciuskoThaddeus Kosciusko: helped build forts: helped build forts Casimir PulaskiCasimir Pulaski: trained cavalry (troops on : trained cavalry (troops on

horseback)horseback) Bernardo de GalvezBernardo de Galvez: supplies medicine, : supplies medicine,

cloth, cloth, muskets, gunpowder. Helps capture muskets, gunpowder. Helps capture British forts in the SouthBritish forts in the South

Famous People Powerpoint

Winter at Valley Forge, PA Winter at Valley Forge, PA 1777-17781777-1778

Winter headquartersWinter headquarters Low on food, blankets, Low on food, blankets,

warm clothing, shoeswarm clothing, shoes Many troops became ill Many troops became ill

and 1/4 died. (25 out of and 1/4 died. (25 out of every 100 men)every 100 men)

Soldiers trained Soldiers trained (Next (Next Slide-- Baron Von Slide-- Baron Von Steuben)Steuben) and become and become disciplined and organizeddisciplined and organized

Women collect and send Women collect and send suppliessupplies

Valley Forge Reading

Frederick von SteubenFrederick von Steuben Officer in Prussian ArmyOfficer in Prussian Army Considered best Considered best

commander in Europecommander in Europe Trained GW’s troops at Trained GW’s troops at

Valley Forge –taught Valley Forge –taught them how to be soldiers them how to be soldiers – to march, drill and – to march, drill and shoot!shoot!

Wrote training manual for Wrote training manual for army (still used today!)army (still used today!)

Von Steuben Training Guide

Valley Forge Project- SMARTBOARD

Fighting in the South-- 1780Fighting in the South-- 1780 Francis Marion: “Francis Marion: “The Swamp FoxThe Swamp Fox””

• Led “guerilla” war in the Carolinas (hit Led “guerilla” war in the Carolinas (hit and run)and run)

Frustrated the BritishFrustrated the British Ambushed supply linesAmbushed supply lines Kept Cornwalis busy so Kept Cornwalis busy so he couldn’t come northhe couldn’t come north Movie “The Patriot”Movie “The Patriot”

Francis Marion Short Biography - YouTube

The Patriot Highlight of “The Swamp Fox”http://youtu.be/FH6dUmF4AA0?

The War at Sea!The War at Sea! John Paul JohnsJohn Paul Johns Famous Quote: Famous Quote: “I “I

have not yet begun have not yet begun to fight!”to fight!”

Ship was named Ship was named the the Bohomme Bohomme RichardRichard

Considered the Considered the founder of the founder of the United States NavyUnited States Navy

http://youtu.be/SHE_XHigysI

Battle of Yorktown, VABattle of Yorktown, VAOctober 19, 1781October 19, 1781

CornwallisCornwallis wanted to conquer wanted to conquer VAVA

Needed to supplies and Needed to supplies and thought the British ships could thought the British ships could reach himreach him

Washington marched his Washington marched his troops to the area the British troops to the area the British was in was in

French fleet blocks the French fleet blocks the Chesapeake Bay (British can’t Chesapeake Bay (British can’t get their supplies)get their supplies)

Cornwallis surrendersCornwallis surrenders

http://youtu.be/7Ei9MxgmJUsSurrender at Yorktown ClipBONUS:

Mrs. Muller’s Birthday is Oct. 19th

Cornwallis’ Surrender at YorktownCornwallis’ Surrender at Yorktown

Treaty of Paris, 1783Treaty of Paris, 1783 Benjamin Franklin, Benjamin Franklin,

John Adams and John John Adams and John Jay sent to negotiateJay sent to negotiate

United States United States Independence grantedIndependence granted

USA: land to Mississippi USA: land to Mississippi River, North to Canada, River, North to Canada, and South to Floridaand South to Florida

Ratified (approved) Ratified (approved) April 15, 1783April 15, 1783

Results of the Revolution Reading

What factors helped the Patriots What factors helped the Patriots win?win?

GeographyGeography• British had difficulty to send soldiers and British had difficulty to send soldiers and

supplies so far awaysupplies so far away• Americans knew their land, best routes and the Americans knew their land, best routes and the

best places to fight (GUERILLA WARFARE)best places to fight (GUERILLA WARFARE) AlliesAllies

• SpainSpain• FrenchFrench

Patriotic SpiritPatriotic Spirit Washington’s leadershipWashington’s leadership Patriots united for a common causePatriots united for a common cause

Advantages    Disadvantages

Possibility of foreign aid from France

Legitimacy in the world community

Captured soldiers treated as POWs not spies or rebels

Independence might unite different areas of the colonies

Stating for the world the ideological basis of this new country

Freedom from subservience to the King

  

Might lose friends in England who supported cause of colonists in regard to representation in Parliament but not independence

Might cause division within the colonies If Revolution failed, the and leaders might be tried and executed as traitors.

Colonies were poorlyprepared for warFighting the largest military power in the worldNo weapons normanufacturing to make them

Dependent on England for elements needed to fight a war.Chances of winning the warwere slim.Colonists would be cutting themselves off from the biggest, freest empire in theworld.Sentimental attachment to homeland.

Was Independence a Good or Bad Thing? Depends on who you ask!

Flying High for Freedom WS

This is the national seal of the United States of America. On July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress put together acommittee to make an official seal of the United States. Benjamin Franklin, John Adams and Thomas Jeffersonwere on the committee.NEXT UNIT: A NEW GOVERNMENT IS BORN!

The Great Seal: Our National Emblem

http://youtu.be/6uLUYCWeoWk

FRONT BACK

A changed world! A New Nation!A changed world! A New Nation!Famous Revolutionary War Hero Biography Report