Arab-Israeli Conflict
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Transcript of Arab-Israeli Conflict
Arab-Israeli Conflict
United Nations Divides Palestine 1947 Separate Jewish and
Arab States Golan Heights, West
Bank and Gaza Strip: Arab Areas
May 1948: Israel proclaims independence
Immediately attacked by 5 Arab Nations Egypt, Syria, Lebanon Jordan and Iraq Poorly organized:
Israel survives Cease fire: Golan
Heights to Syria, Jordan: West Bank and Egypt: Gaza strip
Since 1948: Arab and Israelis: 3 more major wars Egypt takes control of Suez Canal: from
British and French owners: Israel attacks Egypt: gains canal but returns later
Arab guerillas launch small scale attacks into Israel and Israel raids Arab lands
1964: PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization) formed to defeat Israel and create independent state
1967: 6 day war Israel takes over
Golan, West Bank and Gaza Strip
Sinai also taken Palestinian refugees
increase in Lebanon and Jordan
PLO leader: Arafat
Terrorism Escalates Hijacked airplanes Munich Olympic
games: Palestinians kill Jewish athletes
1973: Egypt and Syria attack Israel: US helps Israel: Oil stopped by Arab countries
1978: Camp David Accords Sadat: Egypt, Begin:
Israel and Carter:US Egypt recognizes Israel Israel gives back Sinai
peninsula Discuss need for
Palestinian state Most Arab leader oppose Two years later Sadat
assasinated
Lebanon PLO launches attacks
on Israel Israel invades
Lebanon: remains until 2000
Refuge camps attacked by Christian militia
Israel condemned
1980: 10 year border dispute Iraq and Iran Shatt al Arab region: Shia’s in Iran
encouraging unrest by Shia’s in Iraq
IntifadaPalestinians revolt against Israel
military rule in West Bank and Gaza
Reversal for PLO Recognizes Israel’s
right to exist Ready to negotiate
with Israel for peace in return for the creation of an independent state
Will decrease the violence
1990s: Radical leaders called Taliban control AfghanistanLimit women’s rights and shelter
terrorists
1991: Persian Gulf War Iraq invades Kuwait for
oil Iraq launches Scud
missiles at Israel hoping to ignite a regional conflict
Coalition forces including Saudi Arabia join to defeat Saddam
Fires of Kuwait
Peace Negotiations: 1993 Rabin: Israel, and
Arafat: PLO Plan to give back land
to the Palestinians in PLO recognize Israel’s
right to exist Rabin is assassinated Violence
Wye River Agreement: 1998
Israelis troop withdrawals from Israeli held areas of West Bank and
Gaza Strip
Second Intifada Numerous attacks
through Israel, West Bank and Gaza: Israelis retaliate
Israel reoccupies most West Bank Cities and construct barriers in the West Bank
The West Bank: Political and Physical Geography
Fig. 6-16: Political control of the West Bank has been split between Palestinians and Israelis (though under overall Israeli control). The West Bank includes many of the higher altitude areas of the region.
Peace agreements: 2005 Remove Jewish settlements and Israeli
troops from the Gaza Strip An independent Palestinian state is
established. Hamas gains influence in Gaza Terrorist groups continue to upset the
region: Jewish settlers refuse to leave the West Bank
Israel: Stop the violence we will give you the land
Palestinians: Give us the land we will stop the violence