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FRESH OFF THE BOAT immigration notes

1775:

Breakdown:

oSouth: blacks

oMiddle Colonies: White immigrants

oNew England: British

Racial Groups:

oGermans

oScotts-Irish

Left Ireland because of religious persecution

1840:

Huge influx in immigration: quadrupled

o Irishpotato famine 1845

mostly poor, stayed in coastal cities to work on railroads

workforce tension (No Irish Need Apply)resented by blacks

political machines: tammany hall

oGermans

had more material goodsmoved west

also formed influential body of voters Trends:

o spread of Catholicism

o antiforeignism tension

Know-Nothing partynativists (like Jan BrewerArizona)

1880:

Before:

oMost immigrants came from Northern/Western Europe

oUsually Protestant (except for Irish and Germans)

oRelatively high literacy rates

New Immigration1880s - 1920s

oEastern/Southern Europe (Italians, Austrians/Hungarians, Russians,

Greeks etc.)

o Largely illiterate/impoverished

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RIFF-RAFF-TARIFF-RITAFFs tariff notes

1816: First Tariffs

1828: Tariff of Abominations (Jackson)

Favored wool manufacturing/industries

South Carolina Exposition (Calhoun) promoted nullification by the states.

1833: Compromise Tariff

1846: Tariff (Harrison) Spike

1861: Morrill Tariff Spike

1890: McKinley Tariff Cause of Cuban Revolt

1913: Underwood Tariff Huge Drop

1930: Smoot-Hawley Huge Spike Highest tariff in American history - near 50%

1947: General Agreement on Tariffs & Trade Drop

1993: NAFTA lowered

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YOU GO TO JAIL BAD BOY

-Supreme Court Cases-

1803- Marbury v Madison

o Marbury appointed as part of Adams Midnight Appointments. Jeffersons

secretary of state Madison refuses to certify the appointment. Marbury

sues for the federal position.

o Chief Justice Marshall establishes Judicial Review

1810- Fletcher v Peck

o Establishes that the constitution overrides state laws

o Ruled a state law unconstitutional

1819- McCulloch v Maryland

o A US bank is declared constitutional

A la Hamilton

1821- Gibbons v Ogden

o Only congress has right to regulate interstate commerce

o Indirectly establishes interstate commerce commission (ICC)

1821- Cohens v Virginia

o Supreme Court can review and override state court decisions

1831- Cherokee Nation v Georgia

o Cherokee Nation is a foreign nation

Cant sue in federal court

Has no US rights

1832- Worcester v Georgia

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o Georgia has no jurisdiction within Cherokee Territory

1842- Commonwealth v Hunt

o Labor unions/strikes are constitutional

1857- Dred Scott v Stanford

o The infamous Dred Scott case

o Justice Taney rules that Dred Scott, as a black man, is not a citizen, and

therefore cannot sue in federal court

1866- Ex Parte Milligan

o Ruled that civilian cannot be tried in military court when civilian courts are

operational

1883- Civil Rights cases of 1883

o 5 lawsuits all ruled on together

o Legalized Segregation on Private Properties

1886- Pacific Railway v Illinois

o Declared Granger Laws (state laws that regulated interstate commerce)

unconstitutional

1896- Plesse v Ferguson

o Legalized Separate but Equal

1904- Northern Securities v US

o Upheld Sherman Anti-Trust Act

1905- Lochner v New York

o Limiting working hours is constitutional

1908- Muller v Oregon

o Established Womens working rights

1919- Schenck v US

o Upheld Espionage Acts

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1941- Korematsu v US

o Forbade internment of Japanese born in the United States

1954- Brown v Board of Education

o Chief Justice Earl Warren rules that Separate but Equal is

unconstitutional

o Unanimous

o Overturns Plesse v Fergusson

1963- Gideon v Wainwright

o Right to counsel with lawyers

1966- Miranda v Arizona

o Establishes Miranda Rights

1973- Roe v Wade

o Legalizes Abortion (references privacy clause of 4 th amendment)

1974- US v Nixon

o Nixon asks for Immunity during Watergate scandal. Shot down.

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WHATS THE DEALIO? Deals notes

Roosevelt-Square Deal- 3 Cs Conservation, Consume Protection, Control of Corporations- Big-Stick Policy (thats what she said)

- foreign policy- control of Latin governments cuz theyre instable- a.k.a Roosevelt Corallary

Woodrow Wilson- New Freedom

- opposed Big-Stick Policy + imperialism- however, still kept strong military presence in Latin America- moral approach to foreign affairs- This kinda failed w/ Wilsons handling of Mexico (Gen. Pershing)

Harding and Coolidge basically fail and do nothing of significance

FDR-New Deal-a.k.a. alphabet agencies- 3 Rs Relief, Recovery, Reform-REESTABLISH CONFIDENCE IN BANKS (this is important!)

-EBRB---> govt takes over failing banks-FDIC----> bank deposits are guaranteed safe even if bank fails

-HELP FARMERS- AAA ----> pays $ to farmers to cut production----> later declared unconstitutional- Farmer Credit Act---> provides loans to failing farmers

-INDUSTRY- NIRA- consolidates business; establishes Public Works Administration (PWA)

Truman-Fair Deal

-health care- Federal aid for education- Civil Rights- new farm programs- public housing- HOWEVER...almost none of this stuff past, he had strong opposition in

Congress

Eisenhower

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-Lot of stuff happens during this time, HOWEVER, he does little to push these newreforms through-Brown v. Board

- He did nothing to enforce the ruling, only when the court ordered him to, did hecomply

Kennedy-New Frontier

-aids elderly, combats racism, improves education, assist farmers-Equal Pay Act- Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Johnson passes it)

Johnson-Great Society

-Civil Rights act of 1964- EEOC-

Voting Rights Act of 1965- Economic Opportunity Act-----> $1 billion for poverty relief

Nixon-Clean Air Act-Fail

Reagan-Reaganomics + New Federalism (more state power) and trickle down effect...