Aquatic Botany Angiosperms. Hydrophytes Plants growing in water or on a substrate that is at least...
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Transcript of Aquatic Botany Angiosperms. Hydrophytes Plants growing in water or on a substrate that is at least...
![Page 1: Aquatic Botany Angiosperms. Hydrophytes Plants growing in water or on a substrate that is at least periodically deficient in oxygen as a result of excessive.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/56649dc75503460f94abce7e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Aquatic Botany
Angiosperms
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Hydrophytes
Plants growing in water or on a substrate that is at least periodically
deficient in oxygen as a result of excessive water content.
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Categorizing Wetland Plants for Delineation Purposes
(p. 755 of Mitsch)
• Obligate Wetland (OBL)-occur almost always (>99%) in wetlands; E.g., Typha latifolia, Cattail
• Facultative Wetland (FACW)-occur usually (67-99%) in wetlands, but also occur in non-wetlands (1-33%); E.g., Onoclea sensibilis, Sensitive Fern
• Facultative (FAC)-similar likelihood of occurring in wetlands and non-wetlands (33-67%); E.g., Euthamia graminifolia, Grass-leaved Goldenrod
• Facultative Upland (FACU)-occur sometimes in wetlands (1-33%) but more often in non wetlands; E.g., Quercus rubra, Red Oak
• Obligate Upland (UPL)-occur rarely (<1%) in wetlands; e.g., Dennsteadtia punctilobula, Hay-scented Fern
(+/- may be appended)
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Categorizing Wetland Plants by Growth Form
• Emergent-with leaves that extend above the water surface; e.g., Northern Blue Flag, Iris versicolor
• Free-floating-float freely on the water surface; e.g., Duckweed, Lemna minor
• Floating-leaved-leaves float on water surface; e.g., Spatterdock, Nuphar variegata
• Submersed-most of leaves growing under water surface; e.g., Curly-leaf Pondweed, Potomogeton crispus
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Emergents
Blue Flag Iris Cattail, Typha sp.
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Emergents
• tolerate fluctuating water levels• may dampen shoreline wave erosion;
stabilize sediments with interlocking rootbed of rhizomes
• usually with protective waxy cuticle• leaves with aerenchymous tissue making
them buoyant, useful for waterfowl nests• may reproduce aerially (flowers) or
vegetatively by rhizomes
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Aerenchyma
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American Burreed, Sparganium americanum
Purple Loosestrife
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Floating-leaved Plants
Water Meal, Wolfia sp. Giant Duckweed, Spirodelia
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Floating-Leaved Plant Community
• cirucular/eliptical leaves with smooth margins resist tearing
• leathery; thick cuticle (waterproofing)• stomata on surface• aerenchyma• often long petioles; often covered with mucilage• may reproduce from flowers or by extensive
rhizomes• free-floating plants produce turions to overwinter
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Spatterdock
Fragrant White Water Lily, Nymphea
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Submersed Plant Community
• leaves flexible, often finely divided; provide structure for invertebrates
• no cuticle; often limp-the water provides support
• heterophylly is common
• stems photosynthesize
• some reproduce from seed, others by turion, rhizomes, or tuber
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Submersed Plants
Naiad, Najas sp.
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Elodea canadensis
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Pondweeds, Potomogeton sp.
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Carex
Bristly Sedge, C. comosa Tussock Sedge, Carex stricta
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Juncus
Soft Rush, Juncus effusus