Aquaculture slideshow
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Transcript of Aquaculture slideshow
Aquaculture
What we will cover
Theory Fresh Water Aquatic Habitats Aquatic Food Web Aquaculture Design Focus on Ponds
Practice Tyre Pond building after lunch
Rivers- Rain Fed
Head Waters-Upper Reaches Middle Reaches-Un spoilt Lowland Rivers
Spring-Fed Rivers Lake Fed Rivers Short Mountain Rivers Estuaries
Brackish Still Water
Dune SlackSaltpans
Brackish Lagoons and Pools
Upland Still Waters
Acid, Peat-Bog Pools Tarns
Glacial, Linear Valley Lakes
Lowland Still Waters
Meres Fens
Ponds
What determines The Plant and Animal Biota ?-
•Nutrient Content
•Depth and light penetration
•Acidity
What determines The Plant and Animal Biota ?-Nutrient Content
The level of nutrients in the water underpins the existence of all life, plant and animal
The nutrient content is affected by
The geology of the catchment. The topography of the catchment. Intensiveness of agriculture in the surrounding area Size of surrounding human population (sewage)
Nutrients
Nutrients and Light = Phytoplankton
Algae-Diatoms-CyanoBacteria
Oligotrophic Waters
Tarns
Glacial, Linear Valley Lakes
Eutrophic WatersMeres
Fens
Ponds
What determines The Plant and Animal Biota ?-Depth and light penetration
A high density of phytoplankton quickly absorbs the light and reduces the depth at which the light can penetrate to approx 2m ,below this point nothing can grow and animals cannot live.
What determines The Plant and Animal Biota ?- Acidity
Some species only live in PH 4-6 and some species only exist in slightly alkaline waters pH >7.
An Optimum Aquatic Habitat
A good supply of Nutrients supporting a high diversity of Plant and Animal life A balanced level of phytoplankton (PRIMARY PRODUCERS) so that light can penetrate
through the water A water body deep enough for plants to grow on the floor utilizing the filtered light
We can easily design this optimum Habitat.
Chinampas
Aquaponics
Ponds
Niche habitats for Aquatic plants
Emergents
Phragmites australis – Common Reed
Uses Edible shoots, roots Insulation Fast growing biomass Basketry Tolerant of Wind
Deep Marginal
Nymphaea alba-White Water Lilly
Uses Edible roots and seeds Medicinal Shade
Oxygenators
Myriophyllum sp.-Water-mifoil USES
Forage for Fish Providing oxygen Edible roots
Floaters
Lemna minor- Duckweed USES Forage for Fish Shade the water Edible –great for Chickens The dried plant repels mosquitoes Medicinal properties
Common Carp - Cyprinus carpio
Uses High Protein food Tolerance of a lack of oxygen Rapid growth Easy to feed
Info •Common carps feed on small plants and zooplankton, molluscs, detritus and dead plants. •The deep water is needed for winter hibernation •Logs and rocks with cavities for young fish to shelter
Toads and Frogs
Uses Frogs and Toads will keep pest populations low A single adult toad can eat as many as 10,000 insects per summer.
Including Mosquitoes Frogs legs , taste a bit like chicken apparently :- Rana esculenta Water quality control :they need clean water ,if you have them around
you can be assured your water is clean. If they start growing extra legs be concerned.
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Position •The ideal pond for frogs and toads includes plenty of shallows for toads to rest and breed. •A deep area of at least 1.3 meters for overwintering frogs, and plenty of vegetation around the edges to hide out in.•Provide shallow, not steep, edges so frogs and toads can easily climb in and out, or add a couple logs partly in and partly out of the water.• Both frogs and toads will also really appreciate some rocks around the edges for sunning themselves
Edible Frog Rana esculenta
Edge
Paulownia Garden Pond Design