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Geoscience Bulletin Board – 4 November 2019 – compiled by Elaine J. Hanford

Volcano Listening Project https://phys.org/news/2019-10-volcanologist-earth-drummer.html Sonification of Kilauea: http://www.volcanolisteningproject.org/page/page-4/

Mantle degassing along strike-slip faults in southeastern Korea Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51719-3

Istanbul, Turkey, could experience up to a M8.5 earthquake on North Anatolian Fault https://www.duvarenglish.com/domestic/2019/10/28/japanese-expert-says-turkeys-fault-line-

could-cause-an-8-5-magnitude-quake/

Aragonite-skeleton cold-water corals on Namibian shelf extinct due to low oxygen content https://www.brightsurf.com/news/article/102819495491/extinction-of-cold-water-corals-on-

the-namibian-shelf-due-to-low-oxygen-contents.html

Iridium & platinum anomaly in South Carolina associated with extinction and onset of Younger Dryas event 12,800 years ago – similar platinum anomaly in South Africa

https://nypost.com/2019/10/28/asteroid-wiped-out-giant-sloths-woolly-mammoths-12800- years-ago/

Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51552-8 https://phys.org/news/2019-10-hypothesis-asteroid-contributed-mass-extinction.html

End Triassic extinction event – several factors in play not just large-scale volcanism https://www.brightsurf.com/news/article/102819495446/mutated-ferns-shed-light-on-ancient-

mass-extinction.html

Assessing plate tectonics in 3-D – seismic tomography & databases like Slab2 – 3-D flow dynamics https://eos.org/articles/a-new-dimension-to-plate-tectonics

AGILE Act could speed up research & development of geothermal systems in the US http://www.hydrogenfuelnews.com/new-bill-could-speed-up-development-of-geothermal-

systems-in-the-us/8538758/

Risk of M8.0 EQ on Garlock fault are 5 times higher https://www.theepochtimes.com/risk-of-earthquake-on-major-california-fault-5-times-higher-

than-normal_3127869.html

Origin of the ‘Bastnäs-type’ REE deposits in Sweden deciphered – guide to exploration https://www.mining.com/scientists-decipher-the-origin-of-ree-deposits-to-guide-exploration/

Volcanoes recycle rocks and are key to prospecting for rare earth elements http://theconversation.com/how-volcanoes-recycle-the-earths-crust-to-uncover-rare-metals-

that-are-vital-to-green-technology-125159

Planetary geology: what is that strange “gloopy” stuff on the dark side of the Moon? https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/this-is-what-that-gloop-on-the-moon-really-is

Source of oxidation of explosive volcanic arc rocks in Greece - fingerprint fluid source https://phys.org/news/2019-10-team-source-unique-chemical-composition.html

Understanding dynamic topography https://phys.org/news/2019-10-deep-earth-interior-isnt-skin.html

3-D models of Cascadia megathrust events of M9.0 and M9.2 match coastal changes from 1700 EQ https://phys.org/news/2019-10-d-cascadia-megathrust-events-coastal.html

Growth of gypsum crystals inside geode of Pulpí was slow & steady since 2 mya https://eos.org/articles/giant-geode-grew-slow-and-steady

Surface Water & Ocean Tomography (SWOT) mission to measure elevation, slopes, inundations of rivers as narrow as 150 feet

https://eos.org/editor-highlights/future-remote-sensing-mission-holds-promise-for-flood- monitoring

Perspective: improved software needed to integrate legacy data with current & future information https://eos.org/opinions/improving-reproducibility-in-earth-science-research

Longitude as well as warm waters may be key predictors of coral bleaching events https://eos.org/articles/a-key-to-coral-bleaching-events-location-location-location

Trove of fossils of small mammal species in Colorado that survived the Chicxulub Meteor event date http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/

Colorado_site_shows_how_mammals_thrived_after_dinosaurs_were_wiped_out_999.html Paper: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2019/10/23/science.aay2268

Planetary geology: analyzing structure of giant Martian landslide in Valles Marineris region http://www.sci-news.com/space/giant-martian-landslide-07737.html Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12734-0

Largest open-access database of sediment community oxygen consumption & CO2 respiration – ocean role in global carbon cycle

http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/ Largest_mapping_of_breathing_ocean_floor_key_to_understanding_global_carbon_cycle_999.html

Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-019-0259-3

Insect evolution during the Eocene – Baltic amber forest https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191025110322.htm

10,000 years of volcanic eruptions viewed in less than two minutes – dynamic map http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/rockyplanet/2019/10/30/ten-thousand-years-of-eruptions-

in-less-than-two-minutes/ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TWqS87SQRy4&feature=youtu.be

St. Paul’s Hospital in Vancouver, Canada, built on fill – must cope with flooding & seismic liquefaction

https://dailyhive.com/vancouver/st-pauls-hospital-false-creek-flats-flooding-earthquake- liquefaction

https://www.facilitiesnet.com/emergencypreparedness/tip/New-Hospital-Must-Deal-With- Flooding-Seismic-Liquefaction-Risks--45026

Core from Camp Century reveals record of past temperatures in Greenland https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/10/ancient-soil-secret-greenland-base-suggests-

earth-could-lose-lot-ice

TONGA Project studying impact of shallow submarine volcanoes on marine life https://phys.org/news/2019-10-impact-submarine-volcanoes-biological-ocean.html

Paleomagnetism being used to determine chain of events that created Himalayan mountains https://phys.org/news/2019-10-geologists-paleomagnetism-chain-events-resulted.html

November 1 marks the beginning of Ice Cave season in Iceland – slide show https://www.travelpulse.com/gallery/destinations/ice-cave-season-is-here-and-its-a-uniquely-

beautiful-experience-every-time.html

Seismic history of the Lower Hudson Valley https://www.lohud.com/story/news/2018/02/07/history-earthquakes-lower-hudson-valley/

314471002/

Appreciation for foraminifera – kaleidoscopic shell-building ability https://www.whoi.edu/news-insights/content/falling-in-love-with-foraminifera/

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Environmental Science Bulletin Board – 4 November 2019 – compiled by Elaine J. Hanford

100s of koalas feared dead in wildfires that have razed prime habitat along east coast of Australia – may be “functionally extinct” species

https://news.yahoo.com/conservationists-fear-hundreds-koalas-died-083347925.html https://thenewdaily.com.au/news/state/nsw/2019/10/30/koalas-port-macquarie-bushfire/ https://www.cbsnews.com/news/koalas-species-functionally-extinct-in-most-of-australia-

foundation-says/

“They all claim to know what is best for you” – plant-based ‘meat’ is truly a processed food – high sodium, GMO heme iron, coconut oil = saturated fats, less complete protein

https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/burger-wars-heat-up-as-plantbased-meat-faces-backlash- 205654350.html

https://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2018/jan/22/the-plant-based-burger-scam/ https://www.shape.com/healthy-eating/diet-tips/plant-based-burgers-nutrition https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2019/10/25/burger-kings-impossible-burger-

veggie-whopper-healthy/4070993002/

Washoe County, Nevada, parks are designated smoke & vape-free https://www.washoecounty.us/bcc/newsletter/october-2019/smoke-vape-free-parks.php

Are “smart cities” really smart? Are they sustainable? Has all that data solved or created problems?

https://www.autodesk.com/redshift/what-is-a-smart-city/

In Brazil and elsewhere, stray dogs are posing serious threat to wildlife – “most destructive mammal”

https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/the-dog-is-one-of-the-worlds-most- destructive-mammals-brazil-proves-it/2019/08/19/c37a1250-a8da-11e9-8733-48c87235f396_story.html

CRS In Focus: WOTUS: Repealing & Revising the 2015 Clean Water Rule https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/IF/IF11339

Cases of tuberculosis on the increase in Argentina – “white death” https://currently.att.yahoo.com/news/photos-white-death-in-argentina-the-hunger-of-poverty-

feeds-tuberculosis-175332973.html

Britain may use “citizen army” to identifying and destroying invasive species https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/10/24/citizen-army-required-spot-destroy-invasive-

species-mps-report/ Report summary:

https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201920/cmselect/cmenvaud/88/8803.htm Report: https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201920/cmselect/cmenvaud/88/88.pdf

Adapting to change in environment more difficult for some species than others – butterfly phenology https://www.yahoo.com/news/climate-change-forcing-butterflies-moths-150551329.html Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12479-w

Pompeii completed restorations but now trying to cope with over-tourism https://pictorial.jezebel.com/as-if-the-volcano-wasnt-bad-enough-now-pompeii-faces-t-

1839355144

Uluru (aka Ayers Rock) has been considered sacred for more than 10,000 years https://www.mnn.com/earth-matters/wilderness-resources/stories/things-to-know-about-

Australias-uluru

Geochemical evidence for control of fire by Middle Paleolithic Hominins – PAH compounds Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51433-0

The origins of Halloween – Celtic Samhain recrafted as Christian celebration of saints & souls https://www.bostonirish.com/travel/2019/spirt-celts’-samhain-thrives-today-halloween

Florida looking for a few good python hunters familiar with the Everglades https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/florida-needs-python-hunters-a-man-in-iran-is-one-of-

thousands-applying-for-the-job/ar-AAJg2Cq

Not a black panther but a black serval https://www.msn.com/en-us/lifestyle/lifestyle-buzz/photographer-crosses-paths-with-a-black-

cat-unlike-any-hes-seen-before/ar-AAJmWCa

Vancouver, British Columbia, is starting next phase of seismic & structural upgrades on Granville Bridge

https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/next-phase-of-seismic-and-structural- upgrades-to-granville-bridge-begin-today-1.5337002

After obliterating nature, cities now want to bring it back to urban cores – “rewilding” and biophilia https://www.autodesk.com/redshift/urban-nature/

Technological hazard – country of Georgia his by massive cyber-attack https://oc-media.org/georgia-hit-by-massive-cyber-attack/

More than 640M acres of land under federal government ownership & protection https://www.msn.com/en-us/money/realestate/how-much-land-the-government-owns-in-

every-state-and-what-its-used-for/ss-AAJu4kl Data Report: https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R42346.pdf

Protected areas are not sufficient to reduce human encroachment – Human Development Index https://phys.org/news/2019-10-extent-human-encroachment-world-areas.html

Reduce your environmental impact – eat nutritious foods https://phys.org/news/2019-10-nutritious-foods-environmental-impact-unhealthy.html Paper: https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/10/22/1906908116

Lab tech accidentally injects smallpox related virus into finger https://www.livescience.com/vaccinia-virus-infection-fingertip.html

US BLM approves creation of Alkali Creek Reservoir & expansion of Leavitt Reservoir in Wyoming https://billingsgazette.com/outdoors/wyoming-could-get-new-reservoirs/article_bf7cc055-

bb7d-5dc5-aa39-2874fd28caea.html

Groundbreaking for embankments & canals to complete Caloosahatchee Reservoir in Florida to complete Everglades restoration project

http://www.sunshinestatenews.com/story/desantis-breaks-ground-embankments-canals- complete-caloosahatchee-storage-reservoir

Humans continuing to work to save mountain gorillas from extinction https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/how-do-you-save-endangered-gorillas-with-lots-of-

human-help/ar-AAJv3be

Cape Town Agreement on fishing vessel safety intended to reduce risks https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2019/10/28/flagship-treaty-will-

improve-safety-at-sea-in-notoriously-dangerous-fishing-industry https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/issue-briefs/2018/10/the-cape-town-

agreement-explained

5th case of pertussis (whooping cough) diagnosed at Bishop Manogue High School in Reno, Nevada https://www.washoecounty.us/outreach/2019/10/2019-10-29-pertussis-five-confirmed.php

Worth repeating: improved understanding of risks & more effective mitigation strategies result from inter-disciplinary approach

https://eos.org/editors-vox/societys-high-stakes-game-of-chance-against-nature

Genetically modified mosquitoes to fight malaria – is anyone asking about collateral damage? https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2019/10/20/771091320/video-see-a-

controversial-swarm-of-genetically-modified-mosquitoes-in-a-lab-in-i

Most US dairy cows descended from just 2 bulls – need diversity & landrace species for herd health

https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/10/17/770696476/most-u-s-dairy-cows-are- descended-from-just-2-bulls-thats-not-good

Birth control pills, since 1960, contribute significant amounts of hormones to wastewater & drinking water supplies – hormone mimicking chemicals affect human health and other species

https://www.ehn.org/troubled-water-estrogen-and-its-doppelgangers-2641102160.html

White-nose syndrome – fatal fungal disease – is threat to bat species https://www.usgs.gov/news/trick-or-treat-frightening-threats-bats-0

Shamal winds and prolonged cold winter seasons led to collapse of Akkadian Empire http://www.sci-news.com/archaeology/cold-winters-strong-winds-akkadian-empire-collapse-

07734.html

Deforestation for human agriculture & settlement led to increased soil erosion about 4,000 years ago

http://www.terradaily.com/reports/ Deforestation_human_activities_accelerated_soil_erosion_4000_years_ago_999.html

Paper: https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2019/10/22/1908179116

Perspective: it’s time to ban filters on cigarettes – plastic pollution https://www.bmj.com/content/367/bmj.l5890

Is Halloween sadism a true urban legend or fake news? https://arstechnica.com/science/2019/10/forget-poisoned-candy-and-razor-blades-heres-the-

real-halloween-horror/

South Africa imposes water restrictions as “Day Zero” looms – déjà vu all over again – need to learn from history

http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/ South_Africa_imposes_water_restrictions_as_Day_zero_looms_999.html

Mass tourism impacts – do the “good” impacts outweigh the bad? http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/

Travel_boom_has_not_made_world_smaller_says_writer_Pico_Iyer_999.html

“Carbon capture” only reduces small fraction of emissions & usually increases air pollution http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/

Stanford_study_casts_doubt_on_carbon_capture_999.html

New method for removing C02 from stream of gas – a new “carbon capture” method https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191025170815.htm

Mountain streams play significant role in global carbon fluxes http://www.terradaily.com/reports/

Mountain_streams_emit_surprisingly_large_amounts_of_CO2_999.html

2M Zambians face food insecurity in regional drought

http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/ Two_million_Zambians_face_food_insecurity_in_regional_drought_999.html

Dogs are indeed man’s best friend – dog ownership associated with reduced risk of early death https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191008083121.htm

Pros & cons of using sugarcane straw for bioenergy https://phys.org/news/2019-10-sugarcane-straw-bioenergy-opportunity-pros.html

Air quality during & following wildfires https://phys.org/news/2019-10-air-quality-wildfires.html

Perceptions of health risks of indoor air quality versus research data https://phys.org/news/2019-10-people-indoor-air-health-greater.html https://thl.fi/en/web/thlfi-en/-/thl-surveyed-finns-risk-beliefs-on-indoor-air-people-consider-

health-risks-greater-than-what-is-suggested-by-research-data

“Wizard rock” and other boulders stolen from Prescott National Park in Arizona https://www.azcentral.com/story/travel/arizona/road-trips/2019/10/28/prescott-landmark-

wizard-rock-boulder-missing/2492032001/

Clean energy law in Washington DC requires buildings to become more efficient – is it practical? https://ggwash.org/view/74330/washington-dc-buildings-are-supposed-to-adapt-to-new-

energy-regulations

Phage therapy may work in fight against antibiotic-resistant superbugs https://www.naturalnews.com/2019-10-24-bacteria-eating-viruses-can-fight-superbugs.html https://www.haaretz.com/science-and-health/.premium-how-we-created-superbugs-by-

provoking-primordial-superpowers-in-bacteria-1.8054611

Perspective: California is becoming unlivable – housing crisis & wildfire risks in wildlife-urban interface

https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2019/10/can-california-save-itself/601135/

CRS Report: Dam Safety Overview and the Federal Role https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R45981

Is 100-foot long collapse of street in Pittsburgh a result of geology or of human constructs? https://triblive.com/local/pittsburgh-allegheny/streets-reopened-near-site-of-downtown-

sinkhole-that-swallowed-bus/

Polystyrene plastic appears to degrade more quickly when exposed to sunlight https://www.capecod.com/newscenter/whoi-study-says-sunlight-degrades-polystyrene-faster-

than-expected/ Paper: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00532

Missouri River flooding enhanced by saturated ground and broken levees could last all winter https://apnews.com/4495e896075044fc82264bfccb0bc09f

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Coastal Zone Management Bulletin Board – 4 November 2019 – compiled by Elaine J. Hanford

10% of world population at risk of coastal flooding & storm surge impacts in low-lying urban centers https://phys.org/news/2019-10-seas-threaten-low-lying-coastal-cities.html

Thousands of barrels of oil polluting coastline in Brazil – deploy troops to respond - forensics https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/the_americas/hundreds-of-tons-of-oil-are-

contaminating-brazils-pristine-coastline-authorities-dont-know-where-its-coming-from/2019/10/22/b64eddd6-f4d4-11e9-b2d2-1f37c9d82dbb_story.html

https://www.yahoo.com/news/brazil-deploys-5-000-troops-193411478.html https://eos.org/articles/brazils-oil-spill-is-a-mystery-so-scientists-try-oil-forensics

US Coast Guard searching Galveston Bay for man who went overboard from Carnival cruise ship https://www.yahoo.com/gma/coast-guard-searching-man-went-overboard-carnival-cruise-

061603765--abc-news-topstories.html

US Army COE considering new contract package to deepen multiple ports in same region – what a clever concept to think about doing things in a cost-effective manner!

https://www.enr.com/articles/48011-corps-looking-into-multi-port-dredging-concept

What living by the coast does to your body & brain – “vitamin sea” https://www.nbcnews.com/better/health/what-beach-does-your-brain-ncna787231 https://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/42405/20191028/soil-erosion-major-problem-

causes-worlds-vitamin-sea-deficiency.htm

Impacts of King Tides in south Florida https://phys.org/news/2019-10-king-tides-glimpse-future-seas.html

House passes full utilization of HMTF Act (HR2440) for harbor maintenance https://www.marinelog.com/news/house-super-majority-passes-full-utilization-of-hmtf-act/

Pew Foundation hosted workshops for protecting & restoring critical ecosystems – mangroves seagrass & salt marsh are most biodiverse

https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2019/10/29/coastal-wetlands- can-help-countries-fight-climate-change-and-meet-paris-agreement-goals

Blue Carbon Initiative: https://www.thebluecarboninitiative.org/

Coastal Commission staff recommended denial of permit for California American proposed desalination plant near Marina in Monterey County after PUC gave approval

https://www.montereycountyweekly.com/blogs/news_blog/coastal-commission-staff- recommends-denial-of-permit-for-cal-am/article_c95f1260-f9e8-11e9-a5f3-03da1074441d.html

https://documents.coastal.ca.gov/reports/2019/11/Th8a_9a/Th8a_9a-11-2019%20staff %20report.pdf

US Coast Guard intercepts & seizes $375M worth of cocaine & marijuana https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/us/nearly-dollar400m-worth-of-cocaine-and-marijuana-

intercepted-by-us-coast-guard/ar-AAJwQnu

Studying data on large nearshore waves to improve design of coastal structures https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191029105621.htm

Mangroves reduce storm surge & flood damages during hurricanes https://phys.org/news/2019-10-mangroves-hurricanes-billions-dollars-property.html Paper:

https://www.nature.org/content/dam/tnc/nature/en/documents/Mangrove_Report_digital_FINAL.pdf

Perspective: Will giant sea gates off Long Island stop flooding from next “hurricane Sandy” event? Or billions of dollars needlessly spent for “sheer and willful madness”?

https://www.longislandpress.com/2019/10/27/will-giant-sea-gates-off-long-island-stop- flooding-from-the-next-sandy/

Radiation effects of 1950s atomic bomb testing in the “Pacific Proving Grounds” https://www.businessinsider.co.za/largest-nuclear-tests-us-history-marshall-islands-effects-

2019-10 Paper: https://www.pnas.org/content/116/31/15425 Health studies:

https://www.energy.gov/ehss/services/worker-health-and-safety/international-health-studies-and-activities

Conowingo Dam owner to invest $200M to clean up Susquehanna River and Chesapeake Bay https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/environment/bs-md-exelon-conowingo-20191029-

45g75k2osze7zg43yckpzohdnq-story.html