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Notes

3/28/2016New Civil Rights Movements

Key Terms:

Complete

the Do Now,

then set up

your notes• affirmative action – policy favoring minorities in

college admissions or employment decisions

•  judicial activism – idea that some judges attempt to

create new law rather than interpret the law

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 Announcements

• New seating charts

• Tutorials calendar 

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Chicano Movement

• Rising Mexican

immigration in 1960s

• MAYO (Mexican-

 American Youth

Organization) and La

Raza Unida form to

register Mexican- American voters, fight for

rights

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Chicano Movement

• Cesar Chavez & Dolores Huerta form

United Farm Workers, led strikes on grape

growers (1965-1970)

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 American Indian Movement

• 1969, American Indians seize island of

 Alcatraz in protest

•  American Indian Movement (AIM) founded

to fight for native rights

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 American Indian Movement

• Wounded Knee, SD taken over by activists

in 1973

• US Government renegotiates treaties,

passes 1972 Indian Education Act

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Feminist Movement

• Betty Friedan, writes

Feminine Mystique

(1963), describing

unhappiness of suburbanhousewives launches

feminist movement

• Friedan & others found

NOW (NationalOrganization of Women)

• Gloria Steinem founds

Ms. Magazine (1972)

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Feminist Movement

• Equal Pay Act (1963) – equal

pay for equal work

• Title IX – requires equal rights

for women in education• Equal Rights Amendment

(ERA) –

 – originally proposed in 1920s,

NOW began lobbying for its

passage

 – Phyllis Schlafly forms STOP

ERA, helps prevent ratification

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Warren Court

• Led by Chief Justice Earl

Warren (appointed by

Eisenhower)

• Religion: bans on schoolprayer & Bible reading

 – Engel v. Vitale (1962)

 –  Abington School Board v.

Schempp (1963)

• Griswold v. Connecticut

(1965): right to privacy & use

of contraception

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Warren Court

• Rights of defendants:

 – Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) – right to an attorney, even if you’re

poor 

 – Escobedo v. Illinois (1964) – right to an attorney during

interrogation – Miranda v. Arizona (1966) – must be informed of rights

• New York Times v. Sullivan (1964) – protected free

speech

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Burger Court

• Nixon promised in election of

1968 to stop judicial activism

on court appointed Warren

Burger as Chief Justice

• Roe v. Wade (1973):

expanded privacy rights to

include abortion• Regents of the University of

California v. Bakke (1978):

allowed some affirmative

action